Women in the United States House of Representatives
Sometimes called the "Lady of the House", Jeannette Rankin entered the House in 1917 as the first woman in Congress.
Women have served in the United States House of Representatives since the 1917 entrance of Jeannette Rankin, a Republican from Montana. Nearly 300 women have since served in the House. As of May 2018, there are 84 women in the House (not counting five female territorial delegates), making women 19.3% of House representatives.[1][2]
Women have been elected to the House of Representatives from 45 of the 50 states in the United States. The states that have not elected a woman to the House are Alaska, Iowa, Mississippi, North Dakota, and Vermont—though Alaska, Iowa, Mississippi, and North Dakota have elected or appointed women to the United States Senate. Women have also been sent to congress from 5 of the 6 U.S. Territories; the only Territory that has not sent a woman to the U.S. House of Representatives is the Northern Mariana Islands. California has elected more women to Congress than any other state, with 41 representatives elected since 1923.
Contents
FirstsEdit
Jeannette Rankin, a Republican from Montana, entered the House of Representatives in 1917 as the first woman in the House or the Senate.[3]
Florence Prag Kahn entered the House of Representatives in 1925 as the first Jewish woman in the House or the Senate.[4]
Vera Buchanan of the House of Representatives died in 1955, making her the first woman in the House or the Senate to die in office.[5]
Patsy Mink, an Asian-American, entered the House of Representatives in 1965 as the first woman of color in the House or the Senate.[6][7]
Charlotte Reid of the House of Representatives became the first woman to wear pants in the House or the Senate in 1969.[8]
Shirley Chisholm entered the House of Representatives in 1969 as the first African-American woman in the House or the Senate.[9]
Yvonne Brathwaite Burke of the House of Representatives became the first member of the House or the Senate to give birth while in office and the first to be granted maternity leave by the Speaker of the House of Representatives in 1973, with the birth of her daughter Autumn.[10][11]
The House of Representatives' gym (with the exception of its swimming pool) first opened to women in 1985, the gym having previously been male-only.[12]
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen entered the House of Representatives in 1989 as the first Latina in the House or the Senate.[13]
Tammy Baldwin entered the House of Representatives in 1999 as the first openly gay woman in the House or the Senate.[14][15][16]
Nancy Pelosi became the first female House Minority Whip in 2002.[17]
Nancy Pelosi became the first female Speaker of the House of Representatives in 2007.[18]
Also in 2007, Mazie Hirono entered the House of Representatives as the first female Buddhist in the House or the Senate
The House of Representatives' gym swimming pool first opened to women in 2009, the pool having previously been male-only.[12]
In 2011 the House of Representatives got its first women’s bathroom near the chamber (Room H-211 of the U.S. Capitol).[19]
Tulsi Gabbard entered the House of Representatives in 2013 as the first Hindu person in the House or the Senate.[20][21]
Also in 2013, Kyrsten Sinema entered the House of Representatives as the first openly bisexual woman in the House or the Senate
Widow's successionEdit
Mae Ella Nolan was the first woman elected to her husband's seat in Congress, which is sometimes known as the widow's succession. In the early years of women in Congress, the seat was held only until the next election and the women retired after that single Congress. She thereby became a placeholder merely finishing out her late husband's elected term. As the years progressed, however, more and more of these widow successors sought re-election. These women began to win their own elections.
As of 2013, 38 widows have won their husbands' seats in the House, and 8 in the Senate. The only current example is Representative Doris Matsui of California. The most successful example is Margaret Chase Smith of Maine, who served a total of 32 years in both houses and became the first woman elected to both the House and the Senate. She began the end of McCarthyism with a famous speech, "The Declaration of Conscience", became the first major-party female presidential candidate and the first woman to receive votes at a national nominating convention, and was the first (and highest ranking to date) woman to enter the Republican Party Senate leadership (in the third-highest post of Chairwoman of the Senate Republican Conference). The third woman elected to Congress, Winnifred Huck, was similarly elected to her father's seat.
Number of womenEdit
Number of women in the United States House of Representatives and Senate by CongressEdit
Number of women in the United States Congress (1917–2017):[22][23]
| Congress | Years | in Congress | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| 65th | 1917–1919 | 1 | 0.2% |
| 66th | 1919–1921 | 0 | 0% |
| 67th | 1921–1923 | 4 | 0.7% |
| 68th | 1923–1925 | 1 | 0.2% |
| 69th | 1925–1927 | 3 | 0.6% |
| 70th | 1927–1929 | 5 | 0.9% |
| 71st | 1929–1931 | 9 | 1.7% |
| 72nd | 1931–1933 | 8 | 1.5% |
| 73rd | 1933–1935 | 8 | 1.5% |
| 74th | 1935–1937 | 8 | 1.5% |
| 75th | 1937–1939 | 9 | 1.7% |
| 76th | 1939–1941 | 9 | 1.7% |
