Women in the United States House of Representatives
Women have served in the United States House of Representatives since the 1917 entrance of Jeannette Rankin from Montana, a member of the Republican Party. Over 300 (325) women have since served as U.S. Representatives. As of November 2019, there are 101 women in the U.S. House of Representatives (not counting four female territorial delegates), making women 23.2% of the total of U.S. Representatives.[1] Of the 325 women in the US House, 222 have been Democrats (four from U.S. territories) and 103 have been Republicans (two from U.S. territories), one of whom was initially a political independent.
Women have been elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from 46 of the 50 states. The states that have not elected a woman to the U.S. House of Representatives are Alaska, Mississippi, North Dakota and Vermont—though Alaska, Mississippi and North Dakota have elected women to the United States Senate. Women have also been sent to congress from 5 of the 6 territories of the United States; the only Territory that has not sent a woman to the U.S. House of Representatives is the Northern Mariana Islands. California has elected more women to Congress than any other state, with 41 U.S. Representatives elected since 1923. To date, no woman has ever been a former senator, been elected to represent more than one state in non-consecutive elections, switched parties, or served as a third party member in her career (though one was elected as an Independent).
Contents
- 1 Firsts
- 2 Widow's succession
- 3 Number of women
- 4 List of female members
- 4.1 Female members whose service began between 1917 and 1932
- 4.2 Female members whose service began between 1933 and 1942
- 4.3 Female members whose service began between 1943 and 1952
- 4.4 Female members whose service began between 1953 and 1962
- 4.5 Female members whose service began between 1963 and 1972
- 4.6 Female members whose service began between 1973 and 1982
- 4.7 Female members whose service began between 1983 and 1992
- 4.8 Female members whose service began between 1993 and 2002
- 4.9 Female members whose service began between 2003 and 2012
- 4.10 Female members whose service began between 2013 and present
- 5 Pregnancies
- 6 See also
- 7 References
- 8 External links
FirstsEdit
Sometimes called the "Lady of the House", Jeannette Rankin entered the U.S. House of Representatives in 1917 as the first woman in Congress.
Nancy Pelosi, 52nd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (2007–2011, 2019–), the only woman to hold the position.
Jeannette Rankin entered the U.S. House of Representatives in 1917 as the first woman in either chamber of Congress.[2] Florence Prag Kahn entered the U.S. House of Representatives in 1925 as the first Jewish woman in either chamber of Congress.[3]
U.S. Representative Vera Buchanan died in 1955, making her the first woman in either chamber to die in office.[4] Patsy Mink, an Asian American, entered the U.S. House of Representatives in 1965 as the first woman of color in either chamber of Congress.[5][6] U.S. Representative Charlotte Reid became the first woman to wear pants in the U.S. House of Representatives or U.S. Senate in 1969.[7]
Shirley Chisholm entered the U.S. House of Representatives in 1969 as the first African-American woman in either chamber of Congress.[8] In 1973, U.S. Representative Yvonne Brathwaite Burke became the first member of the U.S. House of Representatives or U.S. Senate to give birth while in office, and first person to be granted maternity leave by the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives, with the birth of her daughter Autumn.[9][10]
The gym of the U.S. House of Representatives (with the exception of its swimming pool) first opened to women in 1985, the gym having previously been male-only. The swimming pool opened to women in 2009, the pool having previously been male-only.[11] Barbara Vucanovich entered the U.S. House of Representatives in 1983 as the first Latina in either chamber of Congress.Tammy Baldwin entered the U.S. House of Representatives in 1999 as the first openly gay woman in either chamber of Congress.[12][13][14]
Nancy Pelosi became the first female House Minority Whip in 2002.[15] She went on to become the first and only to date female Speaker of the United States House of Representatives in 2007.[16] Also in 2007, Mazie Hirono entered the U.S. House of Representatives as the first female Buddhist in either chamber of Congress.
In 2011, the U.S. House of Representatives got its first women’s bathroom near the chamber (Room H-211 of the U.S. Capitol).[17] Tulsi Gabbard entered the U.S. House of Representatives in 2013 as the first Hindu person in either chamber of Congress.[18][19] Also in 2013, Kyrsten Sinema entered the U.S. House of Representatives as the first openly bisexual woman in either chamber of Congress.
In the 2018 general elections, there was a wave of firsts elected to the United States House of Representatives for the 116th Congress. A record-breaking 103 women have been elected or re-elected into the United States House of Representatives, causing many to call it the "Year of the Woman".[20] Ilhan Omar and Rashida Tlaib became the first Muslim women ever elected to either house of Congress, with Tlaib the first Palestinian-American woman elected to Congress and Omar the first Somali American of either sex to be elected. Also in this election, Angie Craig became the first lesbian mother to be elected to Congress. Sharice Davids and Deb Haaland became the first Native American women elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez became the youngest woman to be elected into either house of Congress.
Widow's successionEdit
Mae Ella Nolan was the first woman elected to her husband's seat in Congress, which is sometimes known as the widow's succession. In the early years of women in Congress, the seat was held only until the next election and the women retired after that single Congress. She thereby became a placeholder merely finishing out her late husband's elected term. As the years progressed, however, more and more of these widow successors sought re-election. These women began to win their own elections.
38 widows have won their husbands' seats in the House, and eight in the Senate. The only current example is Representative Doris Matsui of California. The most successful example is Margaret Chase Smith of Maine, who served a total of 32 years in both houses and became the first woman elected to both the House and the Senate. She began the end of McCarthyism with a famous speech, "The Declaration of Conscience", became the first major-party female presidential candidate and the first woman to receive votes at a national nominating convention, and was the first (and highest ranking to date) woman to enter the Republican Party Senate leadership (in the third-highest post of Chairwoman of the Senate Republican Conference). The third woman elected to Congress, Winnifred Huck, was similarly elected to her father's seat.
