Women have served in the United States House of Representatives since the 1917 election of Jeannette Rankin from Montana, a Republican.[1] In total, 351 women have been U.S. representatives and seven more women have been non-voting delegates. As of June 21, 2022, there are 123 women in the U.S. House of Representatives (not counting four female non-voting delegates), making women 27.9% of the total.[2] Of the 358 women who have served in the House, 234 have been Democrats (including four from U.S. territories or the District of Columbia) and 124 have been Republicans (including three from U.S. territories, including pre-statehood Hawaii). One woman has been Speaker of the House, Democrat Nancy Pelosi of California.
Women have been elected to the House of Representatives from 46 of the 50 states. The states that have not elected a woman to the House of Representatives are Alaska, Mississippi, North Dakota, and Vermont—though Alaska, Mississippi, and North Dakota have elected women to the United States Senate. Women have also been sent to Congress from 5 of the 6 territories of the United States; the only territory that has not sent a woman to the House of Representatives is the Northern Mariana Islands. California has elected more women to Congress than any other state, with 45 U.S. representatives elected since 1923. To date, no woman who has served in the House has ever previously been a senator, been elected to represent more than one state in non-consecutive elections, switched parties, or served as a third-party member in her career, though one was reelected as an Independent.
FirstsEdit
Sometimes called the "Lady of the House", Jeannette Rankin entered the U.S. House of Representatives in 1917 as the first woman in Congress.
Alice M. Robertson became the first woman to preside over the House in 1921. She was also the first woman elected from a Southern state (Oklahoma) and the first woman to defeat an incumbent congressman.
Nancy Pelosi, 52nd Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (2007–2011, 2019–), the only woman to hold the position.
Jeannette Rankin entered the U.S. House of Representatives in 1917 as the first woman in either chamber of Congress.[3]
Mae Nolan was the first Catholic woman elected to Congress, in 1923.[4] Clare Boothe Luce, who converted to the Catholic Church in 1946 before retiring as a Congresswoman, was the first female Catholic convert in either chamber.[5]
Florence Prag Kahn also entered the House of Representatives in 1925 as the first Jewish and thus non-Christian woman in either chamber of Congress.[6]
Chase G. Woodhouse, born in British Columbia to American parents, entered the House in 1945 to become the first woman born outside the United States elected to either chamber. As of 2021, she has been the only woman elected to Congress whose birth country is Canada.
U.S. Representative Vera Buchanan died in 1955, making her the first woman in either chamber to die in office.[7]
Patsy Mink, an Asian American, entered the House of Representatives in 1965 as the first woman of color in either chamber of Congress.[8][9]
In 1969, U.S. Representative Charlotte Reid became the first woman to wear pants in the U.S. House of Representatives or Senate.[10]
Shirley Chisholm entered the House of Representatives in 1969 as the first African-American woman in either chamber of Congress.[11]
In 1973, U.S. Representative Yvonne Brathwaite Burke became the first member of either the House of Representatives or Senate to give birth while in office, and she was the first person to be granted maternity leave by the Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives, with the birth of her daughter Autumn.[12][13]
The gym of the House of Representatives (with the exception of its swimming pool) first opened to women in 1985, the gym having previously been male-only. The swimming pool opened to women in 2009, the pool having previously been male-only.[14]
Barbara Vucanovich entered the House of Representatives in 1983 as the first Hispanic woman or Latina in either chamber of Congress.
In late 1990, Hawaii became the first state with a House delegation of all women of color, Patsy Mink and Pat Saiki.
Jo Ann Emerson made history for the House of Representatives in 1997 as the first and, so far, only woman (re)elected as neither a Democrat nor a Republican from any state to either chamber of Congress.[15] Initially, she was specially elected as a Republican late in the 104th Congress following the death of her husband. However, due to Missouri law, Emerson was unable to run as a Republican in the regular election, so she sought reelection as an independent and won her first full term in the 1996 election. Emerson was sworn in to her second and full term as an independent in the 105th Congress and rejoined the Republicans a few days later.
Tammy Baldwin entered the House of Representatives in 1999 as the first openly gay woman in either chamber of Congress.[16]
Nancy Pelosi became the first female House Minority Whip in 2002.[17] She went on to become the first and to date only female Speaker of the United States House of Representatives in 2007.[18]
Also in 2007, Mazie Hirono entered the House of Representatives as the first female Buddhist in either chamber of Congress.
In 2011, the House of Representatives got its first women's bathroom near the chamber (Room H-211 of the U.S. Capitol).[19]
Tulsi Gabbard entered the House of Representatives in 2013 as the first Hindu person in either chamber of Congress.[20][21]
Also in 2013, Kyrsten Sinema entered the House of Representatives as the first openly bisexual woman in either chamber of Congress.[22]
In the 2018 general elections, there was a wave of firsts elected to the United States House of Representatives for the 116th Congress. A record-breaking 103 women were elected or reelected into the United States House of Representatives, causing many to call it the "Year of the Woman".[23] Ilhan Omar and Rashida Tlaib became the first Muslim women ever elected to either house of Congress, with Tlaib the first Palestinian-American woman elected to Congress and Omar the first Somali American of either sex to be elected. Angie Craig became the first lesbian mother to be elected. Sharice Davids and Deb Haaland became the first Native American women elected to the federal House of Representatives. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez also became the youngest woman ever elected.[24]
In 2020, Republican Stephanie Bice was elected to become the first Iranian American and first woman of Iranian parentage in Congress,[25] and her fellow Republican, Yvette Herrell, was also elected as the first Native woman from the party in Congress.[26] Additionally, Republicans Michelle Steel and Young Kim, and Democrat Marilyn Strickland were the first Korean-American women elected.[27] Strickland is also the first Afro-Asian woman elected to the House of Representatives.[28]
Mayra Flores became the first Mexican-born woman elected to Congress when she won a special election on June 14, 2022.[29]
List of states represented by womenEdit
| State | Current members | Previous members | Total | First female member | Political party of first female member | Years with female members |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 1 | 2 | 3 | Elizabeth B. Andrews | Democratic | 1972–1973, 2011–present |
| Alaska | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Arizona | 2 | 5 | 7 | Isabella Greenway | Democratic | 1933–1937, 1993–1995, 2007–present |
| Arkansas | 0 | 4 | 4 | Pearl Oldfield | Democratic | 1929–1933, 1961–1963, 1993–1997 |
| California | 20 | 25 | 45 | Mae Nolan | Republican | 1923–1937, 1945–1951, 1973–1979, 1981–present |
| Colorado | 2 | 3 | 5 | Pat Schroeder | Democratic | 1973–present |
| Connecticut | 2 | 6 | 8 | Claire Boothe Luce | Republican | 1943–1947, 1949–1951, 1971–1975, 1982–present |
| Delaware | 1 | 0 | 1 | Lisa Blunt Rochester | Democratic | 2017–present |
| Florida | 9 | 13 | 22 | Ruth Owen | Democratic | 1929–1933, 1989–present |
| Georgia | 4 | 5 | 9 | Florence Gibbs | Democratic | 1940–1941, 1946–1947, 1955–1963, 1993–2007, 2017–present |
| Hawaii | 0 | 6 | 6 | Elizabeth P. Farrington[a] | Republican | 1954–1957, 1965–1977, 1987–2002, 2007–2021 |
| Idaho | 0 | 2 | 2 | Gracie Pfost | Democratic | 1953–1963, 1995–2001 |
| Illinois | 6 | 13 | 19 | Winnifred Huck | Republican | 1922–1923, 1929–1931, 1939–1947, 1951–1971, 1973–1997, 1999–present |
| Indiana | 2 | 6 | 8 | Virginia E. Jenckes | Democratic | 1933–1939, 1949–1959, 1982–1985, 1989–1995, 1997–2007, 2013–present |
| Iowa | 3 | 1 | 4 | Cindy Axne & Abby Finkenauer | Democratic | 2019–present |
| Kansas | 1 | 5 | 6 | Kathryn O'Loughlin McCarthy | Democratic | 1933–1935, 1975–1979, 1985–1997, 2007–present |
| Kentucky | 0 | 2 | 2 | Katherine G. Langley | Republican | 1927–1931, 1997–2007 |
| Louisiana | 1 | 2 | 3 | Lindy Boggs | Democratic | 1973–1991, 2021–present |
| Maine | 1 | 2 | 3 | Margaret Chase Smith | Republican | 1940–1949, 1979–1995, 2009–present |
| Maryland | 0 | 8 | 8 | Katharine Byron | Democratic | 1941–1943, 1973–2003, 2008–2017 |
| Massachusetts | 3 | 4 | 7 | Edith Rogers | Republican | 1925–1960, 1967–1983, 2007–present |
| Michigan | 6 | 8 | 14 | Ruth Thompson | Republican | 1951–1974, 1995–present |
| Minnesota | 4 | 2 | 6 | Coya Knutson | Democratic–Farmer–Labor | 1955–1959, 2001–present |
| Mississippi | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Missouri | 3 | 5 | 8 | Leonor Sullivan | Democratic | 1953–1977, 1991–present |
| Montana | 0 | 1 | 1 | Jeannette Rankin | Republican | 1917–1919, 1941–1943 |
| Nebraska | 0 | 1 | 1 | Virginia D. Smith | Republican | 1975–1991 |
| Nevada | 2 | 3 | 5 | Barbara Vucanovich | Republican | 1983–1997, 1999–present |
| New Hampshire | 1 | 1 | 2 | Carol Shea-Porter | Democratic | 2007–2011, 2013–present |
| New Jersey | 2 | 5 | 7 | Mary Norton | Democratic | 1925–1951, 1957–1973, 1975–2003, 2015–present |
| New Mexico | 3 | 5 | 8 | Georgia Lusk | Democratic | 1947–1949, 1998–2009, 2013–present |
| New York | 9 | 20 | 29 | Ruth Pratt | Republican | 1929–1945, 1947–1983, 1987–present |
| North Carolina | 4 | 4 | 8 | Eliza Pratt | Democratic | 1946–1947, 1992–present |
| North Dakota | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Ohio | 3 | 9 | 12 | Frances P. Bolton | Republican | 1940–1969, 1977–present |
| Oklahoma | 1 | 3 | 4 | Alice Robertson | Republican | 1921–1923, 2007–2011, 2019–present |
| Oregon | 1 | 4 | 5 | Nan Honeyman | Democratic | 1937–1939, 1955–1974, 1993–2009, 2012–present |
| Pennsylvania | 4 | 7 | 11 | Veronica Boland | Democratic | 1942–1943, 1951–1963, 1993–1995, 2001–2015, 2018–present |
| Rhode Island | 0 | 1 | 1 | Claudine Schneider | Republican | 1981–1991 |
| South Carolina | 1 | 5 | 6 | Elizabeth Gasque | Democratic | 1938–1941, 1944–1945, 1962–1963, 1987–1993, 2021–present |
| South Dakota | 0 | 2 | 2 | Stephanie Sandlin | Democratic | 2004–2019 |
| Tennessee | 1 | 6 | 7 | Willa Eslick | Democratic | 1932–1933, 1961–1965, 1975–1995, 2003–2019, 2021–present |
| Texas | 8 | 3 | 11 | Lera Thomas | Democratic | 1966–1967, 1973–1979, 1993–present |
| Utah | 0 | 4 | 4 | Reva Bosone | Democratic | 1949–1953, 1993–1997, 2015–2019 |
| Vermont | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Virginia | 3 | 4 | 7 | Leslie L. Byrne | Democratic | 1993–1995, 2001–2009, 2015–present |
| Washington | 6 | 6 | 12 | Catherine May | Republican | 1959–1974, 1989–present |
| West Virginia | 1 | 2 | 3 | Elizabeth Kee | Democratic | 1951–1965, 2001–2015, 2019–present |
| Wisconsin | 1 | 1 | 2 | Tammy Baldwin | Democratic | 1999–present |
| Wyoming | 1 | 2 | 3 | Barbara Cubin | Republican | 1995–present |
Widow's successionEdit
Mae Ella Nolan was the first woman elected to her husband's seat in Congress, which is sometimes known as the widow's succession. In the early years of women in Congress, the seat was held only until the next election, and the women retired after that single Congress. She thereby became a placeholder, merely finishing out her late husband's elected term. As the years progressed, however, more and more of these widow successors sought reelection. These women began to win their own elections.
