Wikipedia

2016–2017 Kashmir unrest

(Redirected from 2016-2017 Kashmir unrest)

The 2016 Kashmir Riots , also known as the Burhan aftermath, refers to protests in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, chiefly in the Kashmir Valley. It started after the killing of militant leader Burhan Wani by Indian security forces on 8 July 2016. Wani was a commander of the Kashmir-based Islamist militant organisation Hizbul Mujahideen.[26][27]

2016 Kashmir Riots
Part of the Kashmir conflict
Kashmiri youths throwing stones at Indian Troops
Date8 July 2016 – February 2017
Location
Kashmir Valley, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Caused by
Goals
  • Demilitarization of valley
  • Repeal of AFSPA and Public Safety Act
  • Independence/autonomy/self-determination for Kashmir[5]
MethodsProtests
Mob violence
Stone-pelting
General strikes
Parties
Lead figures

Syed Ali Shah Geelani (Chairman of All Hurriyat Parties Conference)
Mirwaiz Umar Farooq
Yasin Malik (Chairman of JKLF)
Asiya Andrabi (Leader of Dukhtaran-e-Millat)
Burhan Wani †

Casualties and losses
3 soldiers killed[12]
2 policemen killed[13][14]
4,000+ security personnel injured[15]
100+ protestors killed[16][17][18][19][20]
15,000+ injured[21]
8,587 arrested[22][23][24]
1,000+ detained[22][25]

Curfew was imposed in all 10 districts of the valley on 15 July and mobile services were suspended.[28] Protests started in all 10 districts of the Kashmir Valley. Protesters defied curfew with attacks on security forces and public properties.[29][30] Kashmir valley then remained under 53 consecutive days of curfew. The curfew was lifted on 31 August,[31][32][33] but was reimposed in some areas the next day.[34]

Jammu and Kashmir police and Indian paramilitary forces used pellet guns, tear gas shells, rubber bullets, as well as assault rifles.[35] More than 90 civilians were killed[16][17][18][19][20] and over 15,000 civilians were injured, including many who were blinded by pellet guns.[21] Two security personnel died[36] and over 4,000 were injured.[15]

Columnists including Prem Shankar Jha termed the unrest as Kashmir's Intifada.[37][38][39]

Background

edit
See also: Kashmir conflict and Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir

In the 2014 Indian general election, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won a majority in the Lower House of the Indian Parliament. Narendra Modi became the prime minister. In the accompanying state Legislative Assembly elections the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP) won a majority of the seats in Kashmir and the BJP won the majority in Jammu. Even though the parties campaigned against each other, they formed a coalition government, with Mufti Mohammad Sayeed as chief minister. Following Sayeed's death in 2016, his daughter Mehbooba Mufti took over as chief minister, becoming the first female chief minister of the state.[2][3][4][40]

In late 2015 and early 2016, observers of Kashmir reported growth in Islamic militancy and increased radicalization of the Kashmiri Muslim population. Reasons for the growth included the absence of political dialogue, lack of economic opportunities, high unemployment, excessive militarization and repeated human rights violations by the security forces.[1][2] According to Haris Zargar, the increasing radicalization was a reaction to Indian nationalist identity. The rise of Hindu nationalism affected how Kashmiri Muslims viewed the Indian state and reshaped their identity. The polarization in India and the violence targeting Muslims were widely discussed in Kashmiri homes.[1][2][41]

Wani's militant Islamic wing, Hizbul Mujahideen, was dubbed "new-age militancy". It was designated a terrorist organization. It recruited youth, the educated and middle-class, who were conversant with social media and not afraid to reveal their identities. They achieved popularity among the Kashmiris. When Waseem Malla and Naseer Ahmad Pandit, two of Burhan's associates were killed by security forces, tens of thousands attended the funeral; funeral rites had to be repeated six times to allow all to participate.[41] Youths who recently became militants campaigned for PDP during the general elections in 2014.[40]

Death of Burhan Wani

edit

On 8 July 2016, Burhan Wani was killed in a planned operation by the Jammu and Kashmir Police and the Rashtriya Rifles. Following a tip-off that Wani was planning to come down from the Tral forest for Eid celebrations, he and two associates were cornered in the Kokernag area. According to police officials, after an exchange of fire, the house in which the militants were staying was bombed, killing all three militants.[42][43] Some eyewitnesses stated that the three were shot while trying to escape.[44]

According to a police official, the security establishment was conflicted about killing Wani owing to his popularity, but the misgivings were not heeded. Wani left home to become a militant at age 15 after an incident with the police that humiliated him.[45] Kashmiri youth angered by the "never-ending militarization" of the Valley were drawn to him. His constant presence on social media made him a household name.[43]

Journalist Fahad Shah stated that, with Wani's killing, the situation in Kashmir entered a period of "amplified instability". At Wani's funeral, an estimated 200,000 people came to mourn him. Forty funeral prayers were offered as well as a 21-gun salute by militants. His death launched demonstrations, and many incidents of stone-pelting were reported.[46][47][a]

Timeline of unrest

edit

2016

edit

July

edit
 
Police and stone-throwing demonstrator clash on a street in Srinagar.

After the news of Wani's death spread, protests erupted in some areas of Kashmir Valley. Curfew-like restrictions were imposed in South Kashmir during the night, and internet services in many areas were suspended. Hurriyat chairman Syed Ali Shah Geelani and Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front chairman Yasin Malik called for a strike to protest against the killing. Geelani, along with other separatist leaders including Asiya Andrabi and Mirwaiz Umar Farooq, called for a three-day shutdown.[29][49] The shutdown extended into August.[50][51][52][53]

Violent clashes broke out on 9 July in some areas. Over 20 police stations were attacked by mobs who stole weapons and fired upon security forces. Stone pelting was reported from many parts of Kashmir,[30] including transit camps of Kashmiri Pandits. Train services and the pilgrimage to Amarnath Temple were suspended. State board exams were postponed, while the Jammu–Srinagar National Highway was shut.[54][55] By the end of the day, over 200 people were injured and 11 protesters were killed.[56][57] By 10 July, more than 20 were confirmed to have died. More than 300 CRPF personnel were reported to have been injured.[58][59] In addition, many vehicles and buildings belonging to security forces were attacked and a number were set ablaze. Some militants hiding among protesters threw grenades at security personnel.[58][60]

Two policemen died. One (Feroz Ahmed) of Mattan, Anantnag died on 9 July when a mob attacked and pushed his mobile bunker into Jhelum river. Another died on 24 July, from injuries received in an attack on a police station by stone-pelters on 15 July.[13][14]

On the night of 12 July, about 200–300 Kashmiri Pandit employees fled the transit camps in Kashmir due to the constant attacks. Over 1300 government employees belonging to the community fled the region.[61][62][63] 800 personnel of the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) meanwhile were sent to Kashmir, adding to the 1,200 sent on 9 July.[64]

On 15 July, curfew was imposed across Kashmir and mobile phone networks were suspended.[28] On the same day, separatists extended the shutdown until 18 July.[65] Re-opening of schools and colleges in Kashmir was postponed.[66] The government announced that it was sending 2,000 additional CRPF personnel to Kashmir.[67]

The law-and-order situation had started to improve by 24 July. Curfew was lifted from four districts and parts of Srinagar city, while Section 144 of Code of Criminal Procedure remained in force.[68][69] By 26 July, it was lifted everywhere except Anantnag.[70]

Protests erupted in many areas after the lifting of the curfew. It was reimposed a day later in Kulgam district, Anantnag and some parts of Srinagar in view of the march called by separatists.[71] It was later reimposed in Pulwama district and Shopian district as well.[72]

On 29 July, violent clashes broke out in several places. Over 130 people were reported injured. 70 incidents of stone-pelting were reported, including attacks on army camps. During the protests, a government building in Rafiabad and an animal husbandry office in Shopian were set on fire, and a grenade lobbed in Shopian.[73][74] On 30 July, the motorcade of state Education Minister Naeem Akhtar, who was traveling with MLC Yashir Reshi, was pelted with stones by crowds who were later dispersed at Dangerpora and Shilwat.[75]

August

edit

On 1 August, protesters in Srinagar attacked state Education Minister Naeem Akhtar's residence with petrol bombs. Akhtar and his family were not present at the time.[76] The cavalcade of Law and Rural Development Minister Abdul Haq was attacked with stones by protesters in Tangdhar area managed to escape the attack unhurt.[77] A mob attacked the vehicle of the Additional Deputy Commissioner (ADC) of Ramban with stones and set it ablaze on the national highway near Lethpora. Two protesters were killed in defence by a Personal Security Officer of the ADC who was rescued by the CRPF.[78]

The shutdown was repeatedly extended by separatists into September.[79][80][81][82]

The unrest spread to the Chenab valley region of Jammu Division in August with shutdowns being observed in many towns. Protests against civilian casualties were held in Doda with people shouting pro-freedom slogans.[83][84] On 5 August curfew was imposed in several places in view of the march called by separatists. Three people were killed and 674 injured during violent clashes that erupted after Friday prayers.[85][86]

The separatists asked Kashmiris to observe a "black day" on 15 August on 11 August. Curfew was extended in several parts of Kashmir the next day in view of the separatists' call for marching to the Eidgah on 13 and 14 August.[87][88] The next day after Friday prayers, violent protests erupted in several cities, leaving hundreds of people injured.[89][90] Protests followed Friday prayers in Doda against the civilian deaths in Kashmir. Many were injured in the clashes, with police and protesters blaming each other. The Seerat committee called for a three-day shutdown.[91][92]

Most parts of Kashmir were placed under curfew on 13 August.[93]

On Pakistan's Independence Day, flags of Pakistan were hoisted across Kashmir and pro-Pakistan rallies were carried out, with dozens of people reported injured when security personnel tried to disperse them.[94] Separatist leader Asiya Andrabi was injured along with many other protesters while leading a women-only rally in Tral when security personnel used teargas.[95][96][97]

On 16 August, five protesters were shot and killed by security personnel.[98][99][100]

On 17 August, a march called by the separatists to the office of UNMOGIP, in Srinagar, was stopped by security forces.[101][102] On the same day, the house of the MLA of Shopian, Mohammed Yousuf Bhat, was attacked by a mob.[103][104]

On 21 August, a youth was killed after he was hit by a teargas shell in Srinagar while 70 others were injured in protests across the region, including about 60 people in a village of Rafiabad Tehsil. Pro-freedom rallies were held at Anantnag, Shopian and Pulwama, with 40,000 people attending a rally in a Shopian village addressed by separatists including Geelani.[105][106][107] The Border Security Force (BSF) was removed from counter-insurgency operations and deployed to maintain law and order in Srinagar for the first time in 12 years on 22 August.[108][109] On 23 August, two special police officers in Sopore resigned after their houses were attacked by mobs.[110][111]

On 24 August, a youth died after receiving injuries in a clash with security forces[112][113] while 9 policemen were reportedly injured when a grenade was lobbed at them in Pulwama.[114]

Curfew was lifted from all parts of Kashmir on 31 August. One person was killed while over 100 were injured in clashes during the day. A police quarters and house of Rajya Sabha member of PDP, Nazir Ahmad Laway were set on fire by protesters in Hanad Chawalgam of Kulgam district.[31][32][33]

September

edit

Curfew was reimposed in most places on 2 September including Srinagar, Badgam, Ganderbal, Bandipora and Handwara.[115][116] The next day, curfew was lifted from most places, with only some areas of Srinagar remaining under curfew. Meanwhile, a youth was killed in clashes in Qazigund.[117] Over 600 people were reported to have been injured on 4 September. The office of Deputy Commissioner in Shopian was torched.[118] On 5 September, a youth who had been wounded a day earlier, died from his injuries in Sopore. Over 120 people were injured. In Zangalpora village of Kulgam, protesters set a policeman's house on fire.[119][120]

On 15 September, the shutdown was extended until 22 September. On 16 September, a protester died who had been injured on 9 September. Over 50 people were injured including 15 in Dooru village and 20 in Sopore.[121][122][123]