Number of womenEdit
Number of women in the United States House of Representatives and Senate by CongressEdit
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Number of women in the United States Congress (1917–2021):[23][24]
| Congress | Years | in Congress | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| 65th | 1917–1919 | 1 | 0.2% |
| 66th | 1919–1921 | 0 | 0% |
| 67th | 1921–1923 | 4 | 0.7% |
| 68th | 1923–1925 | 1 | 0.2% |
| 69th | 1925–1927 | 3 | 0.6% |
| 70th | 1927–1929 | 5 | 0.9% |
| 71st | 1929–1931 | 9 | 1.7% |
| 72nd | 1931–1933 | 8 | 1.5% |
| 73rd | 1933–1935 | 8 | 1.5% |
| 74th | 1935–1937 | 8 | 1.5% |
| 75th | 1937–1939 | 9 | 1.7% |
| 76th | 1939–1941 | 9 | 1.7% |
| 77th | 1941–1943 | 10 | 1.9% |
| 78th | 1943–1945 | 9 | 1.7% |
| 79th | 1945–1947 | 11 | 2.1% |
| 80th | 1947–1949 | 8 | 1.5% |
| 81st | 1949–1951 | 10 | 1.9% |
| 82nd | 1951–1953 | 11 | 2.1% |
| 83rd | 1953–1955 | 15 | 2.8% |
| 84th | 1955–1957 | 18 | 3.4% |
| 85th | 1957–1959 | 16 | 3.0% |
| 86th | 1959–1961 | 19 | 3.5% |
| 87th | 1961–1963 | 20 | 3.7% |
| 88th | 1963–1965 | 14 | 2.6% |
| 89th | 1965–1967 | 13 | 2.4% |
| 90th | 1967–1969 | 12 | 2.2% |
| 91st | 1969–1971 | 11 | 2.1% |
| 92nd | 1971–1973 | 15 | 2.8% |
| 93rd | 1973–1975 | 16 | 3.0% |
| 94th | 1975–1977 | 19 | 3.6% |
| 95th | 1977–1979 | 20 | 3.7% |
| 96th | 1979–1981 | 17 | 3.2% |
| 97th | 1981–1983 | 23 | 4.3% |
| 98th | 1983–1985 | 24 | 4.5% |
| 99th | 1985–1987 | 25 | 4.7% |
| 100th | 1987–1989 | 26 | 4.9% |
| 101st | 1989–1991 | 31 | 5.8% |
| 102nd | 1991–1993 | 33 | 6.2% |
| 103rd | 1993–1995 | 55 | 10.3% |
| 104th | 1995–1997 | 59 | 11.0% |
| 105th | 1997–1999 | 66 | 12.3% |
| 106th | 1999–2001 | 67 | 12.5% |
| 107th | 2001–2003 | 75 | 14.0% |
| 108th | 2003–2005 | 77 | 14.4% |
| 109th | 2005–2007 | 85 | 15.9% |
| 110th | 2007–2009 | 94 | 17.6% |
| 111th | 2009–2011 | 96 | 17.9% |
| 112th | 2011–2013 | 96 | 17.9% |
| 113th | 2013–2015 | 101[25] | 19.1% |
| 114th | 2015–2017 | 104 | 19.4% |
| 115th | 2017–2019 | 104 | 19.4% |
| 116th | 2019–2021 | 127 | 23.7% |
Number of women in the United States House of Representatives by partyEdit
Notes: "% of party" is taken from voting members at the beginning of the Congress, while numbers and "% of women" include all female House members of the given Congress
| Congress | Years | Women total | Republican | % of women | % of party | Democratic | % of women | % of party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 65th | 1917–1919 | 1 | 1 | 100% | 0.5% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 66th | 1919–1921 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 67th | 1921–1923 | 3 | 3 | 100% | 0.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 68th | 1923–1925 | 1 | 1 | 100% | 0.4% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 69th | 1925–1927 | 3 | 2 | 66.7% | 0.4% | 1 | 33.3% | 0.5% |
| 70th | 1927–1929 | 5 | 3 | 60.0% | 1.3% | 2 | 40.0% | 0.5% |
| 71st | 1929–1931 | 9 | 5 | 55.6% | 1.9% | 4 | 44.4% | 1.8% |
| 72nd | 1931–1933 | 7 | 3 | 42.9% | 1.4% | 4 | 57.1% | 1.4% |
| 73rd | 1933–1935 | 7 | 3 | 42.9% | 1.7% | 4 | 57.1% | 1.0% |
| 74th | 1935–1937 | 6 | 2 | 33.3% | 1.9% | 4 | 66.7% | 1.2% |
| 75th | 1937–1939 | 6 | 1 | 16.7% | 1.1% | 5 | 83.3% | 1.2% |
| 76th | 1939–1941 | 8 | 4 | 50.0% | 1.2% | 4 | 50.0% | 0.8% |
| 77th | 1941–1943 | 9 | 5 | 55.6% | 3.1% | 4 | 44.4% | 0.7% |
| 78th | 1943–1945 | 8 | 6 | 75.0% | 2.9% | 2 | 25.0% | 0.5% |
| 79th | 1945–1947 | 11 | 5 | 45.5% | 2.6% | 6 | 54.5% | 1.7% |
| 80th | 1947–1949 | 7 | 5 | 71.4% | 2.0% | 2 | 28.6% | 1.1% |
| 81st | 1949–1951 | 9 | 4 | 44.4% | 2.3% | 5 | 55.6% | 1.5% |
| 82nd | 1951–1953 | 10 | 6 | 60.0% | 3.0% | 4 | 40.0% | 0.9% |
| 83rd | 1953–1955 | 12 | 7 | 58.3% | 2.7% | 5 | 41.7% | 2.3% |
| 84th | 1955–1957 | 17 | 7 | 41.2% | 3.0% | 10 | 58.8% | 3.4% |
| 85th | 1957–1959 | 15 | 6 | 40.0% | 3.0% | 9 | 60.0% | 3.8% |
| 86th | 1959–1961 | 17 | 8 | 47.1% | 5.2% | 9 | 52.9% | 2.8% |
| 87th | 1961–1963 | 18 | 7 | 38.9% | 3.5% | 11 | 61.1% | 3.4% |
| 88th | 1963–1965 | 12 | 6 | 50.0% | 2.8% | 6 | 50.0% | 2.3% |
| 89th | 1965–1967 | 11 | 4 | 36.4% | 2.9% | 7 | 63.6% | 2.0% |
| 90th | 1967–1969 | 11 | 5 | 45.5% | 2.7% | 6 | 54.5% | 2.4% |
| 91st | 1969–1971 | 10 | 4 | 40.0% | 2.1% | 6 | 60.0% | 2.5% |
| 92nd | 1971–1973 | 13 | 3 | 23.1% | 1.1% | 10 | 76.9% | 3.5% |
| 93rd | 1973–1975 | 16 | 2 | 12.5% | 1.0% | 14 | 87.5% | 5.0% |
| 94th | 1975–1977 | 19 | 5 | 26.3% | 2.8% | 14 | 73.7% | 4.8% |
| 95th | 1977–1979 | 18 | 5 | 27.8% | 3.5% | 13 | 72.2% | 4.5% |
| 96th | 1979–1981 | 16 | 5 | 31.3% | 3.2% | 11 | 68.8% | 4.0% |
| 97th | 1981–1983 | 21 | 10 | 47.6% | 4.7% | 11 | 52.4% | 3.7% |
| 98th | 1983–1985 | 22 | 9 | 40.9% | 5.5% | 13 | 59.1% | 4.4% |
| 99th | 1985–1987 | 23 | 11 | 47.8% | 6.0% | 12 | 52.2% | 4.3% |
| 100th | 1987–1989 | 23 | 11 | 47.8% | 6.0% | 12 | 52.2% | 4.3% |
| 101st | 1989–1991 | 29 | 13 | 44.8% | 6.0% | 16 | 55.2% | 5.6% |
| 102nd | 1991–1993 | 30 | 9 | 30.0% | 5.5% | 21 | 70.0% | 7.0% |
| 103rd | 1993–1995 | 48 | 12 | 25.0% | 6.8% | 36 | 75.0% | 13.6% |
| 104th | 1995–1997 | 50 | 18 | 36.0% | 7.4% | 32 | 64.0% | 14.7% |
| 105th | 1997–1999 | 57 | 18 | 31.6% | 6.6% | 39 | 68.4% | 17.0% |
| 106th | 1999–2001 | 58 | 17 | 29.3% | 7.6% | 41 | 70.7% | 18.5% |
| 107th | 2001–2003 | 62 | 18 | 29.0% | 8.1% | 44 | 71.0% | 19.0% |
| 108th | 2003–2005 | 63 | 21 | 33.3% | 9.2% | 42 | 66.7% | 18.5% |
| 109th | 2005–2007 | 71 | 25 | 35.2% | 9.9% | 46 | 64.8% | 20.9% |
| 110th | 2007–2009 | 78 | 21 | 26.9% | 9.9% | 57 | 73.1% | 20.2% |
| 111th | 2009–2011 | 79 | 17 | 21.5% | 9.6% | 62 | 78.5% | 21.5% |
| 112th | 2011–2013 | 79 | 24 | 30.4% | 9.9% | 55 | 69.6% | 23.8% |
| 113th | 2013–2015 | 82 | 20 | 24.4% | 8.2% | 62 | 75.6% | 29.0% |
| 114th | 2015–2017 | 88 | 23 | 26.2% | 8.9% | 65 | 73.8% | 33.0% |
| 115th | 2017–2019 | 89 | 25 | 25.3% | 8.7% | 64 | 74.7% | 32.0% |
| 116th | 2019–2021 | 102 | 13 | 12.7% | 6.5% | 89 | 87.3% | 37.9% |
Percentage of women by party and yearEdit
List of female membersEdit
This is a complete list of women who have served as U.S. Representatives or delegates of the United States House of Representatives, ordered by seniority. Members are grouped by the apportionment period during which such member commenced serving. This list includes women who served in the past and who continue to serve in the present.