| 77th | 1941–1943 | 10 | 1.9% |
| 78th | 1943–1945 | 9 | 1.7% |
| 79th | 1945–1947 | 11 | 2.1% |
| 80th | 1947–1949 | 8 | 1.5% |
| 81st | 1949–1951 | 10 | 1.9% |
| 82nd | 1951–1953 | 11 | 2.1% |
| 83rd | 1953–1955 | 15 | 2.8% |
| 84th | 1955–1957 | 18 | 3.4% |
| 85th | 1957–1959 | 16 | 3.0% |
| 86th | 1959–1961 | 19 | 3.5% |
| 87th | 1961–1963 | 20 | 3.7% |
| 88th | 1963–1965 | 14 | 2.6% |
| 89th | 1965–1967 | 13 | 2.4% |
| 90th | 1967–1969 | 12 | 2.2% |
| 91st | 1969–1971 | 11 | 2.1% |
| 92nd | 1971–1973 | 15 | 2.8% |
| 93rd | 1973–1975 | 16 | 3.0% |
| 94th | 1975–1977 | 19 | 3.6% |
| 95th | 1977–1979 | 20 | 3.7% |
| 96th | 1979–1981 | 17 | 3.2% |
| 97th | 1981–1983 | 23 | 4.3% |
| 98th | 1983–1985 | 24 | 4.5% |
| 99th | 1985–1987 | 25 | 4.7% |
| 100th | 1987–1989 | 26 | 4.9% |
| 101st | 1989–1991 | 31 | 5.8% |
| 102nd | 1991–1993 | 33 | 6.2% |
| 103rd | 1993–1995 | 55 | 10.3% |
| 104th | 1995–1997 | 59 | 11.0% |
| 105th | 1997–1999 | 66 | 12.3% |
| 106th | 1999–2001 | 67 | 12.5% |
| 107th | 2001–2003 | 75 | 14.0% |
| 108th | 2003–2005 | 77 | 14.4% |
| 109th | 2005–2007 | 85 | 15.9% |
| 110th | 2007–2009 | 94 | 17.6% |
| 111th | 2009–2011 | 96 | 17.9% |
| 112th | 2011–2013 | 96 | 17.9% |
| 113th | 2013–2015 | 101[24] | 19.1% |
| 114th | 2015–2017 | 104 | 19.4% |
| 115th | 2017–2019 | 104 | 19.4% |
Number of women in the United States House of Representatives by partyEdit
Notes: "% of party" is taken from voting members at the beginning of the Congress, while numbers and "% of women" include all female House members of the given Congress
| Congress | Years | Women total | Republican | % of women | % of party | Democratic | % of women | % of party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 65th | 1917–1919 | 1 | 1 | 100% | 0.5% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 66th | 1919–1921 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 67th | 1921–1923 | 3 | 3 | 100% | 0.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 68th | 1923–1925 | 1 | 1 | 100% | 0.4% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 69th | 1925–1927 | 3 | 2 | 66.7% | 0.4% | 1 | 33.3% | 0.5% |
| 70th | 1927–1929 | 5 | 3 | 60.0% | 1.3% | 2 | 40.0% | 0.5% |
| 71st | 1929–1931 | 9 | 5 | 55.6% | 1.9% | 4 | 44.4% | 1.8% |
| 72nd | 1931–1933 | 7 | 3 | 42.9% | 1.4% | 4 | 57.1% | 1.4% |
| 73rd | 1933–1935 | 7 | 3 | 42.9% | 1.7% | 4 | 57.1% | 1.0% |
| 74th | 1935–1937 | 6 | 2 | 33.3% | 1.9% | 4 | 66.7% | 1.2% |
| 75th | 1937–1939 | 6 | 1 | 16.7% | 1.1% | 5 | 83.3% | 1.2% |
| 76th | 1939–1941 | 8 | 4 | 50.0% | 1.2% | 4 | 50.0% | 0.8% |
| 77th | 1941–1943 | 9 | 5 | 55.6% | 3.1% | 4 | 44.4% | 0.7% |
| 78th | 1943–1945 | 8 | 6 | 75.0% | 2.9% | 2 | 25.0% | 0.5% |
| 79th | 1945–1947 | 11 | 5 | 45.5% | 2.6% | 6 | 54.5% | 1.7% |
| 80th | 1947–1949 | 7 | 5 | 71.4% | 2.0% | 2 | 28.6% | 1.1% |
| 81st | 1949–1951 | 9 | 4 | 44.4% | 2.3% | 5 | 55.6% | 1.5% |
| 82nd | 1951–1953 | 10 | 6 | 60.0% | 3.0% | 4 | 40.0% | 0.9% |
| 83rd | 1953–1955 | 12 | 7 | 58.3% | 2.7% | 5 | 41.7% | 2.3% |
| 84th | 1955–1957 | 17 | 7 | 41.2% | 3.0% | 10 | 58.8% | 3.4% |
| 85th | 1957–1959 | 15 | 6 | 40.0% | 3.0% | 9 | 60.0% | 3.8% |
| 86th | 1959–1961 | 17 | 8 | 47.1% | 5.2% | 9 | 52.9% | 2.8% |
| 87th | 1961–1963 | 18 | 7 | 38.9% | 3.5% | 11 | 61.1% | 3.4% |
| 88th | 1963–1965 | 12 | 6 | 50.0% | 2.8% | 6 | 50.0% | 2.3% |
| 89th | 1965–1967 | 11 | 4 | 36.4% | 2.9% | 7 | 63.6% | 2.0% |
| 90th | 1967–1969 | 11 | 5 | 45.5% | 2.7% | 6 | 54.5% | 2.4% |
| 91st | 1969–1971 | 10 | 4 | 40.0% | 2.1% | 6 | 60.0% | 2.5% |
| 92nd | 1971–1973 | 13 | 3 | 23.1% | 1.1% | 10 | 76.9% | 3.5% |
| 93rd | 1973–1975 | 16 | 2 | 12.5% | 1.0% | 14 | 87.5% | 5.0% |
| 94th | 1975–1977 | 19 | 5 | 26.3% | 2.8% | 14 | 73.7% | 4.8% |
| 95th | 1977–1979 | 18 | 5 | 27.8% | 3.5% | 13 | 72.2% | 4.5% |
| 96th | 1979–1981 | 16 | 5 | 31.3% | 3.2% | 11 | 68.8% | 4.0% |
| 97th | 1981–1983 | 21 | 10 | 47.6% | 4.7% | 11 | 52.4% | 3.7% |
| 98th | 1983–1985 | 22 | 9 | 40.9% | 5.5% | 13 | 59.1% | 4.4% |
| 99th | 1985–1987 | 23 | 11 | 47.8% | 6.0% | 12 | 52.2% | 4.3% |
| 100th | 1987–1989 | 24 | 11 | 45.8% | 6.2% | 13 | 54.2% | 4.3% |
| 101st | 1989–1991 | 29 | 13 | 44.8% | 6.0% | 16 | 55.2% | 5.6% |
| 102nd | 1991–1993 | 30 | 9 | 30.0% | 5.5% | 21 | 70.0% | 7.0% |
| 103rd | 1993–1995 | 48 | 12 | 25.0% | 6.8% | 36 | 75.0% | 13.6% |
| 104th | 1995–1997 | 50 | 18 | 36.0% | 7.4% | 32 | 64.0% | 14.7% |
| 105th | 1997–1999 | 57 | 18 | 31.6% | 6.6% | 39 | 68.4% | 17.0% |
| 106th | 1999–2001 | 58 | 17 | 29.3% | 7.6% | 41 | 70.7% | 18.5% |
| 107th | 2001–2003 | 62 | 18 | 29.0% | 8.1% | 44 | 71.0% | 19.0% |
| 108th | 2003–2005 | 63 | 21 | 33.3% | 9.2% | 42 | 66.7% | 18.5% |
| 109th | 2005–2007 | 71 | 25 | 35.2% | 9.9% | 46 | 64.8% | 20.9% |
| 110th | 2007–2009 | 78 | 21 | 26.9% | 9.9% | 57 | 73.1% | 20.2% |
| 111th | 2009–2011 | 79 | 17 | 21.5% | 9.6% | 62 | 78.5% | 21.5% |
| 112th | 2011–2013 | 79 | 24 | 30.4% | 9.9% | 55 | 69.6% | 23.8% |
| 113th | 2013–2015 | 82 | 20 | 24.4% | 8.2% | 62 | 75.6% | 29.0% |
| 114th | 2015–2017 | 84 | 22 | 26.2% | 8.9% | 62 | 73.8% | 33.0% |
| 115th | 2017–2019 | 83 | 21 | 25.3% | 8.7% | 62 | 74.7% | 32.0% |
List of female membersEdit
This is a complete list of women who have served as representatives/delegates of the United States House of Representatives, ordered by seniority. This list includes women who served in the past and who continue to serve in the present.