On 7 September, over 250 protesters were injured. A Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya school in Kulgam caught fire after teargas shells landed inside the school compound. Meanwhile, a rest house in Chawalgam village of Kulgam was set on fire after protesters hurled petrol bombs at it.[124] Curfew and restrictions on assembly of people were lifted.[125] They were reimposed in most parts of Srinagar on 9 September,[126][127] but were lifted again the next day.[128] Two protesters were killed on 10 September.[129]

Curfew was reimposed on 13 September across the entire region in view of the call for a march to the UN offices in Kashmir, while helicopters and drones were deployed. This was the first time in 26 years that curfew had been imposed in the region during Eid al-Adha. Eid congregations were barred at the Eidgah and Hazratbal Shrine.[130][131] Two protesters were killed.[132][133] On 17 September, the body of an 11-year-old boy, who went missing in protests on the previous day in Harwan, was found near a stream at Dachigam National Park. He had been hit by pellets. Protests erupted in Harwan and other areas after the news of his death. Several people were injured.[134]

On 19 September, curfew was lifted from all areas except some parts of Srinagar.[135] A 19-year-old girl died of cardiac arrest in Shopian district while a school in Vehil village of the district was burnt under unknown circumstances. The police blamed the protesters for setting the fire, however locals denied the accusation. Another school in Anantnag district was also burnt.[136] Curfew was lifted from all parts of Kashmir on 25 September, as the separatists declared a temporary relaxation in the shutdown.[137]

Curfew was reimposed in Kishtwar after clashes erupted due to the arrest of three youths.[138] It was lifted two days later, with night curfew remaining in place.[139]

Operation Calm Down was launched by the Indian army to restore normalcy and connectivity to regions that had been most affected, especially in South Kashmir. The additional 4000 troops were ordered to use minimal force. Tasks involved ensuring schools opened and were secure.[140][141][142]

November

edit

On 16 November, separatists announced a full-day relaxation for two days on 19 and 20 November. This was the first such relaxation since the beginning of the unrest.[143]

December

edit

The separatists increased a full-day relaxation to five days on 14 December, calling for shutdown on two days.[144] They also stated on 16 December that they would announce an annual protest program.[145]

2017

edit

February

edit

The separatists called off their strikes in mid-February, including the one scheduled for 24 February as it coincided with the Shivaratri festival celebrated by the Hindu community.[146]

Casualties

edit

More than 100 people including 5 security personnel died.[17][19][16][147][148][149][150] Over 19,000 people including more than 15,000 civilians[15][21][151] as well as 4,000 security personnel were injured.[15] According to local doctors, at least 117 civilians were likely to lose their eyesight as a result of injuries caused by buckshot blasts.[152] Three policemen went missing on 9 July and one was killed on 10 July during protests in Anantnag district when a mob pushed his vehicle into the Jhelum river. Another policeman died on 24 July, succumbing to injuries received on 15 July during an attack on a police station in Kulgam.[14][153] Two of the missing policemen were later traced by the state police and were found to have become incommunicado after mobile services were cut. Security forces were not able to find the third policeman, or a large cache of arms that went missing after a police station in south Kashmir was immolated.[154] On 18 September 2016, 18 Indian Army soldiers were killed during an attack by militants in Uri. The target was a Brigade headquarters.[155]

Use of pellet guns

edit
See also: Crowd control in Jammu and Kashmir

Indian security forces trying to control the Kashmiri agitators used pellet guns, which, although billed as "non-lethal", led to many casualties including permanent eye injuries.[156][157] 10 civilians were killed by pellet gunfire.[158]

The medical emergency in Kashmir led to a shortage of eye specialists who could treat the injured.[159] In Shri Maharaja Hari Singh (SMHS) Hospital of Srinagar, over 200 patients were admitted by 13 July with the same problem.[160] A five-year-old, Zohra Zahoor, had pellet wounds in her legs, forehead and abdomen.[161] Human Rights Watch strongly condemned the use of pellet guns on protesters and called it a failure by the authorities to respect basic human rights.[162] According to a Sky News report, the Indian paramilitary fired up to 3,800 cartridges between July and August, each containing 450 metal balls, up to 1.7 million pellets.[163]

A team of three eye-specialists from the All India Institute of Medical Sciences in New Delhi, headed by ophthalmologist Prof Sudarshan K. Kumar, reached Kashmir to help the local doctors treat the pellet gun injuries. By 22 July, the SMHS Hospital had received at least 182 patients with eye injuries, mostly due to pellets. More than 137 eye surgeries took place.[164][165] Another team of three eye-specialists, led by ophthalmologist Sundaram Natarajan of Aditya Jyot Eye Hospital, Mumbai, organized by Adhik Kadam of Borderless World Foundation[166][167] arrived in the region on 26 July to treat eye injuries and performed over 40 retinal surgeries in 3 days.[168] By 28 August 570 people had been treated in the SMHS hospital[169] and 425 eye surgeries were performed.[170] About 3,000 civilians were injured.[171]

Events

edit

Media blackout

edit

On 9 July, mobile internet services were suspended in Kashmir and Jammu to reduce rumor-mongering.[172][173] On 16 July, the Jammu and Kashmir government imposed a press emergency. The police raided newspaper installations and seized copies of newspapers and printing plates. They said that, in view of the curfew, movement of newspaper staff and the distribution of newspapers would not be possible "for a few days". Landline and mobile telephone services were blocked, except for the lines of a government-owned company, BSNL. Internet services remained suspended. Cable television was also shut off, ostensibly to stop the broadcast of Pakistani channels.[174][175][176][177]

On 19 July, Chief Minister Mehbooba Mufti denied the ban on newspapers.[178] Her adviser Amitabh Mattoo hinted that the decision was taken at the "local level". Mattoo also declared that newspapers would be able to print from 19 July.[179] However, the newspapers refused to publish, alleging uncertainties about the restrictions. One editor asked the government to "own the ban" and issue a statement guaranteeing that the media would not be hampered.[180] The chief minister held a meeting with Srinagar-based newspaper editors, expressing regret for the restrictions and assuring them that their work would not be hampered. Following this, the newspapers resumed deliveries on Thursday.[181] The senior superintendent of police of Budgam district Fayaz Ahamad Lone was held responsible for raiding the press and transferred.[180]

Mobile internet was restored in Jammu on 26 July.[182] Mobile telephone services were restored on 27 July for most postpaid and some prepaid numbers in Kashmir.[183] Mobile internet was suspended again in Jammu on 5 August in view of the growing unrest in Chenab valley however they were restored later the same day.[184][185] Mobile telephone services in Kashmir were suspended again on 11 August.[186] In addition, broadband services were suspended in Kashmir on 13 August, stopping Internet service.[187][188] Broadband internet was restored on 18 August.[189] Mobile services were again partially restored in Kashmir on 20 August.[190][191]

On 12 September, the state government again ordered the suspension of internet and mobile phone services in Kashmir excluding postpaid connections of BSNL for a period of 72 hours.[192]

In April 2017, state authorities banned 22 social media sites for a one-month period in an effort to calm tensions in the disputed region after videos depicting the alleged abuse of Kashmiris by Indian forces emerged.[193]

Newspaper ban

edit

Kashmir Reader, a prominent English newspaper which is published in Srinagar, was indefinitely banned by the state authorities on 30 September. It was asked to stop publication on the evening of Sunday, 2 October.[194][195] The daily was accused of publishing material that "tends to incite acts of violence" and "disturb public peace and tranquility".[196] Human rights group Amnesty International said the ban was a "setback to free speech" and called on authorities to revoke the order.[197] On 28 December, the newspaper resumed publication after the government lifted the nearly three-month ban.[198]

Arrest of Khurram Parvez

edit

Khurram Parvez, a prominent Kashmiri human rights activist, was first stopped by Indian authorities at New Delhi airport on 14 September to prevent him from attending the UN Human Rights Council session in Geneva.[199] Parvez was arrested on 15 September by Indian officials from his home in Srinagar.[200] On 21 September, a day after a sessions court ordered his release, Khurram Parvez was detained a second time under Public Safety Act (PSA).[201][202] After 76 days of detention,[203] on 30 November he was again released, following the orders[204] of Jammu and Kashmir High Court.[205]

Action against security personnel

edit

Fayaz Ahamad Lone, the senior superintendent of police (SSP) of Budgam district who had ordered the police forces to raid press offices and stop the newspapers, was transferred to the State Disaster Response Fund as a commandant.[180] Two officers were later transferred from South Kashmir: the deputy inspector general of police in South Kashmir and the senior superintendent of police in Anantnag.[206]

The SSP in Srinagar was directed on 19 July by a local court to register a case against a deputy superintendent of police (DSP) and other police personnel for allegedly murdering a youth after breaking into his house on 10 July. It also ordered that the case could not be investigated by anyone below the rank of DSP.[207] Instead of registering a case against the DSP, the state police registered a case against the youth over various offenses and alleged that he was leading a procession on the day he was killed. The court rejected the argument and ordered the SSP to register a case against the DSP within a day.[208] A non-bailable warrant was later issued against the SSP for not obeying the court order and registering a case within the allotted time-period.[209] The SSP was produced in the court by the Deputy Inspector General of Police of Central Kashmir and was granted bail. He was ordered to file his statement and register the case against the DSP.[210] A petition against the filing of the report was dismissed by the Jammu and Kashmir High Court. The Court directed the Chief Judicial Magistrate of Srinagar to initiate contempt proceedings against the SSP if the report was not registered.[211] The Supreme Court stayed the contempt proceedings as well as the Inspector General of Police in Kashmir on 9 August.[212] The court directed the state government on 12 August to exhume the body and conduct an autopsy.[213] The autopsy report was submitted to the Supreme Court on 26 September 2016, with the report concluding that he had died due to pellet injuries.[214]

A CRPF sub-inspector who shot an ambulance driver on 18 August was suspended the following day.[215] On 18 August, a probe was ordered into the death of a person who was killed after an Indian Army raid in a Khrew village. D.S. Hooda admitted the next day that the person was beaten to death by soldiers and stated that the raid on the village was unsanctioned.[216]

Internet censorship

edit

On 26 April 2017, the state government directed various Internet service providers (ISPs) to block access to 22 social networking websites, saying it was needed to prevent spreading of rumors and to maintain law and order in the state, under the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885.[217] The youth used virtual private networks (VPNs), Internet proxies and other tools to circumvent the block.[citation needed]

Reactions

edit

India

edit

Government and politicians

edit

On 9 July, Home Minister Rajnath Singh appealed for peace and calm in Kashmir.[218] On 10 July, the state government appealed to all the political parties including the separatists for help in restoring normalcy. Separatist leader Geelani agreed and asked Kashmiris to remain "disciplined" while Farooq ridiculed the appeal.[219][220] Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir Mehbooba Mufti appealed for calm on 12 July.[221] Prime Minister Modi expressed concern over the unrest and appealed for calm while promising help to the state government.[222]

Congress party chairperson Sonia Gandhi expressed deep anguish at the loss of innocent lives.[223] She pointed out advances made over the prior two decades and appealed to Kashmiris to let political parties find durable ways of fulfilling people's aspirations.[224] Congress also dispatched a fact-finding team of senior leaders Ambika Soni and Salman Khurshid. They criticised the government for discontinuing development policies and for excessive force in dealing with protesters. The party demanded an all-party meet to discuss the Kashmir situation.[4] The party later criticized Mufti for not knowing about Burhan's presence during the encounter and blamed the unrest in on her. It also criticised the Union government for continuing talks with Pakistan during the unrest.[225]

Women's activist and CPIM party leader Kavita Krishnan termed Burhan Wani's death an "extrajudicial killing". She noted the Supreme Court decree that required every single encounter to be followed by a FIR and a magisterial enquiry.[226]

On 17 July, Minister of State for External Affairs Vijay Kumar Singh urged people of Kashmir to cooperate with the government and stated that they had been misguided by unwanted elements.[227] On 19 July, Home Minister Singh blamed Pakistan for the violence, stating, "Whatever is happening in Kashmir is Pakistan-sponsored. The name is 'Pakistan', but its acts are na-pak (impure)."[228]

An all-party meeting was held on 21 July with the aim of building a consensus on measures to restore normalcy. The Jammu & Kashmir National Conference boycotted the meeting, blaming the government for the situation.[229]

