Portal:Ecuador

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For a topic outline on this subject, see List of basic Ecuador topics.

Introduction

Ecuador (/ˈɛkwədɔːr/ (listen) EK-wə-dor; Spanish pronunciation: [ekwaˈðoɾ] (listen); Quechua: Ikwayur; Shuar: Ecuador or Ekuatur), officially the Republic of Ecuador (Spanish: República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: Ikwadur Ripuwlika; Shuar: Ekuatur Nunka), is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. Ecuador also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometers (621 mi) west of the mainland. The capital is Quito.

The territories of modern-day Ecuador were once home to a variety of Amerindian groups that were gradually incorporated into the Inca Empire during the 15th century. The territory was colonized by Spain during the 16th century, achieving independence in 1820 as part of Gran Colombia, from which it emerged as its own sovereign state in 1830. The legacy of both empires is reflected in Ecuador's ethnically diverse population, with most of its 17.1 million people being mestizos, followed by large minorities of European, Native American, and African descendants. Spanish is the official language and is spoken by a majority of the population, though 13 Native languages are also recognized, including Quechua and Shuar.

The sovereign state of Ecuador is a middle-income representative democratic republic and a developing country that is highly dependent on commodities, namely petroleum and agricultural products. It is governed as a democratic presidential republic. The country is a founding member of the United Nations, Organization of American States, Mercosur, PROSUR and the Non-Aligned Movement.

One of 17 megadiverse countries in the world, Ecuador hosts many endemic plants and animals, such as those of the Galápagos Islands. In recognition of its unique ecological heritage, the new constitution of 2008 is the first in the world to recognize legally enforceable Rights of Nature, or ecosystem rights.

According to the Center for Economic and Policy Research, between 2006 and 2016, poverty decreased from 36.7% to 22.5% and annual per capita GDP growth was 1.5 percent (as compared to 0.6 percent over the prior two decades). At the same time, the country's Gini index of economic inequality decreased from 0.55 to 0.47. (Full article...)

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Rumicucho or Pucara de Rumicucho is an archaeological site of the Inca Empire in the parroquia of San Antonio de Pichincha, in Quito Canton, Pichincha Province. Ecuador. Rumicucho is a pucara (hilltop fortress) located 23 kilometres (14 mi) in a straight-line distance north of the city of Quito at an elevation of 2,401 metres (7,877 ft). Rumicucho in the Quechua language means "stone corner", perhaps referring to its strategic location between the territory of the Yumbo people to the east and the chiefdoms of the Pais Caranqui to the north.

The Incas probably built Rumicucho between 1480 and 1500 and ruled this area until the Spanish conquest in the 1530s. (Full article...)

List of selected articles

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Ecuador Articles

Ecuador articles by quality and importance
Quality	Importance
Quality	Top	High	Mid	Low	NA	???	Total
FA		2	2	2			6
FM					4		4
GA	1	3	1	6			11
B	6	5	7	19		16	53
C	9	15	30	74		62	190
Start	18	38	109	555	1	370	1,091
Stub	14	13	45	3,247	6	987	4,312
List	3	2	7	55		27	94
Category				4	2,095		2,099
Disambig					5		5
File					81		81
Portal					14		14
Project	1				18		19
Redirect				3	213		216
Template				2	135		137
Other					3		3
Assessed	52	78	201	3,967	2,575	1,462	8,335
Unassessed				23		350	373
Total	52	78	201	3,990	2,575	1,812	8,708
WikiWork factors (?)		ω = 32,268			Ω = 5.70