| Image | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Years | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Jeannette Rankin (1880–1973) |
Republican | Montana at-large | March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1919 |
First woman elected to a national office Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the United States Senate election in Montana, 1918 |
| Montana's 1st | January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943 |
Retired | |||
|
Alice Robertson (1854–1931) |
Republican | Oklahoma's 2nd | March 4, 1921 – March 4, 1923 |
First woman to defeat an incumbent congressman Lost reelection |
|
Winnifred Huck (1882–1936) |
Republican | Illinois at-large | November 7, 1922 – March 4, 1923 |
Succeeded her father in a special election First woman incumbent defeated in a primary First woman to win a special election |
|
Mae Nolan (1886–1973) |
Republican | California's 5th | January 23, 1923 – March 4, 1925 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Florence Kahn (1866–1948) |
Republican | California's 4th | March 4, 1925 – January 3, 1937 |
First woman to be reelected First Jewish woman elected Succeeded her husband Lost reelection |
|
Mary Norton (1875–1959) |
Democratic | New Jersey's 12th | March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1933 |
First Democratic woman elected Redistricted |
| New Jersey's 13th | March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1951 |
Retired | |||
|
Edith Rogers (1881–1960) |
Republican | Massachusetts's 5th | June 30, 1925 – September 10, 1960 |
Succeeded her husband Died in office |
|
Katherine G. Langley (1888–1948) |
Republican | Kentucky's 7th | March 4, 1927 – March 4, 1931 |
Succeeded her husband (though not immediately) Daughter of James M. Gudger, Jr. Retired |
|
Pearl Oldfield (1876–1962) |
Democratic | Arkansas's 2nd | January 9, 1929 – March 4, 1931 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Ruth McCormick (1880–1944) |
Republican | Illinois at-large | March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931 |
Daughter of Mark Hanna Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate election in Illinois, 1930 |
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|
Ruth Owen (1885–1954) |
Democratic | Florida's 4th | March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933 |
Daughter of William Jennings Bryan Lost renomination Later became United States Ambassador to Denmark |
|
Ruth Pratt (1877–1965) |
Republican | New York's 17th | March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933 |
Lost reelection |
|
Effiegene Wingo (1883–1962) |
Democratic | Arkansas's 4th | November 4, 1930 – March 4, 1933 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Willa Eslick (1878–1961) |
Democratic | Tennessee's 7th | August 14, 1932 – March 4, 1933 |
Succeeded her husband Not eligible for reelection having not qualified for nomination |
|
Virginia E. Jenckes (1877–1975) |
Democratic | Indiana's 6th | March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1939 |
Lost reelection |
|
Kathryn O'Loughlin-McCarthy (1894–1952) |
Democratic | Kansas's 6th | March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935 |
Lost reelection |
|
Isabella Greenway (1886–1953) |
Democratic | Arizona at-large | October 2, 1933 – January 3, 1937 |
Retired |
|
Marian W. Clarke (1880–1953) |
Republican | New York's 34th | December 28, 1933 – January 3, 1935 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Caroline O'Day (1869–1943) |
Democratic | New York at-large | January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1943 |
Retired |
|
Nan Honeyman (1881–1970) |
Democratic | Oregon's 3rd | January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939 |
Lost reelection |
|
Elizabeth Gasque (1886/1893–1989) |
Democratic | South Carolina's 6th | September 13, 1938 – January 3, 1939 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Jessie Sumner (1898–1994) |
Republican | Illinois's 18th | January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1947 |
Retired |
|
Clara G. McMillan (1894–1976) |
Democratic | South Carolina's 1st | November 7, 1939 – January 3, 1941 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Frances P. Bolton (1885–1977) |
Republican | Ohio's 22nd | February 27, 1940 – January 3, 1969 |
Succeeded her husband Lost reelection |
|
Margaret Chase Smith (1897–1995) |
Republican | Maine's 2nd | June 3, 1940 – January 3, 1949 |
Succeeded her husband Later first woman elected to the United States Senate in a general election without previously being appointed, elected in a special election, or succeeding a husband |
|
Florence Gibbs (1890–1964) |
Democratic | Georgia's 8th | October 1, 1940 – January 3, 1941 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Katharine Byron (1903–1976) |
Democratic | Maryland's 6th | May 27, 1941 – January 3, 1943 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Veronica Boland (1899–1982) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 11th | November 3, 1942 – January 3, 1943 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Clare Boothe Luce (1903–1987) |
Republican | Connecticut's 4th | January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1947 |
Retired Later became United States Ambassador to Italy and United States Ambassador to Brazil |
|
Winifred C. Stanley (1909–1996) |
Republican | New York at-large | January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945 |
Retired |
|
Willa L. Fulmer (1884–1968) |
Democratic | South Carolina's 2nd | November 7, 1944 – January 3, 1945 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Emily Douglas (1899–1994) |
Democratic | Illinois at-large | January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947 |
Lost reelection |
|
Helen Gahagan-Douglas (1900–1980) |
Democratic | California's 14th | January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1951 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate election in California, 1950 |
|
Chase G. Woodhouse (1890–1984) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 2nd | January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947 |
Lost reelection |
| January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951 |
Lost reelection | ||||
|
Helen Mankin (1896–1956) |
Democratic | Georgia's 5th | February 12, 1946 – January 3, 1947 |
Lost renomination |
|
Eliza Pratt (1902–1981) |
Democratic | North Carolina's 8th | May 25, 1946 – January 3, 1947 |
Retired |
|
Georgia Lusk (1893–1971) |
Democratic | New Mexico at-large | January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949 |
Lost renomination |
|
Katharine St. George (1894–1983) |
Republican | New York's 29th | January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1953 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 28th | January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1963 |
Redistricted | |||
| New York's 27th | January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965 |
Lost reelection | |||
|
Reva Bosone (1895–1983) |
Democratic | Utah's 2nd | January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1953 |
Lost reelection |
|
Cecil M. Harden (1894–1984) |
Republican | Indiana's 6th | January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1959 |
Lost reelection |
|
Edna F. Kelly (1906–1997) |
Democratic | New York's 10th | November 8, 1949 – January 3, 1963 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 12th | January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1969 |
Lost renomination | |||
|
Marguerite S. Church (1892–1990) |
Republican | Illinois's 13th | January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1963 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Ruth Thompson (1887–1970) |
Republican | Michigan's 9th | January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1957 |
Lost renomination |
|
Elizabeth Kee (1895–1975) |
Democratic | West Virginia's 5th | July 17, 1951 – January 3, 1965 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Vera Buchanan (1902–1955) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 33rd | July 24, 1951 – January 3, 1953 |
Succeeded her husband Redistricted |
| Pennsylvania's 30th | January 3, 1953 – November 26, 1955 |
Died in office | |||
|
Gracie Pfost (1906–1965) |
Democratic | Idaho's 1st | January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1963 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate election in Idaho, 1962 |
|
Leonor Sullivan (1902–1988) |
Democratic | Missouri's 3rd | January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1977 |
Retired |
|
Elizabeth P. Farrington (1898–1984) |
Republican | Hawaii's at-large | July 31, 1954 – January 3, 1957 |
Succeeded her husband First woman territorial delegate Lost reelection |
|
Iris Blitch (1912–1993) |
Democratic | Georgia's 8th | January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1963 |
Retired |
|
Edith Green (1910–1987) |
Democratic | Oregon's 3rd | January 3, 1955 – December 31, 1974 |
Retired |
|
Martha Griffiths (1912–2003) |
Democratic | Michigan's 17th | January 3, 1955 – December 31, 1974 |
Retired Later became Lieutenant Governor of Michigan |
|
Coya Knutson (1912–1996) |
Democratic | Minnesota's 9th | January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1959 |
Lost reelection |
|
Kathryn E. Granahan (1894–1979) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 2nd | November 6, 1956 – January 3, 1963 |
Succeeded her husband Retired Later became Treasurer of the United States |
|
Florence P. Dwyer (1902–1976) |
Republican | New Jersey's 6th | January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1967 |
Redistricted |
| New Jersey's 12th | January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1973 |
