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User:Don Lope/Sandbox French Open

< User:Don Lope
A man with long, brown hair, in a green sleeveless shirt and a green headband places a tennis ball on his racket, which he holds with his left hand. In the background is a red clay court
Spaniard Rafael Nadal took four straight titles from 2005 to 2008, collecting a 31–1 record in the event.[1]

The French Open,[a] known originally as the Internationaux de France[2] is an annual tennis tournament created in 1891 and played on outdoor red clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France.[3] The men's singles was the first event contested in 1891.[4] The French Open is played during two weeks in late May, early June, and has been chronologically the second of the four Grand Slam tournaments of the tennis season since 1987. The event was not held from 1915 to 1919 because of World War I, and officially from 1940 to 1945 because of World War II.[5]

The Racing Club de France and and the Stade Français of Paris alternatively held the event, until competition was moved in 1928 to the newly-built Stade Roland Garros. Until 1924, the tournament was reserved to French tennis clubs members, the first edition opened to international players taking place in 1925.[6] From 1941 to 1945, the Vichy regime requisitioned the site and held a Tournoi de France, for French players only, won twice by Bernard Destremau and thrice by Yvon Petra. Those editions are counted out of the tournament's history.[7][8]

The men's singles' rules have undergone several changes since the first edition. The event has always been contested in a knockout format. Records show matches were played at the best-of-three sets format until 1902 or 1903, and at the best-of-five afterwards, except from 1973 to 1975, when early rounds were played at the best-of-three. The lingering death best-of-twelve points tie-break was introduced in 1973 for the first four sets.[9]

The champion receives a miniature replica of the silver-gilt Coupe des Mousquetaires, named after the The Four Musketeers of French tennis; Jean Borotra, Jacques Brugnon, Henri Cochet and René Lacoste.[10] In 2009, the winner received prize money of €1,060,000.[11]

Max Decugis (winner, 1903–1904, 1907–1909, 1912–1914) holds the all-time record for most titles in the men's singles with eight victories, however all his wins came when the tournament was reserved to French tennis club members. With the tournament an international competition, the record for most titles stands at six, and is held by Björn Borg (1974–1975, 1978–1981). The all-time record for most consecutive titles, at four, is co-held by Paul Aymé (1897–1900, all titles within the club members only format), Björn Borg (1978–1981) and Rafael Nadal (2005–2008).[5][9]

Champions

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Maurice Germot won three of the six finals he reached at the event.
 
André Gobert won in 1911 and 1920.
 
Musketeer Henri Cochet took five titles in Paris.
 
René Lacoste won thrice at Roland-Garros.
 
Manuel Santana was the first Spaniard to win the event in 1961 and 1964.
A man dressed in white, with shorts and a polo shirt, with a wooden racket in his left hand, bends his knees in front of a tennis net, on a grass court
Grand Slam winner Rod Laver titled twice in Paris.
 
Mats Wilander is a three-time French Open champion.
 