39 widows have won their husbands' seats in the House, and eight have won their husbands' seats in the Senate. The only current example is Representative Doris Matsui of California.[b] The most successful example is Margaret Chase Smith of Maine, who served a total of 32 years in both houses and became the first woman elected to both the House and the Senate. She began the end of McCarthyism with a famous speech, "The Declaration of Conscience", became the first major-party female presidential candidate and the first woman to receive votes at a national nominating convention, and was the first (and highest ranking to date) woman to enter the Republican Party Senate leadership (in the third-highest post of Chairwoman of the Senate Republican Conference). The third woman elected to Congress, Winnifred Huck, was similarly elected to her father's seat.
Number of womenEdit
Number of women in the United States House of Representatives and Senate by CongressEdit
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Number of women in the United States Congress (1917–2023):[32][33]
| Congress | Years | in Congress | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| 65th | 1917–1919 | 1 | 0.2% |
| 66th | 1919–1921 | 0 | 0% |
| 67th | 1921–1923 | 4 | 0.7% |
| 68th | 1923–1925 | 1 | 0.2% |
| 69th | 1925–1927 | 3 | 0.6% |
| 70th | 1927–1929 | 5 | 0.9% |
| 71st | 1929–1931 | 9 | 1.7% |
| 72nd | 1931–1933 | 8 | 1.5% |
| 73rd | 1933–1935 | 8 | 1.5% |
| 74th | 1935–1937 | 8 | 1.5% |
| 75th | 1937–1939 | 9 | 1.7% |
| 76th | 1939–1941 | 9 | 1.7% |
| 77th | 1941–1943 | 10 | 1.9% |
| 78th | 1943–1945 | 9 | 1.7% |
| 79th | 1945–1947 | 11 | 2.1% |
| 80th | 1947–1949 | 8 | 1.5% |
| 81st | 1949–1951 | 10 | 1.9% |
| 82nd | 1951–1953 | 11 | 2.1% |
| 83rd | 1953–1955 | 15 | 2.8% |
| 84th | 1955–1957 | 18 | 3.4% |
| 85th | 1957–1959 | 16 | 3.0% |
| 86th | 1959–1961 | 19 | 3.5% |
| 87th | 1961–1963 | 20 | 3.7% |
| 88th | 1963–1965 | 14 | 2.6% |
| 89th | 1965–1967 | 13 | 2.4% |
| 90th | 1967–1969 | 12 | 2.2% |
| 91st | 1969–1971 | 11 | 2.1% |
| 92nd | 1971–1973 | 15 | 2.8% |
| 93rd | 1973–1975 | 16 | 3.0% |
| 94th | 1975–1977 | 19 | 3.6% |
| 95th | 1977–1979 | 20 | 3.7% |
| 96th | 1979–1981 | 17 | 3.2% |
| 97th | 1981–1983 | 23 | 4.3% |
| 98th | 1983–1985 | 24 | 4.5% |
| 99th | 1985–1987 | 25 | 4.7% |
| 100th | 1987–1989 | 26 | 4.9% |
| 101st | 1989–1991 | 31 | 5.8% |
| 102nd | 1991–1993 | 33 | 6.2% |
| 103rd | 1993–1995 | 55 | 10.3% |
| 104th | 1995–1997 | 59 | 11.0% |
| 105th | 1997–1999 | 66 | 12.3% |
| 106th | 1999–2001 | 67 | 12.5% |
| 107th | 2001–2003 | 75 | 14.0% |
| 108th | 2003–2005 | 77 | 14.4% |
| 109th | 2005–2007 | 85 | 15.9% |
| 110th | 2007–2009 | 94 | 17.6% |
| 111th | 2009–2011 | 96 | 17.9% |
| 112th | 2011–2013 | 96 | 17.9% |
| 113th | 2013–2015 | 104 | 19.2% |
| 114th | 2015–2017 | 109 | 20.1% |
| 115th | 2017–2019 | 116 | 21.4% |
| 116th | 2019–2021 | 131 | 24.2% |
| 117th | 2021–2023 | 151 | 27.9% |
Number of women in the United States House of Representatives by partyEdit
Notes: "% of party" is taken from voting members at the beginning of the Congress, while numbers and "% of women" include all female House members of the given Congress
| Congress | Years | Women total | Republican | % of women | % of party | Democratic | % of women | % of party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 65th | 1917–1919 | 1 | 1 | 100% | 0.5% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 66th | 1919–1921 | 0 | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 67th | 1921–1923 | 3 | 3 | 100% | 0.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 68th | 1923–1925 | 1 | 1 | 100% | 0.4% | 0 | 0.0% | 0.0% |
| 69th | 1925–1927 | 3 | 2 | 66.7% | 0.4% | 1 | 33.3% | 0.5% |
| 70th | 1927–1929 | 5 | 3 | 60.0% | 1.3% | 2 | 40.0% | 0.5% |
| 71st | 1929–1931 | 9 | 5 | 55.6% | 1.9% | 4 | 44.4% | 1.8% |
| 72nd | 1931–1933 | 7 | 3 | 42.9% | 1.4% | 4 | 57.1% | 1.4% |
| 73rd | 1933–1935 | 7 | 3 | 42.9% | 1.7% | 4 | 57.1% | 1.0% |
| 74th | 1935–1937 | 6 | 2 | 33.3% | 1.9% | 4 | 66.7% | 1.2% |
| 75th | 1937–1939 | 6 | 1 | 16.7% | 1.1% | 5 | 83.3% | 1.2% |
| 76th | 1939–1941 | 8 | 4 | 50.0% | 1.2% | 4 | 50.0% | 0.8% |
| 77th | 1941–1943 | 9 | 5 | 55.6% | 3.1% | 4 | 44.4% | 0.7% |
| 78th | 1943–1945 | 8 | 6 | 75.0% | 2.9% | 2 | 25.0% | 0.5% |
| 79th | 1945–1947 | 11 | 5 | 45.5% | 2.6% | 6 | 54.5% | 1.7% |
| 80th | 1947–1949 | 7 | 5 | 71.4% | 2.0% | 2 | 28.6% | 1.1% |
| 81st | 1949–1951 | 9 | 4 | 44.4% | 2.3% | 5 | 55.6% | 1.5% |
| 82nd | 1951–1953 | 10 | 6 | 60.0% | 3.0% | 4 | 40.0% | 0.9% |
| 83rd | 1953–1955 | 12 | 7 | 58.3% | 2.7% | 5 | 41.7% | 2.3% |
| 84th | 1955–1957 | 17 | 7 | 41.2% | 3.0% | 10 | 58.8% | 3.4% |
| 85th | 1957–1959 | 15 | 6 | 40.0% | 3.0% | 9 | 60.0% | 3.8% |
| 86th | 1959–1961 | 17 | 8 | 47.1% | 5.2% | 9 | 52.9% | 2.8% |
| 87th | 1961–1963 | 18 | 7 | 38.9% | 3.5% | 11 | 61.1% | 3.4% |
| 88th | 1963–1965 | 12 | 6 | 50.0% | 2.8% | 6 | 50.0% | 2.3% |
| 89th | 1965–1967 | 11 | 4 | 36.4% | 2.9% | 7 | 63.6% | 2.0% |
| 90th | 1967–1969 | 11 | 5 | 45.5% | 2.7% | 6 | 54.5% | 2.4% |
| 91st | 1969–1971 | 10 | 4 | 40.0% | 2.1% | 6 | 60.0% | 2.5% |
| 92nd | 1971–1973 | 13 | 3 | 23.1% | 1.1% | 10 | 76.9% | 3.5% |
| 93rd | 1973–1975 | 16 | 2 | 12.5% | 1.0% | 14 | 87.5% | 5.0% |
| 94th | 1975–1977 | 19 | 5 | 26.3% | 2.8% | 14 | 73.7% | 4.8% |
| 95th | 1977–1979 | 18 | 5 | 27.8% | 3.5% | 13 | 72.2% | 4.5% |
| 96th | 1979–1981 | 16 | 5 | 31.3% | 3.2% | 11 | 68.8% | 4.0% |
| 97th | 1981–1983 | 21 | 10 | 47.6% | 4.7% | 11 | 52.4% | 3.7% |
| 98th | 1983–1985 | 22 | 9 | 40.9% | 5.5% | 13 | 59.1% | 4.4% |
| 99th | 1985–1987 | 23 | 11 | 47.8% | 6.0% | 12 | 52.2% | 4.3% |
| 100th | 1987–1989 | 23 | 11 | 47.8% | 6.0% | 12 | 52.2% | 4.3% |
| 101st | 1989–1991 | 29 | 13 | 44.8% | 6.0% | 16 | 55.2% | 5.6% |
| 102nd | 1991–1993 | 30 | 9 | 30.0% | 5.5% | 21 | 70.0% | 7.0% |
| 103rd | 1993–1995 | 48 | 12 | 25.0% | 6.8% | 36 | 75.0% | 13.6% |
| 104th | 1995–1997 | 50 | 18 | 36.0% | 7.4% | 32 | 64.0% | 14.7% |
| 105th | 1997–1999 | 56 | 17 | 30.4% | 7.5% | 39 | 69.6% | 18.8% |
| 106th | 1999–2001 | 58 | 17 | 29.3% | 7.6% | 41 | 70.7% | 18.5% |
| 107th | 2001–2003 | 62 | 18 | 29.0% | 8.1% | 44 | 71.0% | 19.0% |
| 108th | 2003–2005 | 63 | 21 | 33.3% | 9.2% | 42 | 66.7% | 18.5% |
| 109th | 2005–2007 | 71 | 25 | 35.2% | 9.9% | 46 | 64.8% | 20.9% |
| 110th | 2007–2009 | 78 | 21 | 26.9% | 9.9% | 57 | 73.1% | 20.2% |
| 111th | 2009–2011 | 79 | 17 | 21.5% | 9.6% | 62 | 78.5% | 21.5% |
| 112th | 2011–2013 | 79 | 24 | 30.4% | 9.9% | 55 | 69.6% | 23.8% |
| 113th | 2013–2015 | 82 | 20 | 24.4% | 8.2% | 62 | 75.6% | 29.0% |
| 114th | 2015–2017 | 88 | 23 | 26.2% | 8.9% | 65 | 73.8% | 33.0% |
| 115th | 2017–2019 | 89 | 25 | 25.3% | 8.7% | 64 | 74.7% | 32.0% |
| 116th | 2019–2021 | 101 | 13 | 12.9% | 6.5% | 88 | 87.1% | 37.4% |
| 117th | 2021–2023 | 125 | 33 | 26.4% | 14.6% | 92 | 73.6% | 41.2% |
Percentage of women by party and yearEdit
List of female membersEdit
This is a complete list of women who have served as U.S. representatives or delegates of the United States House of Representatives. Members are grouped by the apportionment period during which such member commenced serving. This list includes women who served in the past and who continue to serve in the present.
