Portal:Coffee

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The Coffee Portal

Introduction

Coffee is a beverage brewed from roasted, ground coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It has the highest sales in the world market for hot drinks.

Coffee production begins when the seeds of the Coffea plant's fruits (coffee cherries) are separated to produce unroasted green coffee beans. The beans are roasted and then ground into fine particles. Coffee is brewed from the ground roasted beans, which are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often added to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor. There are also various coffee substitutes.

Though coffee is now a global commodity, it has a long history tied closely to food traditions around the Red Sea. The earliest credible evidence of coffee drinking as the modern beverage appears in modern-day Yemen in southern Arabia in the middle of the 15th century in Sufi shrines, where coffee seeds were first roasted and brewed in a manner similar to how it is now prepared for drinking. The coffee beans were procured by the Yemenis from the Ethiopian Highlands via coastal Somali intermediaries, and cultivated in Yemen. By the 16th century, the drink had reached the rest of the Middle East and North Africa, later spreading to Europe. (Full article...)

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Plate from *Ceylon, Physical, Historical and Topographical*, titled "The Coffee Regions. Badulla"

Coffee production in Sri Lanka peaked in 1870, with over 111,400 hectares (275,000 acres) being cultivated. The Dutch had experimented with coffee cultivation in the 18th century, but it was not successful until the British began large scale commercial production following the Colebrooke–Cameron Commission reforms of 1833. By 1860, the country was amongst the major coffee-producing nations in the world. Although coffee production remains a source of revenue, it is no longer a main economic sector. In 2014, the country ranked 43rd of largest coffee producers in the world. (Full article...)

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The following are images from various coffee-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Coffee house culture between Vienna and Trieste: the coffee, the newspaper, the glass of water and the marble tabletop (from History of coffee)
Image 2Les Deux Magots in Paris, once a famous haunt of French intellectuals (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 3Palestinian women grinding coffee, 1905 (from History of coffee)
Image 4Centre Place, Melbourne. Australia and New Zealand have competing claims as being the birthplace of the "flat white". (from Coffeehouse)
Image 5In a pour-over, the water passes through the coffee grounds, gaining soluble compounds to form coffee. Insoluble compounds remain within the coffee filter. (from Coffee preparation)
Image 6Pope Clement VIII: The Pope who popularised coffee in Europe among Christians (from History of coffee)
Image 7Caffe Reggio on MacDougal Street in New York City's Greenwich Village which was founded in 1927 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 8Kaffa kalid coffeepot, by French silversmith François-Thomas Germain, 1757, silver with ebony handle, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 9Rumah Loer, a contemporary-style coffee shop (Indonesian: rumah kopi kekinian) in Palembang, Indonesia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 10A coffeehouse in London, 17th century (from Coffeehouse)
Image 11Café Tortoni is an emblematic café in Buenos Aires. Frequented by Jorge Luis Borges among many other figures of Argentina. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 12The Grey Owl Coffee shop in Norman, Oklahoma (from Coffeehouse)
Image 13Syrian Bedouin from a beehive village in Aleppo, Syria, sipping the traditional murra (bitter) coffee, 1930 (from History of coffee)
Image 14Café Ekberg in 2024 (from Coffeehouse)
Image 15Central European Habsburg coffee house culture: news, coffee, the glass of water and the marble table top (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 16Statue of Fernando Pessoa by Lagoa Henriques, next to the A Brasileira café, in Chiado, Lisbon (from Coffeehouse)
Image 17German Empot coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 18A café in a former church, Utrecht (from Coffeehouse)
Image 19Coffee plantation (from History of coffee)
Image 20A coffee bearer, from the Ottoman quarters in Cairo (1857) (from Coffee culture)
Image 21Home espresso machine without pump (only with steam pressure) (from Coffee preparation)
Image 22"Café" neon sign in Breda (from Coffeehouse)
Image 23Moka 2 Cup Coffee Fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 24Café Zimmermann, Leipzig (engraving by Johann Georg Schreiber, 1732) (from History of coffee)
Image 25A Viennese café (from Coffeehouse)
Image 26Cafés in central Tirana (2017) (from Coffee culture)
Image 27Café Mélange, Vienna (from Coffeehouse)
Image 28Dutch coffee-roasting machine, c. 1920 (from Coffee preparation)
Image 29Dutch engraving of Mocha in 1692 (from History of coffee)
Image 30Drip coffee maker (from Coffee preparation)
Image 31A shop specialised in drip coffee in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand (from Coffeehouse)
Image 32Moka pot (from Coffee preparation)
Image 3318th century French plan of Mocha, Yemen. The Somali, Jewish and European quarters are located outside the citadel. The Dutch, English, Turkish and French trading posts are inside the city walls. (from History of coffee)
Image 34Caffè Florian in Venice (from Coffeehouse)
Image 35The Café de Flore on the Rive Gauche in Paris is one of the oldest coffeehouses in the city. It is celebrated for its famous clientele, which included high-profile writers and philosophers. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 36Coffeepot (cafetière "campanienne"), part of a service, 1836, hard-paste porcelain, Metropolitan Museum of Art (from History of coffee)
Image 37Trieste from where the cappuccino spread (from Coffeehouse)
Image 38The Federal Coffee Palace, built on Collins Street, Melbourne, in 1888, was the largest and grandest Coffee Palace ever built. It was demolished in 1973. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 39Home espresso machine with pump (from Coffee preparation)
Image 40A cup of coffee with cheesecake at a cafe in Helsinki, Finland (from Coffee culture)
Image 41Filter coffee being brewed (from Coffee preparation)
Image 42Single serve Vietnamese drip filter (from Coffee preparation)
Image 43Commercial espresso machine (from Coffee preparation)
Image 44The Coffee Bearer by John Frederick Lewis (1857) (from History of coffee)
Image 45Allow cold brew to steep for 8 to 24 hours (from Coffee preparation)
Image 46Coffee break in Belgrade (2013) (from Coffee culture)
Image 47Coffeehouses often sell pastries or other food items. (from Coffeehouse)
Image 48Inside of a kopitiam, Malaysia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 49Caffè Florian in Venice (2015) (from Coffee culture)
Image 50The word coffee in various European languages (from Coffeehouse)
Image 51Wheel coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 52Interior of an espresso bar from Baliuag, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 53Coffee grinder (from Coffee preparation)
Image 54Café Kampela, Helsinki (from Coffeehouse)
Image 55A Viennese coffeehouse (2004) (from Coffee culture)
Image 56A coffee shop at a library in Melbourne (2006) (from Coffee culture)
Image 57Monsooned Malabar arabica, compared with green Yirgachefe beans from Ethiopia (from History of coffee)
Image 58Various grinders for coffee and spices (from Coffee preparation)
Image 59A 1652 handbill advertising coffee for sale in St. Michael's Alley, London (from History of coffee)
Image 60A variation on the moka pot with the upper section formed as a coffee fountain (from Coffee preparation)
Image 61A coffee shop in Bacoor, Philippines (from Coffeehouse)
Image 62Roadside café with a summer terrace. Buryatia, Russia (from Coffeehouse)
Image 63Family in Söderhamn, Sweden, seated for fika (c. 1916) (from Coffee culture)
Image 64A coffeehouse in Damascus (2003) (from Coffee culture)
Image 65Caffè San Marco in Trieste, known for its artists, writers and intellectuals (2014) (from Coffee culture)
Image 66"Discussing the War in a Paris Café", The Illustrated London News, 17 September 1870, during the Franco-Prussian War (from Coffeehouse)
Image 67A coffeehouse in Cairo, 18th century (from Coffeehouse)