Gustavo 'Guga' Kuerten won in 1997, 2000 and 2001.
Regular competition
Clubs members only event *
No competition •
Year[b] Country Champion Country Runner-up Score in the final
1891   GBR H. Briggs *   FRA P. Baigneres 6–3, 6–2
1892   FRA Jean Schopfer *   GBR Fassitt 6–2, 1–6, 6–2
1893   FRA Laurent Riboulet *   FRA Jean Schopfer 6–3, 6–3
1894   FRA André Vacherot *   FRA Gérard Brosselin 1–6, 6–3, 6–3
1895   FRA André Vacherot *   FRA Laurent Riboulet 9–7, 6–2
1896   FRA André Vacherot *   FRA Gérard Brosselin 6–1, 7–5
1897   FRA Paul Aymé *   GBR Francky Wardan 4–6, 6–4, 6–2
1898   FRA Paul Aymé *   FRA Paul Lebreton —
1899   FRA Paul Aymé *   FRA Paul Lebreton —
1900   FRA Paul Aymé *   FRA André Prévost —
1901   FRA André Vacherot *   FRA Paul Lebreton —
1902   FRA Michel Vacherot *   FRA Max Decugis 6–4, 6–2
1903   FRA Max Decugis *   FRA André Vacherot —
1904   FRA Max Decugis *   FRA André Vacherot 6–1, 9–7, 6–8, 6–1
1905   FRA Maurice Germot *   FRA André Vacherot —
1906   FRA Maurice Germot *   FRA Max Decugis —
1907   FRA Max Decugis *   FRA Robert Wallet —
1908   FRA Max Decugis *   FRA Maurice Germot —
1909   FRA Max Decugis *   FRA Maurice Germot —
1910   FRA Maurice Germot *   FRA François Blanchy —
1911   FRA André Gobert *   FRA Maurice Germot —
1912   FRA Max Decugis *   FRA André Gobert —
1913   FRA Max Decugis *   FRA Georges Gault —
1914   FRA Max Decugis *   FRA Jean Samazeuilh 3–6, 6–1, 6–4, 6–4
1915 — None •[c] — — —
1916 — None • — — —
1917 — None • — — —
1918 — None • — — —
1919 — None • — — —
1920   FRA André Gobert *   FRA Max Decugis 6–3, 3–6, 1–6, 6–2, 6–3
1921   FRA Jean Samazeuilh *   FRA André Gobert 6–3, 6–3, 2–6, 7–5
1922   FRA Henri Cochet *   FRA Jean Samazeuilh 8–6, 6–3, 7–5
1923   FRA François Blanchy *   FRA Max Decugis 1–6, 6–2, 6–0, 6–2
1924   FRA Jean Borotra *   FRA René Lacoste 7–5, 6–4, 0–6, 5–7, 6–2
1925   FRA René Lacoste   FRA Jean Borotra 7–5, 6–1, 6–4
1926   FRA Henri Cochet   FRA René Lacoste 6–2, 6–4, 6–3
1927   FRA René Lacoste   USA Bill Tilden 6–4, 4–6, 5–7, 6–3, 11–9
1928   FRA Henri Cochet   FRA René Lacoste 5–7, 6–3, 6–1, 6–3
1929   FRA René Lacoste   FRA Jean Borotra 6–3, 2–6, 6–0, 2–6, 8–6
1930   FRA Henri Cochet   USA Bill Tilden 3–6, 8–6, 6–3, 6–1
1931   FRA Jean Borotra   USA Christian Boussus 2–6, 6–4, 7–5, 6–4
1932   FRA Henri Cochet   ITA Giorgio de Stefani 6–0, 6–4, 4–6, 6–3
1933   AUS Jack Crawford   FRA Henri Cochet 8–6, 6–1, 6–3
1934   GER Gottfried von Cramm   FRA Jack Crawford 6–4, 7–9, 3–6, 7–5, 6–3
1935   GBR Fred Perry   GER Gottfried von Cramm 6–3, 3–6, 6–1, 6–3
1936   GER Gottfried von Cramm   GBR Fred Perry 6–0, 2–6, 6–2, 2–6, 6–0
1937   GER Henner Henkel   GBR Henry Austin 6–1, 6–4, 6–3
1938   USA Don Budge   TCH Roderich Menzel 6–3, 6–2, 6–4
1939   USA Don McNeill   USA Bobby Riggs 7–5, 6–0, 6–3
1940 — None •[d] — — —
1941 — None • — — —
1942 — None • — — —
1943 — None • — — —
1944 — None • — — —
1945 — None • — — —
1946   FRA Marcel Bernard   TCH Jaroslav Drobný 3–6, 2–6, 6–1, 6–4, 6–3
1947   HUN József Asbóth   RSA Eric Sturgess 8–6, 7–5, 6–4
1948   USA Frank Parker   TCH Jaroslav Drobný 6–4, 7–5, 5–7, 8–6
1949   USA Frank Parker   USA Budge Patty 6–3, 1–6, 6–1, 6–4
1950   USA Budge Patty   EGY Jaroslav Drobný 6–1, 6–2, 3–6, 5–7, 7–5
1951   EGY Jaroslav Drobný   RSA Eric Sturgess 6–3, 6–3, 6–3
1952   EGY Jaroslav Drobný   AUS Frank Sedgman 6–2, 6–0, 3–6, 6–4
1953   AUS Ken Rosewall   USA Vic Seixas 6–3, 6–4, 1–6, 6–2
1954   USA Tony Trabert   USA Art Larsen 6–4, 7–5, 6–1