Female members whose service began between 1917 and 1932Edit
| Portrait | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Term start | Term end | Reason(s) for leaving |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Jeannette Rankin (1880–1973) [c] |
Republican | Montana at-large | March 4, 1917 | March 3, 1919 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the 1918 United States Senate election in Montana |
| Montana's 1st | January 3, 1941 | January 3, 1943 | Retired | |||
|
Alice Robertson (1854–1931) [d] |
Republican | Oklahoma's 2nd | March 4, 1921 | March 3, 1923 | Lost reelection |
|
Winnifred Huck (1882–1936) [e] |
Republican | Illinois at-large | November 7, 1922 | March 3, 1923 | Lost renomination |
|
Mae Nolan (1886–1973) [f] |
Republican | California's 5th | January 23, 1923 | March 3, 1925 | Retired |
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|
Florence Kahn (1866–1948) [g] |
Republican | California's 4th | March 4, 1925 | January 3, 1937 | Lost reelection |
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|
Mary Norton (1875–1959) [h] |
Democratic | New Jersey's 12th & 13th | March 4, 1925 | January 3, 1951 | Retired |
|
Edith Rogers (1881–1960) [i] |
Republican | Massachusetts's 5th | June 30, 1925 | September 10, 1960 | Died in office |
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|
Katherine G. Langley (1888–1948) [j] |
Republican | Kentucky's 7th | March 4, 1927 | March 3, 1931 | Retired |
|
Pearl Oldfield (1876–1962) [k] |
Democratic | Arkansas's 2nd | January 9, 1929 | March 3, 1931 | Retired |
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|
Ruth McCormick (1880–1944) [l] |
Republican | Illinois at-large | March 4, 1929 | March 3, 1931 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1930 United States Senate election in Illinois |
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|
Ruth Owen (1885–1954) [m] |
Democratic | Florida's 4th | March 4, 1929 | March 3, 1933 | Lost renomination[n] |
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|
Ruth Pratt (1877–1965) |
Republican | New York's 17th | March 4, 1929 | March 3, 1933 | Lost reelection |
|
Effiegene Wingo (1883–1962) [o] |
Democratic | Arkansas's 4th | November 4, 1930 | March 3, 1933 | Retired |
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|
Willa Eslick (1878–1961) [p] |
Democratic | Tennessee's 7th | August 14, 1932 | March 3, 1933 | Not eligible for reelection having not qualified for nomination |
Female members whose service began between 1933 and 1942Edit
| Portrait | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Term start | Term end | Reason(s) for leaving |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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|
Virginia E. Jenckes (1877–1975) |
Democratic | Indiana's 6th | March 4, 1933 | January 3, 1939 | Lost reelection |
|
Kathryn O'Loughlin-McCarthy (1894–1952) |
Democratic | Kansas's 6th | March 4, 1933 | January 3, 1935 | Lost reelection |
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|
Isabella Greenway (1886–1953) |
Democratic | Arizona at-large | October 2, 1933 | January 3, 1937 | Retired |
|
Marian W. Clarke (1880–1953) [q] |
Republican | New York's 34th | December 28, 1933 | January 3, 1935 | Retired |
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|
Caroline O'Day (1869–1943) |
Democratic | New York at-large | January 3, 1935 | January 3, 1943 | Retired |
|
Nan Honeyman (1881–1970) |
Democratic | Oregon's 3rd | January 3, 1937 | January 3, 1939 | Lost reelection |
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|
Elizabeth Gasque (1886–1989) [r] |
Democratic | South Carolina's 6th | September 13, 1938 | January 3, 1939 | Retired |
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|
Jessie Sumner (1898–1994) |
Republican | Illinois's 18th | January 3, 1939 | January 3, 1947 | Retired |
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|
Clara G. McMillan (1894–1976) [s] |
Democratic | South Carolina's 1st | November 7, 1939 | January 3, 1941 | Retired |
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|
Frances P. Bolton (1885–1977) [t] |
Republican | Ohio's 22nd | February 27, 1940 | January 3, 1969 | Lost reelection |
|
Margaret Chase Smith (1897–1995) [u] |
Republican | Maine's 2nd | June 3, 1940 | January 3, 1949 | Retired to run successfully for the 1948 United States Senate election in Maine, thus becoming the first woman elected to the United States Senate in a general election without previously being appointed, elected in a special election, or succeeding her husband |
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|
Florence Gibbs (1890–1964) [v] |
Democratic | Georgia's 8th | October 1, 1940 | January 3, 1941 | Retired |
|
Katharine Byron (1903–1976) [w] |
Democratic | Maryland's 6th | May 27, 1941 | January 3, 1943 | Retired |
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|
Veronica Boland (1899–1982) [x] |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 11th | November 3, 1942 | January 3, 1943 | Retired |
Female members whose service began between 1943 and 1952Edit
| Portrait | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Term start | Term end | Reason(s) for leaving |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Clare Boothe Luce (1903–1987) |
Republican | Connecticut's 4th | January 3, 1943 | January 3, 1947 | Retired[y] |
|
Winifred C. Stanley (1909–1996) |
Republican | New York at-large | January 3, 1943 | January 3, 1945 | Retired |
|
Willa L. Fulmer (1884–1968) [z] |
Democratic | South Carolina's 2nd | November 7, 1944 | January 3, 1945 | Retired |
|
Emily Douglas (1899–1994) |
Democratic | Illinois at-large | January 3, 1945 | January 3, 1947 | Lost reelection |
|
Helen Gahagan-Douglas (1900–1980) |
Democratic | California's 14th | January 3, 1945 | January 3, 1951 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1950 United States Senate election in California |
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|
Chase G. Woodhouse (1890–1984) [aa] |
Democratic | Connecticut's 2nd | January 3, 1945 | January 3, 1947 | Lost reelection |
| January 3, 1949 | January 3, 1951 | Lost reelection | ||||
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|
Helen Mankin (1896–1956) |
Democratic | Georgia's 5th | February 12, 1946 | January 3, 1947 | Lost renomination |
|
Eliza Pratt (1902–1981) |
Democratic | North Carolina's 8th | May 25, 1946 | January 3, 1947 | Retired |
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|
Georgia Lusk (1893–1971) |
Democratic | New Mexico at-large | January 3, 1947 | January 3, 1949 | Lost renomination |
|
Katharine St. George (1894–1983) |
Republican | New York's 29th, 28th, & 27th | January 3, 1947 | January 3, 1965 | Lost reelection |
|
Reva Bosone (1895–1983) |
Democratic | Utah's 2nd | January 3, 1949 | January 3, 1953 | Lost reelection |
|
Cecil M. Harden (1894–1984) |
Republican | Indiana's 6th | January 3, 1949 | January 3, 1959 | Lost reelection |
|
Edna F. Kelly (1906–1997) |
Democratic | New York's 10th & 12th | November 8, 1949 | January 3, 1969 | Lost renomination |
|
Marguerite S. Church (1892–1990) [ab] |
Republican | Illinois's 13th | January 3, 1951 | January 3, 1963 | Retired |
|
Ruth Thompson (1887–1970) |
Republican | Michigan's 9th | January 3, 1951 | January 3, 1957 | Lost renomination |
|
Elizabeth Kee (1895–1975) [ac] |
Democratic | West Virginia's 5th | July 17, 1951 | January 3, 1965 | Retired |
|
Vera Buchanan (1902–1955) [ad] |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 33rd & 30th | July 24, 1951 | October 26, 1955 | Died in office |
Female members whose service began between 1953 and 1962Edit
| Portrait | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Term start | Term end | Reason(s) for leaving |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gracie Pfost (1906–1965) |
Democratic | Idaho's 1st | January 3, 1953 | January 3, 1963 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1962 United States Senate election in Idaho |
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|
Leonor Sullivan (1902–1988) |
Democratic | Missouri's 3rd | January 3, 1953 | January 3, 1977 | Retired |
|
Elizabeth P. Farrington (1898–1984) [ae] |
Republican | Hawaii's at-large | July 31, 1954 | January 3, 1957 | Lost reelection |
|
Iris Blitch (1912–1993) [af] |
Democratic | Georgia's 8th | January 3, 1955 | January 3, 1963 | Retired |
|
Edith Green (1910–1987) |
Democratic | Oregon's 3rd | January 3, 1955 | December 31, 1974 | Retired |
|
Martha Griffiths (1912–2003) |
Democratic | Michigan's 17th | January 3, 1955 | December 31, 1974 | Retired[ag] |
|
Coya Knutson (1912–1996) |
Democratic (DFL) | Minnesota's 9th | January 3, 1955 | January 3, 1959 | Lost reelection |
|
Kathryn E. Granahan (1894–1979) [ah] |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 2nd | November 6, 1956 | January 3, 1963 | Retired[ai] |
|
Florence P. Dwyer (1902–1976) |
Republican | New Jersey's 6th & 12th | January 3, 1957 | January 3, 1973 | Retired |
|
Catherine May (1914–2004) |
Republican | Washington's 4th | January 3, 1959 | January 3, 1971 | Lost reelection |
|
Edna O. Simpson (1891–1984) [aj] |
Republican | Illinois's 20th | January 3, 1959 | January 3, 1961 | Retired |
|
Jessica M. Weis (1901–1963) |
Republican | New York's 38th | January 3, 1959 | January 3, 1963 | Retired |
|
Julia Hansen (1907–1988) |
Democratic | Washington's 3rd | November 8, 1960 | December 31, 1974 | Retired |
|
Catherine Norrell (1901–1981) [ak] |
Democratic | Arkansas's 6th | April 19, 1961 | January 3, 1963 | Retired |
|
Louise Reece (1898–1970) [al] |
Republican | Tennessee's 1st | May 16, 1961 | January 3, 1963 | Retired |
|
Corinne Riley (1893–1979) [am] |
Democratic | South Carolina's 2nd | April 10, 1962 | January 3, 1963 | Retired |
Female members whose service began between 1963 and 1972Edit
| Portrait | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Term start | Term end | Reason(s) for leaving |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Charlotte Reid (1913–2007) [an] |
Republican | Illinois's 15th | January 3, 1963 | October 7, 1971 | Resigned to become a member of the Federal Communications Commission |
|
Irene Baker (1901–1994) [ao] |
Republican | Tennessee's 2nd | January 7, 1964 | January 3, 1965 | Retired |
|
Patsy Mink (1927–2002) [ap] |
Democratic | Hawaii's at-large & 2nd | January 3, 1965 | January 3, 1977 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the 1976 United States Senate election in Hawaii[aq] |
| Hawaii's 2nd | September 22, 1990 | September 28, 2002 | Died in office | |||
|
Lera Thomas (1900–1993) [ar] |
Democratic | Texas's 8th | March 26, 1966 | January 3, 1967 | Retired |
|
Margaret Heckler (1931–2018) |
Republican | Massachusetts's 10th | January 3, 1967 | January 3, 1983 | Lost reelection[as] |
|
Shirley Chisholm (1924–2005) [at] |
Democratic | New York's 12th | January 3, 1969 | January 3, 1983 | Retired |
|
Bella Abzug (1920–1998) |
Democratic | New York's 19th & 20th | January 3, 1971 | January 3, 1977 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the 1976 United States Senate election in New York |
|
Ella T. Grasso (1919–1981) [au] |
Democratic | Connecticut's 6th | January 3, 1971 | January 3, 1975 | Retired to run successfully for Governor of Connecticut |
|
Louise Day Hicks (1916–2003) |
Democratic | Massachusetts's 9th | January 3, 1971 | January 3, 1973 | Lost reelection |
|
Elizabeth B. Andrews (1911–2002) [av] |
Democratic | Alabama's 3rd | April 4, 1972 | January 3, 1973 | Retired |
Female members whose service began between 1973 and 1982Edit