Retired | |||
|
Catherine May (1914–2004) |
Republican | Washington's 4th | January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1971 |
Lost reelection |
|
Edna O. Simpson (1891–1984) |
Republican | Illinois's 20th | January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Jessica M. Weis (1901–1963) |
Republican | New York's 38th | January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1963 |
Retired |
|
Julia Hansen (1907–1988) |
Democratic | Washington's 3rd | November 8, 1960 – December 31, 1974 |
Retired |
|
Catherine Norrell (1901–1981) |
Democratic | Arkansas's 6th | April 19, 1961 – January 3, 1963 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Louise Reece (1898–1970) |
Republican | Tennessee's 1st | May 16, 1961 – January 3, 1963 |
Succeeded her husband Daughter of Guy D. Goff Retired |
|
Corinne Riley (1893–1979) |
Democratic | South Carolina's 2nd | April 10, 1962 – January 3, 1963 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Charlotte Reid (1913–2007) |
Republican | Illinois's 15th | January 3, 1963 – October 7, 1971 |
Succeeded her husband as nominee before election Resigned to become a member of the Federal Communications Commission |
|
Irene Baker (1901–1994) |
Republican | Tennessee's 2nd | January 7, 1964 – January 3, 1965 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Patsy Mink (1927–2002) |
Democratic | Hawaii's at-large | January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1971 |
First woman of color elected Redistricted |
| Hawaii's 2nd | January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1977 |
First Asian American elected Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the United States Senate election in Hawaii, 1976 Later became Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs | |||
| September 22, 1990 – September 28, 2002 |
Died in office | ||||
|
Lera Thomas (1900–1993) |
Democratic | Texas's 8th | March 26, 1966 – January 3, 1967 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Margaret Heckler (1931–2018) |
Republican | Massachusetts's 10th | January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1983 |
Lost reelection Later became United States Secretary of Health and Human Services and United States Ambassador to Ireland |
|
Shirley Chisholm (1924–2005) |
Democratic | New York's 12th | January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1983 |
First African American woman elected Retired |
|
Bella Abzug (1920–1998) |
Democratic | New York's 19th | January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 20th | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1977 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the United States Senate election in New York, 1976 | |||
|
Ella T. Grasso (1919–1981) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 6th | January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1975 |
Previously served as Connecticut Secretary of State Retired to run successfully for Governor of Connecticut |
|
Louise Day Hicks (1916–2003) |
Democratic | Massachusetts's 9th | January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973 |
Lost reelection |
|
Elizabeth B. Andrews (1911–2002) |
Democratic | Alabama's 3rd | April 4, 1972 – January 3, 1973 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Yvonne Burke (born 1932) |
Democratic | California's 37th | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975 |
Redistricted |
| California's 28th | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1979 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for California Attorney General | |||
|
Marjorie Holt (1920–2018) |
Republican | Maryland's 4th | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1987 |
Retired |
|
Elizabeth Holtzman (born 1941) |
Democratic | New York's 16th | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1981 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate election in New York, 1980 |
|
Barbara Jordan (1936–1996) |
Democratic | Texas's 18th | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1979 |
Retired |
|
Pat Schroeder (born 1940) |
Democratic | Colorado's 1st | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1997 |
Retired |
|
Lindy Boggs (1916–2013) |
Democratic | Louisiana's 2nd | March 20, 1973 – January 3, 1991 |
Succeeded her husband Retired Later became United States Ambassador to the Holy See |
|
Cardiss Collins (1931–2013) |
Democratic | Illinois's 7th | June 5, 1973 – January 3, 1997 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Millicent Fenwick (1910–1992) |
Republican | New Jersey's 5th | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1983 |
Daughter of Ogden H. Hammond Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate election in New Jersey, 1982 Later became United States Ambassador to the United Nations Agencies for Food and Agriculture |
|
Martha Keys (born 1930) |
Democratic | Kansas's 2nd | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1979 |
Lost reelection |
|
Marilyn Lloyd (1929–2018) |
Democratic | Tennessee's 3rd | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1995 |
Succeeded her husband as nominee before election Retired |
|
Virginia D. Smith (1911–2006) |
Republican | Nebraska's 3rd | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1991 |
Retired |
|
Gladys Spellman (1918–1988) |
Democratic | Maryland's 5th | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1981 |
After suffering a debilitating heart attack and slipping into a comatose state, her seat was declared vacant by the House |
|
Helen Stevenson-Meyner (1929–1997) |
Democratic | New Jersey's 13th | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1979 |
Lost reelection |
|
Shirley Pettis (1924–2016) |
Republican | California's 37th | April 29, 1975 – January 3, 1979 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Barbara Mikulski (born 1936) |
Democratic | Maryland's 3rd | January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1987 |
Retired to run successfully for the United States Senate election in Maryland, 1986 |
|
Mary Oakar (born 1940) |
Democratic | Ohio's 20th | January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1993 |
Lost reelection |
|
Beverly Byron (born 1932) |
Democratic | Maryland's 6th | January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1993 |
Succeeded her husband Lost renomination |
|
Geraldine Ferraro (1935–2011) |
Democratic | New York's 9th | January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1985 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully as the Democrat nominee for Vice President of the United States during the United States presidential election, 1984 Later became United States Ambassador to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights |
|
Olympia Snowe (born 1947) |
Republican | Maine's 2nd | January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1995 |
Retired to run successfully for the United States Senate election in Maine, 1994 |
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|
Bobbi Fiedler (born 1937) |
Republican | California's 21st | January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1987 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the United States Senate election in California, 1986 |
|
Lynn Morley-Martin (born 1939) |
Republican | Illinois's 16th | January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1991 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate election in Illinois, 1990 Later became United States Secretary of Labor |
|
Marge Roukema (1929–2014) |
Republican | New Jersey's 7th | January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983 |
Redistricted |
| New Jersey's 5th | January 3, 1983 – January 3, 2003 |
Retired | |||
|
Claudine Schneider (born 1947) |
Republican | Rhode Island's 2nd | January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1991 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate election in Rhode Island, 1990 |
|
Barbara B. Kennelly (born 1936) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 1st | January 12, 1982 – January 3, 1999 |
Previously served as Connecticut Secretary of State Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Connecticut gubernatorial election, 1998 |
|
Jean Spencer-Ashbrook (born 1934) |
Republican | Ohio's 17th | June 29, 1982 – January 3, 1983 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Katie Hall (1938–2012) |
Democratic | Indiana's 1st | November 2, 1982 – January 3, 1985 |
Lost renomination |
|
Barbara Boxer (born 1940) |
Democratic | California's 6th | January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1993 |
Retired to run successfully for the United States Senate election in California, 1992 |
|
Nancy Johnson (born 1935) |
Republican | Connecticut's 6th | January 3, 1983 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| Connecticut's 5th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007 |
Lost reelection | |||
|
Marcy Kaptur (born 1946) |
Democratic | Ohio's 9th | January 3, 1983 – present |
|
|
Barbara Vucanovich (1921–2013) |
Republican | Nevada's 2nd | January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1997 |
First Hispanic woman elected Retired |
|
Sala Burton (1925–1987) |
Democratic | California's 5th | June 21, 1983 – February 1, 1987 |
Succeeded her husband Died in office |
|
Helen Delich-Bentley (1923–2016) |
Republican | Maryland's 2nd | January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1995 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the Maryland gubernatorial election, 1994 |
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|
Jan Meyers (born 1928) |
Republican | Kansas's 3rd | January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1997 |
