Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/5/Physical sciences/Chemistry

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For biochemistry, see the Biology section; also see Technology for specific applications of chemistry.

Quota 1,200 articles.

Total 1,180 articles.

Class	#Articles
FA	26
GA	101
B	262
C	430
LIST	15
FFA	8
DGA	29
Start	335
Stub	11

Basics

This section contains 137 articles.

Basics: General

This section contains 14 articles.

1. Chemistry (Level 2)
   1. Alchemy (Level 4)
   2. Chemical engineer
   3. Chemist
2. Chemical law
3. Chemical safety
   1. Dangerous goods
   2. Regulation of chemicals
      1. GHS
      2. GHS hazard pictograms
      3. NFPA 704
      4. WHMIS
   3. Safety data sheet
4. Wet lab

Subdisciplines

This section contains 19 articles.

1. Analytical chemistry (Level 4)
2. Environmental chemistry (Level 4)
3. Inorganic chemistry (Level 3)
4. Organic chemistry (Level 3)
   1. Food chemistry
   2. Medicinal chemistry (Level 4)
   3. Organometallic chemistry (Level 4)
5. Physical chemistry (Level 3)
   1. Electrochemistry (Level 4)
   2. Nuclear chemistry (Level 4)
   3. Photochemistry (Level 4)
   4. Surface science
6. Theoretical chemistry
   1. Computational chemistry
      1. Molecular modelling
   2. Quantum chemistry (Level 4)
7. Materials science (Level 4)
   1. Polymer chemistry (Level 4)
   2. Solid-state chemistry

Principles

This section contains 104 articles.

Bonding

This section contains 11 articles.

1. Chemical bond (Level 3)
   1. Electron counting
      1. Octet rule
2. Covalent bond (Level 4)
   1. Single bond
   2. Double bond
   3. Triple bond
3. Hydrogen bond (Level 4)
4. Ionic bonding (Level 4)
   1. Metallic bonding (Level 4)
   2. Polyatomic ion

Mixture

This section contains 19 articles.

1. Mixture (Level 4)
2. Concentration
   1. Mass concentration (chemistry)
   2. Number density
3. Dispersion (chemistry) (Level 4)
4. Colloid (Level 4)
   1. Aerosol (Level 4)
   2. Emulsion (Level 4)
   3. Foam (Level 4)
   4. Gel (Level 4)
   5. Sol (colloid)
5. Solution (chemistry) (Level 4)
   1. Aqueous solution
   2. Solid solution
   3. Solubility
   4. Solvation
   5. Solvent
   6. Tincture
6. Suspension (chemistry) (Level 4)

Nomenclature

This section contains 7 articles.

1. Chemical nomenclature
   1. Descriptor (chemistry)
   2. IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry
   3. IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry
   4. Parent hydride
   5. Systematic element name
   6. Trivial name

Periodic table

This section contains 21 articles.

1. Periodic table (Level 3)
   1. Block (periodic table)
   2. Group (periodic table)
   3. Period (periodic table)
2. Atomic mass (Level 4)
   1. Mass number
   2. Relative atomic mass
   3. Standard atomic weight
3. Atomic number (Level 4)
4. Main-group element
5. Metal (Level 3)
   1. Heavy metals
      1. Toxic heavy metal
   2. Post-transition metal
6. Metalloid (Level 4)
7. Nonmetal
8. Periodic trends
   1. Atomic radius
   2. Electron affinity
   3. Electronegativity
   4. Ionization energy

Reaction

This section contains 17 articles.

1. Chemical reaction (Level 3)
   1. Conversion (chemistry)
   2. Product (chemistry)
   3. Reactivity (chemistry)
   4. Reagent
   5. Substrate (chemistry)
   6. Yield (chemistry)
2. Catalysis (Level 3)
3. Chemical equation (Level 4)
   1. Stoichiometry
      1. Law of definite proportions
      2. Law of multiple proportions
      3. Law of reciprocal proportions
4. Chemical equilibrium (Level 4)
   1. Le Chatelier's principle
   2. Microscopic reversibility
5. Chemical synthesis (Level 4)

Substance

This section contains 29 articles.

1. Chemical substance (Level 4)
   1. Congener (chemistry)
   2. Isomer
   3. Natural product
2. Amount of substance (Level 4)
   1. Avogadro constant
3. Chemical element (Level 2)
   1. Allotropy (Level 4)
4. Chemical composition
   1. Chemical formula (Level 4)
      1. Empirical formula
      2. Structural isomer
      3. Tautomer
   2. Structural formula
      1. Cyclic compound
      2. Lewis structure
      3. Open-chain compound
   3. Molecular model
      1. Ball-and-stick model
      2. Molecular graphics
      3. Ribbon diagram
      4. Space-filling model
5. Chemical compound (Level 3)
   1. Molecule (Level 3)
   2. Diatomic molecule
   3. Inorganic compound (Level 4)
   4. Organic compound (Level 4)
      1. Aroma compound
6. Material

Chemical elements

This section contains 202 articles.

s-Block

This section contains 31 articles.