| Portrait | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Term start | Term end | Reason(s) for leaving |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Yvonne Burke (born 1932) |
Democratic | California's 37th & 28th | January 3, 1973 | January 3, 1979 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for Attorney General of California |
|
Marjorie Holt (1920–2018) |
Republican | Maryland's 4th | January 3, 1973 | January 3, 1987 | Retired |
|
Elizabeth Holtzman (born 1941) |
Democratic | New York's 16th | January 3, 1973 | January 3, 1981 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1980 United States Senate election in New York |
|
Barbara Jordan (1936–1996) |
Democratic | Texas's 18th | January 3, 1973 | January 3, 1979 | Retired |
|
Pat Schroeder (born 1940) |
Democratic | Colorado's 1st | January 3, 1973 | January 3, 1997 | Retired |
|
Lindy Boggs (1916–2013) [aw] |
Democratic | Louisiana's 2nd | March 20, 1973 | January 3, 1991 | Retired[ax] |
|
Cardiss Collins (1931–2013) [ay] |
Democratic | Illinois's 7th | June 5, 1973 | January 3, 1997 | Retired |
|
Millicent Fenwick (1910–1992) [az] |
Republican | New Jersey's 5th | January 3, 1975 | January 3, 1983 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1982 United States Senate election in New Jersey[ba] |
|
Martha Keys (born 1930) |
Democratic | Kansas's 2nd | January 3, 1975 | January 3, 1979 | Lost reelection |
|
Marilyn Lloyd (1929–2018) [an] |
Democratic | Tennessee's 3rd | January 3, 1975 | January 3, 1995 | Retired |
|
Virginia D. Smith (1911–2006) |
Republican | Nebraska's 3rd | January 3, 1975 | January 3, 1991 | Retired |
|
Gladys Spellman (1918–1988) |
Democratic | Maryland's 5th | January 3, 1975 | February 24, 1981 | After suffering a debilitating heart attack and slipping into a comatose state, her seat was declared vacant by the House |
|
Helen Stevenson-Meyner (1929–1997) |
Democratic | New Jersey's 13th | January 3, 1975 | January 3, 1979 | Lost reelection |
|
Shirley Pettis (1924–2016) [bb] |
Republican | California's 37th | April 29, 1975 | January 3, 1979 | Retired |
|
Barbara Mikulski (born 1936) |
Democratic | Maryland's 3rd | January 3, 1977 | January 3, 1987 | Retired to run successfully for the 1986 United States Senate election in Maryland |
|
Mary Oakar (born 1940) [bc] |
Democratic | Ohio's 20th | January 3, 1977 | January 3, 1993 | Lost reelection |
|
Beverly Byron (born 1932) [bd] |
Democratic | Maryland's 6th | January 3, 1979 | January 3, 1993 | Lost renomination |
|
Geraldine Ferraro (1935–2011) |
Democratic | New York's 9th | January 3, 1979 | January 3, 1985 | Retired to run unsuccessfully as the Democratic nominee for Vice President of the United States during the 1984 United States presidential election[be] |
|
Olympia Snowe (born 1947) |
Republican | Maine's 2nd | January 3, 1979 | January 3, 1995 | Retired to run successfully for the 1994 United States Senate election in Maine |
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|
Bobbi Fiedler (1937–2019) |
Republican | California's 21st | January 3, 1981 | January 3, 1987 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the 1986 United States Senate election in California |
|
Lynn Morley-Martin (born 1939) |
Republican | Illinois's 16th | January 3, 1981 | January 3, 1991 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1990 United States Senate election in Illinois[bf] |
|
Marge Roukema (1929–2014) |
Republican | New Jersey's 7th & 5th | January 3, 1981 | January 3, 2003 | Retired |
|
Claudine Schneider (born 1947) |
Republican | Rhode Island's 2nd | January 3, 1981 | January 3, 1991 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1990 United States Senate election in Rhode Island |
|
Barbara B. Kennelly (born 1936) [au] |
Democratic | Connecticut's 1st | January 12, 1982 | January 3, 1999 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1998 Connecticut gubernatorial election |
|
Jean Spencer-Ashbrook (born 1934) [bg] |
Republican | Ohio's 17th | June 29, 1982 | January 3, 1983 | Retired |
|
Katie Hall (1938–2012) |
Democratic | Indiana's 1st | November 2, 1982 | January 3, 1985 | Lost renomination |
Female members whose service began between 1983 and 1992Edit
| Portrait | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Term start | Term end | Reason(s) for leaving |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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|
Barbara Boxer (born 1940) |
Democratic | California's 6th | January 3, 1983 | January 3, 1993 | Retired to run successfully for the 1992 United States Senate election in California |
|
Nancy Johnson (born 1935) |
Republican | Connecticut's 6th & 5th | January 3, 1983 | January 3, 2007 | Lost reelection |
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|
Marcy Kaptur (born 1946) |
Democratic | Ohio's 9th | January 3, 1983 | Present | |
|
Barbara Vucanovich (1921–2013) [bh] |
Republican | Nevada's 2nd | January 3, 1983 | January 3, 1997 | Retired |
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|
Sala Burton (1925–1987) [bi] |
Democratic | California's 5th | June 21, 1983 | February 1, 1987 | Died in office |
|
Helen Delich-Bentley (1923–2016) |
Republican | Maryland's 2nd | January 3, 1985 | January 3, 1995 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the 1994 Maryland gubernatorial election |
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|
Jan Meyers (1928–2019) |
Republican | Kansas's 3rd | January 3, 1985 | January 3, 1997 | Retired |
|
Catherine Small-Long (1924–2019) [bj] |
Democratic | Louisiana's 8th | March 30, 1985 | January 3, 1987 | Retired |
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|
Connie Morella (born 1931) |
Republican | Maryland's 8th | January 3, 1987 | January 3, 2003 | Lost reelection[bk] |
|
Liz J. Patterson (1939–2018) [bl] |
Democratic | South Carolina's 4th | January 3, 1987 | January 3, 1993 | Lost reelection |
|
Pat Saiki (born 1930) |
Republican | Hawaii's 1st | January 3, 1987 | January 3, 1991 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1990 United States Senate special election in Hawaii[bm] |
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|
Louise Slaughter (1929–2018) |
Democratic | New York's 30th, 28th, & 25th | January 3, 1987 | March 16, 2018 | Died in office |
|
Nancy Pelosi (born 1940) [bn] |
Democratic | California's 5th, 8th, & 12th | June 2, 1987 | Present | |
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|
Nita Lowey (born 1937) |
Democratic | New York's 20th, 18th, & 17th | January 3, 1989 | January 3, 2021 | Retired |
|
Jolene Unsoeld (1931–2021) |
Democratic | Washington's 3rd | January 3, 1989 | January 3, 1995 | Lost reelection |
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|
Jill Long-Thompson (born 1952) |
Democratic | Indiana's 4th | March 20, 1989 | January 3, 1995 | Lost reelection |
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|
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen (born 1952) |
Republican | Florida's 18th & 27th | August 29, 1989 | January 3, 2019 | Retired |
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|
Susan Molinari (born 1958) [bo] |
Republican | New York's 14th & 13th | March 20, 1990 | August 2, 1997 | Resigned to become co-host of CBS This Morning |
|
Barbara-Rose Collins (1939–2021) |
Democratic | Michigan's 13th & 15th | January 3, 1991 | January 3, 1997 | Lost renomination |
|
Rosa DeLauro (born 1943) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 3rd | January 3, 1991 | Present | |
|
Eleanor Holmes-Norton (born 1937) |
Democratic | DC at-large | January 3, 1991 | Present | |
|
Joan Horn (born 1936) |
Democratic | Missouri's 2nd | January 3, 1991 | January 3, 1993 | Lost reelection |
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|
Maxine Waters (born 1938) |
Democratic | California's 29th, 35th, & 43rd | January 3, 1991 | Present | |
|
Eva M. Clayton (born 1934) |
Democratic | North Carolina's 1st | November 3, 1992 | January 3, 2001 | Retired |
Female members whose service began between 1993 and 2002Edit
| Portrait | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Term start | Term end | Reason(s) for leaving |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Corrine Brown (born 1946) |
Democratic | Florida's 3rd & 5th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 2017 | Lost renomination |
|
Leslie L. Byrne (born 1946) |
Democratic | Virginia's 11th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 1995 | Lost reelection |
|
Maria Cantwell (born 1958) |
Democratic | Washington's 1st | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 1995 | Lost reelection[bp] |
|
Pat Danner (born 1934) |
Democratic | Missouri's 6th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 2001 | Retired |
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|
Jennifer Dunn (1941–2007) |
Republican | Washington's 8th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 2005 | Retired |
|
Karan English (born 1949) |
Democratic | Arizona's 6th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 1995 | Lost reelection |
|
Anna Eshoo (born 1942) |
Democratic | California's 14th & 18th | January 3, 1993 | Present | |
|
Tillie K. Fowler (1942–2005) |
Republican | Florida's 4th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 2001 | Retired |
|
Elizabeth Furse (1936–2021) |
Democratic | Oregon's 1st | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 1999 | Retired |
|
Jane Harman (born 1945) |
Democratic | California's 36th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 1999 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the 1998 California gubernatorial election |
| January 3, 2001 | February 28, 2011 | Resigned to become the Director, President, and Chief Executive Officer of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars | ||||
|
Eddie Johnson (born 1936) |
Democratic | Texas's 30th | January 3, 1993 | Present | |
|
Blanche Lincoln (born 1960) |
Democratic | Arkansas's 1st | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 1997 | Retired[bq] |
|
Carolyn Maloney (born 1946) |
Democratic | New York's 14th & 12th | January 3, 1993 | Present | |
|
Marjorie Margolies-Mezvinsky (born 1942) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 13th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 1995 | Lost reelection |
|
Cynthia McKinney (born 1955) |
Democratic | Georgia's 11th & 4th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 2003 | Lost renomination |
| Georgia's 4th | January 3, 2005 | January 3, 2007 | Lost renomination[br] | |||
|
Carrie P. Meek (1926–2021) |
Democratic | Florida's 17th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 2003 | Retired |
|
Deborah Pryce (born 1951) |
Republican | Ohio's 15th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 2009 | Retired |
|
Lucille Roybal-Allard (born 1941) [bs] |
Democratic | California's 33rd, 34th, & 40th | January 3, 1993 | Present | |
|
Lynn Schenk (born 1945) |
Democratic | California's 49th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 1995 | Lost reelection |
|
Karen Shepherd (born 1940) |
Democratic | Utah's 2nd | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 1995 | Lost reelection |
|
Karen Thurman (born 1951) |
Democratic | Florida's 5th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 2003 | Lost reelection |
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|
Nydia Velázquez (born 1953) |
Democratic | New York's 12th & 7th | January 3, 1993 | Present | |
|
Lynn Woolsey (born 1937) |
Democratic | California's 6th | January 3, 1993 | January 3, 2013 | Retired |
|
Helen Chenoweth (1938–2006) |
Republican | Idaho's 1st | January 3, 1995 | January 3, 2001 | Retired |
|
Barbara Cubin (born 1946) |
Republican | Wyoming's at-large | January 3, 1995 | January 3, 2009 | Retired |