Retired |
|
Catherine Small-Long (born 1924) |
Democratic | Louisiana's 8th | March 30, 1985 – January 3, 1987 |
Succeeded her husband Retired |
|
Connie Morella (born 1931) |
Republican | Maryland's 8th | January 3, 1987 – January 3, 2003 |
Lost reelection Later became United States Ambassador to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
|
Liz J. Patterson (born 1939) |
Democratic | South Carolina's 4th | January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1993 |
Daughter of Olin D. Johnston Lost reelection |
|
Pat Saiki (born 1930) |
Republican | Hawaii's 1st | January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1991 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate special election in Hawaii, 1990 Later became Administrator of the Small Business Administration |
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|
Louise Slaughter (1929–2018) |
Democratic | New York's 30th | January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1993 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 28th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
First woman Chair of the House Rules Committee Redistricted | |||
| New York's 25th | January 3, 2013 – March 16, 2018 |
Died in office | |||
|
Nancy Pelosi (born 1940) |
Democratic | California's 5th | June 2, 1987 – January 3, 1993 |
Redistricted |
| California's 8th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
First woman party whip First woman party leader First woman Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Redistricted | |||
| California's 12th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Nita Lowey (born 1937) |
Democratic | New York's 20th | January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1993 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 18th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted | |||
| New York's 17th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Jolene Unsoeld (born 1931) |
Democratic | Washington's 3rd | January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Jill Long-Thompson (born 1952) |
Democratic | Indiana's 4th | March 20, 1989 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
|
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (born 1952) |
Republican | Florida's 18th | August 29, 1989 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| Florida's 27th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Susan Molinari (born 1958) |
Republican | New York's 14th | March 20, 1990 – January 3, 1993 |
Daughter of Guy Molinari Redistricted |
| New York's 13th | January 3, 1993 – August 2, 1997 |
Resigned to become co-host of CBS This Morning | |||
|
Barbara-Rose Collins (born 1939) |
Democratic | Michigan's 13th | January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993 |
Redistricted |
| Michigan's 15th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1997 |
Lost renomination | |||
|
Rosa DeLauro (born 1943) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 3rd | January 3, 1991 – present |
|
|
Eleanor Holmes-Norton (born 1937) |
Democratic | DC at-large | January 3, 1991 – present |
|
|
Joan Horn (born 1936) |
Democratic | Missouri's 2nd | January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993 |
Lost reelection |
|
Maxine Waters (born 1938) |
Democratic | California's 29th | January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993 |
Redistricted |
| California's 35th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted | |||
| California's 43rd | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Eva M. Clayton (born 1934) |
Democratic | North Carolina's 1st | November 3, 1992 – January 3, 2003 |
Retired |
|
Corrine Brown (born 1946) |
Democratic | Florida's 3rd | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| Florida's 5th | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2017 |
Lost renomination | |||
|
Leslie L. Byrne (born 1946) |
Democratic | Virginia's 11th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
|
Maria Cantwell (born 1958) |
Democratic | Washington's 1st | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection Later ran successfully for the United States Senate election in Washington, 2000 |
|
Pat Danner (born 1934) |
Democratic | Missouri's 6th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2001 |
Retired |
|
Jennifer Dunn (1941–2007) |
Republican | Washington's 8th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2005 |
Retired |
|
Karan English (born 1949) |
Democratic | Arizona's 6th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
|
Anna Eshoo (born 1942) |
Democratic | California's 14th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 18th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Tillie K. Fowler (1942–2005) |
Republican | Florida's 4th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2001 |
Retired |
|
Elizabeth Furse (born 1936) |
Democratic | Oregon's 1st | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1999 |
Retired |
|
Jane Harman (born 1945) |
Democratic | California's 36th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1999 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the California gubernatorial election, 1998 |
| January 3, 2001 – February 28, 2011 |
Resigned to become the Director, President, and Chief Executive Officer of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars | ||||
|
Eddie Johnson (born 1936) |
Democratic | Texas's 30th | January 3, 1993 – present |
|
|
Blanche Lincoln (born 1960) |
Democratic | Arkansas's 1st | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1997 |
Retired Later ran successfully for the United States Senate election in Arkansas, 1998 |
|
Carolyn Maloney (born 1946) |
Democratic | New York's 14th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 12th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Marjorie Margolies (born 1942) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 13th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
|
Cynthia McKinney (born 1955) |
Democratic | Georgia's 11th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1997 |
Redistricted |
| Georgia's 4th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2003 |
Lost renomination | |||
| January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007 |
Lost renomination Ran for President of the United States as the nominee of the Green Party for the United States presidential election, 2008 | ||||
|
Carrie P. Meek (born 1926) |
Democratic | Florida's 17th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2003 |
Retired |
|
Deborah Pryce (born 1951) |
Republican | Ohio's 15th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2009 |
Retired |
|
Lucille Roybal-Allard (born 1941) |
Democratic | California's 33rd | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2003 |
Daughter of Edward R. Roybal Redistricted |
| California's 34th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted | |||
| California's 40th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Lynn Schenk (born 1945) |
Democratic | California's 49th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
|
Karen Shepherd (born 1940) |
Democratic | Utah's 2nd | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
|
Karen Thurman (born 1951) |
Democratic | Florida's 5th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2003 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Nydia Velázquez (born 1953) |
Democratic | New York's 12th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 7th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Lynn Woolsey (born 1937) |
Democratic | California's 6th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Retired |
|
Helen Chenoweth-Hage (1938–2006) |
Republican | Idaho's 1st | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2001 |
Retired |
|
Barbara Cubin (born 1946) |
Republican | Wyoming's at-large | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2009 |
Retired |
|
Enid Greene (born 1958) |
Republican | Utah's 2nd | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997 |
Retired |
|
Sheila Jackson-Lee (born 1950) |
Democratic | Texas's 18th | January 3, 1995 – present |
|
|
Sue Kelly (born 1936) |
Republican | New York's 19th | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2007 |
Lost reelection |
|
Zoe Lofgren (born 1947) |
Democratic | California's 16th | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 19th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Karen McCarthy (1947–2010) |
Democratic | Missouri's 5th | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2005 |
Retired |
|
Sue Myrick (born 1941) |
Republican | North Carolina's 9th | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2013 |
Retired |
|
Lynn N. Rivers (born 1956) |
Democratic | Michigan's 13th | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2003 |
Lost renomination |
|
Andrea Seastrand (born 1941) |
Republican | California's 22nd | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997 |
Lost reelection |
|
Linda Smith (born 1950) |
Republican | Washington's 3rd | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1999 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate election in Washington, 1998 |
|
Juanita Millender-McDonald (1938–2007) |
Democratic | California's 37th | March 26, 1996 – April 22, 2007 |
Died in office |
|
Jo Ann Emerson (born 1950) |
Republican | Missouri's 8th | November 5, 1996 – January 3, 1997 |
Succeeded her husband |
| Independent | January 3, 1997 – January 8, 1997 |
First woman elected as an Independent or third-party Changed parties | |||
| Republican | January 8, 1997 – January 22, 2013 |
Resigned to become the President and Chief Executive Officer of the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association | |||