1. Hydrogen (Level 3)
   1. Hydrogen atom
   2. Isotopes of hydrogen
      1. Deuterium
      2. Tritium
   3. Liquid hydrogen
   4. Solid hydrogen
2. Helium (Level 4)
   1. Helium atom
   2. Isotopes of helium
      1. Helium-3
      2. Helium-4
   3. Liquid helium
      1. Superfluid helium-4

Group 1

This section contains 9 articles.

1. Alkali metal (Level 4)
2. Lithium (Level 4)
   1. Isotopes of lithium
3. Sodium (Level 4)
4. Potassium (Level 4)
   1. Potassium-40
5. Rubidium (Level 4)
6. Caesium (Level 4)
7. Francium (Level 4)

Group 2

This section contains 8 articles.

1. Alkaline earth metal (Level 4)
2. Beryllium (Level 4)
   1. Isotopes of beryllium
3. Magnesium (Level 4)
4. Calcium (Level 4)
5. Strontium (Level 4)
6. Barium (Level 4)
7. Radium (Level 4)

p-Block

This section contains 65 articles.

Group 13

This section contains 8 articles.

1. Boron group
2. Boron (Level 4)
   1. Isotopes of boron
3. Aluminium (Level 3)
4. Gallium (Level 4)
5. Indium (Level 4)
6. Thallium (Level 4)
7. Nihonium

Group 14

This section contains 17 articles.

1. Carbon group
2. Carbon (Level 3)
   1. Isotopes of carbon
      1. Carbon-14
   2. Activated carbon
   3. Allotropes of carbon
      1. Buckminsterfullerene
      2. Carbon nanotube (Level 4)
      3. Diamond (Level 4)
      4. Fullerene
      5. Graphene
      6. Graphite (Level 4)
3. Silicon (Level 3)
4. Germanium (Level 4)
5. Tin (Level 4)
6. Lead (Level 4)
7. Flerovium

Group 15

This section contains 10 articles.

1. Pnictogen
2. Nitrogen (Level 3)
   1. Isotopes of nitrogen
   2. Liquid nitrogen
3. Phosphorus (Level 4)
   1. Allotropes of phosphorus
4. Arsenic (Level 4)
5. Antimony (Level 4)
6. Bismuth (Level 4)
7. Moscovium

Group 16

This section contains 15 articles.

1. Chalcogen
2. Oxygen (Level 3)
   1. Isotopes of oxygen
   2. Allotropes of oxygen
      1. Ozone (Level 4)
      2. Singlet oxygen
      3. Triplet oxygen
   3. Liquid oxygen
3. Sulfur (Level 3)
   1. Allotropes of sulfur
      1. Octasulfur
4. Selenium (Level 4)
5. Tellurium (Level 4)
6. Polonium (Level 4)
7. Livermorium

Group 17

This section contains 8 articles.

1. Halogen (Level 4)
2. Fluorine (Level 4)
   1. Isotopes of fluorine
3. Chlorine (Level 4)
4. Bromine (Level 4)
5. Iodine (Level 4)
6. Astatine (Level 4)
7. Tennessine

Group 18

This section contains 7 articles.

1. Noble gas (Level 4)
2. Neon (Level 4)
3. Argon (Level 4)
4. Krypton (Level 4)
5. Xenon (Level 4)
6. Radon (Level 4)
7. Oganesson

d-Block

This section contains 56 articles.

1. Transition metal (Level 4)
   1. Base metal
   2. Noble metal
      1. Platinum group
      2. Precious metal

Group 3

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Group 3 element
2. Scandium (Level 4)
3. Yttrium (Level 4)
4. Lutetium (Level 4)
5. Lawrencium

Group 4

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Group 4 element
2. Titanium (Level 4)
3. Zirconium (Level 4)
4. Hafnium (Level 4)
5. Rutherfordium

Group 5

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Group 5 element
2. Vanadium (Level 4)
3. Niobium (Level 4)
4. Tantalum (Level 4)
5. Dubnium

Group 6

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Group 6 element
2. Chromium (Level 4)
3. Molybdenum (Level 4)
4. Tungsten (Level 4)
5. Seaborgium

Group 7

This section contains 6 articles.

1. Group 7 element
2. Manganese (Level 4)
3. Technetium (Level 4)
   1. Technetium-99m
4. Rhenium (Level 4)
5. Bohrium

Group 8

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Group 8 element
2. Iron (Level 3)
3. Ruthenium (Level 4)
4. Osmium (Level 4)
5. Hassium

Group 9

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Group 9 element
2. Cobalt (Level 4)
3. Rhodium (Level 4)
4. Iridium (Level 4)
5. Meitnerium

Group 10

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Group 10 element
2. Nickel (Level 4)
3. Palladium (Level 4)
4. Platinum (Level 4)
5. Darmstadtium

Group 11

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Group 11 element
2. Copper (Level 3)
3. Silver (Level 3)
4. Gold (Level 3)
5. Roentgenium

Group 12

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Group 12 element
2. Zinc (Level 4)
3. Cadmium (Level 4)
4. Mercury (element) (Level 4)
5. Copernicium

f-Block

This section contains 33 articles.