Female members whose service began between 1917 and 1932Edit
| Image | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Years | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Jeannette Rankin (1880–1973) |
Republican | Montana at-large | March 4, 1917 – March 4, 1919 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the 1918 United States Senate election in Montana First woman elected to a national office Voted against declaration of war against Germany in 1941 |
| Montana's 1st | January 3, 1941 – January 3, 1943 |
Retired Only member of Congress to vote against declaration of war against Japan in 1941 | |||
|
Alice Robertson (1854–1931) |
Republican | Oklahoma's 2nd | March 4, 1921 – March 4, 1923 |
Lost reelection First woman to defeat an incumbent congressman |
|
Winnifred Huck (1882–1936) |
Republican | Illinois at-large | November 7, 1922 – March 4, 1923 |
Lost renomination Succeeded her father in a special election First woman incumbent defeated in a primary First woman to win a special election |
|
Mae Nolan (1886–1973) |
Republican | California's 5th | January 23, 1923 – March 4, 1925 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Florence Kahn (1866–1948) |
Republican | California's 4th | March 4, 1925 – January 3, 1937 |
Lost reelection First woman to be reelected First Jewish woman elected Succeeded her husband |
|
Mary Norton (1875–1959) |
Democratic | New Jersey's 12th | March 4, 1925 – March 4, 1933 |
First Democratic woman elected Redistricted |
| New Jersey's 13th | March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1951 |
Retired | |||
|
Edith Rogers (1881–1960) |
Republican | Massachusetts's 5th | June 30, 1925 – September 10, 1960 |
Died in office Succeeded her husband |
|
Katherine G. Langley (1888–1948) |
Republican | Kentucky's 7th | March 4, 1927 – March 4, 1931 |
Retired Succeeded her husband (though not immediately) Daughter of James M. Gudger Jr. |
|
Pearl Oldfield (1876–1962) |
Democratic | Arkansas's 2nd | January 9, 1929 – March 4, 1931 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Ruth McCormick (1880–1944) |
Republican | Illinois at-large | March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1931 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1930 United States Senate election in Illinois Daughter of Mark Hanna |
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|
Ruth Owen (1885–1954) |
Democratic | Florida's 4th | March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933 |
Lost renomination Daughter of William Jennings Bryan Later became United States Ambassador to Denmark |
|
Ruth Pratt (1877–1965) |
Republican | New York's 17th | March 4, 1929 – March 4, 1933 |
Lost reelection |
|
Effiegene Wingo (1883–1962) |
Democratic | Arkansas's 4th | November 4, 1930 – March 4, 1933 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Willa Eslick (1878–1961) |
Democratic | Tennessee's 7th | August 14, 1932 – March 4, 1933 |
Not eligible for reelection having not qualified for nomination Succeeded her husband |
Female members whose service began between 1933 and 1942Edit
| Image | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Years | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Virginia E. Jenckes (1877–1975) |
Democratic | Indiana's 6th | March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1939 |
Lost reelection |
|
Kathryn O'Loughlin-McCarthy (1894–1952) |
Democratic | Kansas's 6th | March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1935 |
Lost reelection |
|
Isabella Greenway (1886–1953) |
Democratic | Arizona at-large | October 2, 1933 – January 3, 1937 |
Retired |
|
Marian W. Clarke (1880–1953) |
Republican | New York's 34th | December 28, 1933 – January 3, 1935 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Caroline O'Day (1869–1943) |
Democratic | New York at-large | January 3, 1935 – January 3, 1943 |
Retired |
|
Nan Honeyman (1881–1970) |
Democratic | Oregon's 3rd | January 3, 1937 – January 3, 1939 |
Lost reelection |
|
Elizabeth Gasque (1886–1989) |
Democratic | South Carolina's 6th | September 13, 1938 – January 3, 1939 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Jessie Sumner (1898–1994) |
Republican | Illinois's 18th | January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1947 |
Retired |
|
Clara G. McMillan (1894–1976) |
Democratic | South Carolina's 1st | November 7, 1939 – January 3, 1941 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Frances P. Bolton (1885–1977) |
Republican | Ohio's 22nd | February 27, 1940 – January 3, 1969 |
Lost reelection Succeeded her husband |
|
Margaret Chase Smith (1897–1995) |
Republican | Maine's 2nd | June 3, 1940 – January 3, 1949 |
Retired to run successfully for the 1948 United States Senate election in Maine Succeeded her husband Later first woman elected to the United States Senate in a general election without previously being appointed, elected in a special election, or succeeding a husband |
|
Florence Gibbs (1890–1964) |
Democratic | Georgia's 8th | October 1, 1940 – January 3, 1941 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Katharine Byron (1903–1976) |
Democratic | Maryland's 6th | May 27, 1941 – January 3, 1943 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Veronica Boland (1899–1982) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 11th | November 3, 1942 – January 3, 1943 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
Female members whose service began between 1943 and 1952Edit
| Image | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Years | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Clare Boothe Luce (1903–1987) |
Republican | Connecticut's 4th | January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1947 |
Retired Later became United States Ambassador to Italy and United States Ambassador to Brazil |
|
Winifred C. Stanley (1909–1996) |
Republican | New York at-large | January 3, 1943 – January 3, 1945 |
Retired |
|
Willa L. Fulmer (1884–1968) |
Democratic | South Carolina's 2nd | November 7, 1944 – January 3, 1945 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Emily Douglas (1899–1994) |
Democratic | Illinois at-large | January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947 |
Lost reelection |
|
Helen Gahagan-Douglas (1900–1980) |
Democratic | California's 14th | January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1951 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1950 United States Senate election in California |
|
Chase G. Woodhouse (1890–1984) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 2nd | January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1947 |
Lost reelection |
| January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951 |
Lost reelection | ||||
|
Helen Mankin (1896–1956) |
Democratic | Georgia's 5th | February 12, 1946 – January 3, 1947 |
Lost renomination |
|
Eliza Pratt (1902–1981) |
Democratic | North Carolina's 8th | May 25, 1946 – January 3, 1947 |
Retired |
|
Georgia Lusk (1893–1971) |
Democratic | New Mexico at-large | January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1949 |
Lost renomination |
|
Katharine St. George (1894–1983) |
Republican | New York's 29th | January 3, 1947 – January 3, 1953 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 28th | January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1963 |
Redistricted | |||
| New York's 27th | January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965 |
Lost reelection | |||
|
Reva Bosone (1895–1983) |
Democratic | Utah's 2nd | January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1953 |
Lost reelection |
|
Cecil M. Harden (1894–1984) |
Republican | Indiana's 6th | January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1959 |
Lost reelection |
|
Edna F. Kelly (1906–1997) |
Democratic | New York's 10th | November 8, 1949 – January 3, 1963 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 12th | January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1969 |
Lost renomination | |||
|
Marguerite S. Church (1892–1990) |
Republican | Illinois's 13th | January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1963 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Ruth Thompson (1887–1970) |
Republican | Michigan's 9th | January 3, 1951 – January 3, 1957 |
Lost renomination |
|
Elizabeth Kee (1895–1975) |
Democratic | West Virginia's 5th | July 17, 1951 – January 3, 1965 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Vera Buchanan (1902–1955) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 33rd | July 24, 1951 – January 3, 1953 |
Succeeded her husband Redistricted |
| Pennsylvania's 30th | January 3, 1953 – November 26, 1955 |
Died in office |
Female members whose service began between 1953 and 1962Edit
| Image | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Years | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gracie Pfost (1906–1965) |
Democratic | Idaho's 1st | January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1963 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1962 United States Senate election in Idaho |
|
Leonor Sullivan (1902–1988) |
Democratic | Missouri's 3rd | January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1977 |
Retired |
|
Elizabeth P. Farrington (1898–1984) |
Republican | Hawaii's at-large | July 31, 1954 – January 3, 1957 |
Lost reelection Succeeded her husband First woman territorial delegate |
|
Iris Blitch (1912–1993) |
Democratic | Georgia's 8th | January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1963 |
Retired |
|
Edith Green (1910–1987) |
Democratic | Oregon's 3rd | January 3, 1955 – December 31, 1974 |
Retired |
|
Martha Griffiths (1912–2003) |
Democratic | Michigan's 17th | January 3, 1955 – December 31, 1974 |
Retired Later became Lieutenant Governor of Michigan |
|
Coya Knutson (1912–1996) |
Democratic | Minnesota's 9th | January 3, 1955 – January 3, 1959 |
Lost reelection |
|
Kathryn E. Granahan (1894–1979) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 2nd | November 6, 1956 – January 3, 1963 |
Retired Succeeded her husband Later became Treasurer of the United States |
|
Florence P. Dwyer (1902–1976) |
Republican | New Jersey's 6th | January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1967 |
Redistricted |
| New Jersey's 12th | January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1973 |
Retired | |||
|
Catherine May (1914–2004) |
Republican | Washington's 4th | January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1971 |
Lost reelection |
|
Edna O. Simpson (1891–1984) |
Republican | Illinois's 20th | January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1961 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Jessica M. Weis (1901–1963) |
Republican | New York's 38th | January 3, 1959 – January 3, 1963 |
Retired |
|
Julia Hansen (1907–1988) |
Democratic | Washington's 3rd | November 8, 1960 – December 31, 1974 |
Retired |
|
Catherine Norrell (1901–1981) |
Democratic | Arkansas's 6th | April 19, 1961 – January 3, 1963 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Louise Reece (1898–1970) |