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... that coffee production in Cameroon includes robusta in the coastal areas and arabica in the western highlands?

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Caffè mocha with a layer of espresso

A caffè mocha (/ˈmɒkə/ MOK-ə or /ˈmoʊkə/ MOH-kə), also called mocaccino (Italian: [mokatˈtʃiːno]), is a chocolate-flavoured warm beverage that is a variant of a caffè latte, commonly served in a glass rather than a mug. Other commonly used spellings are mochaccino and also mochachino. The name is derived from the city of Mokha, Taiz Governorate, Yemen, which was one of the centres of early coffee trade. The name is sometimes shortened to just mocha. (Full article...)

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Robusta coffee

Credit: User:DXLINH

Robusta coffee beans after harvesting (right) and after being dried (left)

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... that actor Tatsunari Kimura ate pancakes and drank coffee while talking for eight hours during the filming of the television drama Old-Fashioned Cupcake?
... that in a copyright infringement case over a coffee-table history of the Grateful Dead, the Second Circuit held that a reuser can still claim fair use despite negotiating with the rights holder?
... that Arab Coffeehouse depicts Henri Matisse's visit to Tangier, where he saw its locals gaze for hours into fishbowls?
... that Franz Liszt's female admirers would fight over his cigar stubs and coffee dregs as souvenirs?
... that Coffee Talk Episode 2: Hibiscus & Butterfly was released after the main creator of Coffee Talk died in March 2022?
... that the Highfield Cocoa and Coffee House in Sheffield, England, sold tea, coffee and cocoa at a penny a pint and also provided billiards and reading rooms?
... that the city council of Bandung in the Dutch East Indies initially met at the site of a former coffee-packing factory?
... that Bob Dylan poked Emmylou Harris when he wanted her to start singing during the recording of "One More Cup of Coffee (Valley Below)"?