A two-day visit by Singh beginning on 23 July was announced, in which Singh visited Kashmir to try to calm down the situation.[230] After arrival he met with local entrepreneurs, houseboat owners, Muslim clerics, members of the Sikh community, members of the Kashmiri Pandit community, and civilians. The meeting was boycotted by several trade groups, ostensibly due to the killings and lack of results from past meetings. Later in the day, he met Governor Narinder Nath Vohra and Chief Minister Mehbooba Mufti. On the second day he met political leaders and members of civil society – the Congress party boycotted the meeting.[231]

The Supreme Court of India on 29 July sought a report from the Union Government while promising all possible help to Kashmiri civilians.[232]

An all-party conference was announced on 10 August along with a visit by an all-party delegation to hold talks with various sections.[233] During the New Delhi meeting on 12 August, various suggestions were made. Former Home Minister P. Chidambaram on 17 August blamed the state and union government for the unrest.[234][235] A meeting of all opposition political parties in Jammu and Kashmir was held on the same day with resolutions demanding an enquiry by a retired Supreme Court Judge over allegations of use of excessive force, special assembly session on the unrest and the start of a political dialogue with Pakistan about the Kashmir dispute were passed. During the meeting, the participants decided that a delegation of opposition political parties would meet President Pranab Mukherjee over the unrest.[236][237]

 
PM Narendra Modi with delegation of leaders from Jammu and Kashmir Opposition Parties on 22 August 2016

On 19 August 2016, former Chief Minister of Kashmir, Farooq Abdullah stated that Indian forces were "unleashing a reign of terror in Kashmir" that would damage India's global reputation.[238] On the same day, the General Officer Commanding-in-Chief of India's Northern Command reached out to separatist leaders, stating that their help was required to restore normalcy in the region.[239] In addition, a delegation consisting of opposition parties met the President and requested him initiate a political dialogue with all stakeholders and to acknowledge it as a political issue. They requested that the President end the use of lethal force against civilians. They claimed that instead of the government, the opposition parties were taking steps to restore calm.[240][241] The delegation met the Prime Minister on 22 August, submitting a memorandum in which it demanded that the central government ban the use of pellet guns and start a political dialogue with all stakeholders to end the unrest.[242][243] During the meeting, Modi asked all political parties work together to find a "permanent and lasting" solution.[244]

Janata Dal (United) on 21 August advised that the Prime Minister or Home Minister lead an all-party delegation to the region.[245] Arun Jaitley on 21 August labeled stone-throwers as attackers, while blaming Pakistan for the unrest and rejected any compromise with people indulging in violence.[246][247]

The Home Minister visited Kashmir on 24 August.[248][249] On the first day, he reviewed the security situation in a meeting attended by top Army, police and state officials.[250][251] He met with delegations of several political parties, most of which demanded resumption of talks initiation talks with separatists. There was also a near unanimous consensus supporting a ban on pellet guns.[250][251] The meeting was boycotted by many trade bodies of the state.[252] Singh also met with state Governor N. N. Vohra who briefed him about the internal security situation and steps needed to restore normalcy.[253]

The next day, the state's Chief Minister held a press meet along with Singh that she stormed out of after getting upset over allegations of her government's disproportionate use of force.[254] Singh promised to look into alternatives to pellet guns and also stated that he is willing to talk with separatists.[255] Meeting with Modi over the unrest on 27 August, Mufti called for creating interlocutors to hold talks with all stakeholders and blamed Pakistan for fuelling the unrest.[256] The next day, Modi said that unity and compassion were the "twin mantras" for solving the Kashmir issue and criticized those inciting youth to violence saying they will have to answer to them someday. He deplored the loss of life, saying that the loss of anyone's life was a loss for the whole country and they should do whatever it takes to restore peace in the region.[257][258] On the same day, Mufti said that talks should be held with anyone willing to reject violence and restore peace. Mufti also stated the format of dialogue needs to improve. She criticized people instigating the youth to violence.[259] An all-party delegation agreed to visit Kashmir on 4 September. The delegation was to be led by R. Singh.[260] During a press conference with US Secretary of Defense Ash Carter on 30 August, Indian Defense Minister Manohar Parrikar stated that a small percentage of demonstrators were holding the majority "at ransom".[261]

The delegation that arrived on 4 September met various representatives. The separatists refused to meet, despite Mufti's invitation.[262] A National Conference delegation stated that the unrest in Kashmir was due to Kashmiris' sense of alienation arising from the Union government's unjust behavior in the name of the national interest.[263] Some members of the delegation tried to meet separatist leaders, but only Mirwaiz Umar Farooq was willing to talk, briefly, with All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen leader Asaduddin Owaisi. According to Owaisi, Farooq told him that the separatists rejected talks because the government was not serious about political dialogue.[262][264] R. Singh criticized the separatists for this refusal, saying they did not believe in Kashmiriyat, Insaniyat (humanity) and Jamhooriyat (democracy). The all-party delegation disbanded on 5 September, after meeting with over 30 delegations (300+ members) representing various sections of Kashmiri society.[265][266]

21 Sufi clerics met Singh on 6 September and requested his permission to carry out an Aman Yatra in Kashmir and hold talks with the locals. The clerics stated that no dialogue should be held with separatists and that Pakistan was behind the unrest.[267] On 7 September, the delegation that had visited Kashmir asked the Central government to hold talks, while rejecting compromise on national sovereignty.[268] On 10 September, the National Conference expressed regrets over protesters' deaths. It accused the Chief Minister of the State as insensitive and ruthless.[269][270]

On 11 September, R. Singh directed the security forces to crack down on those who were instigating the youth in the region.[271]

Reports

edit

In March 2017, India Today, after an investigation, reported that the stone-pelters stated they were paid for protesting but did not disclose their identity. India Today interviewed five protesters who confessed on camera that they are paid Rs 5,000-Rs 7,000 a month and were provided with clothes and shoes. One claimed that separate funds were given for making petrol bombs.[272]

In April 2017, a report by Indian Intelligence Bureau (IB) stated that an uprising was planned by Pakistan before July 2016, and that Wani's encounter helped the Pakistan Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) ignite rebellion. The report said that ISI supplied Rs 800 crore to Kashmiri separatist leaders including Syed Ali Shah Geelani and Asiya Andrabi. The report stated that ISI's funds were used to pay off stone-pelters and petrol bomb throwers, and also to propagate anti-India and anti-security forces sentiments.[273]

Others

edit

An Indian Army veteran penned an open letter in mid-July, stating that Wani would have died even if he managed to escape as he was a terrorist and all those who conspired to take away Kashmir from India would be met with an iron hand.[274]

South Asia director of Human Rights Watch, Meenakshi Ganguly, said that stone-pelting does not give the police a "free pass" to use force. She pointed out that the main grievance of the protestors was the authorities' failure to ensure human rights.[46] Writer Arundhati Roy asked for an honest conversation about what kind of azadi (freedom) the Kashmiris are demanding.[275]

Panun Kashmir, an organisation for displaced Kashmiri Pandits said on 22 July that the union government should recognise the "fundamentalist upsurge" and asked it to take immediate steps to prevent Kashmir from becoming an "Islamist-controlled territory". It also demanded that the government publish a report detailing attacks on Kashmiri Hindus.[276]

Hurriyat chairman Syed Ali Shah Geelani on 16 July wrote to several international bodies and Heads of States, outlining six measures: offer self-determination, demilitarize the valley, repeal AFSPA and the Public Safety Act, release all political prisoners in Kashmir, restore their right to political activity, allow all international human rights and humanitarian organizations to work in the state and ensurw free political space to all parties.[277][278]

A Facebook spat erupted in August 2016 over the unrest between Ruveda Salam, Kashmir's first woman Indian Police Service officer, and Harmeet Singh Mehta, the SP of Sopore after the former criticized the PDP.[279]

In a video that went viral on 15 March, Hizbul Mujahideen commander Zakir Rashid Bhat asked the stone-pelters to attack the security forces for the supremacy of Islam, but not to fall for nationalism. In the video he stated that he observed that the protesters were mostly fighting for nationalism which Islam did not permit. He criticized the separatist leaders and threatened the local police as well as police informers.[280][281]

Pakistan

edit

On 11 July, Pakistan's Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif in a statement expressed "shock" over the killing of Burhan Wani and other civilians. He said that it was "deplorable that excessive and unlawful force was used against the civilians".[282] The Indian government responded by saying that the Pakistan government's view on Wani's killing reflected its association with terrorism and advised it to refrain from interfering in India's internal affairs.[283] On 13 July, Pakistan's Chief of Army Staff Raheel Sharif condemned the killings.[284]

Sharif declared Wani to be a martyr on 15 July and said that 19 July would be held as a "black day" to express solidarity with Kashmiri people. The Indian Ministry of External Affairs criticised Pakistan for glorifying individuals belonging to proscribed terrorist organisations.[285][286] Observance of the "black day" was postponed by Pakistan's government to 20 July while 19 July was instead observed as "Kashmir's Accession Day" to Pakistan.[287]

A rally called Kashmir Caravan organised by Jamaat-ud-Dawa (JuD) and led by Hafiz Saeed was launched on 19 July at Lahore in support of the Kashmiri people. Members of various religious organisations re expected to join the rally. The rally's first phase was in Pakistan's capital Islamabad. During the second phase reached Muzaffarabad and Chakothi. In the third phase, the rally planned to cross into Jammu and Kashmir.[288] All government officials were directed to wear black arm bands and prayers for Kashmiris were held during the afternoon. In addition, all diplomatic missions of Pakistan were scheduled to hold special ceremonies to highlight the issue and overseas Pakistanis would hold demonstrations outside offices of United Nations around the world. In a special message, Sharif said that India had no option but to accept "defeat" in front of the "freedom wave" in Kashmir.[289]

Sharif declared that Pakistan would approach the United Nations Human Rights Council on behalf of itself and Organisation of Islamic Cooperation to request it to send a fact-finding team over the killings of civilians in Kashmir and banning the use of pellet guns.[290] Pakistan's Ambassador to the United Nations Maleeha Lodhi met with UN officials on 19 July. She briefed them on Kashmir and forwarded letters by Adviser to the Prime Minister on Foreign Affairs Sartaj Aziz, who raised the issue of civilian deaths and said that Kashmiris fundamental human rights had been violated.[291]

A JuD official reported on 25 July that a 30-member medical team of its Muslim Medical Mission would apply for visas to India in order to treat the injured Kashmiri civilians and would seek help of Pakistan's government in getting the visas. The mission's president threatened to hold demonstrations if the Indian government denied its visas.[292] The Indian Embassy in Islamabad did not allow the team to enter its premises when they went there on 26 July. The team then applied through the Internet and courier.[293] A caravan of the JuD bringing relief material was stopped on 2 August by Pakistani security forces at Chakothi. The organisation declared that they would not leave unless India accepted the relief material.[294]

On 1 August, the Parliament of Pakistan unanimously passed a resolution criticising the alleged human rights violations in Kashmir and demanded the UNHRC investigate it.[295] On 3 August, ahead of the SAARC Interior Ministers' Conference, Sharif called the situation "a new wave of freedom movement," and said, "The Kashmiri youth are writing new chapters of sacrifices to get the right to self determination."[296] On 6 August, Pakistan's government offered medical treatment to those injured requested the international community to ask the Indian government to allow it to treat injured Kashmiris[297] which was rejected by the Indian government.[298] On 26 August, Sartaj Aziz met ambassadors of United Nations Security Council and European Union. In the meeting, he briefed the ambassadors about the "killings and human rights violations".[299][300]

On 1 September, Foreign Office Spokesperson Nafees Zakariya stated that Sharif had written another letter to Ban Ki-moon alleging the situation in Kashmir was deteriorating and requested a fact-finding mission to probe alleged human rights violations.[301][302] On 6 September, Awais Leghari one of 22 members of parliament selected to highlight the situation, briefed the presidents of Human Rights Council and International Committee of the Red Cross over the alleged human rights violations and attacked India's use of pellet guns.[303][304] On 7 September, General Raheel Sharif stated that the solution for the Kashmir issue lay in heeding the Kashmiris and respecting their aspirations, not in shooting at them.[305]