|
Sheila Jackson-Lee (born 1950) |
Democratic | Texas's 18th | January 3, 1995 | Present | |
|
Sue Kelly (born 1936) |
Republican | New York's 19th | January 3, 1995 | January 3, 2007 | Lost reelection |
|
Zoe Lofgren (born 1947) |
Democratic | California's 16th & 19th | January 3, 1995 | Present | |
|
Karen McCarthy (1947–2010) |
Democratic | Missouri's 5th | January 3, 1995 | January 3, 2005 | Retired |
|
Sue Myrick (born 1941) |
Republican | North Carolina's 9th | January 3, 1995 | January 3, 2013 | Retired |
|
Lynn N. Rivers (born 1956) |
Democratic | Michigan's 13th | January 3, 1995 | January 3, 2003 | Lost renomination |
|
Andrea Seastrand (born 1941) |
Republican | California's 22nd | January 3, 1995 | January 3, 1997 | Lost reelection |
|
Linda Smith (born 1950) |
Republican | Washington's 3rd | January 3, 1995 | January 3, 1999 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 1998 United States Senate election in Washington |
|
Enid Greene Waldholtz (born 1958) |
Republican | Utah's 2nd | January 3, 1995 | January 3, 1997 | Retired |
|
Juanita Millender-McDonald (1938–2007) |
Democratic | California's 37th | March 26, 1996 | April 22, 2007 | Died in office |
|
Jo Ann Emerson (born 1950) [bt] |
Republican | Missouri's 8th | November 5, 1996 | January 3, 1997 | Retook seat as an independent, having been reelected under that designation |
| Independent | January 3, 1997 | January 8, 1997 | Changed party back to Republican | |||
| Republican | January 8, 1997 | January 22, 2013 | Resigned to become the President and Chief Executive Officer of the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association | |||
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|
Julia Carson (1938–2007) [bu] |
Democratic | Indiana's 10th & 7th | January 3, 1997 | December 15, 2007 | Died in office |
|
Carolyn Cheeks-Kilpatrick (born 1945) |
Democratic | Michigan's 15th & 13th | January 3, 1997 | January 3, 2011 | Lost renomination |
|
Donna Christian-Christensen (born 1945) |
Democratic | U.S. Virgin Island's at-large | January 3, 1997 | January 3, 2015 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2014 United States Virgin Islands gubernatorial election |
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|
Diana DeGette (born 1957) |
Democratic | Colorado's 1st | January 3, 1997 | Present | |
|
Kay Granger (born 1943) |
Republican | Texas's 12th | January 3, 1997 | Present | |
|
Darlene Hooley (born 1939) |
Democratic | Oregon's 5th | January 3, 1997 | January 3, 2009 | Retired |
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|
Carolyn McCarthy (born 1944) |
Democratic | New York's 4th | January 3, 1997 | January 3, 2015 | Retired |
|
Anne Northup (born 1948) |
Republican | Kentucky's 3rd | January 3, 1997 | January 3, 2007 | Lost reelection |
|
Loretta Sánchez (born 1960) [bv] |
Democratic | California's 46th, 47th, & 46th | January 3, 1997 | January 3, 2017 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2016 United States Senate election in California |
|
Debbie Stabenow (born 1950) |
Democratic | Michigan's 8th | January 3, 1997 | January 3, 2001 | Retired to run successfully for the 2000 United States Senate election in Michigan |
|
Ellen Tauscher (1951–2019) |
Democratic | California's 10th | January 3, 1997 | June 26, 2009 | Resigned to become Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs |
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|
Lois Capps (born 1938) [bw] |
Democratic | California's 22nd, 23rd, & 24th | March 10, 1998 | January 3, 2017 | Retired |
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|
Mary Bono (born 1961) [bx] |
Republican | California's 44th & 45th | April 7, 1998 | January 3, 2013 | Lost reelection |
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|
Barbara Lee (born 1946) |
Democratic | California's 9th & 13th | April 7, 1998 | Present | |
|
Heather Wilson (born 1960) |
Republican | New Mexico's 1st | June 25, 1998 | January 3, 2009 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the 2008 United States Senate election in New Mexico[by] |
|
Tammy Baldwin (born 1962) [bz] |
Democratic | Wisconsin's 2nd | January 3, 1999 | January 3, 2013 | Retired to run successfully for the 2012 United States Senate election in Wisconsin |
|
Shelley Berkley (born 1951) |
Democratic | Nevada's 1st | January 3, 1999 | January 3, 2013 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2012 United States Senate election in Nevada |
|
Judy Biggert (born 1937) |
Republican | Illinois's 13th | January 3, 1999 | January 3, 2013 | Lost reelection |
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|
Grace Napolitano (born 1936) |
Democratic | California's 34th, 38th, & 32nd | January 3, 1999 | Present | |
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|
Jan Schakowsky (born 1944) |
Democratic | Illinois's 9th | January 3, 1999 | Present | |
|
Stephanie Tubbs Jones (1949–2008) |
Democratic | Ohio's 11th | January 3, 1999 | August 20, 2008 | Died in office |
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|
Shelley Moore Capito (born 1953) |
Republican | West Virginia's 2nd | January 3, 2001 | January 3, 2015 | Retired to run successfully for the 2014 United States Senate election in West Virginia |
|
Jo Ann Davis (1950–2007) |
Republican | Virginia's 1st | January 3, 2001 | October 6, 2007 | Died in office |
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|
Susan Davis (born 1944) |
Democratic | California's 49th & 53rd | January 3, 2001 | January 3, 2021 | Retired |
|
Melissa Hart (born 1962) |
Republican | Pennsylvania's 4th | January 3, 2001 | January 3, 2007 | Lost reelection |
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|
Betty McCollum (born 1954) |
Democratic (DFL) | Minnesota's 4th | January 3, 2001 | Present | |
|
Hilda Solis (born 1957) |
Democratic | California's 31st & 32nd | January 3, 2001 | February 24, 2009 | Resigned to become United States Secretary of Labor |
|
Diane Watson (born 1933) [ca] |
Democratic | California's 32nd & 33rd | June 5, 2001 | January 3, 2011 | Retired |
Female members whose service began between 2003 and 2012Edit
| Portrait | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Term start | Term end | Reason(s) for leaving |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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|
Marsha Blackburn (born 1952) |
Republican | Tennessee's 7th | January 3, 2003 | January 3, 2019 | Retired to run successfully for the 2018 United States Senate election in Tennessee |
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|
Madeleine Bordallo (born 1933) [cb] |
Democratic | Guam's at-large | January 3, 2003 | January 3, 2019 | Lost renomination |
|
Ginny Brown-Waite (born 1943) |
Republican | Florida's 5th | January 3, 2003 | January 3, 2011 | Retired |
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|
Katherine Harris (born 1957) [cc] |
Republican | Florida's 13th | January 3, 2003 | January 3, 2007 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2006 United States Senate election in Florida |
|
Denise Majette (born 1955) |
Democratic | Georgia's 4th | January 3, 2003 | January 3, 2005 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2004 United States Senate election in Georgia |
|
Candice Miller (born 1954) [cd] |
Republican | Michigan's 10th | January 3, 2003 | January 3, 2017 | Retired to run successfully for Public Works Commissioner of Macomb County |
|
Marilyn Musgrave (born 1949) |
Republican | Colorado's 4th | January 3, 2003 | January 3, 2009 | Lost reelection |
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|
Linda Sánchez (born 1969) [ce] |
Democratic | California's 39th & 38th | January 3, 2003 | present | |
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|
Stephanie Herseth-Sandlin (born 1970) |
Democratic | South Dakota's at-large | June 1, 2004 | January 3, 2011 | Lost reelection |
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|
Melissa Bean (born 1962) |
Democratic | Illinois's 8th | January 3, 2005 | January 3, 2011 | Lost reelection |
|
Thelma Drake (born 1949) |
Republican | Virginia's 2nd | January 3, 2005 | January 3, 2009 | Lost reelection |
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|
Virginia Foxx (born 1944) |
Republican | North Carolina's 5th | January 3, 2005 | present | |
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|
Cathy McMorris-Rodgers (born 1969) |
Republican | Washington's 5th | January 3, 2005 | present | |
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|
Gwen Moore (born 1951) |
Democratic | Wisconsin's 4th | January 3, 2005 | present | |
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|
Allyson Schwartz (born 1948) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 13th | January 3, 2005 | January 3, 2015 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the 2014 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election |
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|
Debbie Wasserman-Schultz (born 1966) |
Democratic | Florida's 20th & 23rd | January 3, 2005 | present | |
.JPG)
|
Doris Matsui (born 1944) [cf] |
Democratic | California's 5th & 6th | March 3, 2005 | present | |
|
Jean Schmidt (born 1951) |
Republican | Ohio's 2nd | September 6, 2005 | January 3, 2013 | Lost renomination |
|
Shelley Sekula-Gibbs (born 1953) |
Republican | Texas's 22nd | November 13, 2006 | January 3, 2007 | Lost election to full term |
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|
Michele Bachmann (born 1956) |
Republican | Minnesota's 6th | January 3, 2007 | January 3, 2015 | Retired |
.JPG)
|
Nancy Boyda (born 1955) |
Democratic | Kansas's 2nd | January 3, 2007 | January 3, 2009 | Lost reelection |
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|
Kathy Castor (born 1966) |
Democratic | Florida's 11th & 14th | January 3, 2007 | present | |
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|
Yvette Clarke (born 1964) |
Democratic | New York's 11th & 9th | January 3, 2007 | present | |
|
Mary Fallin (born 1954) [cg] |
Republican | Oklahoma's 5th | January 3, 2007 | January 3, 2011 | Retired to run successfully for the 2010 Oklahoma gubernatorial election |
|
Gabrielle Giffords (born 1970) |
Democratic | Arizona's 8th | January 3, 2007 | January 25, 2012 | Resigned due to the injuries from being shot in the head at close range during an assassination attempt during the 2011 Tucson shooting |
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|
Kirsten Gillibrand (born 1966) |
Democratic | New York's 20th | January 3, 2007 | January 25, 2009 | Resigned after being appointed to the United States Senate[ch] |
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|
Mazie Hirono (born 1947) |
Democratic | Hawaii's 2nd | January 3, 2007 | January 3, 2013 | Retired to run successfully for the 2012 United States Senate election in Hawaii |
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|
Carol Shea-Porter (born 1952) |
Democratic | New Hampshire's 1st | January 3, 2007 | January 3, 2011 | Lost reelection |
| January 3, 2013 | January 3, 2015 | Lost reelection | ||||
| January 3, 2017 | January 3, 2019 | Retired | ||||
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|
Betty Sutton (born 1963) |
Democratic | Ohio's 13th | January 3, 2007 | January 3, 2013 | Lost reelection |
|
Laura Richardson (born 1962) |
Democratic | California's 37th | August 21, 2007 | January 3, 2013 | Lost reelection |
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|
Niki Tsongas (born 1946) [ci] |
Democratic | Massachusetts's 5th & 3rd | October 16, 2007 | January 3, 2019 | Retired |
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|