1955   USA Tony Trabert   SWE Sven Davidson 2–6, 6–1, 6–4, 6–2
1956   AUS Lew Hoad   SWE Sven Davidson 6–4, 8–6, 6–3
1957   SWE Sven Davidson   USA Herbert Flam 6–3, 6–4, 6–4
1958   AUS Mervyn Rose   CHI Luis Ayala 6–3, 6–4, 6–4
1959   ITA Nicola Pietrangeli   RSA Ian Vermaak 3–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–1
1960   ITA Nicola Pietrangeli   CHI Luis Ayala 3–6, 6–3, 6–4, 4–6, 6–3
1961   ESP Manuel Santana   ITA Nicola Pietrangeli 4–6, 6–1, 3–6, 6–0, 6–2
1962   AUS Rod Laver   AUS Roy Emerson 3–6, 2–6, 6–3, 9–7, 6–2
1963   AUS Roy Emerson   FRA Pierre Darmon 3–6, 6–1, 6–4, 6–4
1964   ESP Manuel Santana   ITA Nicola Pietrangeli 6–3, 6–1, 4–6, 7–5
1965   AUS Fred Stolle   AUS Tony Roche 3–6, 6–0, 6–2, 6–3
1966   AUS Tony Roche   HUN István Gulyás 6–1, 6–4, 7–5
1967   AUS Roy Emerson   AUS Tony Roche 6–1, 6–4, 2–6, 6–2
1968   AUS Ken Rosewall[e]   AUS Rod Laver 6–3, 6–1, 2–6, 6–2
1969   AUS Rod Laver   AUS Ken Rosewall 6–4, 6–3, 6–4
1970   TCH Jan Kodeš   YUG Željko Franulović 6–2, 6–4, 6–0
1971   TCH Jan Kodeš   ROU Ilie Năstase 8–6, 6–2, 2–6, 7–5
1972   ESP Andrés Gimeno   FRA Patrick Proisy 4–6, 6–3, 6–1, 6–1
1973   ROU Ilie Năstase   YUG Nikola Pilić 6–3, 6–3, 6–0
1974   SWE Björn Borg   ESP Manuel Orantes 2–6, 6–7(1–7), 6–0, 6–1, 6–1
1975   SWE Björn Borg   ARG Guillermo Vilas 6–2, 6–3, 6–4
1976   ITA Adriano Panatta   USA Harold Solomon 6–1, 6–4, 4–6, 7–6(7–3)
1977   ARG Guillermo Vilas   USA Brian Gottfried 6–0, 6–3, 6–0
1978   SWE Björn Borg   ARG Guillermo Vilas 6–1, 6–1, 6–3
1979   SWE Björn Borg   PAR Víctor Pecci 6–3, 6–1, 6–7(6–8), 6–4
1980   SWE Björn Borg   USA Vitas Gerulaitis 6–4, 6–1, 6–2
1981   SWE Björn Borg   TCH Ivan Lendl 6–1, 4–6, 6–2, 3–6, 6–1
1982   SWE Mats Wilander   ARG Guillermo Vilas 1–6, 7–6(8–6), 6–0, 6–4
1983   FRA Yannick Noah   SWE Mats Wilander 6–2, 7–5, 7–6(7–3)
1984   TCH Ivan Lendl   USA John McEnroe 3–6, 2–6, 6–4, 7–5, 7–5
1985   SWE Mats Wilander   TCH Ivan Lendl 3–6, 6–4, 6–2, 6–2
1986   TCH Ivan Lendl   SWE Mikael Pernfors 6–3, 6–2, 6–4
1987   TCH Ivan Lendl   SWE Mats Wilander 7–5, 6–2, 3–6, 7–6(7–3)
1988   SWE Mats Wilander   FRA Henri Leconte 7–5, 6–2, 6–1
1989   USA Michael Chang   SWE Stefan Edberg 6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2
1990   ECU Andrés Gómez   USA Andre Agassi 6–3, 2–6, 6–4, 6–4
1991   USA Jim Courier   USA Andre Agassi 3–6, 6–4, 2–6, 6–1, 6–4
1992   USA Jim Courier   TCH Petr Korda 7–5, 6–2, 6–1
1993   ESP Sergi Bruguera   USA Jim Courier 6–4, 2–6, 6–2, 3–6, 6–3
1994   ESP Sergi Bruguera   ESP Alberto Berasategui 6–3, 7–5, 2–6, 6–1
1995   AUT Thomas Muster   USA Michael Chang 7–5, 6–2, 6–4
1996   RUS Yevgeny Kafelnikov   GER Michael Stich 7–6(7–4), 7–5, 7–6(7–4)
1997   BRA Gustavo Kuerten   ESP Sergi Bruguera 6–3, 6–4, 6–2
1998   ESP Carlos Moyà   ESP Àlex Corretja 6–3, 7–5, 6–3
1999   USA Andre Agassi   UKR Andrei Medvedev 1–6, 2–6, 6–4, 6–3, 6–4
2000   BRA Gustavo Kuerten   SWE Magnus Norman 6–2, 6–3, 2–6, 7–6(7–6)
2001   BRA Gustavo Kuerten   ESP Àlex Corretja 6–7(3–7), 7–5, 6–2, 6–0
2002   ESP Albert Costa   ESP Juan Carlos Ferrero 6–1, 6–0, 4–6, 6–3
2003   ESP Juan Carlos Ferrero   NED Martin Verkerk 6–1, 6–3, 6–2
2004   ARG Gastón Gaudio   ARG Guillermo Coria 0–6, 3–6, 6–4, 6–1, 8–6
2005   ESP Rafael Nadal   ARG Mariano Puerta 6–7(6–8), 6–3, 6–1, 7–5
2006   ESP Rafael Nadal    SUI Roger Federer 1–6, 6–1, 6–4, 7–6(7–4)
2007   ESP Rafael Nadal    SUI Roger Federer 6–3, 4–6, 6–3, 6–4
2008   ESP Rafael Nadal    SUI Roger Federer 6–1, 6–3, 6–0
2009    SUI Roger Federer   SWE Robin Söderling 6–1, 7–6(7–1), 6–4