Republican | Tennessee's 1st | May 16, 1961 – January 3, 1963 |
Retired Succeeded her husband Daughter of Guy D. Goff |
|
Corinne Riley (1893–1979) |
Democratic | South Carolina's 2nd | April 10, 1962 – January 3, 1963 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
Female members whose service began between 1963 and 1972Edit
| Image | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Years | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Charlotte Reid (1913–2007) |
Republican | Illinois's 15th | January 3, 1963 – October 7, 1971 |
Resigned to become a member of the Federal Communications Commission Succeeded her husband as nominee before election |
|
Irene Baker (1901–1994) |
Republican | Tennessee's 2nd | January 7, 1964 – January 3, 1965 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Patsy Mink (1927–2002) |
Democratic | Hawaii's at-large | January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1971 |
Redistricted |
| Hawaii's 2nd | January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1977 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the 1976 United States Senate election in Hawaii First Japanese American woman elected Later became Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs | |||
| September 22, 1990 – September 28, 2002 |
Died in office | ||||
|
Lera Thomas (1900–1993) |
Democratic | Texas's 8th | March 26, 1966 – January 3, 1967 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Margaret Heckler (1931–2018) |
Republican | Massachusetts's 10th | January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1983 |
Lost reelection Later became United States Secretary of Health and Human Services and United States Ambassador to Ireland |
|
Shirley Chisholm (1924–2005) |
Democratic | New York's 12th | January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1983 |
Retired First African American woman elected |
|
Bella Abzug (1920–1998) |
Democratic | New York's 19th | January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 20th | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1977 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the 1976 United States Senate election in New York | |||
|
Ella T. Grasso (1919–1981) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 6th | January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1975 |
Retired to run successfully for Governor of Connecticut Previously served as Connecticut Secretary of State |
|
Louise Day Hicks (1916–2003) |
Democratic | Massachusetts's 9th | January 3, 1971 – January 3, 1973 |
Lost reelection |
|
Elizabeth B. Andrews (1911–2002) |
Democratic | Alabama's 3rd | April 4, 1972 – January 3, 1973 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
Female members whose service began between 1973 and 1982Edit
| Image | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Years | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Yvonne Burke (born 1932) |
Democratic | California's 37th | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1975 |
Redistricted |
| California's 28th | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1979 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for Attorney General of California | |||
|
Marjorie Holt (1920–2018) |
Republican | Maryland's 4th | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1987 |
Retired |
|
Elizabeth Holtzman (born 1941) |
Democratic | New York's 16th | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1981 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1980 United States Senate election in New York |
|
Barbara Jordan (1936–1996) |
Democratic | Texas's 18th | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1979 |
Retired |
|
Pat Schroeder (born 1940) |
Democratic | Colorado's 1st | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1997 |
Retired |
|
Lindy Boggs (1916–2013) |
Democratic | Louisiana's 2nd | March 20, 1973 – January 3, 1991 |
Retired Succeeded her husband Later became United States Ambassador to the Holy See |
|
Cardiss Collins (1931–2013) |
Democratic | Illinois's 7th | June 5, 1973 – January 3, 1997 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Millicent Fenwick (1910–1992) |
Republican | New Jersey's 5th | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1983 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1982 United States Senate election in New Jersey Daughter of Ogden H. Hammond Later became United States Ambassador to the United Nations Agencies for Food and Agriculture |
|
Martha Keys (born 1930) |
Democratic | Kansas's 2nd | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1979 |
Lost reelection |
|
Marilyn Lloyd (1929–2018) |
Democratic | Tennessee's 3rd | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1995 |
Retired Succeeded her husband as nominee before election |
|
Virginia D. Smith (1911–2006) |
Republican | Nebraska's 3rd | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1991 |
Retired |
|
Gladys Spellman (1918–1988) |
Democratic | Maryland's 5th | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1981 |
After suffering a debilitating heart attack and slipping into a comatose state, her seat was declared vacant by the House |
|
Helen Stevenson-Meyner (1929–1997) |
Democratic | New Jersey's 13th | January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1979 |
Lost reelection |
|
Shirley Pettis (1924–2016) |
Republican | California's 37th | April 29, 1975 – January 3, 1979 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Barbara Mikulski (born 1936) |
Democratic | Maryland's 3rd | January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1987 |
Retired to run successfully for the 1986 United States Senate election in Maryland |
|
Mary Oakar (born 1940) |
Democratic | Ohio's 20th | January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1993 |
Lost reelection |
|
Beverly Byron (born 1932) |
Democratic | Maryland's 6th | January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1993 |
Lost renomination Succeeded her husband |
|
Geraldine Ferraro (1935–2011) |
Democratic | New York's 9th | January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1985 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully as the Democrat nominee for Vice President of the United States during the 1984 United States presidential election Later became United States Ambassador to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights |
|
Olympia Snowe (born 1947) |
Republican | Maine's 2nd | January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1995 |
Retired to run successfully for the 1994 United States Senate election in Maine |
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|
Bobbi Fiedler (1937–2019) |
Republican | California's 21st | January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1987 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the 1986 United States Senate election in California |
|
Lynn Morley-Martin (born 1939) |
Republican | Illinois's 16th | January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1991 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1990 United States Senate election in Illinois Later became United States Secretary of Labor |
|
Marge Roukema (1929–2014) |
Republican | New Jersey's 7th | January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1983 |
Redistricted |
| New Jersey's 5th | January 3, 1983 – January 3, 2003 |
Retired | |||
|
Claudine Schneider (born 1947) |
Republican | Rhode Island's 2nd | January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1991 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1990 United States Senate election in Rhode Island |
|
Barbara B. Kennelly (born 1936) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 1st | January 12, 1982 – January 3, 1999 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Connecticut gubernatorial election, 1998 Previously served as Connecticut Secretary of State |
|
Jean Spencer-Ashbrook (born 1934) |
Republican | Ohio's 17th | June 29, 1982 – January 3, 1983 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Katie Hall (1938–2012) |
Democratic | Indiana's 1st | November 2, 1982 – January 3, 1985 |
Lost renomination |
Female members whose service began between 1983 and 1992Edit
| Image | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Years | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Barbara Boxer (born 1940) |
Democratic | California's 6th | January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1993 |
Retired to run successfully for the 1992 United States Senate election in California |
|
Nancy Johnson (born 1935) |
Republican | Connecticut's 6th | January 3, 1983 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| Connecticut's 5th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007 |
Lost reelection | |||
|
Marcy Kaptur (born 1946) |
Democratic | Ohio's 9th | January 3, 1983 – present |
|
|
Barbara Vucanovich (1921–2013) |
Republican | Nevada's 2nd | January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1997 |
Retired First Hispanic woman elected |
|
Sala Burton (1925–1987) |
Democratic | California's 5th | June 21, 1983 – February 1, 1987 |
Died in office Succeeded her husband |
|
Helen Delich-Bentley (1923–2016) |
Republican | Maryland's 2nd | January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1995 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the Maryland gubernatorial election, 1994 |
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|
Jan Meyers (1928–2019) |
Republican | Kansas's 3rd | January 3, 1985 – January 3, 1997 |
Retired |
|
Catherine Small-Long (born 1924) |
Democratic | Louisiana's 8th | March 30, 1985 – January 3, 1987 |
Retired Succeeded her husband |
|
Connie Morella (born 1931) |
Republican | Maryland's 8th | January 3, 1987 – January 3, 2003 |
Lost reelection Later became United States Ambassador to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
|
Liz J. Patterson (1939–2018) |
Democratic | South Carolina's 4th | January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1993 |
Lost reelection Daughter of Olin D. Johnston |
|
Pat Saiki (born 1930) |
Republican | Hawaii's 1st | January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1991 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the United States Senate special election in Hawaii, 1990 Later became Administrator of the Small Business Administration |
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|
Louise Slaughter (1929–2018) |
Democratic | New York's 30th | January 3, 1987 – January 3, 1993 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 28th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted | |||
| New York's 25th | January 3, 2013 – March 16, 2018 |
Died in office | |||
|
Nancy Pelosi (born 1940) |
Democratic | California's 5th | June 2, 1987 – January 3, 1993 |
Redistricted |
| California's 8th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
First woman party leader First woman Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Redistricted | |||
| California's 12th | January 3, 2013 – present |