Jackie Speier (born 1950) |
Democratic | California's 12th & 14th | April 8, 2008 | present | |
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|
Donna Edwards (born 1958) |
Democratic | Maryland's 4th | June 17, 2008 | January 3, 2017 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the 2016 United States Senate election in Maryland |
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|
Marcia Fudge (born 1952) |
Democratic | Ohio's 11th | November 18, 2008 | March 10, 2021 | Resigned to become United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development |
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|
Kathy Dahlkemper (born 1957) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 3rd | January 3, 2009 | January 3, 2011 | Lost reelection |
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|
Debbie Halvorson (born 1958) |
Democratic | Illinois's 11th | January 3, 2009 | January 3, 2011 | Lost reelection |
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|
Lynn Jenkins (born 1963) [cj] |
Republican | Kansas's 2nd | January 3, 2009 | January 3, 2019 | Retired |
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|
Mary Jo Kilroy (born 1949) |
Democratic | Ohio's 15th | January 3, 2009 | January 3, 2011 | Lost reelection |
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|
Ann Kirkpatrick (born 1950) |
Democratic | Arizona's 1st | January 3, 2009 | January 3, 2011 | Lost reelection |
| January 3, 2013 | January 3, 2017 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2016 United States Senate election in Arizona | ||||
| Arizona's 2nd | January 3, 2019 | present | ||||
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|
Suzanne Kosmas (born 1944) |
Democratic | Florida's 24th | January 3, 2009 | January 3, 2011 | Lost reelection |
|
Cynthia Lummis (born 1954) [ck] |
Republican | Wyoming's at-large | January 3, 2009 | January 3, 2017 | Retired[cl] |
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|
Betsy Markey (born 1956) |
Democratic | Colorado's 4th | January 3, 2009 | January 3, 2011 | Lost reelection |
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|
Chellie Pingree (born 1955) |
Democratic | Maine's 1st | January 3, 2009 | present | |
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|
Dina Titus (born 1950) |
Democratic | Nevada's 3rd | January 3, 2009 | January 3, 2011 | Lost reelection |
| Nevada's 1st | January 3, 2013 | present | ||||
|
Judy Chu (born 1953) [cm] |
Democratic | California's 32nd & 27th | June 19, 2009 | present | |
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|
Sandy Adams (born 1956) |
Republican | Florida's 24th | January 3, 2011 | January 3, 2013 | Lost renomination |
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|
Karen Bass (born 1953) |
Democratic | California's 33rd & 37th | January 3, 2011 | present | |
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|
Diane Black (born 1951) |
Republican | Tennessee's 6th | January 3, 2011 | January 3, 2019 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the 2018 Tennessee gubernatorial election |
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|
Ann Marie Buerkle (born 1951) |
Republican | New York's 25th | January 3, 2011 | January 3, 2013 | Lost reelection |
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|
Renee Ellmers (born 1964) |
Republican | North Carolina's 2nd | January 3, 2011 | January 3, 2017 | Lost renomination |
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|
Colleen Hanabusa (born 1951) |
Democratic | Hawaii's 1st | January 3, 2011 | January 3, 2015 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the 2014 United States Senate special election in Hawaii |
| November 14, 2016 | January 3, 2019 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the Democratic nomination for the 2018 Hawaii gubernatorial election | ||||
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|
Vicky Hartzler (born 1960) |
Republican | Missouri's 4th | January 3, 2011 | present | |
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|
Nan Hayworth (born 1959) |
Republican | New York's 19th | January 3, 2011 | January 3, 2013 | Lost reelection |
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|
Jaime Herrera-Beutler (born 1978) |
Republican | Washington's 3rd | January 3, 2011 | present | |
|
Kristi Noem (born 1971) |
Republican | South Dakota's at-large | January 3, 2011 | January 3, 2019 | Retired to run successfully for the 2018 South Dakota gubernatorial election |
|
Martha Roby (born 1976) |
Republican | Alabama's 2nd | January 3, 2011 | January 3, 2021 | Retired |
|
Terri Sewell (born 1965) |
Democratic | Alabama's 7th | January 3, 2011 | present | |
|
Frederica Wilson (born 1942) |
Democratic | Florida's 17th & 24th | January 3, 2011 | present | |
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|
Kathy Hochul (born 1958) |
Democratic | New York's 26th | June 1, 2011 | January 3, 2013 | Lost reelection[cn] |
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|
Janice Hahn (born 1952) |
Democratic | California's 36th & 44th | July 12, 2011 | December 4, 2016 | Retired to run successfully for Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors |
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|
Suzanne Bonamici (born 1954) |
Democratic | Oregon's 1st | January 21, 2012 | present | |
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|
Suzan DelBene (born 1962) |
Democratic | Washington's 1st | November 6, 2012 | present |
Female members whose service began between 2013 and presentEdit
| Portrait | Name (lifespan) |
Party | District | Term start | Term end | Reason(s) for leaving |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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|
Joyce Beatty (born 1950) |
Democratic | Ohio's 3rd | January 3, 2013 | Present | |
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|
Susan Brooks (born 1960) [co] |
Republican | Indiana's 5th | January 3, 2013 | January 3, 2021 | Retired |
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|
Julia Brownley (born 1952) |
Democratic | California's 26th | January 3, 2013 | Present | |
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|
Cheri Bustos (born 1961) |
Democratic | Illinois's 17th | January 3, 2013 | Present | |
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|
Tammy Duckworth (born 1968) [cp] |
Democratic | Illinois's 8th | January 3, 2013 | January 3, 2017 | Retired to run successfully for the 2016 United States Senate election in Illinois |
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|
Elizabeth Esty (born 1959) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 5th | January 3, 2013 | January 3, 2019 | Retired |
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|
Lois Frankel (born 1948) |
Democratic | Florida's 22nd & 21st | January 3, 2013 | Present | |
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|
Tulsi Gabbard (born 1981) [cq] |
Democratic | Hawaii's 2nd | January 3, 2013 | January 3, 2021 | Retired to run unsuccessfully in the Democratic primary for the 2020 United States presidential election |
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|
Michelle Lujan-Grisham (born 1959) |
Democratic | New Mexico's 1st | January 3, 2013 | December 31, 2018 | Retired to run successfully for Governor of New Mexico |
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|
Ann McLane-Kuster (born 1956) |
Democratic | New Hampshire's 2nd | January 3, 2013 | Present | |
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|
Grace Meng (born 1975) |
Democratic | New York's 6th | January 3, 2013 | Present | |
|
Gloria Negrete-McLeod (born 1941) |
Democratic | California's 35th | January 3, 2013 | January 3, 2015 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors |
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|
Kyrsten Sinema (born 1976) [cr] |
Democratic | Arizona's 9th | January 3, 2013 | January 3, 2019 | Retired to run successfully for the 2018 United States Senate election in Arizona |
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|
Ann Wagner (born 1962) [cs] |
Republican | Missouri's 2nd | January 3, 2013 | Present | |
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|
Jackie Walorski (born 1963) |
Republican | Indiana's 2nd | January 3, 2013 | Present | |
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|
Robin Kelly (born 1956) |
Democratic | Illinois's 2nd | April 11, 2013 | Present | |
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|
Katherine Clark (born 1963) |
Democratic | Massachusetts's 5th | December 10, 2013 | Present | |
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|
Alma Adams (born 1946) |
Democratic | North Carolina's 12th | November 12, 2014 | Present | |
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|
Barbara Comstock (born 1959) |
Republican | Virginia's 10th | January 3, 2015 | January 3, 2019 | Lost reelection |
|
Debbie Dingell (born 1953) [ct] |
Democratic | Michigan's 12th | January 3, 2015 | Present | |
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|
Gwen Graham (born 1963) [cu] |
Democratic | Florida's 2nd | January 3, 2015 | January 3, 2017 | Retired |
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|
Brenda Lawrence (born 1954) |
Democratic | Michigan's 14th | January 3, 2015 | Present | |
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|
Mia Love (born 1975) [cv] |
Republican | Utah's 4th | January 3, 2015 | January 3, 2019 | Lost reelection |
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|
Martha McSally (born 1966) |
Republican | Arizona's 2nd | January 3, 2015 | January 3, 2019 | Retired to run unsuccessfully for the 2018 United States Senate election in Arizona[cw] |
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|
Stacey Plaskett (born 1966) |
Democratic | U.S. Virgin Island's at-large | January 3, 2015 | Present | |
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|
Amata Radewagen (born 1947) [cx][34][35] |
Republican | American Samoa's at-large | January 3, 2015 | Present | |
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|
Kathleen Rice (born 1965) |
Democratic | New York's 4th | January 3, 2015 | Present | |
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|
Elise Stefanik (born 1984) |
Republican | New York's 21st | January 3, 2015 | Present | |
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|
Norma Torres (born 1965) |
Democratic | California's 35th | January 3, 2015 | Present | |
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|
Mimi Walters (born 1962) |
Republican | California's 45th | January 3, 2015 | January 3, 2019 | Lost reelection |
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|
Bonnie Watson-Coleman (born 1945) |
Democratic | New Jersey's 12th | January 3, 2015 | Present | |
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|
Nanette Barragán (born 1976) |
Democratic | California's 44th | January 3, 2017 | Present | |
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|
Lisa Blunt-Rochester (born 1962) |
Democratic | Delaware at-large | January 3, 2017 | Present | |
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|
Liz Cheney (born 1966) [cy] |
Republican | Wyoming's at-large | January 3, 2017 | Present | |
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|
Val Demings (born 1957) [cz] |
Democratic | Florida's 10th | January 3, 2017 | Present | |
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|
Jenniffer González (born 1976) [da] |
Republican | Puerto Rico's at-large | January 3, 2017 | Present | |
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|
Pramila Jayapal (born 1965) [db] |
Democratic | Washington's 7th | January 3, 2017 | Present | |