|
Julia Carson (1938–2007) |
Democratic | Indiana's 10th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| Indiana's 7th | January 3, 2003 – December 15, 2007 |
Died in office | |||
|
Carolyn Cheeks-Kilpatrick (born 1945) |
Democratic | Michigan's 15th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| Michigan's 13th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost renomination | |||
|
Donna Christian-Christensen (born 1945) |
Democratic | U.S. Virgin Island's at-large | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election, 2014 |
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|
Diana DeGette (born 1957) |
Democratic | Colorado's 1st | January 3, 1997 – present |
|
|
Kay Granger (born 1943) |
Republican | Texas's 12th | January 3, 1997 – present |
|
|
Darlene Hooley (born 1939) |
Democratic | Oregon's 5th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2009 |
Retired |
|
Carolyn McCarthy (born 1944) |
Democratic | New York's 4th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired |
|
Anne Northup (born 1948) |
Republican | Kentucky's 3rd | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2007 |
Lost reelection |
|
Loretta Sánchez (born 1960) |
Democratic | California's 46th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| California's 47th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted | |||
| California's 46th | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2017 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate election in California, 2016 | |||
|
Debbie Stabenow (born 1950) |
Democratic | Michigan's 8th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2001 |
Retired to run successfully for the United States Senate election in Michigan, 2000 |
|
Ellen Tauscher (born 1951) |
Democratic | California's 10th | January 3, 1997 – June 26, 2009 |
Resigned to become Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs |
|
Lois Capps (born 1938) |
Democratic | California's 22nd | March 10, 1998 – January 3, 2003 |
Succeeded her husband Redistricted |
| California's 23rd | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted | |||
| California's 24th | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2017 |
Retired | |||
|
Mary Bono (born 1961) |
Republican | California's 44th | April 7, 1998 – January 3, 2003 |
Succeeded her husband Redistricted |
| California's 45th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection | |||
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|
Barbara Lee (born 1946) |
Democratic | California's 9th | April 7, 1998 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 13th | January 3, 2013 – present |
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|
Heather Wilson (born 1960) |
Republican | New Mexico's 1st | June 25, 1998 – January 3, 2009 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the United States Senate election in New Mexico, 2008 Later became Secretary of the Air Force |
|
Tammy Baldwin (born 1962) |
Democratic | Wisconsin's 2nd | January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2013 |
Retired to run successfully for the United States Senate election in Wisconsin, 2012 |
|
Shelley Berkley (born 1951) |
Democratic | Nevada's 1st | January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2013 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate election in Nevada, 2012 |
|
Judy Biggert (born 1937) |
Republican | Illinois's 13th | January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Grace Napolitano (born 1936) |
Democratic | California's 34th | January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| California's 38th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted | |||
| California's 32nd | January 3, 2013 – present |
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|
Jan Schakowsky (born 1944) |
Democratic | Illinois's 9th | January 3, 1999 – present |
|
|
Stephanie Tubbs Jones (1949–2008) |
Democratic | Ohio's 11th | January 3, 1999 – August 20, 2008 |
Died in office |
|
Jo Ann Davis (1950–2007) |
Republican | Virginia's 1st | January 3, 2001 – October 6, 2007 |
Died in office |
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|
Susan Davis (born 1944) |
Democratic | California's 49th | January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| California's 53rd | January 3, 2003 – present |
||||
|
Melissa Hart (born 1962) |
Republican | Pennsylvania's 4th | January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2007 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Betty McCollum (born 1954) |
Democratic | Minnesota's 4th | January 3, 2001 – present |
|
|
Shelley Moore-Capito (born 1953) |
Republican | West Virginia's 2nd | January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired to run successfully for the United States Senate election in West Virginia, 2014 |
|
Hilda Solis (born 1957) |
Democratic | California's 31st | January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| California's 32nd | January 3, 2003 – February 24, 2009 |
Resigned to become United States Secretary of Labor | |||
|
Diane Watson (born 1933) |
Democratic | California's 32nd | June 5, 2001 – January 3, 2003 |
Previously served as United States Ambassador to Micronesia Redistricted |
| California's 33rd | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2011 |
Retired | |||
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|
Marsha Blackburn (born 1952) |
Republican | Tennessee's 7th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2019 |
Retiring to seek office as a U.S. Senator from Tennessee in 2018, to fill the seat of retiring Senator Bob Corker. |
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|
Madeleine Bordallo (born 1933) |
Democratic | Guam's at-large | January 3, 2003 – present |
Previously served as Lieutenant Governor of Guam |
|
Ginny Brown-Waite (born 1943) |
Republican | Florida's 5th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2011 |
Retired |
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|
Katherine Harris (born 1957) |
Republican | Florida's 13th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007 |
Previously served as Florida Secretary of State Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate election in Florida, 2006 |
|
Denise Majette (born 1955) |
Democratic | Georgia's 4th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate election in Georgia, 2004 |
|
Candice Miller (born 1954) |
Republican | Michigan's 10th | January 3, 2003 – January 1, 2017 |
Previously served as Michigan Secretary of State Retired to run successfully for Public Works Commissioner of Macomb County |
|
Marilyn Musgrave (born 1949) |
Republican | Colorado's 4th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2009 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Linda Sánchez (born 1969) |
Democratic | California's 39th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 38th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Stephanie Herseth-Sandlin (born 1970) |
Democratic | South Dakota's at-large | June 1, 2004 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
|
Melissa Bean (born 1962) |
Democratic | Illinois's 8th | January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
|
Thelma Drake (born 1949) |
Republican | Virginia's 2nd | January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2009 |
Lost reelection |
|
Virginia Foxx (born 1944) |
Republican | North Carolina's 5th | January 3, 2005 – present |
|
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|
Cathy McMorris-Rodgers (born 1969) |
Republican | Washington's 5th | January 3, 2005 – present |
|
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|
Gwen Moore (born 1951) |
Democratic | Wisconsin's 4th | January 3, 2005 – present |
|
|
Allyson Schwartz (born 1948) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 13th | January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, 2014 |
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|
Debbie Wasserman-Schultz (born 1966) |
Democratic | Florida's 20th | January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2013 |
Concurrently served as Chair of the Democratic National Committee Redistricted |
| Florida's 23rd | January 3, 2013 – present |
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|
Doris Matsui (born 1944) |
Democratic | California's 5th | March 3, 2005 – January 3, 2013 |
Succeeded her husband Redistricted |
| California's 6th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Jean Schmidt (born 1951) |
Republican | Ohio's 2nd | September 6, 2005 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost renomination |
|
Shelley Sekula-Gibbs (born 1953) |
Republican | Texas's 22nd | November 13, 2006 – January 3, 2007 |
Lost reelection |
|
Michele Bachmann (born 1956) |
Republican | Minnesota's 6th | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired |
|
Nancy Boyda (born 1955) |
Democratic | Kansas's 2nd | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009 |
Lost reelection |
|
Kathy Castor (born 1966) |
Democratic | Florida's 11th | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| Florida's 14th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Yvette Clarke (born 1964) |
Democratic | New York's 11th | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 9th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Mary Fallin (born 1954) |
Republican | Oklahoma's 5th | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2011 |
Previously served as Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma Retired to run successfully for the Oklahoma gubernatorial election, 2010 |
|
Gabrielle Giffords (born 1970) |
Democratic | Arizona's 8th | January 3, 2007 – January 25, 2012 |