On 13 September 2016, Sharif dedicated Eid al-Adha to "sacrifices of Kashmiris" and stated that their voices could not be suppressed through force. President of Pakistan Mamnoon Hussain stated that Kashmiris were attacked for their demands of self-determination and Pakistanis must support them.[306][307] During his speech at the United Nations General Assembly on 21 September, Sharif highlighted Wani as a symbol of the latest "Kashmiri Intifada" while calling for an independent inquiry into the alleged extrajudicial killings committed by Indian security forces in Kashmir.[308]

On 30 May 2017, the Punjab Assembly unanimously adopted a resolution demanding that Pakistan's federal government immediately take the Kashmir issue to the United Nations.[309]

United Nations

edit

United Nations Secretary General Ban conveyed his concern over Kashmir and called for maximum restraint from all parties.[310][311] He offered to mediate between India and Pakistan, provided both countries agreed.[312] UNHRC requested the Indian government to let it visit Kashmir to investigate the alleged human rights abuses. The request was rejected, calling the request interference in the country's internal affairs.[313][314] On 17 August, United Nations' High Commissioner for Human Rights Prince Zeid bin Ra'ad appealed to the Indian and Pakistani governments to allow access.[315] On 12 August, Ban responded to a letter from Sharif, stating: "I deplore the loss of life and hope that all efforts will be made to avoid further violence... The United Nations remains convinced that it is only through dialogue that the outstanding issues between Pakistan and India, including on Kashmir, can be addressed."[316]

United States

edit

The US Department of State briefed the media on 12 and 14 July, stating that the United States was concerned about the violence in Jammu & Kashmir[317][318] and that the US government was in touch with India and Pakistan.[319]

Sharif met Secretary of State John Kerry in September, and expressed their "strong concern" over the violence, particularly the attack on an army base in Uri.[320] The official State Department press release mentioned that Kerry reiterated the need for Pakistan to prevent terrorists from using Pakistani territory as safe havens, while commending recent efforts by Pakistani security forces to counter extremist violence.[321]

European Union

edit

In a statement on 28 July, the European Union expressed its condolences to those killed and injured while urging calm and law and order, further urging India and Pakistan to involve people of Kashmir in the dialogue.[322]

Organization of Islamic Cooperation

edit

In July 2016, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation's (OIC) Independent Permanent Human Rights Commission expressed concern over alleged human rights violations.[323][324] In August, OIC's secretary-general Iyad bin Amin Madani said human rights violations in Kashmir were "not an internal matter of the Indian state", adding: "The international community should raise its voice against the atrocities in India-held Kashmir... The situation in Kashmir is heading towards a referendum. No one should be afraid of a referendum and the solution should be through the United Nations resolutions."[325]

On 19 September, the OIC's contact group on Kashmir met at the 71st session of the UN General Assembly.[320] Amin again expressed concerns and called for an immediate settlement in accordance with wishes of Kashmiri people and United Nations Security Council resolutions, while calling on India to immediately stop committing atrocities in Kashmir.[326] Turkey emphasised the need to resolve the dispute, while Azerbaijan called on the OIC to explore "innovative means to highlight the human rights violations" occurring in Kashmir.[327]

China

edit

China expressed concern over the casualties and called for a proper settlement of the Kashmiri issue through peaceful means.[328] Pakistani media reports claimed that Prime Minister Li Keqiang assured his country's support to Pakistan. The statement added, "We support Pakistan and will speak for Pakistan at every forum." Li encouraged Pakistan and India to de-escalate tensions .[329][330] China's official press release on a meeting between Keqiang and Sharif made no mention of Kashmir.[331]

Turkey

edit

Turkey backed Pakistan's position of sending a team from the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation to probe the alleged human rights violations, expressing hopes that the Kashmir issue would be resolved through dialogue.[332]

Italy

edit

Pakistani media reports claimed that Italy's defence minister Roberta Pinotti (while visiting Pakistan) said India's use of force was "unbearable",[333] and that Italy would apprise the international community concerning the situation.[334] However, Italy's official press release made no mention of Kashmir.[335]

Belarus

edit

A press release by Pakistan government mentioned that Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko during his visit to Islamabad in October 2016, exchanged views on Kashmir with Sharif. The two delegations released a joint statement underlining the "need for resolution of all outstanding issues between Pakistan and India including the Jammu and Kashmir dispute through peaceful means and in accordance with UN Security Council resolutions".[336] However, the official press release by Office of President of Belarus made no mention of Kashmir or UN resolutions.[337]

Amnesty International

edit

Amnesty International accused Indian security forces of using "arbitrary and excessive force" to deal with the protests. It stated that their actions were a violation of international standards and were worsening the human rights crisis. The organisation criticised the use of pellet guns. It called for a ban, and also expressed concern at the deployment of PAVA shells as they could be used in an "arbitrary or indiscriminate manner".[338][339][340] Following a seminar on human rights abuses in Kashmir, the group was accused of sedition in India.[341]

Human Rights Watch

edit

In July, Human Rights Watch (HRW) urged Indian authorities to credibly and impartially investigate the use of lethal force.[342] HRW's South Asia Director Meenakshi Ganguly criticized India for previously ignoring "the finding of abuses under the draconian Armed Forces Special Powers Act".[343] Later in October, HRW urged Indian authorities to end arbitrary detentions.[344]

Pellet guns

edit

Amnesty International asked the Indian government to end the use of pellet guns.[345][346][347] On 4 August, Amnesty International India called for such a ban following the death of a third person.[348]

In response to pellet gun-related casualties, R. Singh announced that a panel would be set up to look for alternatives.[349] During a visit to Kashmir, he asked security forces to avoid using pellet guns as much as possible.[350] The Director-General of Central Reserve Police Force, K. Durga Prasad, in a statement issued on 25 July, regretted the injuries to Kashmiri civilians, but said that they were the least lethal option available and assured that they would only be used in extreme situations.[351] Lieutenant general D. S. Hooda, chief of the Northern Command of the Indian Army, supported his claim.[352] Prasad's comments were criticised by Congress leaders Ghulam Nabi Azad and Amarinder Singh as well as Mohammed Yousuf Tarigami, the state chief of CPI-M.[353][354][355]

The Jammu and Kashmir High Court on 23 July advised the government to discontinue the use of pellet guns.[356] On 26 July, the court required the Union Government to report on the use of the guns. It asked the government to only allow trained personnel to use them, while looking into other means of crowd-control.[357] The High Court issued notices to the state and Union government asking them to file a response to a petition seeking to ban the guns.[358] Deputy Chief Minister Nirmal Singh ruled out a ban on the weapons, stating they were only used in extreme situations.[359] The army recommended the use of sound cannons, pepper shotguns and chilli grenades instead of pellet guns.[360]

In an affidavit filed before the court on 17 August, CRPF told the court that the guns were only used in extreme situations and their withdrawal would force CRPF personnel to resort to the use of rifles, which might increase fatalities.[361][362] The government-appointed panel submitted its report on 29 August, reportedly recommending nonivamide (PAVA) shells, stun lac shells and Long Range Acoustic Devices. It was reported that a ban on pellet guns was ruled out, but the use of weapons would be limited only to the "rarest of rare" cases.[363] On 3 September, R. Singh approved PAVA shells as a replacement.[364][365]

On 6 September, the state government justified the use of pellet guns before the state's high court, stating they were a modern method to deal with violent protesters and contended that a court could not specify how situations were to be handled. It claimed that pellet guns were not compatible with the Standard Operating Procedure of firing below the knees as the pellets spread to a diameter of 6 metres.[366] On 10 September, V.K. Singh, former chief of Indian Army, supported the use of pellet guns stating they were non-lethal and were a "sensible and well-thought" alternative.[367] On 21 September, the state High Court rejected the ban petition, stating that the use of force was inevitable as long as unruly mobs were violent.[368]

In February 2017, CRPF introduced deflectors as a modification for its pellet guns.[369]

See also

edit

Notes

edit
  1. ^ Journalist Praveen Swami estimated from the video footage that the attendees at the funeral numbered about 15,000 people. He stated that the estimates of 200,000 were exaggerated.[48]