Elected Speaker Again | |||
|
Nita Lowey (born 1937) |
Democratic | New York's 20th | January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1993 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 18th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted | |||
| New York's 17th | January 3, 2013 – present |
First female Chair of the House Appropriations Committee | |||
|
Jolene Unsoeld (born 1931) |
Democratic | Washington's 3rd | January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Jill Long-Thompson (born 1952) |
Democratic | Indiana's 4th | March 20, 1989 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
|
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (born 1952) |
Republican | Florida's 18th | August 29, 1989 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| Florida's 27th | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2019 |
Retired | |||
|
Susan Molinari (born 1958) |
Republican | New York's 14th | March 20, 1990 – January 3, 1993 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 13th | January 3, 1993 – August 2, 1997 |
Resigned to become co-host of CBS This Morning Daughter of Guy Molinari | |||
|
Barbara-Rose Collins (born 1939) |
Democratic | Michigan's 13th | January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993 |
Redistricted |
| Michigan's 15th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1997 |
Lost renomination | |||
|
Rosa DeLauro (born 1943) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 3rd | January 3, 1991 – present |
|
|
Eleanor Holmes-Norton (born 1937) |
Democratic | DC at-large | January 3, 1991 – present |
|
|
Joan Horn (born 1936) |
Democratic | Missouri's 2nd | January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993 |
Lost reelection |
|
Maxine Waters (born 1938) |
Democratic | California's 29th | January 3, 1991 – January 3, 1993 |
Redistricted |
| California's 35th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted | |||
| California's 43rd | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Eva M. Clayton (born 1934) |
Democratic | North Carolina's 1st | November 3, 1992 – January 3, 2003 |
Retired |
Female members whose service began between 1993 and 2002Edit
| Image | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Years | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Corrine Brown (born 1946) |
Democratic | Florida's 3rd | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| Florida's 5th | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2017 |
Lost renomination | |||
|
Leslie L. Byrne (born 1946) |
Democratic | Virginia's 11th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
|
Maria Cantwell (born 1958) |
Democratic | Washington's 1st | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection Later ran successfully for the 2000 United States Senate election in Washington |
|
Pat Danner (born 1934) |
Democratic | Missouri's 6th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2001 |
Retired |
|
Jennifer Dunn (1941–2007) |
Republican | Washington's 8th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2005 |
Retired |
|
Karan English (born 1949) |
Democratic | Arizona's 6th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
|
Anna Eshoo (born 1942) |
Democratic | California's 14th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 18th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Tillie K. Fowler (1942–2005) |
Republican | Florida's 4th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2001 |
Retired |
|
Elizabeth Furse (born 1936) |
Democratic | Oregon's 1st | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1999 |
Retired |
|
Jane Harman (born 1945) |
Democratic | California's 36th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1999 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the California gubernatorial election, 1998 |
| January 3, 2001 – February 28, 2011 |
Resigned to become the Director, President, and Chief Executive Officer of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars | ||||
|
Eddie Johnson (born 1936) |
Democratic | Texas's 30th | January 3, 1993 – present |
|
|
Blanche Lincoln (born 1960) |
Democratic | Arkansas's 1st | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1997 |
Retired Later ran successfully for the 1998 United States Senate election in Arkansas |
|
Carolyn Maloney (born 1946) |
Democratic | New York's 14th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 12th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Marjorie Margolies (born 1942) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 13th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
|
Cynthia McKinney (born 1955) |
Democratic | Georgia's 11th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1997 |
Redistricted |
| Georgia's 4th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2003 |
Lost renomination | |||
| January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2007 |
Lost renomination Ran for President of the United States as the nominee of the Green Party for the 2008 United States presidential election | ||||
|
Carrie P. Meek (born 1926) |
Democratic | Florida's 17th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2003 |
Retired |
|
Deborah Pryce (born 1951) |
Republican | Ohio's 15th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2009 |
Retired |
|
Lucille Roybal-Allard (born 1941) |
Democratic | California's 33rd | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2003 |
Retired Daughter of Edward R. Roybal |
| California's 34th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted | |||
| California's 40th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Lynn Schenk (born 1945) |
Democratic | California's 49th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
|
Karen Shepherd (born 1940) |
Democratic | Utah's 2nd | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 1995 |
Lost reelection |
|
Karen Thurman (born 1951) |
Democratic | Florida's 5th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2003 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Nydia Velázquez (born 1953) |
Democratic | New York's 12th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 7th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Lynn Woolsey (born 1937) |
Democratic | California's 6th | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
Retired |
|
Helen Chenoweth-Hage (1938–2006) |
Republican | Idaho's 1st | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2001 |
Retired |
|
Barbara Cubin (born 1946) |
Republican | Wyoming's at-large | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2009 |
Retired |
|
Enid Greene (born 1958) |
Republican | Utah's 2nd | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997 |
Retired |
|
Sheila Jackson-Lee (born 1950) |
Democratic | Texas's 18th | January 3, 1995 – present |
|
|
Sue Kelly (born 1936) |
Republican | New York's 19th | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2007 |
Lost reelection |
|
Zoe Lofgren (born 1947) |
Democratic | California's 16th | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 19th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Karen McCarthy (1947–2010) |
Democratic | Missouri's 5th | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2005 |
Retired |
|
Sue Myrick (born 1941) |
Republican | North Carolina's 9th | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2013 |
Retired |
|
Lynn N. Rivers (born 1956) |
Democratic | Michigan's 13th | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 2003 |
Lost renomination |
|
Andrea Seastrand (born 1941) |
Republican | California's 22nd | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997 |
Lost reelection |
|
Linda Smith (born 1950) |
Republican | Washington's 3rd | January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1999 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1998 United States Senate election in Washington |
|
Juanita Millender-McDonald (1938–2007) |
Democratic | California's 37th | March 26, 1996 – April 22, 2007 |
Died in office |
|
Jo Ann Emerson (born 1950) |
Republican | Missouri's 8th | November 5, 1996 – January 3, 1997 |
Succeeded her husband |
| Independent | January 3, 1997 – January 8, 1997 |
First woman elected as an Independent or from a third party Changed parties | |||
| Republican | January 8, 1997 – January 22, 2013 |
Resigned to become the President and Chief Executive Officer of the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association | |||
|
Julia Carson (1938–2007) |
Democratic | Indiana's 10th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| Indiana's 7th | January 3, 2003 – December 15, 2007 |
Died in office | |||
|
Carolyn Cheeks-Kilpatrick (born 1945) |
Democratic | Michigan's 15th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| Michigan's 13th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost renomination | |||
|
Donna Christian-Christensen (born 1945) |
Democratic | U.S. Virgin Island's at-large | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2014 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election |
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|
Diana DeGette (born 1957) |
Democratic | Colorado's 1st | January 3, 1997 – present |
|
|
Kay Granger (born 1943) |
Republican | Texas's 12th | January 3, 1997 – present |
|
|
Darlene Hooley (born 1939) |
Democratic | Oregon's 5th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2009 |
Retired |
|
Carolyn McCarthy (born 1944) |
Democratic | New York's 4th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired |
|
Anne Northup (born 1948) |
Republican | Kentucky's 3rd | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2007 |
Lost reelection |
|
Loretta Sánchez (born 1960) |
Democratic | California's 46th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| California's 47th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted | |||
| California's 46th | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2017 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2016 United States Senate election in California | |||
|
Debbie Stabenow (born 1950) |
Democratic | Michigan's 8th | January 3, 1997 – January 3, 2001 |
Retired to run successfully for the 2000 United States Senate election in Michigan |
|
Ellen Tauscher (1951–2019) |
Democratic | California's 10th | January 3, 1997 – June 26, 2009 |
Resigned to become Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs |
|
Lois Capps (born 1938) |
Democratic | California's 22nd | March 10, 1998 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| California's 23rd | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted | |||
| California's 24th | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2017 |
Retired Succeeded her husband | |||
|
Mary Bono (born 1961) |
Republican | California's 44th | April 7, 1998 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| California's 45th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection Succeeded her husband | |||
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|
Barbara Lee (born 1946) |