Lanthanides

This section contains 16 articles.

1. Lanthanide (Level 4)
   1. Rare-earth element
2. Lanthanum (Level 4)
3. Cerium (Level 4)
4. Praseodymium (Level 4)
5. Neodymium (Level 4)
6. Promethium (Level 4)
7. Samarium (Level 4)
8. Europium (Level 4)
9. Gadolinium (Level 4)
10. Terbium (Level 4)
11. Dysprosium (Level 4)
12. Holmium (Level 4)
13. Erbium (Level 4)
14. Thulium (Level 4)
15. Ytterbium (Level 4)

Actinides

This section contains 17 articles.

1. Actinide (Level 4)
2. Actinium (Level 4)
3. Thorium (Level 4)
4. Protactinium (Level 4)
5. Uranium (Level 4)
   1. Uranium-238
   2. Uranium-235
6. Neptunium (Level 4)
7. Plutonium (Level 4)
8. Americium (Level 4)
9. Curium (Level 4)
10. Berkelium (Level 4)
11. Californium (Level 4)
12. Einsteinium
13. Fermium
14. Mendelevium
15. Nobelium

Periods

This section contains 17 articles.

1. Period 1 element
2. Period 2 element
3. Period 3 element
4. Period 4 element
5. Period 5 element
6. Period 6 element
7. Period 7 element
   1. Superheavy element
   2. Synthetic element (Level 4)
   3. Transuranium element
8. Extended periodic table
   1. Ununennium
   2. Unbinilium
   3. Unbiunium
   4. Unbibium
   5. Unbiquadium
   6. Unbihexium

Acids and bases

This section contains 54 articles. Aqueous acids and bases listed here; for underlying solutes, see the Salts and ions section.

Concepts

This section contains 23 articles.

1. Acid (Level 4)
   1. Acid anhydride
   2. Solid acid
2. Amphoterism
3. Base (chemistry) (Level 4)
   1. Alkali
   2. Base anhydride
   3. Non-nucleophilic base
   4. Superbase
   5. Weak base
4. Brønsted–Lowry acid–base theory
   1. Conjugate (acid-base theory)
   2. Deprotonation
   3. Hydronium
   4. Protonation
5. Lewis acids and bases
   1. Electrophile
   2. HSAB theory
   3. Nucleophile
6. pH (Level 4)
   1. Acid strength
   2. Acidity function
   3. Buffer solution

Specific acids

This section contains 29 articles.

1. Mineral acid
   1. Aqua regia
   2. Boric acid (Level 4)
   3. Carbonic acid
   4. Hydrochloric acid (Level 4)
   5. Hydrofluoric acid (Level 4)
   6. Hypochlorous acid
   7. Nitric acid (Level 4)
   8. Perchloric acid
   9. Phosphoric acid (Level 4)
   10. Sulfuric acid (Level 4)
2. Organic acid
   1. Carboxylic acid (Level 4)
      1. Acetic acid (Level 4)
      2. Benzoic acid
      3. Citric acid (Level 4)
      4. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
      5. Formic acid
      6. Lactic acid (Level 4)
      7. Malic acid
      8. Oxalic acid
      9. Tartaric acid
   2. Sulfonic acid
3. Superacid
   1. Carborane acid
   2. Fluoroantimonic acid
   3. Fluorosulfuric acid
   4. Magic acid
   5. Triflic acid

Specific bases

This section contains 2 articles.

1. Ammonia solution
2. Lye

Alloys and ceramic compounds

This section contains 40 articles. For disordered network solids, see Glass under Technology.

1. Alloy (Level 3)
   1. Intermetallic
2. Interstitial defect
3. Network covalent bonding
4. Non-stoichiometric compound

Specific alloys

This section contains 24 articles.

1. Amalgam (chemistry) (Level 4)
2. Colored gold
3. Duralumin
4. Electrum
5. Mischmetal
   1. Ferrocerium
6. Galinstan
7. Pewter
8. Solder

Copper alloys

This section contains 5 articles.

1. List of copper alloys
   1. Brass (Level 4)
   2. Bronze (Level 3)
   3. Constantan
   4. Cupronickel

Iron alloys

This section contains 10 articles.

1. Cast iron (Level 4)
2. Steel (Level 3)
   1. Alloy steel
      1. Spring steel
      2. Stainless steel (Level 4)
      3. Tool steel
   2. Carbon steel
   3. Wootz steel
3. Pig iron
4. Wrought iron (Level 4)

Ceramic compounds

This section contains 11 articles.

1. Boron nitride
2. Carbide
   1. Silicon carbide
   2. Cementite
   3. Tungsten carbide
3. Ferrite (magnet)
4. Gallium nitride
5. Graphite oxide
6. Rare-earth barium copper oxide
   1. Yttrium barium copper oxide
7. Silicon dioxide

Molecular compounds

This section contains 46 articles.

