Lisbon , the capital of Portugal, overlooking the Tagus river
Flag of Portugal
Location of Portugal in Europe
Portugal , officially the Portuguese Republic , is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe . Featuring the westernmost point in continental Europe , Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it shares the longest uninterrupted border in the European Union ; to the south and the west is the North Atlantic Ocean ; and to the west and southwest lie the Macaronesian archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira , which are the two autonomous regions of Portugal . Lisbon is the capital and largest city , followed by Porto , which is the only other metropolitan area .
The western Iberian Peninsula has been continuously inhabited since prehistoric times , with the earliest signs of settlement dating to 5500 BC. Celtic and Iberian peoples arrived in the first millennium BC. The region came under Roman control in the second century BC. A succession of Germanic peoples and the Alans ruled from the fifth to eighth centuries AD. Muslims invaded mainland Portugal in the eighth century, but were gradually expelled by the Christian Reconquista , culminating with the capture of the Algarve between 1238 and 1249. Modern Portugal began taking shape during this period, initially as a county of the Christian Kingdom of León in 868, and formally as a sovereign kingdom with the Manifestis Probatum in 1179.
As one of the earliest participants in the Age of Discovery , Portugal made several seminal advancements in nautical science . The Portuguese subsequently were among the first Europeans to explore and discover new territories and sea routes, establishing a maritime empire of settlements, colonies, and trading posts that extended mostly along the South Atlantic and Indian Ocean coasts. A dynastic crisis in the early 1580s resulted in the Iberian Union (1580–1640), which unified Portugal under Spanish rule, marking its gradual decline as a global power. Portuguese sovereignty was regained in 1640 and was followed by a costly and protracted war lasting until 1688, while the 1755 Lisbon earthquake destroyed the city and further damaged the empire's economy. (Full article... )
The Portuguese Renaissance was the cultural and artistic movement in Portugal during the 15th and 16th centuries. Though the movement coincided with the Spanish and Italian Renaissances, the Portuguese Renaissance was largely separate from other European Renaissances and instead was extremely important in opening Europe to the unknown and bringing a more worldly view to those European Renaissances, as at the time the Portuguese Empire spanned the globe.
As the pioneer of the Age of Discoveries , Portugal flourished in the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries, with voyages to India, the Orient, the Americas, and Africa. This immense trade network would create an extremely wealthy Portuguese nobility and monarchy, that would become patrons for an immense flourishing of culture, arts, and technology in Portugal and all over the world. (Full article... )
This is a Featured article , which represents some of the best content on English Wikipedia.
The Palace of Queluz. The "Ceremonial Façade" of the corps de logis designed by Mateus Vicente de Oliveira .
The Palace of Queluz (Portuguese : Palácio de Queluz , Portuguese pronunciation: [kɛˈluʃ] ) is an 18th-century palace located at Queluz , a city of the Sintra Municipality , in the Lisbon District , on the Portuguese Riviera . One of the last great Rococo buildings to be designed in Europe, the palace was conceived as a summer retreat for King Joseph I 's brother, Peter of Braganza , later to become husband and king jure uxoris (as King Peter III) to his own niece, Queen Maria I . It eventually served as a discreet place of incarceration for Maria I, when she became afflicted by severe mental illness in the years following Peter III's death in 1786. Following the destruction of the Palace of Ajuda by fire in 1794, Queluz Palace became the official residence of the Portuguese Prince Regent John , and his family, and remained so until the royal family fled to the Portuguese colony of Brazil following the French invasion of Portugal (1807) .
Work on the palace began in 1747 under Portuguese architect Mateus Vicente de Oliveira . Despite being far smaller, the palace is often referred to as the "Portuguese Versailles ." From 1826, the palace slowly fell from favour with the Portuguese sovereigns. In 1908, it became the property of the state. Following a serious fire in 1934, which gutted one-third of the interior, the palace was extensively restored, and today is open to the public as a major tourist attraction. (Full article... )
The following are images from various Portugal-related articles on Wikipedia.