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Web resources

World Coffee Research – a 501 (c)(5) nonprofit program of the international coffee industry. (Wikipedia article: World Coffee Research)
Coffee Research Foundation – based in Kenya, and founded in 1908
Central Coffee Research Institute – based in Chickmagalur District, India, and founded in 1915

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v t e Coffee
Topics	Economics Fair trade History International Coffee Day Single-origin coffee Third-wave coffee
Production	Coffee production Organic coffee Shade-grown coffee Sustainable coffee List of countries by coffee production Coffee roasting Coffee wastewater Decaffeination Home roasting
Species and varieties	Arabica Benguet Blue Mountain Bonifieur Bourbon Geisha Kona Maracaturra Maragogipe Molokai S795 Sagada Charrieriana Liberica Barako Racemosa Robusta Sulu
Components	Cafestol Caffeic acid Caffeine Coffee bean Furan-2-ylmethanethiol Kahweol
Preparation	AeroPress Arabic coffee Jebena Brewed coffee Chemex Cezve Chorreador Coffeemaker Cold brew nitro Drip coffee Espresso doppio lungo ristretto Espresso machine French drip Karlsbad coffee maker French press Instant coffee Coffee syrup Knockbox Moka pot Neapolitan flip coffee pot Percolator Turkish coffee Yazdi coffee Vacuum maker Single-serve coffee container
Coffee drinks	Affogato Americano Beaten coffee Bica Bicerin Black Russian Cà phê sữa đá Café au lait Café com cheirinho Café con leche Café de olla Café Touba Caffè corretto Caffè crema Caffè macchiato Caffè mocha Cappuccino Carajillo Coffee cabinet Coffee milk Cortado Café Cubano Dalgona coffee Egg coffee Espresso Flat white Frappé coffee Frappuccino Galão Garoto Gassosa al caffè Iced coffee Indian filter coffee Ipoh white coffee Irish coffee Karsk Kopi Kopi luwak Kopi tubruk Kurdish coffee Latte macchiato Latte Liqueur coffee Long black Lungo Marocchino Mazagran Moretta Oliang Raf coffee Red eye Ristretto Rüdesheimer Kaffee Tenom coffee Turkish coffee White coffee White Russian Wiener Melange Yazdi coffee Yuenyeung
Organization lists	Bakery cafés Coffee companies Coffeehouses
Lifestyle	Barista Bikini barista Caffè sospeso Coffee break Coffee ceremony of Ethiopia and Eritrea CoffeeCon Coffee culture Australia Former Yugoslavia Coffee cupping Coffee palace Coffeehouse Historical coffeehouses Kopi tiam Latte art Viennese coffee house
Substitutes	Barley coffee Barley tea Barleycup Caro Cereal coffee Chicory Dandelion coffee Inka Maya nut Postum Qishr
Serving vessels	Coffee cup sleeve Cezve Demitasse spoon Tasse à café Zarf
Competitions	United States Barista Championship World Barista Championship World Brewers Cup
Misc.	Coffee and doughnuts Coffee bag Coffee service Coffee leaf rust Coffee wars Gustav III of Sweden's coffee experiment Canned coffee Coffee vending machine Used coffee grounds Sustainable coffee Low acid coffee
Coffee portal Category: Coffee

v t e Coffee production by region
Top 20 producers (2014)	Brazil Colombia Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Ethiopia Guatemala Honduras India Indonesia Java Ivory Coast Mexico Nicaragua Papua New Guinea Peru Tanzania Thailand Uganda Vietnam
Other cultivators	Angola Bolivia China Cameroon Cuba Democratic Republic of the Congo East Timor Guadeloupe Guam Haiti Jamaica Kenya Laos Martinique Panama Paraguay Philippines Puerto Rico Sri Lanka United States (Hawaii) Venezuela
Lists	List of countries by coffee production List of countries by coffee exports

v t e Coffee in Italy
Roasters	illy Lavazza Massimo Zanetti Beverage Group Caffè Pascucci Caffè del Doge Guglielmo Caffè
Historical Coffeehouses	Antico Caffè Greco Caffè Bardi Caffè-Pasticceria Cova Caffè Florian Caffè Giubbe Rosse Caffè Lavena Caffè Michelangiolo Caffè Quadri Caffè San Marco Caffè Fiorio Caffè Gambrinus Gran Caffè Doney Palazzina Majani, Bologna Pedrocchi Café Antico Caffè Spinnato
People	Alfonso Bialetti Francesco Illy Luigi Lavazza Angelo Moriondo
Technology	Bialetti Caffitaly Cimbali FrancisFrancis De'Longhi Elektra Faema Gaggia La Marzocco Lelit Rancilio Saeco Smeg
Drinks	Affogato Barbajada Bicerin Bombardino Caffè corretto Caffè crema Caffè macchiato Espressino Espresso Lungo Ristretto Doppio Latte macchiato Marocchino Mocaccino Shakerato Gassosa al caffè Moretta
Other	Barista Caffè sospeso Easy Serving Espresso Pod Espresso machine IperEspresso ISSpresso Lavazza A Modo Mio Moka pot Neapolitan flip coffee pot