1. Carbon disulfide
2. Cyanogen
3. Syngas (Level 4)

Covalent oxides

This section contains 9 articles.

1. Carbon monoxide (Level 4)
2. Carbon dioxide (Level 3)
3. Chlorine dioxide
4. Nitric oxide
5. Nitrous oxide (Level 4)
6. Nitrogen dioxide
7. Oxygen difluoride
8. Sulfur dioxide
9. Sulfur trioxide

Hydrogen compounds

This section contains 23 articles.

1. Boranes
   1. Carborane
   2. Diborane
2. Pnictogen hydride
   1. Ammonia (Level 4)
   2. Arsine
   3. Diphosphane
   4. Hydrazine
   5. Methylamine
   6. Phosphine
   7. Stibine
3. Hydrogen chalcogenide
   1. Hydrogen peroxide (Level 4)
   2. Hydrogen sulfide
   3. Hydrogen selenide
   4. Polysulfane
4. Hydrogen halide
   1. Hydrogen bromide
   2. Hydrogen chloride
   3. Hydrogen fluoride
   4. Hydrogen iodide
5. Hydrogen cyanide
6. Hydroxyl radical

Water

This section contains 11 articles.

1. Water (Level 2)
   1. Properties of water (Level 4)
   2. Hydrate
   3. Ice (Level 4)
      1. Ice crystal
   4. Purified water
   5. Water vapor (Level 4)
      1. Steam
   6. Heavy water
   7. Semiheavy water
   8. Tritiated water

Organic compounds

This section contains 192 articles. Note that organic compounds are often not biotic; see the Biology section for Biochemistry of living organisms.

Concepts

This section contains 10 articles.

1. Polymer backbone
   1. Side chain
2. Degree of unsaturation
3. Lipophilicity
4. Skeletal formula
5. Substituent
   1. Functional group
   2. Geminal
   3. Pendant group
   4. Vicinal (chemistry)

Concepts: General

This section contains 10 articles.

1. Carbonyl group
2. Enol
3. Organophosphorus chemistry (Level 4)
4. Organosilicon chemistry (Level 4)
   1. Silicone (Level 4)
5. Organosulfur chemistry (Level 4)
   1. Allicin
   2. Allyl isothiocyanate
   3. Dimethyl sulfoxide
   4. Thiol (Level 4)

Organometallics

This section contains 2 articles.

1. Ferrocene
2. Tetraethyllead

Hydrocarbons

This section contains 41 articles.

1. Hydrocarbon (Level 4)
   1. Creosote
   2. Naphtha
   3. Oil
      1. Petroleum (Level 3)
   4. Petroleum jelly
   5. Tar
      1. Coal tar
      2. Pine tar
   6. Wax
      1. Paraffin wax
   7. White spirit
2. Octane rating

Aliphatic hydrocarbons

This section contains 19 articles.

1. Aliphatic compound
2. Alicyclic compound
   1. Cycloalkane
      1. Cyclopropane
      2. Cyclobutane
      3. Cyclopentane
      4. Cyclohexane
      5. Adamantane
3. Alkane (Level 4)
   1. Methane (Level 4)
   2. Ethane (Level 4)
   3. Propane (Level 4)
   4. Butane (Level 4)
4. Alkene (Level 4)
   1. Ethylene (Level 4)
   2. Propylene (Level 4)
5. Alkyne (Level 4)
   1. Acetylene
   2. Polyyne

Aromatic hydrocarbons

This section contains 9 articles.

1. Aromatic compound (Level 4)
   1. Arene substitution pattern
   2. Aromaticity
      1. Antiaromaticity
      2. Hückel's rule
   3. Benzene (Level 4)
   4. Toluene
   5. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
      1. Naphthalene

Alcohols

This section contains 20 articles.

1. Alcohol (chemistry) (Level 4)
   1. Methanol (Level 4)
   2. Ethanol (Level 4)
   3. Isopropyl alcohol
   4. 1-Propanol
2. Fatty alcohol
   1. Cetyl alcohol
   2. Dodecanol
   3. Stearyl alcohol
3. Phenol (Level 4)
4. Polyol
   1. Diol
      1. Ethylene glycol
      2. Geminal diol
   2. Glycerol

Sugar alcohols

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Sugar alcohol
   1. Erythritol
   2. Mannitol
   3. Sorbitol
   4. Xylitol

Aldehydes and ketones

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Aldehyde (Level 4)
   1. Formaldehyde (Level 4)
   2. Acetaldehyde
2. Ketone (Level 4)
   1. Acetone (Level 4)

Amides and amines

This section contains 13 articles.

1. Amide (Level 4)
   1. Urea (Level 4)
   2. Nylon (Level 4)
   3. DEET
   4. Dimethylformamide
2. Amine (Level 4)
   1. Cadaverine
   2. Ethylenediamine
   3. Putrescine
   4. Taurine
3. Nitrocellulose
4. Pyridine
5. TNT

Esters and ethers

This section contains 12 articles.