Democratic | California's 9th | April 7, 1998 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 13th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Heather Wilson (born 1960) |
Republican | New Mexico's 1st | June 25, 1998 – January 3, 2009 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the 2008 United States Senate election in New Mexico Later became Secretary of the Air Force |
|
Tammy Baldwin (born 1962) |
Democratic | Wisconsin's 2nd | January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2013 |
Retired to run successfully for the 2012 United States Senate election in Wisconsin |
|
Shelley Berkley (born 1951) |
Democratic | Nevada's 1st | January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2013 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2012 United States Senate election in Nevada |
|
Judy Biggert (born 1937) |
Republican | Illinois's 13th | January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Grace Napolitano (born 1936) |
Democratic | California's 34th | January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| California's 38th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted | |||
| California's 32nd | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
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|
Jan Schakowsky (born 1944) |
Democratic | Illinois's 9th | January 3, 1999 – present |
|
|
Stephanie Tubbs Jones (1949–2008) |
Democratic | Ohio's 11th | January 3, 1999 – August 20, 2008 |
Died in office |
|
Jo Ann Davis (1950–2007) |
Republican | Virginia's 1st | January 3, 2001 – October 6, 2007 |
Died in office |
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|
Susan Davis (born 1944) |
Democratic | California's 49th | January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| California's 53rd | January 3, 2003 – present |
||||
|
Melissa Hart (born 1962) |
Republican | Pennsylvania's 4th | January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2007 |
Lost reelection |
|
Betty McCollum (born 1954) |
Democratic | Minnesota's 4th | January 3, 2001 – present |
|
|
Shelley Moore-Capito (born 1953) |
Republican | West Virginia's 2nd | January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired to run successfully for the 2014 United States Senate election in West Virginia |
|
Hilda Solis (born 1957) |
Democratic | California's 31st | January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| California's 32nd | January 3, 2003 – February 24, 2009 |
Resigned to become United States Secretary of Labor | |||
|
Diane Watson (born 1933) |
Democratic | California's 32nd | June 5, 2001 – January 3, 2003 |
Redistricted |
| California's 33rd | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2011 |
Retired Previously served as United States Ambassador to Micronesia |
Female members whose service began between 2003 and 2012Edit
| Image | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Years | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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|
Marsha Blackburn (born 1952) |
Republican | Tennessee's 7th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2019 |
Retired to run successfully for the 2018 United States Senate election in Tennessee |
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|
Madeleine Bordallo (born 1933) |
Democratic | Guam's at-large | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2019 |
Lost renomination Previously served as Lieutenant Governor of Guam |
|
Ginny Brown-Waite (born 1943) |
Republican | Florida's 5th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2011 |
Retired |
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|
Katherine Harris (born 1957) |
Republican | Florida's 13th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2006 United States Senate election in Florida Previously served as Florida Secretary of State |
|
Denise Majette (born 1955) |
Democratic | Georgia's 4th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2005 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2004 United States Senate election in Georgia |
|
Candice Miller (born 1954) |
Republican | Michigan's 10th | January 3, 2003 – January 1, 2017 |
Retired to run successfully for Public Works Commissioner of Macomb County Previously served as Michigan Secretary of State |
|
Marilyn Musgrave (born 1949) |
Republican | Colorado's 4th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2009 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Linda Sánchez (born 1969) |
Democratic | California's 39th | January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 38th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Stephanie Herseth-Sandlin (born 1970) |
Democratic | South Dakota's at-large | June 1, 2004 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
|
Melissa Bean (born 1962) |
Democratic | Illinois's 8th | January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
|
Thelma Drake (born 1949) |
Republican | Virginia's 2nd | January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2009 |
Lost reelection |
|
Virginia Foxx (born 1944) |
Republican | North Carolina's 5th | January 3, 2005 – present |
|
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|
Cathy McMorris-Rodgers (born 1969) |
Republican | Washington's 5th | January 3, 2005 – present |
|
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|
Gwen Moore (born 1951) |
Democratic | Wisconsin's 4th | January 3, 2005 – present |
|
|
Allyson Schwartz (born 1948) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 13th | January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the 2014 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election |
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|
Debbie Wasserman-Schultz (born 1966) |
Democratic | Florida's 20th | January 3, 2005 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| Florida's 23rd | January 3, 2013 – present |
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|
Doris Matsui (born 1944) |
Democratic | California's 5th | March 3, 2005 – January 3, 2013 |
Succeeded her husband Redistricted |
| California's 6th | January 3, 2013 – present |
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|
Jean Schmidt (born 1951) |
Republican | Ohio's 2nd | September 6, 2005 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost renomination |
|
Shelley Sekula-Gibbs (born 1953) |
Republican | Texas's 22nd | November 13, 2006 – January 3, 2007 |
Lost election to full term |
|
Michele Bachmann (born 1956) |
Republican | Minnesota's 6th | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired |
|
Nancy Boyda (born 1955) |
Democratic | Kansas's 2nd | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2009 |
Lost reelection |
|
Kathy Castor (born 1966) |
Democratic | Florida's 11th | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| Florida's 14th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Yvette Clarke (born 1964) |
Democratic | New York's 11th | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| New York's 9th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Mary Fallin (born 1954) |
Republican | Oklahoma's 5th | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2011 |
Retired to run successfully for the 2010 Oklahoma gubernatorial election Previously served as Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma |
|
Gabrielle Giffords (born 1970) |
Democratic | Arizona's 8th | January 3, 2007 – January 25, 2012 |
Resigned due to the injuries of being shot in the head at close range during an assassination attempt during the 2011 Tucson shooting |
|
Kirsten Gillibrand (born 1966) |
Democratic | New York's 20th | January 3, 2007 – January 25, 2009 |
Resigned to accept appointment to the United States Senate Later ran successfully for the 2010 United States Senate special election in New York |
|
Mazie Hirono (born 1947) |
Democratic | Hawaii's 2nd | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013 |
Retired to run successfully for the 2012 United States Senate election in Hawaii |
|
Laura Richardson (born 1962) |
Democratic | California's 37th | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection |
|
Carol Shea-Porter (born 1952) |
Democratic | New Hampshire's 1st | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
| January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015 |
Lost reelection | ||||
| January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019 |
Retired | ||||
|
Betty Sutton (born 1963) |
Democratic | Ohio's 13th | January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Niki Tsongas (born 1946) |
Democratic | Massachusetts's 5th | October 16, 2007 – January 3, 2013 |
Succeeded her husband (though not immediately) Redistricted |
| Massachusetts's 3rd | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2019 |
Retired | |||
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|
Jackie Speier (born 1950) |
Democratic | California's 12th | April 8, 2008 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 14th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Donna Edwards (born 1958) |
Democratic | Maryland's 4th | June 17, 2008 – January 3, 2017 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the 2016 United States Senate election in Maryland |
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|
Marcia Fudge (born 1952) |
Democratic | Ohio's 11th | November 18, 2008 – present |
|
|
Kathy Dahlkemper (born 1957) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 3rd | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
|
Debbie Halvorson (born 1958) |
Democratic | Illinois's 11th | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
|
Lynn Jenkins (born 1963) |
Republican | Kansas's 2nd | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2019 |
Retired Previously served as Kansas Treasurer |
|
Mary Jo Kilroy (born 1949) |
Democratic | Ohio's 15th | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Ann Kirkpatrick (born 1950) |
Democratic | Arizona's 1st | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
| January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2017 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2016 United States Senate election in Arizona | ||||
| Arizona's 2nd | January 3, 2019 – present |
||||
|
Suzanne Kosmas (born 1944) |
Democratic | Florida's 24th | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
|
Cynthia Lummis (born 1954) |
Republican | Wyoming's at-large | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2017 |
Retired Previously served as Wyoming Treasurer |
|
Betsy Markey (born 1956) |
Democratic | Colorado's 4th | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
|
Chellie Pingree (born 1955) |
Democratic | Maine's 1st | January 3, 2009 – present |
|
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|
Dina Titus (born 1950) |
Democratic | Nevada's 3rd | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2011 |
Lost reelection |
| Nevada's 1st | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Judy Chu (born 1953) |
Democratic | California's 32nd | June 19, 2009 – January 3, 2013 |