Resigned due to the injuries of being shot in the head at close range during an assassination attempt during the 2011 Tucson shooting and survived |
|
Kirsten Gillibrand (born 1966) |
Democratic | New York's 20th | January 3, 2007 – January 25, 2009 |
Resigned to accept appointment to the United States Senate, ran successfully for the United States Senate special election in New York, 2010 |
|
Mazie Hirono (born 1947) |
Democratic | Hawaii's 2nd | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013 |
Retired to run successfully for the United States Senate election in Hawaii, 2012 |
|
Laura Richardson (born 1962) |
Democratic | California's 37th | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection |
|
Carol Shea-Porter (born 1952) |
Democratic | New Hampshire's 1st | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
| January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015 |
Lost reelection | ||||
| January 3, 2017 – present |
|||||
|
Betty Sutton (born 1963) |
Democratic | Ohio's 13th | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Niki Tsongas (born 1946) |
Democratic | Massachusetts's 5th | October 16, 2007 – January 3, 2013 |
Succeeded her husband (though not immediately) Redistricted |
| Massachusetts's 3rd | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
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|
Jackie Speier (born 1950) |
Democratic | California's 12th | April 8, 2008 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 14th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Donna Edwards (born 1958) |
Democratic | Maryland's 4th | June 17, 2008 – January 3, 2017 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the United States Senate election in Maryland, 2016 |
|
Marcia Fudge (born 1952) |
Democratic | Ohio's 11th | November 18, 2008 – present |
|
|
Kathy Dahlkemper (born 1957) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 3rd | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
|
Debbie Halvorson (born 1958) |
Democratic | Illinois's 11th | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
|
Lynn Jenkins (born 1963) |
Republican | Kansas's 2nd | January 3, 2009 – present |
Previously served as Kansas Treasurer |
|
Mary Jo Kilroy (born 1949) |
Democratic | Ohio's 15th | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
|
Ann Kirkpatrick (born 1950) |
Democratic | Arizona's 1st | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
| January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2017 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate election in Arizona, 2016 | ||||
|
Suzanne Kosmas (born 1944) |
Democratic | Florida's 24th | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
|
Cynthia Lummis (born 1954) |
Republican | Wyoming's at-large | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2017 |
Previously served as Wyoming Treasurer Retired |
|
Betsy Markey (born 1956) |
Democratic | Colorado's 4th | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
|
Chellie Pingree (born 1955) |
Democratic | Maine's 1st | January 3, 2009 – present |
|
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|
Dina Titus (born 1950) |
Democratic | Nevada's 3rd | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
| Nevada's 1st | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Judy Chu (born 1953) |
Democratic | California's 32nd | June 19, 2009 – January 3, 2013 |
First Chinese American woman elected Redistricted |
| California's 27th | January 3, 2013 – present |
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Sandy Adams (born 1956) |
Republican | Florida's 24th | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost renomination |
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Karen Bass (born 1953) |
Democratic | California's 33rd | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 37th | January 3, 2013 – present |
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Diane Black (born 1951) |
Republican | Tennessee's 6th | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2019 |
Retiring to seek election to the office of Governor of Tennessee in 2018. |
|
Ann Marie Buerkle (born 1951) |
Republican | New York's 25th | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection |
|
Renee Ellmers (born 1964) |
Republican | North Carolina's 2nd | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2017 |
Lost renomination |
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Colleen Hanabusa (born 1951) |
Democratic | Hawaii's 1st | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the United States Senate special election in Hawaii, 2014 |
| November 14, 2016 – present |
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Vicky Hartzler (born 1960) |
Republican | Missouri's 4th | January 3, 2011 – present |
|
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Nan Hayworth (born 1959) |
Republican | New York's 19th | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection |
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Jaime Herrera-Beutler (born 1978) |
Republican | Washington's 3rd | January 3, 2011 – present |
|
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Kristi Noem (born 1971) |
Republican | South Dakota's at-large | January 3, 2011 – present |
|
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Martha Roby (born 1976) |
Republican | Alabama's 2nd | January 3, 2011 – present |
|
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Terri Sewell (born 1965) |
Democratic | Alabama's 7th | January 3, 2011 – present |
|
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Frederica Wilson (born 1942) |
Democratic | Florida's 17th | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| Florida's 24th | January 3, 2013 – present |
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Kathy Hochul (born 1958) |
Democratic | New York's 26th | June 1, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection Later became Lieutenant Governor of New York |
|
Janice Hahn (born 1952) |
Democratic | California's 36th | July 12, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 44th | January 3, 2013 – December 4, 2016 |
Retired to run successfully for Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors | |||
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Suzanne Bonamici (born 1954) |
Democratic | Oregon's 1st | January 21, 2012 – present |
|
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Suzan DelBene (born 1962) |
Democratic | Washington's 1st | November 6, 2012 – present |
|
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Joyce Beatty (born 1950) |
Democratic | Ohio's 3rd | January 3, 2013 – present |
|
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Susan Brooks (born 1960) |
Republican | Indiana's 5th | January 3, 2013 – present |
Previously served as United States Attorney for the Southern District of Indiana |
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Julia Brownley (born 1952) |
Democratic | California's 26th | January 3, 2013 – present |
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Cheri Bustos (born 1961) |
Democratic | Illinois's 17th | January 3, 2013 – present |
|
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Tammy Duckworth (born 1968) |
Democratic | Illinois's 8th | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2017 |
Previously served as Assistant Secretary of Veterans Affairs for Public and Intergovernmental Affairs Retired to run successfully for the United States Senate election in Illinois, 2016 |
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Elizabeth Esty (born 1959) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 5th | January 3, 2013 – present |
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Lois Frankel (born 1948) |
Democratic | Florida's 22nd | January 3, 2013 – present |
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Tulsi Gabbard (born 1981) |
Democratic | Hawaii's 2nd | January 3, 2013 – present |
First Hindu elected to Congress |
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Michelle Lujan-Grisham (born 1959) |
Democratic | New Mexico's 1st | January 3, 2013 – present |
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Ann McLane-Kuster (born 1956) |
Democratic | New Hampshire's 2nd | January 3, 2013 – present |
|
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Grace Meng (born 1975) |
Democratic | New York's 6th | January 3, 2013 – present |
|
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Gloria Negrete-McLeod (born 1941) |
Democratic | California's 35th | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors |
|
Kyrsten Sinema (born 1976) |
Democratic | Arizona's 9th | January 3, 2013 – present |
First openly bisexual woman elected |
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Ann Wagner (born 1962) |
Republican | Missouri's 2nd | January 3, 2013 – present |
Previously served as United States Ambassador to Luxembourg |
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Jackie Walorski (born 1963) |
Republican | Indiana's 2nd | January 3, 2013 – present |
|
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Robin Kelly (born 1956) |
Democratic | Illinois's 2nd | April 11, 2013 – present |
|
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Katherine Clark (born 1963) |
Democratic | Massachusetts's 5th | December 10, 2013 – present |
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Alma Adams (born 1946) |
Democratic | North Carolina's 12th | November 12, 2014 – present |
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Barbara Comstock (born 1959) |
Republican | Virginia's 10th | January 3, 2015 – present |
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Debbie Dingell (born 1953) |