1. Ester (Level 4)
   1. Ethyl acetate
   2. Methyl salicylate
   3. Nitroglycerin
   4. Propylene carbonate
2. Ether (Level 4)
   1. Dimethyl ether
   2. Diethyl ether
   3. Epoxide
   4. Vanillin
   5. 1,4-Dioxane
   6. Tetrahydrofuran

Halocarbons

This section contains 12 articles.

1. Halocarbon
2. Haloalkane (Level 4)
3. Chlorofluorocarbon
   1. Dichlorodifluoromethane
4. Organochlorine chemistry
   1. Carbon tetrachloride
   2. Chloroform
   3. Chloromethane
   4. Dichloromethane
5. Fluorocarbon
   1. Carbon tetrafluoride
6. Hydrofluorocarbon

Alkaloids

This section contains 10 articles.

1. Capsaicin
2. Imidazole
3. Purine
   1. Uric acid
   2. Xanthine
      1. Theobromine
      2. Theophylline
4. Pyrimidine
5. Scopolamine
6. Strychnine

Phenylpropanoids

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Phenylpropanoid
   1. Cinnamaldehyde
   2. Coumarin
   3. Eugenol
   4. Safrole

Polymers

This section contains 22 articles.

1. Polymer (Level 4)
   1. Monomer
   2. Oligomer
2. Epoxy
3. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances
4. Phenol formaldehyde resin
   1. Bakelite
5. Polyacrylonitrile
6. Polycarbonate
7. Polyethylene (Level 4)
   1. Polyethylene glycol
   2. Polyethylene terephthalate
8. Polyisoprene
9. Poly(methyl methacrylate)
10. Polypropylene (Level 4)
    1. Polypropylene glycol
11. Polystyrene
12. Polytetrafluoroethylene
13. Polyurethane
14. Polyvinyl acetate
15. Polyvinyl alcohol
16. Polyvinyl chloride (Level 4)

Polyphenols

This section contains 9 articles.

1. Polyphenol
   1. Flavonoid
      1. Anthocyanidin
      2. Anthocyanin
      3. Anthoxanthin
      4. Catechin
   2. Lignin
   3. Tannin (Level 4)
      1. Tannic acid

Terpenes and terpenoids

This section contains 21 articles.

1. Isoprene
2. Resin
   1. Rosin
   2. Shellac
3. Terpene
   1. Caryophyllene
   2. Humulene
   3. Limonene
   4. Pinene
      1. Turpentine
   5. Squalene
   6. Zingiberene
4. Terpenoid
   1. Camphor
   2. Carvone
   3. Citral
   4. Citronellal
   5. Eucalyptol
   6. Linalool
   7. Menthol
   8. Thymol

Salts and ions

This section contains 210 articles.

Salts and ions: General

This section contains 9 articles.

1. Ammonium
   1. Quaternary ammonium cation
2. Ash
   1. Potash
   2. Wood ash
3. Salt (chemistry) (Level 4)
   1. Acid salt
   2. Alkali salt
4. Zwitterion

Borohydride salts

This section contains 3 articles.

1. Borohydride
   1. Lithium borohydride
   2. Sodium borohydride

Carbide salts

This section contains 2 articles.

1. Aluminium carbide
2. Calcium carbide

Cyanide salts

This section contains 8 articles.

1. Cyanide (Level 4)
   1. Potassium cyanide
   2. Sodium cyanide
   3. Ferricyanide
      1. Potassium ferricyanide
   4. Ferrocyanide
      1. Potassium ferrocyanide
      2. Prussian blue

Halide salts

This section contains 25 articles.

1. Halide
2. Bromide
   1. Potassium bromide
   2. Sodium bromide
3. Chloride (Level 4)
   1. Aluminium chloride
   2. Ammonium chloride
   3. Calcium chloride (Level 4)
   4. Copper(II) chloride
   5. Iron(III) chloride
   6. Magnesium chloride
   7. Potassium chloride
   8. Sodium chloride (Level 4)
   9. Zinc chloride
4. Fluoride
   1. Boron trifluoride
   2. Calcium fluoride
   3. Sodium fluoride
   4. Sulfur hexafluoride
   5. Uranium hexafluoride
5. Iodide
   1. Lugol's iodine
   2. Potassium iodide
   3. Silver iodide
   4. Tincture of iodine

Hydride salts

This section contains 4 articles.

1. Hydride
   1. Lithium aluminium hydride
   2. Lithium hydride
   3. Sodium hydride

Nitride salts

This section contains 8 articles.

1. Nitride
   1. Azide
      1. Lead(II) azide
      2. Silver azide
      3. Sodium azide
   2. Lithium nitride
   3. Silver nitride
   4. Titanium nitride

Noble gas compounds

This section contains 10 articles.