References

edit
  1. ^ a b c d Harinder Baweja, Kashmir's Disturbing New Reality, Hindustan Times, 23 November 2015.
  2. ^ a b c d Haris Zargar, Why violence in Kashmir is getting worse, The Diplomat, 27 April 2016.
  3. ^ a b Happymon Jacob, Living in denial on Kashmir, The Hindu, 14 July 2016.
  4. ^ a b c Violence due to divergent ideology: Congress, The Times of India, 18 July 2016.
  5. ^ Barry, Ellen (28 August 2016). "An Epidemic of 'Dead Eyes' in Kashmir as India Uses Pellet Guns on Protesters". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  6. ^ "DeM cadres lead women congregations across Kashmir". Greater Kashmir. 3 August 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  7. ^ Gul, Khalid (5 August 2016). "Pro-freedom rallies in Pampore, Bijbehara". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  8. ^ "DeM activists asked to make Dua-e-Majlis successful". Kashmir Reader. 2 August 2016. Archived from the original on 3 August 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  9. ^ "This is people's Movement, be United: DeM". 22 July 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  10. ^ "SP Vaid, Who Tackled Post-Wani Unrest, to Be New J&K Police Chief". TheQuint. 29 December 2016. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
  11. ^ "Saloora congratulates new DGP, expects massive improvement in the performance of JKP". JK NEWS SERVICE. 28 December 2016. Archived from the original on 3 January 2017. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
  12. ^ "'The fight is still on': 16 killed as violence grips Indian Kashmir". April 2018.
  13. ^ a b "Kashmir protests: Death toll up to 48 as second policeman dies". Hindustan Times. 24 July 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  14. ^ a b c "Toll in Kashmir unrest climbs to 47". The Times of India. 24 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  15. ^ a b c d "Pakistan fomenting trouble, but Modi will solve Kashmir issue: Mehbooba Mufti". The Times of India. 29 August 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  16. ^ a b c "2016 Unrest: Not even one probe into killings completed". Greater Kashmir. 6 December 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2017. While 600 civilians were killed in security forces' action post the killing of Hizb-ul-Mujahideen commander BurhanWani, the Government ordered magisterial inquiries into only five such killings.
  17. ^ a b c "Day 85 Toll 345: Hit by pellets on Sep 15, Budgam youth succumbs at SKIMS". Greater Kashmir. 1 October 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  18. ^ a b "Indian troops kill three suspected separatists in Kashmir". The Nation (Pakistan). Agence France-Presse. 24 January 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  19. ^ a b c Yasir, Sameer (2 January 2017). "Kashmir unrest: What was the real death toll in the state in 2016?". Firstpost. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  20. ^ a b "Kashmir Is Paralyzed by an 'Adored' Band of Militants". The New York Times. 14 November 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  21. ^ a b c Akmali, Mukeet (23 January 2017). "After 15000 injuries, Govt to train forces in pellet guns". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  22. ^ a b Masood, Bashaarat (21 October 2016). "Kashmir witnesses biggest crackdown in two decades, more than 446 arrested in a week". The Indian Express. Retrieved 4 January 2017. The official figures show that in the four districts of south Kashmir – Anantnag, Kulgam, Shopian and Pulwama – the epicenter of current protests, more than 1821 civilians have been arrested and more than 500 detained under preventive detention. In central Kashmir – Srinagar, Budgam and Ganderbal districts – police have arrested close to 1700 persons and put more than 350 people under preventive detention. The number of arrests and preventive detentions in north Kashmir's three districts – Baramulla, Kupwara and Bandipore – is 1130 and 178 respectively.
  23. ^ "Over 7,000 people, mostly youth, arrested during Kashmir unrest". Hindustan Times. 23 October 2016.
  24. ^ "8,587 arrested during 2016 uprising, says Govt". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 28 January 2017.
  25. ^ "India: Cease Wrongful Detentions in Jammu and Kashmir". Human Rights Watch. 15 October 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  26. ^ [1] Archived 29 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  27. ^ "Hizbul Mujahideen 'poster boy' Burhan Wani killed in joint encounter". The Indian Express. 8 July 2016. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 11 July 2016.
  28. ^ a b "Curfew clamped in all 10 districts of Kashmir". The Times of India. 15 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  29. ^ a b "Burhan Wani encounter:12 civilians killed, 200 injured, 6 companies of CRPF rushed into Kashmir". India Today. 9 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  30. ^ a b Singh, Veer Arjun, ed. (9 July 2016). "Don't Want To Kill Our Own, Say Police on Kashmir Clashes After Burhan Wani's Killing". NDTV. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  31. ^ a b "Curfew lifted from Valley, one killed in clash in Sopore". Press Trust of India. 31 August 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  32. ^ a b Peerzada Ashiq (31 August 2016). "One killed, 100 injured in Valley". Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  33. ^ a b "Curfew lifted from entire Kashmir valley, says Div Com". Greater Kashmir. 31 August 2016. Retrieved 31 August 2016.
  34. ^ "Curfew imposed in three areas of Kashmir Valley, separatists continue shutdown". The Indian Express. 1 September 2016. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  35. ^ "Protests intensify in Indian Kashmir, security forces kill five". Reuters. 16 August 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016. The latest casualties came as security forces opened fire with automatic rifles, a step up from their earlier use of shotguns, whose pellets are meant to incapacitate but not kill.
  36. ^ "Kashmir: 2,309 civilians and 3,550 security personnel injured so far in 2016". Daily News & Analysis. 29 July 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  37. ^ Jha, Prem Shankar (23 August 2016). "The Rise of Kashmir's Second 'Intifada'". thewire.in. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  38. ^ "The third intifada in Kashmir". The News International. 9 August 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  39. ^ Hussain, Tom (19 July 2016). "Two centuries of oppression in Kashmir". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 28 April 2017. Unsurprisingly, the emergent generation of stone-pelting young Kashmiris identify with their Palestinian counterparts and are calling the new wave of protests an "Intifada".
  40. ^ a b Shujaat Bukhari, Why the death of militant Burhan Wani has Kashmiris up in arms, BBC News, 11 July 2016.
  41. ^ a b Sudha Ramachandran, Kashmir's reemerging militancy, The Diplomat, 13 May 2016.
  42. ^ Burhan Wani, Hizbul poster boy, killed in encounter, The Hindu, 8 July 2016.
  43. ^ a b The worry: What Burhan Wani's death could give life to, The Indian Express, 9 July 2016.
  44. ^ A journey into the heart of Kashmir's crisis, Al Jazeera, 15 July 2016.
  45. ^ Zulkaif, Riaz (22 September 2020). Burhan Muzaffar Wani ebook – Google books. Independently Published. ISBN 9798688329599. Retrieved 26 September 2020.
  46. ^ a b Fahad Shah, Burhan Wani's killing brings Kashmir to a crossroads, The Diplomat, 14 July 2016.
  47. ^ Baba Umar, Kashmir on fire, The Diplomat, 13 July 2016.
  48. ^ Praveen Swami, Decoding Burhan Wani's death: As rage gets younger, new hotspots emerge in Valley's islands of calm, The Indian Express, 26 July 2016.
  49. ^ Ehsan, Mir (9 July 2016). "Kashmir on boil after face of new militancy, Burhan Wani, is shot dead". The Indian Express. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  50. ^ "Curfew, Restrictions In Kashmir, Separatists Call For A March". NDTV. 25 July 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  51. ^ "Separatists extend shutdown till July 31". Greater Kashmir. 28 July 2016. Archived from the original on 18 September 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  52. ^ "Curfew mostly lifted in Kashmir, but strike shuts down daily routine". The Telegraph (Calcutta). 30 July 2016. Archived from the original on 31 July 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  53. ^ "Curfew remains in force in some parts of Kashmir Valley". The Indian Express. 30 July 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  54. ^ Abraham, Bobins (9 July 2016). "Everything You Need To Know About Burhan Wani – The Hizbul Mujahideen Posterboy Killed in an Encounter in Kashmir". The Times of India. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  55. ^ Sharma, Arun (9 July 2016). "Amarnath pilgrims stranded after vehicular traffic suspended along Jammu-Srinagar highway". The Indian Express. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
  56. ^ Jaleel, Muzamil; Ehsan, Mir (10 July 2016). "J&K: 11 killed, over 200 hurt as Burhan Wani's death sparks violence, protests". The Indian Express. Retrieved 8 April 2023.
  57. ^ Pandit, Muhammad Saleem (10 July 2016). "11 killed, 200 hurt as Valley erupts over Wani's death". The Times of India. Times News Network. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  58. ^ a b ul-Hassan, Ishfaq (11 July 2016). "Burhan Wani death: 21 killed, 300 CRPF personnel injured as violence spreads in Jammu & Kashmir". Daily News & Analysis. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  59. ^ "Kashmir violence: Death toll 23, Omar asks Mehbooba to lead from front". The Times of India. 10 July 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  60. ^ Jameel, Yusuf (10 July 2016). "Kashmir violence: Death toll rises to 30, curfew extended to more parts". Deccan Chronicle. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  61. ^ "Pandits Leave Valley, Threaten Not to Join Jobs in Kashmir". Outlook. 13 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  62. ^ "Kashmiri pandits hold protest for second day". Zee News. 15 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  63. ^ "Jammu & Kashmir: BJP panel to meet Kashmiri Pandit employees as protest enters 12th day". The Indian Express. 26 July 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
  64. ^ "Kashmir on boil as centre rushes 800 additional CRPF troops". The Indian Express. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  65. ^ "J-K: Separatists to extend strike call for three more days from tomorrow". Business Standard. 15 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  66. ^ "Schools, colleges to remain shut in Kashmir till July 24". The Times of India. 17 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  67. ^ "Centre rushes 2,000 additional CRPF troops to Kashmir". The Times of India. 17 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  68. ^ "Curfew lifted from four districts of Kashmir Valley". The Hindu. 23 July 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  69. ^ "Curfew Lifted From 4 Kashmir Districts". NDTV. 24 July 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
  70. ^ "Kashmir unrest: Barring Anantnag, curfew lifted from all parts; schools remain shut". The Indian Express. 26 July 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
  71. ^ "Kashmir: Curfew re-imposed in view of separatists march". The Indian Express. 27 July 2016. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
  72. ^ "Curfew, restrictions back in Kashmir". The Hindu. 29 July 2016. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
  73. ^ "65 hurt as fresh violence rocks Kashmir". The Hindu. 30 July 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  74. ^ "Kashmir Valley protesters clash with forces amid curfew". The Indian Express. 30 July 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  75. ^ "Stones hurled at Naeem Akhtar's cavalcade". Kashmir Reader. 30 July 2016. Archived from the original on 31 July 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  76. ^ Ehsan, Mir (3 August 2016). "Petrol bombs hurled at J&K Education Minister Naem Akthar's house". The Indian Express. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  77. ^ ul-Hassan, Ishfaq (3 August 2016). "Petrol bombs hurled at state education minister's residence". Daily News & Analysis. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  78. ^ Fayyaz, Ahmed Ali (3 August 2016). "2 killed, one critical as ADC's PSO opens fire on crowd after attack". State Times. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  79. ^ "Curfew, separatist shutdown cripple Kashmir for 30th day". The Times of India. 7 August 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
  80. ^ "Separatists extend strike until August 25, call for making lists of needy". The New Indian Express. Press Trust of India. 18 August 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  81. ^ "Separatists extend strike call up to Sep 01, calls for Eidgah Chalo on Aug 26". Kashmir News Service. 24 August 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2016.
  82. ^ "Resistance camp extends shutdown till September". Greater Kashmir. 1 September 2016. Retrieved 1 September 2016.
  83. ^ "Shutdown in Kishtwar, Doda, Thathri over Kashmir killings;Doda rocks with pro-freedom slogans". State Times. 5 August 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
  84. ^ "Kashmir violence: Internet services suspended in Jammu, more areas face shutdown". Hindustan Times. 5 August 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
  85. ^ Ganai, Naseer (6 August 2016). "674 wounded in a single day as pellets, bullets, tear gas rain on Kashmir protesters". India Today. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
  86. ^ Ehsan, Mir (6 August 2016). "J&K: 3 killed, 300 injured in fresh clashes, Hazratbal march stopped". The Indian Express. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
  87. ^ Wani, Fayaz (12 August 2016). "Police detain separatists, JK government foils march". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 13 August 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
  88. ^ "Curfew in Kashmir, separatists plan march". The Times of India. Press Trust of India. 12 August 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
  89. ^ Wani, Fayaz Ibn (12 August 2016). "Dozens injured in fresh clashes in tense Kashmir". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 13 August 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
  90. ^ Yusuf, Shabir Ibn; Gul, Khalid (13 August 2016). "Day 35: Kashmir remains on boil, 250 injured in fresh clashes". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
  91. ^ "Kashmir unrest: Protests spread to Jammu, several injured in clashes". Daily News & Analysis. 13 August 2016. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
  92. ^ Khan, Taheer (13 August 2016). "Police officers, Magistrate among 12 injured in Doda clashes". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
  93. ^ Hussain, Ajaz (13 August 2016). "Anti-India Protests Persist Despite Strict Curfew in Kashmir". United States: ABC News. Associated Press. Retrieved 14 August 2016.