Image 1 Portuguese discoveries and explorations: first arrival places and dates; main Portuguese
spice trade routes in the
Indian Ocean (blue); territories of the
Portuguese Empire under
King John III rule (1521–1557) (green). The
disputed discovery of Australia is not shown. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 2 John IV of Portugal (from
History of Portugal )
Image 3 The Roman province of Hispania as occupied by the barbarian peoples c. 409–429 (from
History of Portugal )
Image 4 "
Festa da Coca " during the
Corpus Christi celebration, in
Monção , Portugal (from
Culture of Portugal )
Image 5 The frontispiece of the 1826 Portuguese Constitution featuring King-Emperor
Pedro IV and his daughter Queen
Maria II (from
History of Portugal )
Image 6 The Roman Provinces
Lusitania and
Gallaecia , after the reorganization of
Diocletian AD 298 (from
History of Portugal )
Image 7 Caliphate disintegrated into small
Taifas kingdoms in 1031. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 8 Gomes da Costa and his troops march victorious into Lisbon on 6 June 1926. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 9 The main language areas in Iberia, c. 300 BC. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 10 Portuguese colonies in Africa by the time of the Colonial War. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 11 Caretos in the carnival of Podence, Portugal (from
Culture of Portugal )
Image 13 Portuguese rejoice during the 1975 Carnation Revolution. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 14 Rooster of Barcelos , the iconic Portuguese souvenir (from
Culture of Portugal )
Image 15 Typical Portuguese filigree heart shaped pendant, an iconic item in Portuguese fashion and design. (from
Culture of Portugal )
Image 19 This 1755 copper engraving shows the ruins of
Lisbon in flames and a
tsunami overwhelming the ships in the harbor. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 20 A bride and her groom in the carnival of Lazarim, Portugal (from
Culture of Portugal )
Image 21 Vasco da Gama landing in
Kerala, India (from
History of Portugal )
Image 22 The arrival of the Portuguese in Japan, the first Europeans to reach it, initiating the
Nanban ("southern barbarian") period of active commercial and cultural exchange between Japan and the West. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 23 Monarchist counter-revolutionary soldiers holding the
flag of the monarchy after the capture of
Porto in 1919. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 24 Visigothic kingdom in Iberia from 625 to 711 (from
History of Portugal )
Image 27 "Levantamento do mastro" in Fonte Arcada, Portugal (from
Culture of Portugal )
Image 28 Carnival parade in
Loulé ,
Algarve region. (from
Culture of Portugal )
Image 29 Mértola 's
former mosque was transformed into a church in 1238. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 30 Maios celebration in Madeira island
[1] (from
Culture of Portugal )
Image 34 Most of Portugal and Spain as
Caliphate of Córdoba circa 929 to 1031. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 36 Megalithic spirals,
cromlech near
Évora (from
History of Portugal )
Image 37 Example of Castræ round houses,
Citânia de Briteiros (from
History of Portugal )
Image 38 Natural cork bags. (from
Culture of Portugal )
Image 40 Gil Vicente , 16th-century Portuguese
playwright (from
Culture of Portugal )
Image 41 Hispania c. 560:
Suebi territory with its capital in
Braga (blue);
Visigothic territory with its capital in
Toledo (olive green);
Byzantine Empire territory (orange) (from
History of Portugal )
Image 42 Aroeira 3 skull of 400,000 year old
Homo heidelbergensis .
The oldest trace of human history in Portugal. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 44 Map of Spain and Portugal showing the conquest of Hispania from 220 B.C. to 19 B.C. and provincial borders. It is based on other maps; the territorial advances and provincial borders are illustrative. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 45 Flute player of Podence (from
Culture of Portugal )
Image 46 Map of Brazil issued by
Portuguese explorers in 1519 (from
History of Portugal )
Image 47 The neighborhood of
Parque das Nações , in Lisbon, where was held the
1998 World Exposition , is a symbol of the economic modernization and development of Portugal in the late 20th century. (from
History of Portugal )
Image 48 Monument of Pelagius at Covadonga where he won the
Battle of Covadonga and initiated the Christian
Reconquista of
Iberia from the Islamic
Moors . (from
History of Portugal )
Image 49 Dolmen of Cerqueira,
Sever do Vouga (from
History of Portugal )
This is a Good article , an article that meets a core set of high editorial standards.
Lopes (right) speaking with a Spaniard (engraving by Esaias van Hulsen )
Roderigo Lopes (c. 1517 – 7 June 1594) was a Portuguese physician who served as a physician-in-chief to Queen Elizabeth I of England from 1581 until his death by execution, having been found guilty of plotting to poison her. A Portuguese converso or New Christian of Jewish ancestry, he is the only royal doctor in English history to have been executed, and may have inspired the character of Shylock in Shakespeare 's The Merchant of Venice , which was written within four years of his death.