1. Electride
2. Noble gas compound
   1. Helium compounds
      1. Disodium helide
   2. Neon compounds
   3. Argon compounds
      1. Argon fluorohydride
   4. Krypton difluoride
   5. Xenon tetrafluoride
   6. Xenon hexafluoroplatinate

Organic salts

This section contains 30 articles.

1. Benzalkonium chloride
2. Crystal violet
3. Merbromin
4. Potassium bitartrate
5. Sodium benzoate
6. Sodium calcium edetate
7. Tetrasodium EDTA
8. Thiomersal

Acetates

This section contains 10 articles.

1. Acetate
   1. Aluminium triacetate
   2. Ammonium acetate
   3. Calcium acetate
   4. Chromium(II) acetate
   5. Copper(II) acetate
   6. Lead(II) acetate
   7. Potassium acetate
   8. Sodium acetate
   9. Zinc acetate

Citrates

This section contains 9 articles.

1. Calcium citrate
2. Iron(III) citrate
   1. Ammonium ferric citrate
3. Magnesium citrate
4. Potassium citrate
5. Sodium citrate
   1. Monosodium citrate
   2. Disodium citrate
   3. Trisodium citrate

Glutamates

This section contains 3 articles.

1. Glutamate flavoring
2. Monosodium glutamate
3. Monopotassium glutamate

Oxide salts

This section contains 24 articles.

1. Oxide (Level 4)
   1. Aluminium oxide
   2. Copper(II) oxide
   3. Iron oxide
      1. Iron(II) oxide
      2. Iron(II,III) oxide
      3. Iron(III) oxide
   4. Manganese dioxide
   5. Osmium tetroxide
   6. Tin(IV) oxide
   7. Titanium dioxide (Level 4)
   8. Zinc oxide
   9. Zirconium dioxide
2. Superoxide
   1. Potassium superoxide

Alkali oxide salts

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Calcium oxide
2. Lithium oxide
3. Magnesium oxide
4. Potassium oxide
5. Sodium oxide

Peroxide salts

This section contains 4 articles.

1. Peroxide
   1. Barium peroxide
   2. Potassium peroxide
   3. Sodium peroxide

Oxyanionic salts

This section contains 76 articles.

1. Oxyanion
2. Silicate (Level 4)
   1. Sodium silicate (Level 4)

Boric oxyanions

This section contains 3 articles.

1. Borate
   1. Borax
   2. Sodium metaborate

Carbonic oxyanions

This section contains 8 articles.

1. Bicarbonate
   1. Ammonium bicarbonate
   2. Sodium bicarbonate (Level 4)
      1. Baking powder
2. Carbonate (Level 4)
   1. Ammonium carbonate
   2. Calcium carbonate (Level 4)
   3. Sodium carbonate (Level 4)

Halide oxyanions

This section contains 9 articles.

1. Chlorate
   1. Potassium chlorate
2. Chlorite
3. Hypochlorite
   1. Sodium hypochlorite
4. Perchlorate
   1. Ammonium perchlorate
   2. Potassium perchlorate
   3. Sodium perchlorate

Hydroxy anion

This section contains 5 articles.

1. Hydroxide
   1. Calcium hydroxide
   2. Magnesium hydroxide
   3. Potassium hydroxide (Level 4)
   4. Sodium hydroxide (Level 4)

Metallic oxyanions

This section contains 16 articles.

1. Chromate and dichromate
   1. Lead(II) chromate
      1. Chrome yellow
   2. Potassium chromate
   3. Potassium dichromate
   4. Sodium chromate
   5. Sodium dichromate
2. Manganate
   1. Potassium manganate
3. Permanganate
   1. Potassium permanganate
   2. Sodium permanganate
4. Vanadate
   1. Ammonium metavanadate
   2. Sodium metavanadate
   3. Sodium orthovanadate

Nitric oxyanions

This section contains 9 articles.

1. Nitrate (Level 4)
   1. Ammonium nitrate (Level 4)
   2. Lead(II) nitrate
   3. Potassium nitrate (Level 4)
   4. Silver nitrate
   5. Sodium nitrate (Level 4)
2. Nitrite
   1. Ammonium nitrite
   2. Sodium nitrite

Phosphoric oxyanions

This section contains 6 articles.

1. Phosphate
   1. Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
   2. Diammonium phosphate
   3. Trisodium phosphate
2. Phosphite (ion)
   1. Basic lead phosphite

Sulfuric oxyanions

This section contains 17 articles.

1. Sodium dithionite
2. Sulfite
3. Sulfate (Level 4)
   1. Alum (Level 4)
      1. Potassium alum
   2. Aluminium sulfate
   3. Ammonium sulfate (Level 4)
   4. Calcium sulfate
   5. Copper(II) sulfate
   6. Iron(II) sulfate
   7. Iron(III) sulfate
   8. Magnesium sulfate (Level 4)
   9. Sodium sulfate (Level 4)
   10. Vitriol
   11. Zinc sulfate
4. Thiosulfate
   1. Sodium thiosulfate

Sulfide salts

This section contains 11 articles.