First Chinese American woman elected Redistricted |
| California's 27th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Sandy Adams (born 1956) |
Republican | Florida's 24th | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost renomination |
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|
Karen Bass (born 1953) |
Democratic | California's 33rd | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 37th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Diane Black (born 1951) |
Republican | Tennessee's 6th | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2019 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the 2018 Tennessee gubernatorial election |
|
Ann Marie Buerkle (born 1951) |
Republican | New York's 25th | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection |
|
Renee Ellmers (born 1964) |
Republican | North Carolina's 2nd | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2017 |
Lost renomination |
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|
Colleen Hanabusa (born 1951) |
Democratic | Hawaii's 1st | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the 2014 United States Senate special election in Hawaii |
| November 14, 2016 – January 3, 2019 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the 2018 Hawaii gubernatorial election | ||||
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|
Vicky Hartzler (born 1960) |
Republican | Missouri's 4th | January 3, 2011 – present |
|
|
Nan Hayworth (born 1959) |
Republican | New York's 19th | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection |
|
Jaime Herrera-Beutler (born 1978) |
Republican | Washington's 3rd | January 3, 2011 – present |
|
|
Kristi Noem (born 1971) |
Republican | South Dakota's at-large | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2019 |
Retired to run successfully for the 2018 South Dakota gubernatorial election |
|
Martha Roby (born 1976) |
Republican | Alabama's 2nd | January 3, 2011 – present |
|
|
Terri Sewell (born 1965) |
Democratic | Alabama's 7th | January 3, 2011 – present |
|
|
Frederica Wilson (born 1942) |
Democratic | Florida's 17th | January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| Florida's 24th | January 3, 2013 – present |
||||
|
Kathy Hochul (born 1958) |
Democratic | New York's 26th | June 1, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Lost reelection Later became Lieutenant Governor of New York |
|
Janice Hahn (born 1952) |
Democratic | California's 36th | July 12, 2011 – January 3, 2013 |
Redistricted |
| California's 44th | January 3, 2013 – December 4, 2016 |
Retired to run successfully for Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors | |||
|
Suzanne Bonamici (born 1954) |
Democratic | Oregon's 1st | January 21, 2012 – present |
|
|
Suzan DelBene (born 1962) |
Democratic | Washington's 1st | November 6, 2012 – present |
Female members whose service began between 2013 and presentEdit
| Image | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Years | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Joyce Beatty (born 1950) |
Democratic | Ohio's 3rd | January 3, 2013 – present |
|
|
Susan Brooks (born 1960) |
Republican | Indiana's 5th | January 3, 2013 – present |
Previously served as United States Attorney for the Southern District of Indiana |
|
Julia Brownley (born 1952) |
Democratic | California's 26th | January 3, 2013 – present |
|
|
Cheri Bustos (born 1961) |
Democratic | Illinois's 17th | January 3, 2013 – present |
|
|
Tammy Duckworth (born 1968) |
Democratic | Illinois's 8th | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2017 |
Retired to run successfully for the 2016 United States Senate election in Illinois Previously served as Assistant Secretary of Veterans Affairs for Public and Intergovernmental Affairs |
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|
Elizabeth Esty (born 1959) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 5th | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2019 |
Retired |
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|
Lois Frankel (born 1948) |
Democratic | Florida's 21st | January 3, 2013 – present |
|
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|
Tulsi Gabbard (born 1981) |
Democratic | Hawaii's 2nd | January 3, 2013 – present |
First Hindu elected to Congress |
|
Michelle Lujan-Grisham (born 1959) |
Democratic | New Mexico's 1st | January 3, 2013 – December 31, 2018 |
Resigned to become Governor of New Mexico |
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|
Ann McLane-Kuster (born 1956) |
Democratic | New Hampshire's 2nd | January 3, 2013 – present |
|
|
Grace Meng (born 1975) |
Democratic | New York's 6th | January 3, 2013 – present |
|
|
Gloria Negrete-McLeod (born 1941) |
Democratic | California's 35th | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2015 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors |
|
Kyrsten Sinema (born 1976) |
Democratic | Arizona's 9th | January 3, 2013 – January 3, 2019 |
Retired to run successfully for the 2018 United States Senate election in Arizona First openly bisexual woman elected |
|
Ann Wagner (born 1962) |
Republican | Missouri's 2nd | January 3, 2013 – present |
Previously served as United States Ambassador to Luxembourg |
|
Jackie Walorski (born 1963) |
Republican | Indiana's 2nd | January 3, 2013 – present |
|
|
Robin Kelly (born 1956) |
Democratic | Illinois's 2nd | April 11, 2013 – present |
|
|
Katherine Clark (born 1963) |
Democratic | Massachusetts's 5th | December 10, 2013 – present |
|
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|
Alma Adams (born 1946) |
Democratic | North Carolina's 12th | November 12, 2014 – present |
|
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|
Barbara Comstock (born 1959) |
Republican | Virginia's 10th | January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2019 |
Lost reelection |
|
Debbie Dingell (born 1953) |
Democratic | Michigan's 12th | January 3, 2015 – present |
Succeeded her husband First woman to succeed her husband while he is still alive |
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|
Gwen Graham (born 1963) |
Democratic | Florida's 2nd | January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2017 |
Retired Daughter of Bob Graham |
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|
Brenda Lawrence (born 1954) |
Democratic | Michigan's 14th | January 3, 2015 – present |
|
|
Mia Love (born 1975) |
Republican | Utah's 4th | January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2019 |
Lost reelection First African-American Republican woman elected to Congress |
|
Martha McSally (born 1966) |
Republican | Arizona's 2nd | January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2019 |
Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2018 United States Senate election in Arizona Later appointed to the United States Senate |
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|
Stacey Plaskett (born 1966) |
Democratic | U.S. Virgin Island's at-large | January 3, 2015 – present |
|
|
Amata Radewagen (born 1947) |
Republican | American Samoa's at-large | January 3, 2015 – present |
First woman to represent American Samoa in the U.S. Congress[26][27] |
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|
Kathleen Rice (born 1965) |
Democratic | New York's 4th | January 3, 2015 – present |
|
|
Elise Stefanik (born 1984) |
Republican | New York's 21st | January 3, 2015 – present |
|
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|
Norma Torres (born 1965) |
Democratic | California's 35th | January 3, 2015 – present |
|
|
Mimi Walters (born 1962) |
Republican | California's 45th | January 3, 2015 – January 3, 2019 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Bonnie Watson-Coleman (born 1945) |
Democratic | New Jersey's 12th | January 3, 2015 – present |
|
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|
Nanette Barragán (born 1976) |
Democratic | California's 44th | January 3, 2017 – present |
|
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|
Lisa Blunt-Rochester (born 1962) |
Democratic | Delaware at-large | January 3, 2017 – present |
|
|
Liz Cheney (born 1966) |
Republican | Wyoming's at-large | January 3, 2017 – present |
Daughter of Dick Cheney |
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|
Val Demings (born 1957) |
Democratic | Florida's 10th | January 3, 2017 – present |
|
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|
Jenniffer González (born 1976) |
Republican | Puerto Rico's at-large | January 3, 2017 – present |
First woman to represent Puerto Rico in the U.S. Congress.[28] |
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|
Pramila Jayapal (born 1965) |
Democratic | Washington's 7th | January 3, 2017 – present |
First Indian American woman elected |
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|
Stephanie Murphy (born 1978) |
Democratic | Florida's 7th | January 3, 2017 – present |
First Vietnamese American woman elected |
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|
Jacky Rosen (born 1957) |
Democratic | Nevada's 3rd | January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019 |
Retired to run successfully for the 2018 United States Senate election in Nevada |
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|
Claudia Tenney (born 1961) |
Republican | New York's 22nd | January 3, 2017 – January 3, 2019 |
Lost reelection |
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|
Karen Handel (born 1962) |
Republican | Georgia's 6th | June 26, 2017 – January 3, 2019 |
Lost reelection Previously served as Georgia Secretary of State |
|
Debbie Lesko (born 1958) |
Republican | Arizona's 8th | May 7, 2018 – present |
|
|
Mary Gay Scanlon (born 1959) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 7th | November 13, 2018 – January 3, 2019 |
Redistricted |
| Pennsylvania's 5th | January 3, 2019 – present |
||||
|
Susan Wild (born 1957) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 15th | November 27, 2018 – January 3, 2019 |
Redistricted |
| Pennsylvania's 7th | January 3, 2019 – present |
||||
|
Brenda Jones (born 1959) |
Democratic | Michigan's 13th | November 29, 2018 – January 3, 2019 |
Term expired |
|
Cindy Axne (born 1965) |
Democratic | Iowa's 3rd | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Angie Craig (born 1972) |
Democratic | Minnesota's 2nd | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Sharice Davids (born 1980) |
Democratic | Kansas's 3rd | January 3, 2019 – present |
One of the first two Native American women (alongside Deb Haaland) elected to Congress |
|
Madeleine Dean (born 1959) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 4th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Veronica Escobar (born 1969) |
Democratic | Texas's 16th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Abby Finkenauer (born 1988) |
Democratic | Iowa's 1st | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Lizzie Fletcher (born 1975) |
Democratic | Texas's 7th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Sylvia Garcia (born 1950) |