  94. ^ "Pakistan flags, Burhan's posters appear in Srinagar before I-Day as new protests break out". The Tribune. India. 14 August 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016. Pakistan's flags and posters of Hizbul Mujahideen commander Burhan Wani appeared in various parts of Srinagar on Sunday as the Valley remained on edge and under curfew a day before India marked its 70th year of independence. Law enforcement authorities later removed flags and posters that were seen in downtown Srinagar as well as Natipora and Pantha Chowk. This is the first time Pakistan's flags have been seen flying in the Valley since violence began in the state after Wani was killed on July 8, although protesters have been spotted holding them aloft during protest demonstrations. Their appearance in the Valley coincides with Pakistan's Independence Day, celebrated a day before India celebrates its own.
  95. ^ Saha, Abhishek; Jacob, Jayanth (14 August 2016). "Valley under lockdown on I-Day eve as Pakistan raises hostilities". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
  96. ^ Masood, Bashaarat (14 August 2016). "On Pakistan's Independence Day, militants hoist flags, address rallies in Kashmir". The Indian Express. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
  97. ^ Gul, Khalid (14 August 2016). "Teargas shelling on Asiya Andrabi led all- women rally in Tral". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 15 August 2016.
  98. ^ "Five killed in fresh Kashmir clashes". Al Jazeera. 16 August 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  99. ^ Masood, Bashaarat; Ehsan, Mir (17 August 2016). "Kashmir unrest: Five killed in fresh Valley firing, toll 65; Curfew, restrictions tightened". The Indian Express. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  100. ^ Wani, Fayaz (16 August 2016). "Kashmir on edge after 5 more die in security forces firing". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  101. ^ "Kashmir unrest: Separatist leaders defy house arrest, attempt processions to UN office". The Indian Express. Press Trust of India. 18 August 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  102. ^ Wani, Fayaz (17 August 2016). "Government foils separatists 'UN march' in Kashmir". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 18 August 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  103. ^ "PDP MLA Yousuf Bhat's house attacked by mob in Shopian". Business Standard. Press Trust of India. 18 August 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  104. ^ "PDP MLA's house attacked by mob". The New Indian Express. Press Trust of India. 18 August 2016. Archived from the original on 19 August 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  105. ^ Masood, Bashaarat (22 August 2016). "Kashmir unrest: One killed, 70 injured in Valley protests". The Indian Express. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
  106. ^ Hussain, Aijaz (22 August 2016). "Indian Forces Fire at Kashmir Protesters, Killing 1". United States: ABC News. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
  107. ^ Ul-Islam, Zia (22 August 2016). "Kashmir: Thousands throng to pro-freedom rallies". Kashmir Reader. Archived from the original on 22 August 2016. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
  108. ^ "BSF Troops Deployed in Jammu And Kashmir After 12 Years". NDTV. Press Trust of India. 22 August 2016. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
  109. ^ Singh, Rahul; Ahuja, Rajesh (22 August 2016). "12 years on, BSF deployed in Srinagar". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
  110. ^ Masoodi, Nazir (23 August 2016). "2 Special Police Officers Resign After Mob Attacks Their Houses in Kashmir". NDTV. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
  111. ^ "Two cops resign 'publicly' in Sopore". Greater Kashmir. Current News Service. 23 August 2016. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
  112. ^ Ehsan, Mir (24 August 2016). "Kashmir unrest: Fresh clashes in Pulwama leave one more dead". The Indian Express. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
  113. ^ "Teenager killed as Rajnath begins Kashmir visit". Greater Kashmir. Indo-Asian News Service. 24 August 2016. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
  114. ^ "9 policemen injured in grenade attack in Kashmir's Pulwama". Hindustan Times. 24 August 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  115. ^ "Authorities impose curfew in Kashmir". The Hindu. Indo-Asian News Service. 2 September 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2016.
  116. ^ "Curfew Re-imposed in Many Parts of Kashmir". News18. Press Trust of India. 2 September 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2016.
  117. ^ "Youth killed in Kashmir, death toll rises to 71". The Indian Express. Press Trust of India. 3 September 2016. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
  118. ^ Bashir, Abid; Gul, Khalid (5 September 2016). "Day 58: 600 more injured as clashes continue". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  119. ^ Gillo, Nazir (6 September 2016). "Sopore youth succumbs". Kashmir Reader. Archived from the original on 6 September 2016. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
  120. ^ Bashir, Abid; Gul, Khalid (6 September 2016). "Day 59: Sopore teenager succumbs, toll reaches 74". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
  121. ^ "Kashmir unrest: 50 injured in protests, youth succumbs". The Indian Express. 17 September 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  122. ^ "Resistance calendar: Strike extended until Sep 29; relaxation from 2 pm on Sunday". Greater Kashmir. 21 September 2016. Retrieved 23 September 2016.
  123. ^ "Resistance leadership extends protest till Oct 6". Greater Kashmir. 28 September 2016. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
  124. ^ Gul, Khalid; Bashir, Abid (8 September 2016). "DAY 61: Kulgam man dies of cardiac arrest amid teargas shelling". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  125. ^ "Restrictions on assembly of people lifted in Kashmir". The Indian Express. Press Trust of India. 8 September 2016. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  126. ^ Wani, Ashraf (9 September 2016). "Curfew re-imposed in most parts of Srinagar, major towns of Kashmir". India Today. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  127. ^ "Curfew reimposed in many areas ahead of Friday congregations". Kashmir Reader. Press Trust of India. 9 September 2016. Archived from the original on 10 September 2016. Retrieved 9 September 2016.
  128. ^ "Curfew lifted in Kashmir". Business Standard. Press Trust of India. 10 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  129. ^ Nazir Masoodi (10 September 2016). "2 Killed in Fresh Clashes in Kashmir, Civilian Deaths Rise To 78". NDTV. Retrieved 10 September 2016.
  130. ^ "Curfew imposed in entire Valley on Eid, choppers and drones keeping vigil". The New Indian Express. Press Trust of India. 13 September 2016. Archived from the original on 14 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  131. ^ "Kashmir unrest: Valley under curfew on Eid; choppers and drones to keep vigil". Daily News & Analysis. 13 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  132. ^ "Two killed as clashes break out after Eid prayers in Kashmir". Deccan Chronicle. Press Trust of India. 13 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  133. ^ Mir Ehsan (13 September 2016). "Kashmir unrest: Two dead, 30 injured in clashes across Valley; strict curfew imposed". The Indian Express. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  134. ^ Masood, Bashaarat (18 September 2016). "Protests in Kashmir Valley after body of 11-year-old found with pellets". The Indian Express. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
  135. ^ "Barring Srinagar, curfew lifted across Kashmir". The Times of India. Press Trust of India. 20 September 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  136. ^ Wani, Fayaz (19 September 2016). "Girl dies of cardiac arrest during clashes in Valley". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 20 September 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  137. ^ "Markets Open in Kashmir After Separatists Relax Shutdown". NDTV. Press Trust of India. 25 September 2016. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  138. ^ "Curfew imposed in J&K's Kishtwar town". The Hindu. Press Trust of India. 25 September 2016. Retrieved 26 September 2016.
  139. ^ "Curfew lifted after four days in Kishtwar". Greater Kashmir. 29 September 2016. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
  140. ^ "Kashmir violence: Army begins operation 'Calm Down'". The Hindu. Press Trust of India. 14 September 2016. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
  141. ^ "Army quietly launches operation Calm Down in South Kashmir". India Today. 13 September 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
  142. ^ "Operation Calm Down: Kashmiris Get 'Jadoo Ki Jhappi' From the Army". The Quint. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
  143. ^ "Separatists Allow Full-Day Relaxation in Kashmir Shutdown For Two Days". NDTV. 16 November 2016. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
  144. ^ "Separatists scale down Kashmir shutdown, hint at calling off strike". The New Indian Express. 14 December 2016. Archived from the original on 2 January 2017. Retrieved 1 January 2017.
  145. ^ "Separatists in Kashmir hint at 'long-term struggle', to come up with annual protest program". The New Indian Express. 16 December 2016. Archived from the original on 2 January 2017. Retrieved 1 January 2017.
  146. ^ "Srinagar: Separatists call off strike on Friday due to Shivaratri". India Today. 20 February 2017. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
  147. ^ "Indian troops kill three suspected separatists in Kashmir". The Nation (Pakistan). Agence France-Presse. 24 January 2017. Retrieved 27 January 2017. The incident sparked months of anti-India unrest which left more than 90 civilians dead.
  148. ^ "Kashmir Is Paralyzed by an 'Adored' Band of Militants". The New York Times. 14 November 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2017. Seventy-six people have been killed in the violence, the police in Kashmir say, while local activists put the toll at closer to 100.
  149. ^ Fayaz Wani (6 September 2016). "Kashmir unrest: Two more die, death toll rises to 76". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 6 September 2016. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
  150. ^ Mohammad Abu Bakar (6 September 2016). "#Day60: Slain Topper's Funeral Evokes Fresh Emotions in Kashmir". Kashmir Life. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
  151. ^ "Kashmir newspaper banned for 'inciting violence'". Al Jazeera. 3 October 2016. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  152. ^ "The death of a militant sparks fury but little change". The Economist. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  153. ^ John, Stanly (10 July 2016). "Policeman killed by mob in Kashmir, three cops missing since yesterday". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on 10 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  154. ^ ul-Haq, Shuja (13 July 2016). "Kashmir unrest:Two missing cops traced, lost weapons". India Today. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  155. ^ "India's fallen heroes: The 18 soldiers who lost their lives in Uri attack". Hindustan Times. 19 September 2016. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  156. ^ "In Kashmir, Indian security forces use pellet guns that often blind protesters". The Washington Post. 12 July 2016.
  157. ^ "Metal Pellets: "Non-Lethal" Weapon Which Maims & Kills in Kashmir". The Quint. 13 July 2016.
  158. ^ Akmali, Mukeet (23 January 2017). "After 15000 injuries, Govt to train forces in pellet guns". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  159. ^ "Medical emergency in Kashmir: Centre to send eye surgeons to the valley". ibtimes.co.in. 13 July 2016.
  160. ^ "Kashmir clashes leave many kids injured: 5-yr-old suffers pellet injury, blames 'firecrackers'". The Indian Express. 13 July 2016.
  161. ^ "Kashmir unrest: Politicians meet J&K Governor on use of pellet guns on protestersv". The Indian Express. 16 July 2016.
  162. ^ "Probe use of lethal force in Kashmir: Rights group to India". Business Standard. Press Trust of India. 13 July 2016.
  163. ^ Lazarus, Neville (19 August 2016). "Kashmir: Indian Forces Fired A Million Pellets at Protesters". Sky News. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  164. ^ Muddasir Ali (15 July 2016). "'War-like situation', says AIIMS specialist on pellet injuries". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  165. ^ Sofi, Ahsan (22 July 2016). "Kashmir violence: Eight more injured with pellets". The Indian Express. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  166. ^ "Plight of Kashmiri youth suffering from pellet injuries tragic". The Indian Express. 30 August 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  167. ^ "An Epidemic of 'Dead Eyes' in Kashmir as India Uses Pellet Guns on Protesters". The New York Times. 28 August 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
  168. ^ Lateed, Samaan (29 July 2016). "Chennai surgeon comes to aid of pellet victims". The Tribune. India. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  169. ^ Barry, Ellen (28 August 2016). "An Epidemic of 'Dead Eyes' in Kashmir as India Uses Pellet Guns on Protesters". The New York Times. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  170. ^ Ahsan, Sofi (12 August 2016). "Kashmir unrest: Doctors protest against 'indiscriminate' use of pellet guns". The Indian Express. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
  171. ^ "Pellets leave 3,000 injured in Kashmir". The Hindu. 25 August 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  172. ^ "Burhan Wani killing: Amarnath Yatra suspended". The Hindu. 9 July 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  173. ^ "Mobile internet services snapped in Jammu". Greater Kashmir. 9 July 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  174. ^ Mehbooba govt. gags media, blocks cable TV, The Hindu, 16 July 2016.
  175. ^ Associated Press, India Stops Kashmir Newspapers From Printing Amid Unrest, The New York Times – Asia Pacific, 17 July 2016.
  176. ^ Kashmir violence: Indian authorities seize newspapers and shut down cable TV after killing of separatist leader, The Independent, 16 July 2016.
  177. ^ "In Kashmir, Printing Presses Raided, Newspapers Banned To Ensure 'Peace'". HuffPost. 17 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  178. ^ "No ban on newspapers in J&K: Mehbooba to Naidu". The Indian Express. 19 July 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  179. ^ "Newspaper ban didn't have Mehbooba Mufti's consent, claims advisor". The Economic Times. 18 July 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  180. ^ a b c Kashmir newspapers refuse to resume publication, want govt to own up to 'ban', Hindustan Times, 20 July 2016.
  181. ^ 'Unprecedented': Back on stands, newspapers in Kashmir question gag, Hindustan Times, 21 July 2016.