1. Sulfide
   1. Cadmium sulfide
   2. Calcium sulfide
      1. Lime sulfur
   3. Iron(II) sulfide
   4. Magnesium sulfide
   5. Mercury sulfide
   6. Molybdenum disulfide
   7. Potassium sulfide
   8. Sodium sulfide
   9. Zinc sulfide

Analysis

This section contains 41 articles.

Basics

This section contains 8 articles.

1. Qualitative inorganic analysis
2. Quantitative analysis (chemistry)
3. Elemental analysis
4. Combustion analysis
5. Cheminformatics
6. Instrumental chemistry
7. Electroanalytical methods
8. Radioanalytical chemistry

Chemical methods

This section contains 11 articles.

1. Chemical test
   1. Complexometric indicator
   2. PH indicator
      1. Litmus
      2. Phenolphthalein
   3. Redox indicator
      1. Methylene blue
2. Flame test
3. Gravimetric analysis
   1. Thermogravimetric analysis
4. Titration

Instrumental methods

This section contains 22 articles.

1. Calorimetry
2. Mass spectrometry (Level 4)

Electrical methods

This section contains 7 articles.

1. Coulometry
   1. Voltammetry
      1. Cyclic voltammetry
      2. Hydrodynamic voltammetry
      3. Polarography
2. Dielectric spectroscopy
3. Electrophoresis

Spectroscopy

This section contains 13 articles.

1. Spectroscopy (Level 4)
   1. Absorption spectroscopy (Level 4)
2. Atomic spectroscopy
   1. Atomic absorption spectroscopy
   2. Atomic emission spectroscopy
3. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
4. Infrared spectroscopy
   1. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
5. Microwave spectroscopy
6. Raman spectroscopy
7. Ultrafast laser spectroscopy
8. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy
9. X-ray spectroscopy

Reactions and synthesis

This section contains 81 articles.

Basics

This section contains 9 articles.

1. Dissociation (chemistry)
2. Isomerization
3. Radical (chemistry) (Level 4)
4. Reaction mechanism (Level 4)
   1. Arrow pushing
   2. Chain reaction
   3. Elementary reaction
   4. Reaction intermediate
5. Reversible reaction

Organic reactions

This section contains 38 articles.

1. Organic reaction
   1. Leaving group
2. Addition reaction
   1. Cycloaddition
   2. Electrophilic addition
   3. Free-radical addition
   4. Nucleophilic addition
3. Aldol condensation
4. Caramelization
5. Diels–Alder reaction
6. Elimination reaction
   1. E1cB-elimination reaction
   2. Ei mechanism
7. Grignard reaction
8. Haloform reaction
9. Hydrogenation
10. Maillard reaction
11. Polymerization
    1. Step-growth polymerization
    2. Chain-growth polymerization
       1. Radical polymerization
       2. Ring-opening polymerization
    3. Chain transfer
    4. Emulsion polymerization
12. Rearrangement reaction
    1. 1,2-rearrangement
    2. Allylic rearrangement
    3. Olefin metathesis
    4. Pericyclic reaction
13. Substitution reaction (Level 4)
    1. Nucleophilic substitution
       1. Acyl group
       2. Nucleophilic aromatic substitution
       3. SN1 reaction
       4. SN2 reaction
       5. SNi
    2. Electrophilic substitution
14. Wittig reaction

Redox reactions

This section contains 11 articles.

1. Redox (Level 3)
   1. Half-reaction
   2. Oxidation state
   3. Oxidizing agent
   4. Reducing agent
2. Combustion (Level 4)
   1. Fire (Level 2)
3. Corrosion (Level 4)
   1. Rust
   2. Tarnish
4. Disproportionation

Other reactions

This section contains 13 articles.

1. Acid–base reaction (Level 3)
2. Chemical decomposition
   1. Electrolysis (Level 4)
   2. Hydrolysis
   3. Kipp's apparatus
   4. Thermal decomposition
      1. Cracking (chemistry)
      2. Destructive distillation
      3. Pyrolysis
3. Haber process (Level 4)
4. Precipitation (chemistry)
5. Salt metathesis reaction
6. Water–gas shift reaction

Synthetic strategies

This section contains 10 articles.

1. Convergent synthesis
2. Direct process
3. Divergent synthesis
4. Electrosynthesis
5. Enantioselective synthesis
6. One-pot synthesis
7. Organic synthesis
   1. Retrosynthetic analysis
   2. Semisynthesis
8. Total synthesis

Separation processes

This section contains 58 articles.

1. Separation process
   1. Theoretical plate

Chromatography

This section contains 8 articles.

1. Chromatography (Level 4)
   1. Column chromatography
   2. High-performance liquid chromatography
   3. Ion chromatography
   4. Gas chromatography
   5. Gel permeation chromatography
   6. Thin-layer chromatography
   7. Van Deemter equation

Phase separations

This section contains 22 articles.