Statistical information

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The Court Philippe Chatrier has held all finals since 1928.[4]
 
A new central court with a retractable roof is set to be completed for 2013 or 2014.[12]
 
The 2006 title match was the first Grand Slam final in the Federer–Nadal rivalry.[13]
 
Rafael Nadal holding the Coupe des Mousquetaires after winning the 2006 final.
 
Roger Federer completed a career Grand Slam at the 2009 French Open.[14]

Multiple champions

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Clubs members only event
Active player +
Player Amateur Era Open Era All-time Years
  Max Decugis (FRA) 8 0 8 1903, 1904, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1912, 1913, 1914
  Björn Borg (SWE) 0 6 6 1974, 1975, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1981
  Henri Cochet (FRA) 5 0 5 1922, 1926, 1928, 1930, 1932
  Paul Aymé (FRA) 4 0 4 1897, 1898, 1899, 1900
  Rafael Nadal (ESP) + 0 4 4 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008
  André Vacherot (FRA) 4 0 4 1894, 1895, 1896, 1901
  Maurice Germot (FRA) 3 0 3 1905, 1906, 1910
  Gustavo Kuerten (BRA) 0 3 3 1997, 2000, 2001
  René Lacoste (FRA) 3 0 3 1925, 1927, 1929
  Ivan Lendl (TCH) 0 3 3 1984, 1986, 1987
  Mats Wilander (SWE) 0 3 3 1982, 1985, 1988
  Jean Borotra (FRA) 2 0 2 1924, 1931
  Sergi Bruguera (ESP) 0 2 2 1993, 1994
  Jim Courier (USA) 0 2 2 1991, 1992
  Gottfried von Cramm (GER) 2 0 2 1934, 1936
  Jaroslav Drobný (EGY) 2 0 2 1951, 1952
  Roy Emerson (AUS) 2 0 2 1963, 1967
  André Gobert (FRA) 2 0 2 1911, 1920
  Jan Kodeš (TCH) 0 2 2 1970, 1971
  Rod Laver (AUS) 1 1 2 1962, 1969
  Frank Parker (USA) 2 0 2 1948, 1949
  Nicola Pietrangeli (ITA) 2 0 2 1959, 1960
  Ken Rosewall (AUS) 1 1 2 1953, 1968
  Manuel Santana (ESP) 2 0 2 1961, 1964
  Tony Trabert (USA) 2 0 2 1954, 1955