General images - show another

The following are images from various Ecuador-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Galápagos marine iguana. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 2Galapagos Islands astronaut photo from ISS October 2020. The sunglint helps reveal features that are usually hard to spot, such as the crater lake occupying the summit caldera of La Cumbre, the shield volcano that makes up Fernandina Island. Click through for the full NASA discussion of this interesting photo. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 3School of scalloped hammerheads, Wolf Island, Galápagos Islands. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 4Location of the Galápagos Islands relative to continental Ecuador (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 5Alpaca Scarf´s at the Otavalo Artisan Market. (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 6Satellite photo of the Galápagos islands overlaid with the names of the visible main islands. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 7Galápagos penguin on Bartolomé Island (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 8A woman in Ecuadorian dress participating in the 2010 Carnaval del Pueblo. (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 9Major square of Quito. Painting of 18th century. Quito Painting Colonial School. (from History of Ecuador)
Image 10As described in 1684. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 11The Galápagos tortoise or Galápagos giant tortoise (Chelonoidis nigra) is the largest living species of tortoise; this one is from the Island of Santa Cruz. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 12North Seymour Island in the Galápagos; Daphne Island is in the distance. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 13The Spanish Historical Center in Quito, Ecuador (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 14General Antonio José de Sucre, Commander In Chief, División del Sur. (from History of Ecuador)
Image 15From an aircraft flying out of Baltra Island (on the right) and the Santa Cruz (on the left), the Itabaca Channel is the waterway between the islands. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 16Orthographic projection centered over the Galápagos. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 17These satellite maps show chlorophyll concentration (which corresponds with the abundance of phytoplankton) during El Niño (top) and La Niña (lower). Blue represents low concentrations, yellow, orange and red indicate high concentrations. Currents that normally fertilize the phytoplankton reverse during El Niño, resulting in barren oceans. These same currents are strengthened by La Niña, resulting in an explosion of ocean life. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 18The marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) Galápagos Islands Santa Cruz – swimming in Puerto Ayora (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 19Blue-footed booby (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 20Water taxi on Puerto Ayora, Galápagos (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 21Galápagos dove on Española Island (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 22A bowl of fanesca served in Quito, Ecuador. A traditional soup of Ecuador served around Easter. (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 23Grapsus grapsus on the rocks. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 24Bottlenose dolphins jumping offshore of the islands (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 25Traditional Alpaca clothing at the Otavalo Artisan Market (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 26Marine iguana (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 27Waved albatrosses on Española. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 28Map of the former Gran Colombia in 1824 (named in its time as Colombia), the Gran Colombia covered all the colored region. (from History of Ecuador)
Image 29Isabela seen from Spot Satellite. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 30Traditional Handmade hats for sale at the Otavalo Artisan Market in the Andes Mountains of Ecuador (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 31Main Street on San Cristóbal Island. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 32Adult Galápagos sea lion resting on a park bench in Puerto Baquerizo Moreno (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 33Galápagos tortoise on Santa Cruz Island (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 34Tumaco-La Tolita mythological figure in feathered costume. Between 100 BC and 100 AD. Found in Esmeraldas. (from History of Ecuador)
Image 35Brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis), Tortuga Bay (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 36Juan Montalvo (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 37Hand painted crafts at the Otavalo Artisan Market (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 38The bottom image shows sea surface temperature, cool upwelling waters are coloured purple. Thriving phytoplankton populations are indicated by high chlorophyll concentrations (top image), coloured green, and yellow. Images acquired on 2 March 2009. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 39Julio Jaramillo is an icon of music. (from Culture of Ecuador)
Image 40Flag of the Galápagos Province (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 41Galapagos sea lion on San Cristóbal Island. (from Galápagos Islands)
Image 42Former President Rafael Correa (left) attends President-elect Lenín Moreno's (middle) 'changing of the guard' ceremony. The two PAIS leaders were considered close allies before Moreno's "De-correaization" efforts started after he assumed the presidency. (from History of Ecuador)
Image 43Antique dug out canoes in the courtyard of the Old Military Hospital in the Historic Center of Quito. (from History of Ecuador)

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Did you know - load new batch

... that Ecuador's biodiversity is amongst the highest in the world? For instance more than 16,000 species of plants, including 4,000 species of orchids.
... that Ana Lucía Armijos, president of the Ecuadorian Monetary Board, went into hiding for a year after the Supreme Court of Ecuador called for her arrest in the case of a $200 million bank bailout?
... that the fastest-growing cities, receiving the least media attention, Esmeraldas, Manta, Salinas, and Machala all being port cities have doubled their growth, and have the most stable economies in the country, leaving Nueva Loja, the only inland city to have equalled that growth?
... that Ecuadorian presidential candidate Ximena Peña previously represented the United States and Canada in the National Assembly?
... that according to oral tradition, the Chachi people originated from the mountains near Ibarra, Ecuador?

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Ecuador topics

History	Timeline \| Rumiñahui \| War of Independence \| Antonio José de Sucre \| History of the Ecuadorian-Peruvian territorial dispute
Geography	Cities \| Islands \| Mountains \| Regions \| Protected areas \| Rivers
Government	Constitution \| Provinces \| Foreign relations \| Military \| Law \| Law enforcement \| Courts \| Electoral system
Politics	Political parties \| Elections
Economy	Agriculture \| Companies \| Communications \| Transport \| Reserve Bank of Ecuador \| Stock Exchange
Culture	Art \| Cinema \| Cuisine \| Education \| Indigenous Ecuadorians \| Literature \| Music \| Public holidays \| Media \| Sport
Other	List of Ecuadorians