  182. ^ "Mobile internet services restored in Jammu after 17-day ban". The Indian Express. Press Trust of India. 26 July 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  183. ^ "Mobile communication partially restored in Kashmir". The Economic Times. Press Trust of India. 27 July 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  184. ^ "Internet services suspended in Jammu amid mounting tension in Chenab Valley". The Indian Express. News Express Service. 5 August 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  185. ^ Khajuria, Amit (6 August 2016). "Mobile Internet snapped, restored in Jammu region". The Tribune. India. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  186. ^ Saha, Abhishek (12 August 2016). "Kashmir: Mobile network blocked again amid fears of Friday clashes". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  187. ^ "Access Denied: No Internet in Kashmir After Broadband Snapped". NDTV. Press Trust of India. 13 August 2016. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  188. ^ Yaqoob, Mudasir (14 August 2016). "Govt shuts last window to Kashmir; snaps broadband internet". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 17 August 2016.
  189. ^ "Day 41: Curfew continues in Kashmir, broadband services restored". Greater Kashmir. 18 August 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2016.
  190. ^ "Mobile telephone services restored in Kashmir Valley". The Indian Express. Press Trust of India. 20 August 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  191. ^ Ashiq, Peerzada (20 August 2016). "Mobile services restored in Kashmir". The Hindu. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  192. ^ Yaqoob, Mudasir (13 September 2016). "Access Denied: JK Government snaps broadband internet, mobile service again". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  193. ^ Hussain, Aijaz (27 April 2017). "India bans 22 social media sites in Kashmir over alleged abuse videos". The Independent. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  194. ^ "Kashmir newspaper banned to prevent anti-India violence". Fox News. Associated Press. 4 October 2016. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
  195. ^ Hilal, Mir (5 October 2016). "Kashmir: By banning our newspaper, government is only looking for scapegoats". The Indian Express. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
  196. ^ "Kashmir newspaper banned for 'inciting violence'". Al Jazeera. 3 October 2016. Retrieved 25 January 2017. According to the court order, a portion of which was published on Kashmir Reader's website, the newspaper was banned because it contained "such material and content which tends to incite acts of violence and disturb public peace and tranquillity".
  197. ^ "Closure of Kashmir Newspaper A Setback To Free Speech". Amnesty International. 4 October 2016. Retrieved 25 January 2017. Authorities in Jammu and Kashmir must revoke an order to stop the printing and publication of Kashmir Reader, a Srinagar-based English daily, Amnesty International India said today.
  198. ^ "Kashmir Reader: Newspaper printing again after ban lifted". BBC News. 28 December 2016. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
  199. ^ "India: Kashmir police arrest activist Khurram Parvez". Al Jazeera. 16 September 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  200. ^ "India: Activist Blocked from UN Meeting, Detained". Human Rights Watch. 16 September 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  201. ^ Masood, Bashaarat (22 September 2016). "Day after court 'sets free' activist Khurram Parvez, J&K govt books him under PSA". The Indian Express. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  202. ^ "India: Kashmiri human rights activist re-arrested". Amnesty International. 21 September 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  203. ^ "Kashmir: Human rights activist Khurram Parvez released". Al Jazeera. 30 November 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  204. ^ "High Court orders release of prominent Kashmiri human rights activist". The Express Tribune. Reuters. 26 November 2016. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  205. ^ Bukhari, Fayaz (30 November 2016). "Released from jail, Kashmiri activist vows to fight for prisoner rights". Reuters. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  206. ^ "J&K violence: DIG South Kashmir, SSP Anantnag transferred". The Times of India. 23 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  207. ^ "Tengpora killing: Court directs registration of FIR against Dy SP". Greater Kashmir. 19 July 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  208. ^ Ehsan, Mir (28 July 2016). "Kashmir violence: Asked to file FIR against DSP, cops book dead youth". The Indian Express. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  209. ^ Ehsan, Mir (30 July 2016). "Kashmir: Court orders issuance of non-bailable warrant against SSP Srinagar for disobedience". The Indian Express. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  210. ^ "Srinagar SSP produced in court, gets bail". Business Standard. 1 August 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
  211. ^ "HC upholds ruling ordering FIR against murder accused DySP". Kashmir Reader. 4 August 2016. Archived from the original on 6 August 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
  212. ^ "Tengpora killing: SC stays contempt proceedings against Srinagar top cops". Hindustan Times. 9 August 2016. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  213. ^ "SC directs exhumation of Tengpora youth's body". Kashmir Monitor. 12 August 2016. Archived from the original on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.
  214. ^ Amit Anand Choudhary (26 September 2016). "Kashmir unrest: Fresh test shows pellets, not bullet, killed 22-year-old". The Times of India. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  215. ^ Rashid, Toufiq (20 August 2016). "CRPF man suspended for firing pellets at ambulance driver in Srinagar". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  216. ^ Masoodi, Nazir (19 August 2016). "Army Admits Kashmir Teacher Killed By Soldiers, Says 'Unacceptable, Unjustified'". NDTV. Retrieved 21 August 2016.
  217. ^ "Government orders social media ban in Kashmir". kashmirlife.net. 26 April 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
  218. ^ "Burhan Wani death: Home Minister Rajnath Singh appeals for peace in Kashmir". Daily News & Analysis. 9 July 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2016.
  219. ^ "Kashmir govt seeks separatists' help to restore normalcy". Greater Kashmir. 10 July 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
  220. ^ "Akther seeks separatists help; Geelani obliges, Mirwaiz ridicules". Early Times. 11 July 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
  221. ^ "Kashmir unrest:Mehbooba Mufti appeals for calm, asks parents to keep children away from stir". India Today. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  222. ^ "PM Modi Appeals for Calm in Kashmir, Assures Help to Mehbooba Govt". CNN-News18. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2016.
  223. ^ "Sonia Gandhi expresses 'anguish' over unrest in Kashmir, appeals for calm in Valley". The Indian Express. 31 July 2016. Retrieved 28 July 2016.
  224. ^ Fearing 'anti-national' tag, Congress takes tough line on Kashmir, Catch News, 11 July 2016.
  225. ^ "Kashmir unrest: Congress slams 'clueless' Mehbooba Mufti". The Indian Express. 31 July 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  226. ^ Kavita Krishnan, Why I think Burhan Wani's encounter was extrajudicial killing, Daily O, 11 July 2016.
  227. ^ "VK Singh urges Kashmiris to become part of India's 'epic story'". The Indian Express. 20 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  228. ^ "Rajnath blames Pakistan for bloodshed in Kashmir". The Hindu. 19 July 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  229. ^ "Kashmir unrest: CM Mehbooba Mufti chairs an all party-meeting". The Indian Express. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  230. ^ "Rajnath Singh to visit Kashmir for 2 days from tomorrow". The Times of India. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  231. ^ "On Mission Kashmir, Rajnath Singh meets political leaders". Hindustan Times. 24 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  232. ^ "Supreme Court promises all help to Kashmiris, seeks report". The Economic Times. 31 July 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  233. ^ Mohan, Archis (16 August 2016). "Govt to hold all-party meeting on Kashmir". Business Standard. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
  234. ^ "Narendra Modi, his ministers "exacerbated" Kashmir crisis: P Chidambaram". The Economic Times. Press Trust of India. 17 August 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  235. ^ "'Jammu And Kashmir Sliding into Total Chaos,' Says P Chidambaram, Targets PM". NDTV. Press Trust of India. 17 August 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  236. ^ "Opposition parties demand judicial probe into Kashmir killings". Kashmir Reader. 18 August 2016. Archived from the original on 18 August 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  237. ^ "Opposition parties from J&K to apprise President of Kashmir situation". Business Standard. Press Trust of India. 17 August 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  238. ^ "Kashmir atrocities defaming India globally: Farooq Abdullah". Greater Kashmir. 20 August 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2016. Indian forces have got emboldened and encouraged due to the presence of BJP in Jammu and Kashmir and are unleashing a reign of terror in Kashmir. The miseries inflicted upon innocent people of Kashmir by Indian forces have been offending the sentiments of the world community. India should keep it in mind that it can't suppress dissent through brute force," Farooq said, adding: "India is being criticized all over the world for using brute force on civilian population in Kashmir.
  239. ^ "Can't do it alone, separatists must help restore peace: GoC Hooda". Greater Kashmir. 20 August 2016. Archived from the original on 20 February 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2016. Admitting that situation in Kashmir is far from normal, the Army on Friday said it's high time "for separatists and everybody" to join hands for restoring normalcy "because one organization can't alone do it."
  240. ^ "Opposition leaders meet President, press for political solution in Kashmir". The Times of India. Press Trust of India. 20 August 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  241. ^ Kumar, Ashwini (20 August 2016). "Centre's failure to acknowledge the issue has worsened Kashmir crisis, says Omar". India Today. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  242. ^ "Kashmir oppn parties meet PM Modi, demand immediate ban on pellet guns". Hindustan Times. 22 August 2016. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
  243. ^ "Ban pellet guns in Kashmir, Omar Abdullah-led delegation asks PM Modi". The Indian Express. 22 August 2016. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
  244. ^ "PM concerned about Kashmir situation". The Hindu. 22 August 2016. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
  245. ^ "All-party delegation under PM, HM should visit Kashmir to mitigate unrest: JD(U)". The Indian Express. Asian News International. 21 August 2016. Retrieved 21 August 2016.
  246. ^ "No compromise with those indulging in violence in Kashmir, says Arun Jaitley". The Times of India. Press Trust of India. 22 August 2016. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
  247. ^ Sharma, Arvind (22 August 2016). "No compromise with Kashmir protesters, says Jaitley". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
  248. ^ Sandhu, Kamaljit (24 August 2016). "Kashmir unrest: Rajnath Singh to make second visit in a month to valley". India Today. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
  249. ^ "Rajnath Singh in Kashmir; youth dies in fresh clashes". The Times of India. 24 August 2016. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
  250. ^ a b Ehsan, Mir (24 August 2016). "Ban pellet guns, probe deaths, J&K Opposition tells Rajnath Singh". The Indian Express. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  251. ^ a b Ali, Muddasir (24 August 2016). "Home Minister meets mainstream politicians in Srinagar". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  252. ^ "Kashmir trade bodies refuse to meet Rajnath Singh". Greater Kashmir. 24 August 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  253. ^ Wani, Ashraf (24 August 2016). "Kashmir unrest: Home Minister Rajnath Singh, Jammu and Kashmir Governor NN Vohra review security situation". India Today. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  254. ^ Wani, Ashraf (25 August 2016). "Mehbooba Mufti Loses Cool in Press Meet Where Rajnath Singh Was Present". NDTV. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  255. ^ Ashiq, Peerzada (25 August 2016). "Rajnath promises alternative to pellet guns, says he is willing to talk to all". The Hindu. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  256. ^ "Hold talks with all stakeholders, Mehbooba tells Modi". The Hindu. Press Trust of India. 27 August 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
  257. ^ Rajeshwari, Ankita (28 August 2016). "Lives lost in Kashmir, of youth or jawans, is our own loss, says PM Modi". The Times of India. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
  258. ^ "Mann Ki Baat: Every life lost in Kashmir is a loss to our nation, says PM Narendra Modi". The Times of India. 28 August 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
  259. ^ "Talks with whosoever is ready to reject violence: Mehbooba". The Hindu. 28 August 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
  260. ^ "Rajnath Singh to head all party delegation to Kashmir". The New Indian Express. 29 August 2016. Archived from the original on 30 August 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2016.
  261. ^ "Manohar Parrikar Hits Out at Pakistan, Says 'Small Percentage' Holding Majority To Ransom in Kashmir". HuffPost. 30 August 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  262. ^ a b "All-party visit: J&K government keeps off Kashmir issue, separatists off talks". The Indian Express. 5 September 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  263. ^ "Unrests in Kashmir result of Centre's continued refusal: National Conference". The Indian Express. 4 September 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  264. ^ "All-party delegation to Kashmir: Omar says no follow-up, Mehbooba pitches for unconditional talks". The Hindu. Press Trust of India. 4 September 2016. Retrieved 5 September 2016.
  265. ^ Ali, Muddasir; Maqbool, Umer (6 September 2016). "Rajnath talks tough as all-party delegation concludes JK visit". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
  266. ^ "All-party delegation ends J&K visit without breakthrough". The Hindu. Press Trust of India. 6 September 2016. Retrieved 6 September 2016.
  267. ^ Gaurav C. Sawant (6 September 2016). "Muslim clerics slam Pakistan and separatists, to conduct Aman Yatra in Kashmir". India Today. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
  268. ^ "Talk to all stake holders in Kashmir, All Party Delegation urges Centre". Business Standard. Press Trust of India. 7 September 2016. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
  269. ^ "NC expresses grief, shock over continued killings in Kashmir". Greater Kashmir. 10 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  270. ^ "Opposition parties demand judicial probe into Kashmir killings". Kashmir Reader. 11 September 2016. Archived from the original on 11 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  271. ^ Sudhi Ranjan Sen (11 September 2016). "Crack Down on Instigators, Bring Peace: Rajnath Singh To Forces in Kashmir". NDTV. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  272. ^ Stone pelters on hire in Kashmir: India Today nails Valley's insidious villains, India Today, 29 March 2017.