Democratic | Texas's 29th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Deb Haaland (born 1960) |
Democratic | New Mexico's 1st | January 3, 2019 – present |
One of the first two Native American women (alongside Sharice Davids) elected to Congress |
|
Jahana Hayes (born 1973) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 5th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Katie Hill (born 1987) |
Democratic | California's 25th | January 3, 2019 – November 3, 2019 |
Resigned amid allegations of inappropriate sexual relationships[29] |
|
Kendra Horn (born 1976) |
Democratic | Oklahoma's 5th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Chrissy Houlahan (born 1968) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 6th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Susie Lee (born 1966) |
Democratic | Nevada's 3rd | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Elaine Luria (born 1975) |
Democratic | Virginia's 2nd | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Lucy McBath (born 1960) |
Democratic | Georgia's 6th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Carol Miller (born 1950) |
Republican | West Virginia's 3rd | January 3, 2019 – present |
Daughter of Samuel L. Devine |
|
Debbie Mucarsel-Powell (born 1971) |
Democratic | Florida's 26th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (born 1989) |
Democratic | New York's 14th | January 3, 2019 – present |
Youngest woman elected to Congress (at age 29) |
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|
Ilhan Omar (born 1981) |
Democratic | Minnesota's 5th | January 3, 2019 – present |
One of the first two Muslim women (alongside Rashida Tlaib) and first Somali American elected to Congress |
|
Katie Porter (born 1974) |
Democratic | California's 45th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Ayanna Pressley (born 1974) |
Democratic | Massachusetts's 7th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Kim Schrier (born 1968) |
Democratic | Washington's 8th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Donna Shalala (born 1941) |
Democratic | Florida's 27th | January 3, 2019 – present |
Previously served as United States Secretary of Health and Human Services |
|
Mikie Sherrill (born 1972) |
Democratic | New Jersey's 11th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Elissa Slotkin (born 1976) |
Democratic | Michigan's 8th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Abigail Spanberger (born 1979) |
Democratic | Virginia's 7th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Haley Stevens (born 1983) |
Democratic | Michigan's 11th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Rashida Tlaib (born 1976) |
Democratic | Michigan's 13th | January 3, 2019 – present |
One of the first two Muslim women (alongside Ilhan Omar) and the first Palestinian-American woman elected to Congress |
|
Xochitl Torres Small (born 1984) |
Democratic | New Mexico's 2nd | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Lori Trahan (born 1973) |
Democratic | Massachusetts's 3rd | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
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|
Lauren Underwood (born 1986) |
Democratic | Illinois's 14th | January 3, 2019 – present |
|
|
Jennifer Wexton (born 1968) |
Democratic | Virginia's 10th | January 3, 2019 – present |
PregnanciesEdit
There have been ten female members of the House of Representatives who were pregnant and gave birth at least once during their tenure (two members three times).[30]
| Representatives who have been pregnant while in office | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Congresswoman | State | Party | Date of delivery | Mother's age | Notes |
| Yvonne Brathwaite Burke | California | Democratic | November 23, 1973 | 41 | The daughter, Autumn Burke, became notable in her own right. |
| Enid Greene Waldholtz | Utah | Republican | August 31, 1995 | 37 | [31] |
| Susan Molinari | New York | Republican | May 10, 1996 | 38 | The child's father was fellow congressman Bill Paxon.[32] |
| Blanche Lincoln | Arkansas | Democratic | June 1996 | 35 | Chose not to run for re-election due to the pregnancy. Gave birth to twin boys.[33] |
| Cathy McMorris Rodgers | Washington | Republican | April 29, 2007 | 37 | [34] |
| Kirsten Gillibrand | New York | Democratic | May 15, 2008 | 41 | [35] |
| Stephanie Herseth Sandlin | South Dakota | Democratic | December 15, 2008 | 38 | The child's father was former congressman Max Sandlin.[36] |
| Linda Sánchez | California | Democratic | May 13, 2009 | 40 | Unmarried when pregnancy announced, married a month before delivery[37] |
| Cathy McMorris Rodgers | Washington | Republican | December 1, 2010 | 41 | First member to give birth in office twice[38] |
| Jaime Herrera Beutler | Washington | Republican | July 15, 2013 | 34 | [39] |
| Cathy McMorris Rodgers | Washington | Republican | November 24, 2013 | 44 | First member to give birth in office three times[40] |
| Tammy Duckworth | Illinois | Democratic | November 18, 2014 | 46 | Would later go on to become the first and thus far only woman to give birth while a sitting US Senator. [41] |
| Jaime Herrera Beutler | Washington | Republican | May 18, 2016 | 37 | [42] |
| Jaime Herrera Beutler | Washington | Republican | May 21, 2019 | 40 | [43] |
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ http://cawp.rutgers.edu/women-us-house-representatives-2019
- ^ "RANKIN, Jeannette - US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov.
- ^ "Florence Prag Kahn". www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org.
- ^ Mariotti, Renato (November 26, 2013). "Rep. Vera Buchanan dies in office, Nov. 26, 1955". Politico. Retrieved April 12, 2018.
- ^ "August House Publishers - Atlanta - Children's Book Publisher". August House Publishers - Atlanta - Children's Book Publisher.
- ^ "New Patterns - US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives".
- ^ "Update: First woman to wear pants on House floor, Rep. Charlotte Reid". Washington Post.
- ^ "CHISHOLM, Shirley Anita - US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov.
- ^ "Women in Government: A Slim Past, But a Strong Future". Ebony: 89–92, 96–98. August 1977.
- ^ "BURKE, Yvonne Brathwaite | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov. Retrieved May 4, 2016.
- ^ Michelle Cottle, ed. (April 19, 2018). "Congress Can't Give Up Tradition". The Atlantic. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
- ^ Press, The Associated. "Tommy vs. Tammy rages on: Senate race down to the wire".
- ^ "Tammy Baldwin". Biography.
- ^ "Tammy Baldwin - Candidate for U.S. President, Republican Nomination - Election 2012". WSJ.com.
- ^ Jon M. Shepard (January 1, 2012). Cengage Advantage Books: Sociology. Cengage Learning. pp. 293–. ISBN 978-1-133-71002-8.
- ^ Blumberg, Antonia (March 7, 2018). "Nancy Pelosi Donates Historic Speaker's Gavel To The Smithsonian For Women's History Month". Huffington Post – via Huff Post.
- ^ "Women in U.S. House get new restroom near chamber". USA Today. July 21, 2011.
- ^ "Hindu-American Tulsi Gabbard wins Democratic primary in Hawaii". The Economic Times. August 12, 2012.
- ^ Stephen Prothero (January 3, 2013). "Column: A Hindu moment for Congress". Usatoday.com. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
- ^ Edmondson, Catie; Lee, Jasmine C. (November 28, 2018). "Meet the New Freshmen in Congress". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
- ^ The 2018 Midterms, In 4 Charts. FiveThirtyEight. By Rachael Dottle, Ella Koeze and Julia Wolfe. Nov. 13, 2018.
- ^ Women candidates for Congress 1974 - 2018. Center for American Women and Politics. There are separate columns for House and Senate numbers by election. Party and seat summary for major party nominees.
- ^ Manning, Jennifer E.; Brudnick, Ida A. (April 9, 2019). Women in Congress, 1917-2019: Service Dates and Committee Assignments by Member, and Lists by State and Congress (PDF). Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service. Retrieved 27 April 2019.
- ^ "The U.S. Made Zero Progress in Adding Women to Congress".
- ^ Parker, Ashley (April 12, 2018). "First Day of 113th Congress Brings More Women to Capitol" – via NYTimes.com.
- ^ Gay, Roxane (2019). The Women of the 116th Congress: Portraits of Power. The New York Times. Page 28. Abrams. ISBN 9781683357810.
- ^ Kowalewski, Albin (2018). Asian and Pacific Islander Americans in Congress, 1900-2017. Government Printing Office. Page 558. ISBN 9780160940408.
- ^ "Jenniffer Gonzalez, Resident Commissioner for Puerto Rico – Puerto Rico 51st". 30 November 2016. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
- ^ LeBlanc, Paul (October 27, 2019). "Rep. Katie Hill announces resignation amid allegations of improper relationships with staffers". CNN. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
- ^ Akers, Mary Ann (November 20, 2008). "Rep. Linda Sanchez Expecting a Baby". Washington Post.
- ^ Foster, David (November 19, 1995). "Ambitious Couple Thrived on Passion for Politics, Each Other : Congress: Enid Greene and Joe Waldholtz seemed born for each other. But his lies over money sabotaged fairy tale, perhaps her career". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press.
- ^ "Susan Molinari". womenincongress.house.gov.
- ^ Geranios, Nicholas K. (April 21, 2007). "Baby in the House: Pregnant congresswoman due to give birth next month". San Diego Union Tribune. Associated Press.
- ^ "It's A Boy". Spokesman Review. April 30, 2007.
- ^ "Son Born to New York Congresswoman". New York Times. Associated Press. May 16, 2008.
- ^ Woster, Kevin (December 16, 2008). "Something we can all agree on: Congratulations!". Rapid City Journal.
- ^ Akers, Mary Ann (May 13, 2009). "New Mama in the House: Linda Sanchez". Washington Post.
- ^ Barone, Michael; Chuck McCutcheon (2011). "Washington/Fifth District". The Almanac of American Politics (2012 ed.). University of Chicago Press, National Journal Group, Inc. pp. 1716–1718. ISBN 978-0-226-03808-7.
- ^ "Republican Rep. Jaime Herrera Beutler celebrates 'miracle' baby girl born with Potter's sequence". New York Daily News. July 29, 2013.
- ^ Korte, Gregory (November 25, 2013). "Rep sets congressional record -- mom x 3". USA Today. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
- ^ Skiba, Katherine (November 20, 2014). "Rep. Tammy Duckworth gives birth to daughter". Chicago Tribune.
- ^ Dake, Lauren (May 19, 2016). "Herrera Beutler gives birth to baby boy". The Columbian. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
- ^ Hair, Calley (May 23, 2019). "Herrera Beutler gives birth to girl". The Columbian. Retrieved July 14, 2019.
External linksEdit
- Women in Congress — Companion site to book produced by the Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives
- Associated Press. "Husbands' deaths often propel widows to office". Columbia Daily Tribune, January 22, 2005. Retrieved February 15, 2005. (alternate source, via journalstar.com)
- Maurer, Elizabeth. "Legislating History: 100 Years of Women in Congress". National Women's History Museum. 2017.