Champions by country

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Former country ¤
Country Amateur Era Open Era All-time First title Last title
  France (FRA) 37 1 38 1892 1983
  Spain (ESP) 2 10 12 1961 2008
  Australia (AUS) 9 2 11 1933 1969
  United States (USA) 4 7 11 1938 1999
  Sweden (SWE) 1 9 10 1957 1988
  Czechoslovakia (TCH) ¤[f] 0 5 5 1970 1987
  Brazil (BRA) 0 3 3 1997 2001
  Germany (GER) 3 0 3 1934 1937
  Italy (ITA) 2 1 3 1959 1976
  Argentina (ARG) 0 2 2 1977 2004
  Egypt (EGY) 2 0 2 1951 1952
  United Kingdom (UK/GBR)[g] 2 0 2 1891 1935
  Austria (AUT) 0 1 1 1995 1995
  Ecuador (ECU) 0 1 1 1990 1990
  Hungary (HUN) 1 0 1 1947 1947
  Romania (ROU) 0 1 1 1973 1973
  Russia (RUS) 0 1 1 1996 1996
   Switzerland (SUI) 0 1 1 2009 2009

Notes

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References

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General
  • "Event Guide / History / Past Winners 1891 - 2008". rolandgarros.com. IBM, Fédération Française de Tennis. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
  • "Grand Slam Tournaments - French Open" (PDF). usta.com. United States Tennis Association. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  • "List of French Open men's singles champions". ESPN.com. Reuters. 2009-06-07. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
Specific
  1. ^ "Superb Soderling Sends Nadal Crashing Out". atpworldtour.com. ATP Tour, Inc. 2009-05-31. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
  2. ^ "Guide du Tournoi / Histoire". roland-garros.com. IBM, Fédération Française de Tennis. Retrieved 2009-07-07.
  3. ^ "Tournament profile - Roland Garros". atpworldtour.com. ATP Tour, Inc. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
  4. ^ a b c d e "Past Winners and Draws". fft.fr. Fédération Française de Tennis. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
  5. ^ a b c d "Event Guide / History / Past Winners 1891 - 2008". rolandgarros.com. IBM, Fédération Française de Tennis. Retrieved 2009-07-02.
  6. ^ Lewis, Gabrielle (2002-05-23). "French Open history". BBC Sport. BBC. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  7. ^ Lebowitz, Mike (2004-06-03). "French tennis officials: landmark venue housed WWII prisoners". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 2009-07-07.
  8. ^ "History of the French Open 1928–2001 (1/3)". France 2. 2001. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
  9. ^ a b "Event Guide / History / Record Breakers". roland-garros.com. IBM, Fédération Française de Tennis. Retrieved 2009-07-07.
  10. ^ "Merellio dits Meller : The Silverthsmith of Sport". mellerio.fr. Merellio dits Meller. Retrieved 2009-06-24.
  11. ^ "Event Guide / Prize Money". rolandgarros.com. IBM, Fédération Française de Tennis. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
  12. ^ Amalfi, Alberto (2009-05-15). "Roof Coming To Roland Garros". tennisweek.com. Tennis Week. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
  13. ^ "Head to head – Roger Federer/Rafael Nadal". atpworldtour.com. ATP Tour, Inc. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
  14. ^ "Federer Clinches Roland Garros Title To Seal Career Slam". atpworldtour.com. ATP Tour, Inc. 2009-06-07. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
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