Democratic | Michigan's 12th | January 3, 2015 – present |
Succeeded her husband First woman to succeed her husband while he is still alive |
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Gwen Graham (born 1963) |
Democratic | Florida's 2nd | January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017 |
Daughter of Bob Graham Retired |
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Brenda Lawrence (born 1954) |
Democratic | Michigan's 14th | January 3, 2015 – present |
|
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Mia Love (born 1975) |
Republican | Utah's 4th | January 3, 2015 – present |
First African-American Republican woman elected to Congress |
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Martha McSally (born 1966) |
Republican | Arizona's 2nd | January 3, 2015 – present |
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Stacey Plaskett (born 1966) |
Democratic | U.S. Virgin Island's at-large | January 3, 2015 – present |
|
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Amata Radewagen (born 1947) |
Republican | American Samoa's at-large | January 3, 2015 – present |
Daughter of Peter Tali Coleman |
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Kathleen Rice (born 1965) |
Democratic | New York's 4th | January 3, 2015 – present |
|
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Elise Stefanik (born 1984) |
Republican | New York's 21st | January 3, 2015 – present |
Youngest woman elected to Congress (at age 30) |
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Norma Torres (born 1965) |
Democratic | California's 35th | January 3, 2015 – present |
|
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Mimi Walters (born 1962) |
Republican | California's 45th | January 3, 2015 – present |
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Bonnie Watson-Coleman (born 1945) |
Democratic | New Jersey's 12th | January 3, 2015 – present |
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Nanette Barragán (born 1976) |
Democratic | California's 44th | January 3, 2017 – present |
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Lisa Blunt-Rochester (born 1962) |
Democratic | Delaware at-large | January 3, 2017 – present |
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Liz Cheney (born 1966) |
Republican | Wyoming's at-large | January 3, 2017 – present |
Daughter of Dick Cheney |
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Val Demings (born 1957) |
Democratic | Florida's 10th | January 3, 2017 – present |
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Jenniffer González (born 1976) |
Republican | Puerto Rico's at-large | January 3, 2017 – present |
Youngest person to be Resident Commissioner from Puerto Rico and the first woman to serve in such role.[25] |
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Pramila Jayapal (born 1965) |
Democratic | Washington's 7th | January 3, 2017 – present |
First Indian American woman elected |
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Stephanie Murphy (born 1978) |
Democratic | Florida's 7th | January 3, 2017 – present |
First Vietnamese American woman elected |
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Jacky Rosen (born 1957) |
Democratic | Nevada's 3rd | January 3, 2017 – present |
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Claudia Tenney (born 1961) |
Republican | New York's 22nd | January 3, 2017 – present |
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Karen Handel (born 1962) |
Republican | Georgia's 6th | June 26, 2017 – present |
Previously served as Georgia Secretary of State |
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Debbie Lesko (born 1958) |
Republican | Arizona's 8th | May 7, 2018 – present |
PregnanciesEdit
There have been ten female members of the House of Representatives who were pregnant and gave birth at least once during their tenure (one member three times).[26]
| Congresswomen who have been pregnant while in office | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Congresswoman | State | Date of delivery | Mother's age | Notes | |
| Yvonne Brathwaite Burke | California | November 23, 1973 | 41 | The daughter, Autumn Burke, became notable in her own right. | |
| Enid Greene Waldholtz | Utah | August 31, 1995 | 37 | [27] | |
| Susan Molinari | New York | May 10, 1996 | 38 | The child's father was fellow congressman Bill Paxon.[28] | |
| Blanche Lincoln | Arkansas | June 1996 | 35 | Chose not to run for re-election due to the pregnancy. Gave birth to twin boys.[29] | |
| Cathy McMorris Rodgers | Washington | April 29, 2007 | 37 | [30] | |
| Kirsten Gillibrand | New York | May 15, 2008 | 41 | [31] | |
| Stephanie Herseth Sandlin | South Dakota | December 15, 2008 | 38 | [32] | |
| Linda Sánchez | California | May 13, 2009 | 40 | Unmarried when pregnancy announced, married a month before delivery[33] | |
| Cathy McMorris Rodgers | Washington | December 1, 2010 | 41 | First member to give birth in office twice[34] | |
| Jaime Herrera Beutler | Washington | July 15, 2013 | 34 | [35] | |
| Cathy McMorris Rodgers | Washington | November 24, 2013 | 44 | First member to give birth in office three times[36] | |
| Tammy Duckworth | Illinois | November 18, 2014 | 46 | Would later go on to become the first and thus far only woman to give birth while a sitting US Senator. [37] | |
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ http://www.cawp.rutgers.edu/sites/default/files/resources/18.4.24_pr_lesko_az08.pdf
- ^ "Debbie Lesko officially sworn in, replaces Trent Franks". Ktar.com. 2018. Retrieved 2018-05-08.
- ^ "RANKIN, Jeannette - US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov.
- ^ https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/florence-prag-kahn
- ^ Mariotti, Renato (2013-11-26). "Rep. Vera Buchanan dies in office, Nov. 26, 1955". Politico. Retrieved 2018-04-12.
- ^ "August House Publishers - Atlanta - Children's Book Publisher". August House Publishers - Atlanta - Children's Book Publisher.
- ^ "New Patterns - US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives".
- ^ "Update: First woman to wear pants on House floor, Rep. Charlotte Reid". Washington Post.
- ^ "CHISHOLM, Shirley Anita - US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov.
- ^ "Women in Government: A Slim Past, But a Strong Future". Ebony: 89–92, 96–98. August 1977.
- ^ "BURKE, Yvonne Brathwaite | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov. Retrieved 2016-05-04.
- ^ a b Michelle Cottle is a contributing editor at The Atlantic. (2018-04-19). "Congress Can't Give Up Tradition". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2018-04-27.
- ^ "Ileana Ros-Lehtinen".
- ^ Press, The Associated. "Tommy vs. Tammy rages on: Senate race down to the wire".
- ^ "Tammy Baldwin". Biography.
- ^ "Tammy Baldwin - Candidate for U.S. President, Republican Nomination - Election 2012". WSJ.com.
- ^ Jon M. Shepard (1 January 2012). Cengage Advantage Books: Sociology. Cengage Learning. pp. 293–. ISBN 1-133-71002-6.
- ^ Blumberg, Antonia (7 March 2018). "Nancy Pelosi Donates Historic Speaker's Gavel To The Smithsonian For Women's History Month" – via Huff Post.
- ^ "Women in U.S. House get new restroom near chamber". USA Today. 21 July 2011.
- ^ "Hindu-American Tulsi Gabbard wins Democratic primary in Hawaii". The Economic Times. August 12, 2012.
- ^ Stephen Prothero (2013-01-03). "Column: A Hindu moment for Congress". Usatoday.com. Retrieved 2018-04-27.
- ^ "Women in the United States Congress: 1917-2011" (PDF).
- ^ "The U.S. Made Zero Progress in Adding Women to Congress".
- ^ Parker, Ashley (12 April 2018). "First Day of 113th Congress Brings More Women to Capitol" – via NYTimes.com.
- ^ "Jenniffer Gonzalez, Resident Commissioner for Puerto Rico - Puerto Rico 51st". 30 November 2016. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
- ^ Akers, Mary Ann (November 20, 2008). "Rep. Linda Sanchez Expecting a Baby". Washington Post.
- ^ Foster, David (November 19, 1995). "Ambitious Couple Thrived on Passion for Politics, Each Other : Congress: Enid Greene and Joe Waldholtz seemed born for each other. But his lies over money sabotaged fairy tale, perhaps her career". Associated Press.
- ^ "Susan Molinari". womenincongress.house.gov.
- ^ Geranios, Nicholas K. (April 21, 2007). "Baby in the House: Pregnant congresswoman due to give birth next month". San Diego Union Tribune. Associated Press.
- ^ "It's A Boy". Spokesman Review. April 30, 2007.
- ^ "Son Born to New York Congresswoman". New York Times. Associated Press. May 16, 2008.
- ^ Woster, Kevin (December 16, 2008). "Something we can all agree on: Congratulations!". Rapid City Journal.
- ^ Akers, Mary Ann (May 13, 2009). "New Mama in the House: Linda Sanchez". Washington Post.
- ^ Barone, Michael; Chuck McCutcheon (2011). "Washington/Fifth District". The Almanac of American Politics (2012 ed.). University of Chicago Press, National Journal Group, Inc. pp. 1716–1718. ISBN 978-0-226-03808-7.
- ^ "Republican Rep. Jaime Herrera Beutler celebrates 'miracle' baby girl born with Potter's sequence". New York Daily News. July 29, 2013.
- ^ Korte, Gregory (2013-11-25). "Rep sets congressional record -- mom x 3". USA Today. Retrieved 2014-11-23.
- ^ Skiba, Katherine (November 20, 2014). "Rep. Tammy Duckworth gives birth to daughter". Chicago Tribune.
External linksEdit
- Women in Congress — Companion site to book produced by the Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives
- Associated Press. "Husbands' deaths often propel widows to office". Columbia Daily Tribune, January 22, 2005. Retrieved February 15, 2005. (alternate source, via journalstar.com)
- Maurer, Elizabeth. "Legislating History: 100 Years of Women in Congress". National Women's History Museum. 2017.