The son of a Portuguese royal physician of Jewish descent, Lopes was raised a Catholic and educated at the University of Coimbra . Amid the Portuguese Inquisition he was accused of secretly practising Judaism , and compelled to leave the country. He settled in London in 1559, joined the Church of England and became house physician at St Bartholomew's Hospital . Gaining a reputation as a careful and skilled physician, he acquired several powerful clients, including the Earl of Leicester and Sir Francis Walsingham , and eventually the Queen of England herself. (Full article... )
Cristóvão de Mendonça (Mourão , 1475 – Ormus , 1532) was a Portuguese noble and explorer who was active in South East Asia in the 16th century. (Full article... )
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Alcobaça October 2021-1
Amalia Rodrigues, Bestanddeelnr 922-1813 (cropped)
Anémona de mar común (Anemonia viridis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 07
Anémona incrustante amarilla (Parazoanthus axinellae), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2022-07-20, DD 49
Argiope July 2012-3
Azulejos Parque Eduardo VII-2
Batalha September 2021-2
Brazil 16thc map
Campilhas March 2015-1a
Carmen Miranda in That Night in Rio (1941)
CastleSaintGeorge
Dragonfly Porto Covo August 2021-4
Erizo de mar violáceo (Sphaerechinus granularis), Madeira, Portugal, 2019-05-31, DD 40
Espirógrafo (Bispira volutacornis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 43
Espirógrafo (Sabella spallanzanii), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 70
Estrella roja del Mediterráneo (Echinaster sepositus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-31, DD 79
Faneca (Trisopterus luscus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2022-07-29, DD 43
Gusano de fuego (Hermodice carunculata), Madeira, Portugal, 2019-05-31, DD 45
Iberian Peninsula antique map
Iglesia de San Ildefonso, Oporto, Portugal, 2012-05-09, DD 01
Lagoa do Capitão com montanha do pico
Lang's short tail blue (Leptotes pirithous) male underside
LuzLissabon
Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (Web Summit)
Maria I, Queen of Portugal - Giuseppe Troni, atribuído (Turim, 1739-Lisboa, 1810) - Google Cultural Institute
Maria Isabel of Portugal in front of the Prado in 1829 by Bernardo López y piquer
Moma amarilla (Tripterygion delaisi), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2022-07-20, DD 29
Moma amarilla (Tripterygion delaisi), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2022-07-29, DD 32
Nicolaes Visscher - Pharnambuci (Pernambuco, Brazil)
POR-4-Imperial Treasury-2400 Reis (1798-99)
Pez ballesta (Balistes capriscus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 24
Philip IV of Spain - Velázquez 1644
Porto Covo Outubro 2014-3
Porto Covo pano April 2009-4
Porto3flat-cc-contr-oliv1002 edit2
Portugal 1729 8 Escudos
Puente Don Luis I, Oporto, Portugal, 2012-05-09, DD 13
Salmonete de roca (Mullus surmuletus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 59
Sepia común (Sepia officinalis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 62
Sintra Portugal Palácio da Pena-01
Sunset 2007-1
Torre Belém April 2009-4a
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Alcobaça October 2021-1
Anémona de mar común (Anemonia viridis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 07
Argiope July 2012-3
Azulejos Parque Eduardo VII-2
Batalha September 2021-2
Campilhas March 2015-1a
Carmen Miranda in That Night in Rio (1941)
CastleSaintGeorge
Dragonfly Porto Covo August 2021-4
Erizo de mar violáceo (Sphaerechinus granularis), Madeira, Portugal, 2019-05-31, DD 40
Espirógrafo (Bispira volutacornis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 43
Espirógrafo (Sabella spallanzanii), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 70
Estrella roja del Mediterráneo (Echinaster sepositus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-31, DD 79
Gusano de fuego (Hermodice carunculata), Madeira, Portugal, 2019-05-31, DD 45
Iberian Peninsula antique map
Iglesia de San Ildefonso, Oporto, Portugal, 2012-05-09, DD 01
Lagoa do Capitão com montanha do pico
Lang's short tail blue (Leptotes pirithous) male underside
LuzLissabon
Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (Web Summit)
Maria I, Queen of Portugal - Giuseppe Troni, atribuído (Turim, 1739-Lisboa, 1810) - Google Cultural Institute
Maria Isabel of Portugal in front of the Prado in 1829 by Bernardo López y piquer
POR-4-Imperial Treasury-2400 Reis (1798-99)
Pez ballesta (Balistes capriscus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-23, DD 24
Philip IV of Spain - Velázquez 1644
Porto Covo pano April 2009-4
Porto3flat-cc-contr-oliv1002 edit2
Portugal 1729 8 Escudos
Puente Don Luis I, Oporto, Portugal, 2012-05-09, DD 13
Salmonete de roca (Mullus surmuletus), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 59
Sepia común (Sepia officinalis), Parque natural de la Arrábida, Portugal, 2020-07-21, DD 62
Sintra Portugal Palácio da Pena-01
Sunset 2007-1
Torre Belém April 2009-4a
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Baron of Koenigswarter (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by GrandDukeMarcelo (talk · contribs · new pages (32) ) started on 2025-06-15, score: 30
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Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports (Portugal) (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by Xicomaia (talk · contribs · new pages (3) ) started on 2025-06-14, score: 90
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Baron of Alverca (edit | talk | history | links | watch | logs | tools ) by GrandDukeMarcelo (talk · contribs · new pages (32) ) started on 2025-06-13, score: 40
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