  273. ^ "Pakistans ISI paid Kashmiri separatists Rs 800 crore to fuel unrest in Kashmir, says Intelligence Bureau report". India Today. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  274. ^ Dabas, Maninder (13 July 2016). "An Indian Army Major's Open Letter To Burhan Wani Raises Some Uncomfortable Questions!". The Times of India. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  275. ^ Arundhati Roy, Azadi, Outlook India, 25 July 2016.
  276. ^ "Save Kashmir from becoming Syria: Panun Kashmir to Centre". The Indian Express. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  277. ^ "Kashmiri seperatist [sic] leader SAS Geelani places 6 conditions for 'good beginning'". Deccan Chronicle. 17 July 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  278. ^ "Geelani Writes to World Leaders: Lists 6 CBM's". Kashmir Observer. 17 July 2016. Archived from the original on 11 October 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  279. ^ "'Join the separatists': Kashmir cop tells IAS officer after Facebook spat". Hindustan Times. 6 August 2016. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  280. ^ "Our fight is not for Kashmir, it's for Islam: Hizbul commander in new video". Hindustan Times. 16 March 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  281. ^ "'Throw stones at security forces for Islam': Burhan Wani's successor Zakir Musa urges protestors". India Today. 16 March 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017.
  282. ^ "Nawaz Sharif expresses shock over killing of Burhan Wani". The Indian Express. 11 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  283. ^ "Pakistan's view on Burhan Wani reflects its association with terrorism: Govt". The Indian Express. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  284. ^ "Pakistan Army chief Raheel Sharif condemns 'killings' in Kashmir". The Economic Times. 13 July 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  285. ^ "Sharif calls Burhan a martyr, sparks another India-Pak war of words". The Indian Express. 15 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  286. ^ "Pakistan declares Hizbul terrorist Burhan Wani a 'martyr', to observe July 19 as black day". The Times of India. 15 July 2016. Retrieved 17 July 2016.
  287. ^ Srivastava, Ritesh (19 July 2016). "Pakistan to observe Kashmir's 'Accession Day' today, 'Black Day' on July 20". Zee News. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  288. ^ "Hafiz Saeed leads Kashmir Caravan, vows to march towards J&K". Hindustan Times. 19 July 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  289. ^ "Pakistan observing 'black day' against Indian 'atrocities' in Kashmir". Hindustan Times. 20 July 2016. Retrieved 20 July 2016.
  290. ^ "Pakistan to ask UNHRC to send fact-finding team to Kashmir". The Indian Express. 22 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  291. ^ "Pakistan raises Kashmir issue with UN officials". The Indian Express. 21 July 2016. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  292. ^ "JuD medical team to apply for Indian visa to travel to Kashmir". The Indian Express. 25 July 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  293. ^ "JuD medical team applies for Indian visa to travel to Kashmir". India Today. 26 July 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  294. ^ "JuD Caravan Led By Hafiz Saeed's Son Stopped Near Line of Control". NDTV. 2 August 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  295. ^ "Pakistan parliament unanimously passes resolution on Kashmir". The Economic Times. 2 August 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  296. ^ "Kashmir witnessing 'new wave of freedom movement', says Pakistan PM Nawaz Sharif". The Indian Express. 3 August 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  297. ^ "Pakistan offers aid for injured Kashmiris". The Express Tribune. 7 August 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
  298. ^ "India rejects Pakistan offer of sending supplies to Kashmir". Greater Kashmir. 15 August 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
  299. ^ "UN veto powers, EU acknowledge importance of dialogue to address Kashmir dispute: Pakistan". Greater Kashmir. 26 August 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
  300. ^ "Pakistan highlights the Kashmir issue". Daily Times. 28 August 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
  301. ^ "Nawaz Sharif writes to UN chief on Kashmir for the second time in a month". The Indian Express. 1 September 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2016.
  302. ^ Mohsin, Mahboob (1 September 2016). "Nawaz Sharif picks up Kashmir atrocities with Ban Ki-moon: FO". Channel 24. Retrieved 2 September 2016.
  303. ^ "Pakistan PM's special envoy briefs international community in Geneva on Kashmir". The Indian Express. Press Trust of India. 7 September 2016. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
  304. ^ Yousaf, Kamran (7 September 2016). "PM's special envoy highlights held-Kashmir rights violations in Geneva". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
  305. ^ "Kashmir 'lifeline of Pakistan', solution not in 'raining bullets': General Raheel Sharif". The Indian Express. Press Trust of India. 7 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  306. ^ "Nawaz Sharif dedicates Eid-ul Adha to 'sacrifices' of Kashmiris". The Hindu. Press Trust of India. 13 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  307. ^ "Nawaz Sharif Dedicates Eid-ul-Azha to 'Sacrifices' of Kashmiris". News18. Press Trust of India. 13 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  308. ^ Rajghatta, Chidanand (22 September 2016). "At UN, Sharif talks of 'Intifada' in J&K, India says Pak 'in complete denial'". The Times of India. Retrieved 22 September 2016.
  309. ^ "Pak's Punjab Assembly condemns Sabzar's killing". Greater Kashmir. Press Trust of India. 30 May 2017. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
  310. ^ "United Nations chief Ban Ki-moon concerned over Kashmir situation". Hindustan Times. 11 July 2016.
  311. ^ "UN chief calls for 'maximum restraint' to curb Kashmir strife". The Tribune. India. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  312. ^ "UN chief offers mediation between India, Pakistan". Greater Kashmir. 14 July 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  313. ^ Singh, Akhilesh (16 August 2016). "No compromise on Kashmir, PoK is ours: PM Narendra Modi at all-party meet". The Economic Times. Retrieved 13 August 2016.
  314. ^ "India rejects UNHRC request to visit Kashmir to probe alleged human rights violations by forces". IB Times. 13 August 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
  315. ^ "UN Rights Boss Appeals to India, Pakistan for Kashmir Access". United States: ABC News. 17 August 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
  316. ^ "UN chief slams killings in India-held Kashmir, calls for India-Pak dialogue". Dawn. Pakistan. 19 August 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
  317. ^ "US concerned over violence in held Kashmir – World – Dunya News". dunyanews.tv. 14 February 2008.
  318. ^ "US concerned over violence in Kashmir". The News International.
  319. ^ "J&K violence a matter of grave concern: U.S." The Hindu. 16 July 2016.
  320. ^ a b Iqbal, Anwar; Haider, Masood (21 September 2016). "US expresses 'concern' over Kashmir violence". Dawn. Pakistan. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
  321. ^ "Secretary Kerry's Meeting With Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif". Archived from the original on 21 September 2016. Retrieved 24 September 2016.
  322. ^ "Kashmir unrest: EU calls for calm, urges India and Pak to involve Kashmiris in the dialogue". Daily News & Analysis. 29 July 2016.
  323. ^ "Abuses in Kashmir: OIC slams India". 15 July 2016.
  324. ^ "#KashmirKillings: OIC condemns civilian killings in Kashmir". Archived from the original on 16 August 2016. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
  325. ^ Abbas, Syed Sammer (20 August 2016). "Human rights violations in held Kashmir not internal Indian matter: OIC". Dawn. Pakistan. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  326. ^ "OIC Asks India to Cease Atrocities in Kashmir". News18. 20 September 2016. Retrieved 20 September 2016.
  327. ^ Bhattacherjee, Kallol (21 September 2016). "OIC meet on Kashmir finds support from Turkey, Azerbaijan". The Hindu. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
  328. ^ "China 'concerned' over deadly Kashmir clashes". Business Standard. 18 July 2016. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  329. ^ "Chinese leader assures Nawaz Sharif of support on Kashmir". The News. 21 September 2016. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
  330. ^ "China backs Pakistan's position on Kashmir: Chinese Premier Li Keqiang tells Sharif". The New Indian Express. 21 September 2016. Archived from the original on 22 September 2016. Retrieved 21 September 2016.
  331. ^ "Li Keqiang Meets with Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif of Pakistan". Fmprc.gov.cn. 22 September 2016. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
  332. ^ "Turkey backs Pakistan's stance of sending OIC team to Kashmir". The Economic Times. 2 August 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
  333. ^ "Pellet guns against peaceful protesters 'unbearable': Italy". The News. 19 September 2016. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  334. ^ Jabri, Parvez (19 September 2016). "Italian minister opposes use of lethal weapons against Kashmiri protesters". Business Recorder. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  335. ^ "Ministro Pinotti Pakistan". Difesa.it. 29 October 2014. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
  336. ^ "Pakistan, Belarus for resolving Kashmir in light of UN resolutions". The Financial Express. 5 October 2016. Retrieved 5 October 2016.
  337. ^ "Events | The Official Internet Portal of the President of the Republic of Belarus". President.gov.by. 4 October 2016. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
  338. ^ Nath, Damini (13 September 2016). "'Human rights crisis' in J&K worsening, says Amnesty". The Hindu. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  339. ^ "Amnesty blames India for excessive use of force in Kashmir". New Kerala. Indo-Asian News Service. 13 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  340. ^ "Amnesty warns against use of PAVA shells". Deccan Herald. 13 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  341. ^ "Amnesty International accused of sedition in India". Al Jazeera. 18 August 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2017.
  342. ^ "India: Investigate Use of Lethal Force in Kashmir". Human Rights Watch. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
  343. ^ Ganguly, Meenakshi (13 July 2016). "Key to Ending Kashmir's Cycles of Violence: Respecting Rights, Ensuring Justice". Human Rights Watch. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
  344. ^ "India: Cease Wrongful Detentions in Jammu and Kashmir". Human Rights Watch. 15 October 2016. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
  345. ^ "Court pulls up government for pellet guns, curfew in Kashmir – Firstpost". 23 July 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  346. ^ "India to consider alternatives to pellet gun use in Kashmir: minister". Reuters. 21 July 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  347. ^ "Why the Indian forces must stop using perilous pellet guns against Kashmiris now". 15 July 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016.
  348. ^ "Amnesty: Stop using pellet guns on Kashmiri protesters". Al Jazeera. 4 August 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
  349. ^ Bukhari, Fayaz (22 July 2016). "India to consider alternatives to pellet gun use in Kashmir – Rajnath Singh". Reuters. Archived from the original on 8 November 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  350. ^ "Avoid using pellet guns, Rajnath Singh tells security forces in Kashmir". The Indian Express. 24 July 2016. Retrieved 24 July 2016.
  351. ^ Kaur Sandhu, Kamaljit (25 July 2016). "CRPF Chief expresses regret over injuries due to pellet guns". Indian Today. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
  352. ^ "Kashmir unrest: Army backs CRPF's pellet guns, says its 'least lethal'". Hindustan Times. 26 July 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
  353. ^ "Use of pellet guns will further alienate people in Jammu and Kashmir: Ghulam Nabi Azad". The Indian Express. 26 July 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
  354. ^ "Use of pellet guns on young protesters unacceptable: Amarinder". Business Standard. 26 July 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
  355. ^ "CPI(M) Kashmir criticises DG CRPF for his comment on pellet guns". The Indian Express. 26 July 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
  356. ^ "Discontinue Pellet Guns, Says Jammu and Kashmir High Court". NDTV. 24 July 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  357. ^ "High Court Seeks Centre's Report on Use of Pellet Guns in Jammu And Kashmir". NDTV. 26 July 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2016.
  358. ^ "J&K HC seeks reply on use of pellet guns". The Hindu. 3 August 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
  359. ^ Sharma, Arun (13 August 2016). "Kashmir unrest: Pellet guns used only in extreme situations, says J&K deputy CM". The Indian Express. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
  360. ^ Singh, Rahul (15 August 2016). "Army backs pepper shots, chilli grenades over pellet guns in Kashmir". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
  361. ^ "More fatalities if pellet guns are banned, CRPF tells Jammu and Kashmir high court". The Times of India. Press Trust of India. 19 August 2016. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  362. ^ Raina, Anil (19 August 2016). "Pellet gun ban will lead to more deaths: CRPF". Ahmedabad Mirror. Retrieved 20 August 2016.
  363. ^ "Kashmir: No blanket ban on pellet guns, but will be used in 'rarest of rare' cases". The Indian Express. Press Trust of India. 29 August 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
  364. ^ "Rajnath Singh gives nod for use of PAVA shells for mob control". The Economic Times. Press Trust of India. 3 September 2016. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
  365. ^ "Kashmir: Rajnath Singh approves use of chilli-based shells for crowd control". The Indian Express. 3 September 2016. Retrieved 4 September 2016.
  366. ^ D.A. Rashid (7 September 2016). "In High Court, Govt justifies use of pellet guns, calls it 'modern method' of crowd control". Greater Kashmir. Retrieved 7 September 2016.
  367. ^ "Using pellets in Kashmir is sensible: V K Singh". Business Standard. Indo Asian News Service. 13 September 2016. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  368. ^ "J&K High Court refuses to ban pellet guns, cites mob violence in Valley". The Economic Times. Press Trust of India. 21 September 2016. Retrieved 22 September 2016.
  369. ^ Sandhu, Kamaljit Kaur (27 February 2017). "Kashmir: Pellet guns with deflectors, CRPF's new jugaad for stone-pelters". India Today. Retrieved 23 July 2022.
edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2016–2017_Kashmir_unrest&oldid=1249812798"