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|
Stephanie Murphy (born 1978) [dc] |
Democratic | Florida's 7th | January 3, 2017 | Present | |
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|
Jacky Rosen (born 1957) |
Democratic | Nevada's 3rd | January 3, 2017 | January 3, 2019 | Retired to run successfully for the 2018 United States Senate election in Nevada |
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|
Claudia Tenney (born 1961) |
Republican | New York's 22nd | January 3, 2017 | January 3, 2019 | Lost reelection |
| February 11, 2021[dd] | Present | |||||
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|
Karen Handel (born 1962) [de] |
Republican | Georgia's 6th | June 26, 2017 | January 3, 2019 | Lost reelection |
|
Debbie Lesko (born 1958) |
Republican | Arizona's 8th | May 7, 2018 | Present | |
|
Mary Gay Scanlon (born 1959) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 7th & 5th | November 13, 2018 | present | |
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|
Susan Wild (born 1957) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 15th & 7th | November 27, 2018 | present | |
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|
Brenda Jones (born 1959) |
Democratic | Michigan's 13th | November 29, 2018 | January 3, 2019 | Term expired |
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|
Cindy Axne (born 1965) |
Democratic | Iowa's 3rd | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Angie Craig (born 1972) |
Democratic (DFL) | Minnesota's 2nd | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Sharice Davids (born 1980) [df] |
Democratic | Kansas's 3rd | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Madeleine Dean (born 1959) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 4th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Veronica Escobar (born 1969) |
Democratic | Texas's 16th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Abby Finkenauer (born 1988) |
Democratic | Iowa's 1st | January 3, 2019 | January 3, 2021 | Lost reelection |
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|
Lizzie Fletcher (born 1975) |
Democratic | Texas's 7th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Sylvia Garcia (born 1950) |
Democratic | Texas's 29th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Deb Haaland (born 1960) [dg] |
Democratic | New Mexico's 1st | January 3, 2019 | March 16, 2021 | Resigned to become United States Secretary of the Interior |
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|
Jahana Hayes (born 1973) |
Democratic | Connecticut's 5th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
|
Katie Hill (born 1987) |
Democratic | California's 25th | January 3, 2019 | November 3, 2019 | Resigned amid allegations of inappropriate sexual relationships[38] |
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|
Kendra Horn (born 1976) |
Democratic | Oklahoma's 5th | January 3, 2019 | January 3, 2021 | Lost reelection |
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|
Chrissy Houlahan (born 1968) |
Democratic | Pennsylvania's 6th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Susie Lee (born 1966) |
Democratic | Nevada's 3rd | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Elaine Luria (born 1975) |
Democratic | Virginia's 2nd | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Lucy McBath (born 1960) |
Democratic | Georgia's 6th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Carol Miller (born 1950) [dh] |
Republican | West Virginia's 3rd | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Debbie Mucarsel-Powell (born 1971) |
Democratic | Florida's 26th | January 3, 2019 | January 3, 2021 | Lost reelection |
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|
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (born 1989) [di] |
Democratic | New York's 14th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Ilhan Omar (born 1981) [dj] |
Democratic (DFL) | Minnesota's 5th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Katie Porter (born 1974) |
Democratic | California's 45th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Ayanna Pressley (born 1974) |
Democratic | Massachusetts's 7th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Kim Schrier (born 1968) |
Democratic | Washington's 8th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Donna Shalala (born 1941) [dk] |
Democratic | Florida's 27th | January 3, 2019 | January 3, 2021 | Lost reelection |
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|
Mikie Sherrill (born 1972) |
Democratic | New Jersey's 11th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Elissa Slotkin (born 1976) |
Democratic | Michigan's 8th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Abigail Spanberger (born 1979) |
Democratic | Virginia's 7th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Haley Stevens (born 1983) |
Democratic | Michigan's 11th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Rashida Tlaib (born 1976) [dl] |
Democratic | Michigan's 13th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Xochitl Torres Small (born 1984) |
Democratic | New Mexico's 2nd | January 3, 2019 | January 3, 2021 | Lost reelection |
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|
Lori Trahan (born 1973) [dm] |
Democratic | Massachusetts's 3rd | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Lauren Underwood (born 1986) |
Democratic | Illinois's 14th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Jennifer Wexton (born 1968) |
Democratic | Virginia's 10th | January 3, 2019 | Present | |
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|
Stephanie Bice (born 1973) [dn] |
Republican | Oklahoma's 5th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Lauren Boebert (born 1986) |
Republican | Colorado's 3rd | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Carolyn Bourdeaux (born 1970) |
Democratic | Georgia's 7th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Cori Bush (born 1974) |
Democratic | Missouri's 1st | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Kat Cammack (born 1988) |
Republican | Florida's 3rd | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Michelle Fischbach (born 1965) [do] |
Republican | Minnesota's 7th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Marjorie Taylor Greene (born 1974) |
Republican | Georgia's 14th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Diana Harshbarger (born 1960) |
Republican | Tennessee's 1st | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Yvette Herrell (born 1964) [dp] |
Republican | New Mexico's 2nd | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Ashley Hinson (born 1983) |
Republican | Iowa's 1st | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
|
Sara Jacobs (born 1989) |
Democratic | California's 53rd | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Young Kim (born 1962) [dq] |
Republican | California's 39th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Teresa Leger Fernandez (born 1959) |
Democratic | New Mexico's 3rd | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Nancy Mace (born 1977) [dr] |
Republican | South Carolina's 1st | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Nicole Malliotakis (born 1980) |
Republican | New York's 11th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Kathy Manning (born 1956) |
Democratic | North Carolina's 6th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Lisa McClain (born 1966) |
Republican | Michigan's 10th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Mary Miller (born 1959) |
Republican | Illinois's 15th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Mariannette Miller-Meeks (born 1955) |
Republican | Iowa's 2nd | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Marie Newman (born 1964) |
Democratic | Illinois's 3rd | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Deborah Ross (born 1963) |
Democratic | North Carolina's 2nd | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Maria Elvira Salazar (born 1961) |
Republican | Florida's 27th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Victoria Spartz (born 1978) [ds] |
Republican | Indiana's 5th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Michelle Steel (born 1955) [dq] |
Republican | California's 48th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Marilyn Strickland (born 1962) [dq][dt] |
Democratic | Washington's 10th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Beth Van Duyne (born 1970) |
Republican | Texas's 24th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Nikema Williams (born 1978) |
Democratic | Georgia's 5th | January 3, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Julia Letlow (born 1981) |
Republican | Louisiana's 5th | April 14, 2021 | Present | |
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|
Melanie Stansbury (born 1979) |
Democratic | New Mexico's 1st | June 14, 2021 | Present | |
|
Shontel Brown (born 1975) |
Democratic | Ohio's 11th | November 4, 2021 | Present | |
|
Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick (born 1979) |
Democratic | Florida's 20th | January 18, 2022 | Present | |
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|
Connie Conway (born 1950) |
California's 22nd | June 14, 2022 | Present | ||
|
Mayra Flores (born 1986) |
Texas's 34th | June 21, 2022 | Present |
Current female membersEdit
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PregnanciesEdit
There have been eleven female members of the House of Representatives who were pregnant and gave birth at least once during their tenure (two members three times).[39]
| Representatives who have been pregnant while in office | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Congresswoman | State | Party | Date of delivery | Mother's age | Notes |
| Yvonne Brathwaite Burke | California | Democratic | November 23, 1973 | 41 | The daughter, Autumn Burke, became notable in her own right. |
| Enid Greene Waldholtz | Utah | Republican | August 31, 1995 | 37 | [40] |
| Susan Molinari | New York | Republican | May 10, 1996 | 38 | The child's father was fellow congressman Bill Paxon.[41] |
| Blanche Lincoln | Arkansas | Democratic | June 1996 | 35 | Chose not to run for reelection due to the pregnancy. Gave birth to twin boys.[42] |
| Cathy McMorris Rodgers | Washington | Republican | April 29, 2007 | 37 | [43] |
| Kirsten Gillibrand | New York | Democratic | May 15, 2008 | 41 | [44] |
| Stephanie Herseth Sandlin | South Dakota | Democratic | December 15, 2008 | 38 | The child's father was former congressman Max Sandlin.[45] |
| Linda Sánchez | California | Democratic | May 13, 2009 | 40 | Unmarried when pregnancy announced, married a month before delivery[46] |
| Cathy McMorris Rodgers | Washington | Republican | December 1, 2010 | 41 | First member to give birth in office twice[47] |
| Jaime Herrera Beutler | Washington | Republican | July 15, 2013 | 34 | [48] |
| Cathy McMorris Rodgers | Washington | Republican | November 24, 2013 | 44 | First member to give birth in office three times[49] |
| Tammy Duckworth | Illinois | Democratic | November 18, 2014 | 46 | Would later go on to become the first and thus far only woman to give birth while a sitting US Senator.[50] |
| Jaime Herrera Beutler | Washington | Republican | May 18, 2016 | 37 | [51] |
| Jaime Herrera Beutler | Washington | Republican | May 21, 2019 | 40 | [52] |
| Elise Stefanik | New York | Republican | Aug 27, 2021 | 37 | [53] |
See alsoEdit
NotesEdit
- ^ Farrington represented the Territory of Hawaii as a non-voting delegate; the State of Hawaii's first female Representative was Patsy Mink in 1965.
- ^ Julia Letlow won the seat that her late husband, Luke, won but died before being seated.