1. Phase separation
2. Air separation
3. Distillation (Level 4)
   1. Azeotrope
      1. Azeotropic distillation
      2. Dean–Stark apparatus
   2. Continuous distillation
   3. Fractional distillation
      1. Condenser (laboratory)
      2. Fractionating column
      3. Random column packing
   4. Steam distillation
   5. Vacuum distillation
4. Drying
   1. Desiccant
   2. Freeze drying
   3. Vacuum drying
   4. Spray drying
5. Flash evaporation
   1. Vapor–liquid separator
6. Fractional freezing
   1. Eutectic system

Other separations

This section contains 26 articles.

1. Absorption (chemistry)
2. Adsorption
   1. Physisorption
   2. Chemisorption
   3. Langmuir adsorption model
   4. Freundlich equation
   5. BET theory
3. Cyclonic separation
4. Dialysis (chemistry)
5. Extraction (chemistry)
   1. Liquid–liquid extraction
   2. Soxhlet extractor
6. Filtration (Level 4)
   1. Cross-flow filtration
   2. Suction filtration
   3. Membrane
   4. Microfiltration
   5. Ultrafiltration
   6. Nanofiltration
   7. Reverse osmosis
7. Recrystallization (chemistry)
   1. Fractional crystallization (chemistry)
8. Sedimentation
   1. Flocculation
   2. Settling
9. Stripping (chemistry)

Chemical engineering

This section contains 12 articles.

1. Chemical process
   1. Process design
2. Chemical reactor
   1. Batch reactor
   2. Semibatch reactor
   3. Continuous stirred-tank reactor
   4. Plug flow reactor model
   5. Laminar flow reactor
   6. Microreactor
3. Unit operation
   1. Mass transfer
   2. Mixing (process engineering)

Theory

This section contains 107 articles.

Bond structure

This section contains 24 articles.

1. Coordination complex
   1. Chelation
   2. Coordination geometry
      1. Bite angle
      2. Coordination sphere
      3. Ligand cone angle
   3. Crystal field theory
   4. Ligand
   5. Ligand field theory
2. Molecular geometry
   1. Bent molecular geometry
   2. Linear molecular geometry
   3. Octahedral molecular geometry
   4. Tetrahedral molecular geometry
   5. Trigonal planar molecular geometry
   6. Trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry
   7. VSEPR theory
3. Valence bond theory (Level 4)
   1. Modern valence bond theory
      1. Linear combination of atomic orbitals
   2. Orbital hybridisation
   3. Resonance (chemistry)
   4. Pi bond
   5. Sigma bond

Electrochemistry

This section contains 15 articles.

1. Electrochemical cell
   1. Anode
   2. Cathode
   3. Electrolyte
   4. Electrolytic cell
   5. Galvanic cell
   6. Half-cell
   7. Salt bridge
2. Reduction potential
   1. Absolute electrode potential
      1. Standard hydrogen electrode
   2. Nernst equation
   3. Standard electrode potential
      1. Galvanic series
      2. Reactivity series

Kinetics

This section contains 17 articles.

1. Chemical kinetics (Level 4)
2. Rate equation
   1. Law of mass action
   2. Rate-determining step
   3. Reaction rate
      1. Reaction rate constant
3. Transition state theory
   1. Activated complex
   2. Activation energy
   3. Hammond's postulate
   4. Reaction coordinate
   5. Transition state
4. Arrhenius equation
   1. Pre-exponential factor
5. Collision theory
   1. Collision frequency
6. Entropy of activation

Stereochemistry

This section contains 23 articles.

1. Stereoisomerism
   1. Cahn–Ingold–Prelog priority rules
2. Chirality (chemistry)
   1. Absolute configuration
   2. Enantiomer
   3. Racemic mixture
   4. Racemization
   5. Stereocenter
3. Rotamer
   1. Atropisomer
   2. Cyclohexane conformation
      1. Ring flip
   3. Eclipsed conformation
   4. Gauche effect
   5. Newman projection
   6. Staggered conformation
   7. Steric effects
      1. A value
   8. Strain (chemistry)
4. Diastereomer
   1. Cis–trans isomerism
   2. E–Z notation
5. Meso compound

Supramolecular chemistry

This section contains 13 articles.

1. Supramolecular chemistry
   1. Folding (chemistry)
   2. Molecular self-assembly
2. Host–guest chemistry
   1. Clathrate compound
   2. Endohedral fullerene
3. Intermolecular force (Level 4)
   1. Chemical polarity
      1. Amphiphile
      2. Hydrophile
      3. Hydrophobe
   2. London dispersion force
   3. Van der Waals force

Thermodynamics

This section contains 15 articles.

1. Chemical thermodynamics
   1. Thermochemistry
2. Colligative properties
   1. Boiling-point elevation
   2. Freezing-point depression
   3. Osmotic pressure
   4. Vapor pressure
3. Reaction quotient
   1. Thermodynamic activity
      1. Activity coefficient
   2. Equilibrium constant
      1. Dissociation constant
4. Exothermic reaction
   1. Thermal runaway
5. Flory–Huggins solution theory