Portal:England
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England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to the west and Scotland to the north. The Irish Sea lies west of England and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain, which lies in the North Atlantic, and includes over 100 smaller islands, such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period, but takes its name from the Angles, a Germanic tribe deriving its name from the Anglia peninsula, who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in the 10th century, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law – the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world – developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation.
England's terrain is chiefly low hills and plains, especially in central and southern England. However, there is upland and mountainous terrain in the north (for example, the Lake District and Pennines) and in the west (for example, Dartmoor and the Shropshire Hills). The capital is London, which has the largest metropolitan area in both the United Kingdom and the European Union. England's population of over 55 million comprises 84% of the population of the United Kingdom, largely concentrated around London, the South East, and conurbations in the Midlands, the North West, the North East, and Yorkshire, which each developed as major industrial regions during the 19th century.
The Kingdom of England – which after 1535 included Wales – ceased being a separate sovereign state on 1 May 1707, when the Acts of Union put into effect the terms agreed in the Treaty of Union the previous year, resulting in a political union with the Kingdom of Scotland to create the Kingdom of Great Britain. In 1801, Great Britain was united with the Kingdom of Ireland (through another Act of Union) to become the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In 1922 the Irish Free State seceded from the United Kingdom, leading to the latter being renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Read more...
Selected article
Everton Football Club is an English football club located in the city of Liverpool. The club competes in the Premier League and have contested more seasons in the top flight of English football than any other. They are one of the top five most successful English clubs in terms of major honours, having won the League Championship nine times, the FA Cup five times and the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup once. The club's most recent major trophy was the 1995 FA Cup.When managed by David Moyes,(now Real Sociedad manager) the first team made significant progress, with three European qualifications and four top eight finishes during his six-year tenure.
Everton were founded in 1878 and have a notable rivalry with Liverpool F.C., known as the Merseyside derby. Liverpool were formed fourteen years later than Everton (in 1892) after a dispute over the rent at Anfield, Everton's old ground; since then Everton have been based at Goodison Park as a result of the split. In 2006, it was announced that the club and Knowsley Council were discussing the construction of a new 55,000 seater stadium in Kirkby. The club have a large fanbase and regularly attract large crowds, averaging over 36,000 (90% of capacity) during the 2005–06 season.
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Saltaire, West Yorkshire, is a model mill town from the Industrial Revolution, and a World Heritage Site.
A Punch and Judy booth at Swanage, Dorset. The anarchic Mr. Punch has been an influential figure in British comedy and political cartoons.
A pint of real ale
Boudica led an uprising against the Roman Empire.
First played in 1877, the Wimbledon Championships is the oldest tennis tournament in the world.
Stinking Bishop cheese
The Metropolitan Railway, now part of the London Underground was the first underground railway in the world.
Heathrow Airport has more international passenger traffic than any other airport in the world.
English-speaking worldMajority native languageOfficial, but not majority languageNote: English is also an official language of the EU
Life expectancy at birth in England and Wales 2012 to 2014. Lighter colours indicate longer life expectancy.
Former Formula One world champion Nigel Mansell driving at Silverstone in 1990. The circuit hosted the first ever Formula One race in 1950.
Elizabethan
BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir in London, United Kingdom is the largest Hindu temple in England.
The Christmas Pantomime 1890, UK. Pantomime plays a prominent role in British culture during the Christmas and New Year season.
Westminster Abbey, London, is an example of English Gothic architecture
Victorian
The "three lions", the second Great Seal of King Richard the Lionheart (1198)
Fish and chips
Georgian
The England rugby union team during their victory parade after winning the 2003 Rugby World Cup
Somerville College, University of Oxford
Skiddaw massif, seen from Walla Crag in the Lake District
The frontage of Warwick School, one of the oldest independent schools in England
Clarks was founded in 1825 and has since become a popular shoe brand internationally, seen as specialists in school shoes for children.
Stonehenge, a Neolithic monument
Saint George is the patron saint of England.
Changing of the Queen's Guard at the royal residence, Buckingham Palace
Robin Hood illustrated in 1912 wearing Lincoln green
English stately homes, manor houses, and gardens are associated with England and its heritage.
The Tudor rose, England's national floral emblem
Mo Farah is the most successful British track athlete in modern Olympic Games history, winning the 5000 m and 10,000 m events at two Olympic Games.
A full English breakfast with fried egg, sausage, white and black pudding, bacon, mushrooms, baked beans, hash browns, toast, and half a tomato
Celebrations at Trafalgar Square after England's 2003 Rugby World Cup victory.
Pubs are strongly associated with England, traditionally serving English food and beers.
Canterbury Cathedral, seat of the Archbishop of Canterbury
The Bentley Mulsanne. Bentley is a well-known English car company.
Astley's Amphitheatre, London circa 1808. Astley performed stunts in a 42 ft diameter ring; the standard size used by circuses ever since.
The Royal Courts of Justice on the Strand, London is the seat of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeal
Edward Elgar is one of England's most celebrated classical composers.
Alfred Hitchcock is often regarded as the greatest British filmmaker. He was described as "a straightforward middle-class Englishman who just happened to be an artistic genius."
Replica of the 7th-century ceremonial Sutton Hoo helmet from the Kingdom of East Anglia
The Natural History Museum in London
The English Restoration restored the monarchy under King Charles II and peace after the English Civil War.