- ^ First woman elected to a national office
Voted against declaration of war against Germany in 1917
Only member of Congress to vote against declaration of war against Japan in 1941 - ^ First woman to defeat an incumbent congressman and to preside over the House
- ^ First woman incumbent defeated in a primary
First woman to win a special election
Succeeded her father in a special election - ^ Succeeded her husband
First Catholic woman to serve in Congress - ^ First woman to be reelected
First Jewish woman elected
Succeeded her husband - ^ First Democratic woman elected
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Served in the same seat as her husband (though she did not immediately succeed him)
Daughter of James M. Gudger Jr. - ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Daughter of Mark Hanna
- ^ Daughter of William Jennings Bryan
- ^ Later became United States Ambassador to Denmark
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Later became United States Ambassador to Italy and United States Ambassador to Brazil
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ First woman born outside of the United States to be elected
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ First woman territorial delegate
Succeeded her husband - ^ Only female member to sign the Southern Manifesto
- ^ Later became Lieutenant Governor of Michigan
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Later became Treasurer of the United States
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
Daughter of Guy D. Goff - ^ Succeeded her husband
Formerly oldest woman elected to Congress (at age 68) - ^ a b Succeeded her husband as nominee before election
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ First Japanese American woman elected
- ^ Later became Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Later became United States Secretary of Health and Human Services and United States Ambassador to Ireland
- ^ First African-American woman elected
First African-American woman to run for major party's presidential nomination - ^ a b Previously served as Connecticut Secretary of State
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Later became United States Ambassador to the Holy See
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Daughter of Ogden H. Hammond
- ^ Later became United States Ambassador to the United Nations Agencies for Food and Agriculture
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ First Arab (Lebanese and Syrian) American woman elected
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Later became United States Ambassador to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights
- ^ Later became United States Secretary of Labor
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ First Hispanic woman elected
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Later became United States Ambassador to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
- ^ Daughter of Olin D. Johnston
- ^ Later became Administrator of the Small Business Administration
- ^ First woman Speaker of the United States House of Representatives
First woman party leader
Daughter of Thomas D'Alesandro Jr. - ^ Daughter of Guy Molinari
- ^ Later ran successfully for the 2000 United States Senate election in Washington
- ^ Later ran successfully for the 1998 United States Senate election in Arkansas
- ^ Ran for President of the United States as the nominee of the Green Party for the 2008 United States presidential election
- ^ Daughter of Edward R. Roybal
- ^ First woman (re)elected to Congress as an independent candidate
Succeeded her husband - ^ Grandmother of André Carson
- ^ Sister of Linda Sánchez
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Later became Secretary of the Air Force
- ^ First openly lesbian member
- ^ Previously served as United States Ambassador to Micronesia
- ^ Previously served as Lieutenant Governor of Guam
- ^ Previously served as Florida Secretary of State
- ^ Previously served as Michigan Secretary of State
- ^ Sister of Loretta Sanchez
- ^ Succeeded her husband
- ^ Previously served as Lieutenant Governor of Oklahoma
- ^ Later ran successfully for the 2010 United States Senate special election in New York
- ^ Served in the same seat as her husband (but she did not immediately succeed him)
- ^ Previously served as Kansas Treasurer
- ^ Previously served as Wyoming Treasurer
- ^ Later ran successfully for the 2020 United States Senate election in Wyoming
- ^ First Chinese American woman elected
- ^ Later became Lieutenant Governor, then Governor of New York
- ^ Previously served as United States Attorney for the Southern District of Indiana
- ^ First Amerasian or Eurasian woman elected
Previously served as Assistant Secretary of Veterans Affairs for Public and Intergovernmental Affairs - ^ First Hindu elected to Congress
- ^ First openly bisexual woman elected
- ^ Previously served as United States Ambassador to Luxembourg
- ^ First woman to succeed her husband while he was still alive
Succeeded her husband - ^ Daughter of Bob Graham
- ^ First African-American Republican woman elected to Congress
- ^ Later appointed to the United States Senate
- ^ First woman to represent American Samoa in the U.S. Congress
Daughter of Peter Tali Coleman - ^ Daughter of Dick Cheney
- ^ Wife of Jerry Demings
- ^ First woman to represent Puerto Rico in the U.S. Congress.[36]
- ^ First Indian American woman elected
- ^ First Vietnamese American woman elected
- ^ Tenney won the November 2020 election in New York's 22nd congressional district, but certification was delayed due to the closeness of the race and vote-counting issues. She was certified as the winner on February 8, 2021, and she was seated in the 117th Congress on the 11th[37]
- ^ Previously served as Georgia Secretary of State
- ^ One of the first two Native American women (alongside Deb Haaland) elected to Congress
First LGBTQ Native American elected - ^ One of the first two Native American women (alongside Sharice Davids) elected to Congress
First female Native Catholic elected - ^ Daughter of Samuel L. Devine
- ^ Youngest woman elected to Congress (at age 29)
- ^ One of the first two Muslim women (alongside Rashida Tlaib) and first Somali American elected to Congress
- ^ Oldest woman elected to Congress (at age 77)
Previously served as United States Secretary of Health and Human Services - ^ One of the first two Muslim women (alongside Ilhan Omar) and the first Palestinian American woman elected to Congress
- ^ First Portuguese American woman elected
- ^ First Iranian American elected to Congress
- ^ Previously served as Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota
- ^ First Cherokee woman and first Native American female Republican elected to Congress
- ^ a b c One of the first Korean American women elected to Congress
- ^ First woman to graduate from The Citadel, in 1999
- ^ First woman born in the former Soviet Union or Eastern Bloc elected to Congress
- ^ First Afro-Asian American woman elected
- ^ District previously numbered California's 5th congressional district and California's 8th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered California's 29th congressional district and California's 35th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered California's 14th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered New York's 14th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered California's 33rd congressional district and California's 34th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered New York's 12th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered California's 16th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered California's 9th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered California's 34th congressional district and California's 38th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered California's 39th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered Florida's 20th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered California's 5th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered Florida's 11th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered New York's 11th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered California's 12th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered California's 32nd congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered California's 33rd congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered Florida's 17th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered Florida's 22nd congressional district
- ^ Previously served as Representative from Nevada's 3rd congressional district from January 3, 2009 to January 3, 2011
- ^ District previously numbered Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district
- ^ District previously numbered Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district
- ^ Previously served as Representative from Arizona's 1st congressional district from January 3, 2009 to January 3, 2011 and from January 3, 2013 to January 3, 2017
- ^ Previously served as Representative from New York's 22nd congressional district from January 3, 2017 to January 3, 2019
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Katz, Elizabeth D. (July 30, 2021). "Sex, Suffrage, and State Constitutional Law: Women's Legal Right to Hold Public Office". Rochester, NY.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Women Serving in the 117th Congress 2021-22". Center for American Women in Politics. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey.
- ^ "RANKIN, Jeannette". History, Art & Archives. U.S. House of Representatives.
- ^ "'I'm No Lady, I'm a Member of Congress': Women Pioneers on Capitol Hill, 1917–1934" (PDF). Women in Congress 1917–2006. U.S. Government Printing Office. 2006. pp. 24–25.
- ^ "Clare Boothe Luce Becomes a Catholic". The New York Times. February 17, 1946. p. 1. Also published in New York Daily News on the same day.
- ^ "Florence Prag Kahn". Jewish Virtual Library.
- ^ Mariotti, Renato (November 26, 2013). "Rep. Vera Buchanan dies in office, Nov. 26, 1955". Politico. Retrieved April 12, 2018.
- ^ "Women's History Month: Patsy Mink". August House Publishers. February 23, 2018.
- ^ "New Patterns". History, Art & Archives. U.S. House of Representatives.
- ^ "Update: First woman to wear pants on House floor, Rep. Charlotte Reid". The Washington Post. December 21, 2011.
- ^ "CHISHOLM, Shirley Anita". History, Art & Archives. U.S. House of Representatives.
- ^ "Women in Government: A Slim Past, But a Strong Future". Ebony. August 1977. pp. 89–92, 96–98.
- ^ "BURKE, Yvonne Brathwaite". History, Art & Archives. U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved May 4, 2016.
- ^ Michelle Cottle, ed. (April 19, 2018). "Congress Can't Give Up Tradition". The Atlantic. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
- ^ Official Manual State of Missouri 2001–2002. Missouri: Office of the Secretary of State. p. 117.
- ^ "Tommy vs. Tammy rages on: Senate race down to the wire". Reedsburg Times-Press. The Associated Press. October 27, 2012.
- ^ Jon M. Shepard (January 1, 2012). Cengage Advantage Books: Sociology. Cengage Learning. pp. 293–. ISBN 978-1-133-71002-8.
- ^ Blumberg, Antonia (March 7, 2018). "Nancy Pelosi Donates Historic Speaker's Gavel To The Smithsonian For Women's History Month". Huffington Post.
- ^ "Women in U.S. House get new restroom near chamber". USA Today. July 21, 2011.
- ^ "Hindu-American Tulsi Gabbard wins Democratic primary in Hawaii". The Economic Times. August 12, 2012.
- ^ Stephen Prothero (January 3, 2013). "Column: A Hindu moment for Congress". USA Today. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
- ^ "Democrat Kyrsten Sinema beats GOP's Vernon Parker in Arizona's 9th Congressional District". Star Tribune. Associated Press. November 12, 2012. Archived from the original on November 16, 2012.
- ^ Edmondson, Catie; Lee, Jasmine C. (November 28, 2018). "Meet the New Freshmen in Congress". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
- ^ Hess, Abigail Johnson (November 7, 2018). "29-year-old Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez makes history as the youngest woman ever elected to Congress". CNBC. Retrieved January 19, 2021.
- ^ "PAAIA Celebrates Historic Election for Iranian Americans". Public Affairs Alliance of Iranian Americans. November 4, 2020. Retrieved November 7, 2020.
- ^ D'Ammassa, Algernon (November 4, 2020). "Give 'em Herrell: New Mexico's 2nd congressional district back in Republican hands". Las Cruces Sun-News. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
- ^ "Making history: Three Korean American women, two representing California, win seats in Congress". Los Angeles Times. November 15, 2020. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Marilyn Strickland's Black, Korean American roots are 1st for Congress". NBC News. Associated Press. November 7, 2020. Retrieved February 1, 2021.
- ^ "Meet Mayra Flores: First Congresswoman-Elect Born in Mexico". Governing. June 16, 2022. Retrieved June 20, 2022.
- ^ Rachael Dottle, Ella Koeze and Julia Wolfe (November 13, 2018). "The 2018 Midterms, In 4 Charts". FiveThirtyEight.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link) - ^ Women candidates for Congress 1974 - 2018. Center for American Women and Politics. There are separate columns for House and Senate numbers by election. Party and seat summary for major party nominees.
- ^ Manning, Jennifer E.; Brudnick, Ida A. (September 23, 2020). Women in Congress, 1917-2020: Service Dates and Committee Assignments by Member, and Lists by State and Congress (PDF). Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
- ^ "The U.S. Made Zero Progress in Adding Women to Congress". Fortune. November 10, 2016.
- ^ Gay, Roxane (2019). The Women of the 116th Congress: Portraits of Power. The New York Times. Page 28. Abrams. ISBN 9781683357810.
- ^ Kowalewski, Albin (2018). Asian and Pacific Islander Americans in Congress, 1900-2017. Government Printing Office. Page 558. ISBN 9780160940408.
- ^ "Jenniffer Gonzalez, Resident Commissioner for Puerto Rico – Puerto Rico 51st". November 30, 2016. Retrieved November 2, 2019.
- ^ Cohen, Ethan (February 8, 2021). "New York certifies Claudia Tenney's victory in last unresolved House race of 2020". CNN. Retrieved February 10, 2021.
- ^ LeBlanc, Paul (October 27, 2019). "Rep. Katie Hill announces resignation amid allegations of improper relationships with staffers". CNN. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
- ^ Akers, Mary Ann (November 20, 2008). "Rep. Linda Sanchez Expecting a Baby". The Washington Post.
- ^ Foster, David (November 19, 1995). "Ambitious Couple Thrived on Passion for Politics, Each Other : Congress: Enid Greene and Joe Waldholtz seemed born for each other. But his lies over money sabotaged fairy tale, perhaps her career". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press.
- ^ "Susan Molinari". U.S. House of Representatives.
- ^ Geranios, Nicholas K. (April 21, 2007). "Baby in the House: Pregnant congresswoman due to give birth next month". San Diego Union Tribune. Associated Press.
- ^ "It's A Boy". The Spokesman-Review. April 30, 2007.
- ^ "Son Born to New York Congresswoman". The New York Times. Associated Press. May 16, 2008.
- ^ Woster, Kevin (December 16, 2008). "Something we can all agree on: Congratulations!". Rapid City Journal.
- ^ Akers, Mary Ann (May 13, 2009). "New Mama in the House: Linda Sanchez". The Washington Post.
- ^ Barone, Michael; Chuck McCutcheon (2011). "Washington/Fifth District". The Almanac of American Politics (2012 ed.). University of Chicago Press, National Journal Group, Inc. pp. 1716–1718. ISBN 978-0-226-03808-7.
- ^ "Republican Rep. Jaime Herrera Beutler celebrates 'miracle' baby girl born with Potter's sequence". New York Daily News. July 29, 2013.
- ^ Korte, Gregory (November 25, 2013). "Rep sets congressional record -- mom x 3". USA Today. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
- ^ Skiba, Katherine (November 20, 2014). "Rep. Tammy Duckworth gives birth to daughter". Chicago Tribune.
- ^ Dake, Lauren (May 19, 2016). "Herrera Beutler gives birth to baby boy". The Columbian. Retrieved December 28, 2018.
- ^ Hair, Calley (May 23, 2019). "Herrera Beutler gives birth to girl". The Columbian. Retrieved July 14, 2019.
- ^ Kurtz, Judy (Aug 30, 2021). "Stefanik welcomes 'healthy baby boy'". The Hill. Retrieved August 30, 2021.
External linksEdit
- Women in Congress Archived September 24, 2010, at the Wayback Machine — Companion site to book produced by the Office of the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives
- Associated Press. "Husbands' deaths often propel widows to office". Columbia Daily Tribune, January 22, 2005. Retrieved February 15, 2005. (alternate source, via journalstar.com)
- Maurer, Elizabeth. "Legislating History: 100 Years of Women in Congress". National Women's History Museum. 2017.