Canterbury Cathedral is the seat of the Primate of All England, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the most senior bishop of the Church of England (it was the property of the Roman Catholic Church before the English Reformation)
Wembley Stadium, home of the England football team, has a 90,000 capacity. It is the biggest stadium in the UK.
England playing Australia at Lord's Cricket Ground in the 2009 Ashes series. After winning the 2019 Cricket World Cup, England became the first country to win the World Cups in football, rugby union and cricket.
Countries where English has official status or is widely spoken
The metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties, colour-coded to show population
Portrait of King George IV, Thomas Lawrence.
Centre Court at Wimbledon. First played in 1877, the Wimbledon Championships is the oldest tennis tournament in the world.
English Heritage blue plaque commemorating Sir Alfred Hitchcock at 153 Cromwell Road, London
Queen Elizabeth II presenting the World Cup trophy to 1966 World Cup winning England captain Bobby Moore
The Beatles are the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed band in popular music.
Melton Mowbray Pork Pie
Ridley Scott was among a group of English filmmakers, including Tony Scott, Alan Parker, Hugh Hudson and Adrian Lyne, who emerged from making 1970s UK television commercials.
Westminster Abbey is a notable example of English Gothic architecture. The coronation of the British monarch traditionally takes place at the Abbey.
Geoffrey Chaucer was an English author, poet and philosopher, best remembered for his unfinished frame narrative The Canterbury Tales.
The Hay Wain by John Constable is an archetypal English painting.
2009 estimates of ethnic groups in England
Terrain of Dartmoor, Devon
Henry Singleton The Ale-House Door c. 1790
The Proms are held annually at the Royal Albert Hall during the summer
The Lady of Shalott by John William Waterhouse in the Pre-Raphaelite style
The City of London is the financial capital of the United Kingdom.
The Cenotaph, Whitehall, is a memorial to members of the British Armed Forces who died during the two World Wars.
Charles Dickens' 1843 novella A Christmas Carol played a major role in reviving the "spirit" of Christmas and seasonal goodwill
King Henry V at the Battle of Agincourt, fought on Saint Crispin's Day and concluded with an English victory against a larger French army in the Hundred Years' War
Jacobean
Roast beef
The Anglo-Saxon Ingwaz Rune
Family-sized meat pie made by Sweeney & Todd of Reading
Population of England and Wales by administrative areas. Their size shows their population, with some approximation. Each group of squares in the map key is 20 % of total number of districts.
William Hogarth's depiction of a scene from Shakespeare's The Tempest is an example of how English literature influenced English painting in the 18th century
Robin Hood illustrated in 1912 wearing Lincoln green
A red telephone box in front of St Paul's Cathedral, one of the most important buildings of the English Baroque period
Bodiam Castle is a 14th-century moated castle near Robertsbridge in East Sussex.
Sir Isaac Newton is one of the most influential figures in the history of science.
Cotton mills in Manchester, the world's "first industrial city", circa 1820
Christopher Lee (as Dracula in 1958) starred in numerous British horror films produced by Hammer. Michael Powell's Peeping Tom (1960) was the first "slasher" film.
The Palace of Westminster, the seat of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
The Examination and Trial of Father Christmas (1686), published after Christmas was reinstated as a holy day in England
The Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Birmingham has the largest single floor critical care unit in the world.
Regency
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Selected biography
His professional playing career as an inside-forward spanned nearly 20 years, during which he played for just three clubs – Fulham, West Bromwich Albion and briefly for the defunct Vancouver Royals. He also made 20 appearances for England, scoring four goals.
He is now better known for his success as both a club and international manager, having won league championships in both the Netherlands and Portugal, earning trophies in England and Spain, and taking England to the semi-final of the 1990 World Cup. He was most recently a mentor to the manager of the Irish national football team.
Robson was created a Knight Bachelor in 2002, is a member of the English Football Hall of Fame and is the honorary president of Ipswich Town. He has, since 1991, had recurrent medical problems with cancer, and in August 2008, he admitted defeat to lung cancer. He stated "My condition is described as static and has not altered since my last bout of chemotherapy...I am going to die sooner rather than later. But then everyone has to go sometime and I have enjoyed every minute".
Did you know?
- ... that the 1643 Westminster Assembly, which was appointed by the Parliament of England to restructure the Church of England, produced the Westminster Confession, the foundation of the Presbyterian Church?
- ... that Declaration of Sports was a 1617 declaration of James I of England listing archery and dancing as permissible on Sundays and that Puritans in Parliament had it publicly burned in 1643?
- ... that Jemmy Button was a Yaghan from Tierra del Fuego who was bought for a mother-of-pearl button in 1830 and taken on HMS Beagle to meet the King and Queen of England?
In the news
- 16 September 2019 – Aftermath of the Grenfell Tower fire
- Officers with the Metropolitan Police interview members of the London Fire Brigade under caution in connection with the disaster. The fire brigade is being treated as a corporation suspected of breaching health and safety legislation. (The Guardian)
- 29 August 2019 – Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal
- Six Pakistani men are found guilty of abusing and raping teenage girls between 1998 and 2002 in Rotherham, England. The National Crime Agency believes as many as 1,510 teenagers were sexually exploited in the town during the same period. (BBC)
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| “ | An Englishman, even if he is alone, forms an orderly queue of one. | ” |
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