Secondary sources edit

SA edit

  • Aalto, S (2010). Categorizing Otherness in the Kings' Sagas (PhD thesis). Publications of the University of Eastern Finland Dissertations in Social Sciences and Business Studies. University of Eastern Finland. ISBN 978-952-61-0238-2. ISSN 1798-5757.
  • Abels, R (2015). "Reflections on Alfred the Great as a Military Leader". In Halfond, GI (ed.). The Medieval Way of War: Studies in Medieval Military History in Honor of Bernard S. Bachrach. Farnham: Ashgate. ISBN 9781472419590.
  • Abrams, L (2007). "Conversion and the Church in the Hebrides in the Viking Age". In Smith, BB; Taylor, S; Williams, G (eds.). West Over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-Borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 31). Leiden: Brill. pp. 169–193. ISBN 978-90-04-15893-1. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Adams, J; Holman, K (2004). "Introduction". In Adams, J; Holman, K (eds.). Scandinavia and Europe, 800–1350: Contact, Conflict, and Coexistence. Medieval Texts and Cultures of Northern Europe (series vol. 4). Turnhout: Brepols Publishers. pp. xv–xvi. ISBN 2-503-51085-X.
  • Alexander, D; Neighbour, T; Oram, R (2002). "Glorious Victory? The Battle of Largs, 2 October 1263". History Scotland. 2 (2): 17–22.
  • Allen, WED (1957–1961). "The Poet and the Spae-Wife: An Attempt to Reconstruct Al-Ghazal's Embassy to the Vikings". Saga-Book. 15: 149–258 (i–viii, 1–102) – via Viking Society Publications.
  • Anderson, CE (1999). Formation and Resolution of Ideological Contrast in the Early History of Scandinavia (PhD thesis). St John's College – via ResearchGate.
  • Andersen, PS (1991). "When was Regular, Annual Taxation Introduced in the Norse Islands of Britain? A Comparative Study of Assessment Systems in North‐Western Europe". Scandinavian Journal of History. 16 (1–2): 73–83. doi:10.1080/03468759108579210. eISSN 1502-7716. ISSN 0346-8755.
  • Antonsson, H (2007). St. Magnús of Orkney: A Scandinavian Martyr-Cult in Context. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 29). Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-15580-0. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Antonsson, H; Crumplin, S; Conti, A (2007). "A Norwegian in Durham: An Anatomy of a Miracle in Reginald of Durham's Libellus de Admirandis Beati Cuthberti". In Smith, BB; Taylor, S; Williams, G (eds.). West Over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-Borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 31). Leiden: Brill. pp. 195–226. ISBN 978-90-04-15893-1. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Archibald, E (2009). "Questioning Arthurian Ideals". In Archibald, E; Putter, A (eds.). The Cambridge Companion to the Arthurian Legend. Cambridge Companions to Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 139–153. ISBN 978-0-521-86059-8.
  • Aronstein, SL (2003). "Wales: Culture and Society". In Rigby, SH (ed.). A Companion to Britain in the Later Middle Ages. Blackwell Companions to British History. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. pp. 541–557. ISBN 0-631-21785-1.
  • Astås, R (1993). "Óláfr, St.". In Pulsiano, P; Wolf, K; Acker, P; Fry, DK (eds.). Medieval Scandinavia: An Encyclopedia. Garland Encyclopedias of the Middle Ages (series vol. 1). New York: Garland. pp. 445–446. ISBN 0-8240-4787-7.

SB edit

  • Babcock, RS (2007). "The Irish Sea Province and the Accession of Henry I". In Fleming, DF; Pope, JM (eds.). Henry I and the Anglo-Norman World: Studies in Memory of C. Warren Hollister. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. pp. 39–62. ISBN 978-1-84383-293-5. ISSN 0963-4959.
  • Baker, J; Brookes, S (2013). Beyond the Burghal Hidage: Anglo-Saxon Civil Defence in the Viking Age. History of Warfare (series vol. 84). Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-24605-8.
  • Bandlien, B (2005). Strategies of Passion: Love and Marriage in Medieval Iceland and Norway. Medieval Texts and Cultures of Northern Europe (series vol. 6). Turnhout: Brepols Publishers. ISBN 2-503-52163-0.
  • Barrett, JH (2003). "Culture Contact in Viking Age Scotland". In Barrett, JH (ed.). Contact, Continuity, and Collapse: The Norse Colonization of the North Atlantic. Studies in the Early Middle Ages (series vol. 5). Vol. 5. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers. pp. 73–111. doi:10.1484/M.SEM-EB.3.3832. ISBN 2-503-51291-7.
  • Barrett, JH (2007). "The Pirate Fisherman: The Political Economy of a Medieval Maritime Society". In Smith, BB; Taylor, S; Williams, G (eds.). West Over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-Borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 31). Leiden: Brill. pp. 229–340. ISBN 978-90-04-15893-1. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Barrett, JH (2016). "Maritime Societies and the Transformation of the Viking Age and Medieval World". In Barrett, JH; Gibbon, SJ (eds.). Maritime Societies of the Viking and Medieval World. The Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph (series vol. 37). Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 1–13. doi:10.4324/9781315630755. ISBN 978-1-315-63075-5. ISSN 0583-9106.
  • Barrow, GWS (1973). The Kingdom of the Scots: Government, Church and Society From the Eleventh to the Fourteenth Century. New York: St. Martin's Press.
  • Barrow, GWS (1981). "The Sources for the History of the Highlands in the Middle Ages". In Maclean of Dochgarroch, L (ed.). The Middle Ages in the Highlands. Inverness: Inverness Field Club – via Google Books.
  • Barrow, J (2016) [2015]. "Danish Ferocity and Abandoned Monasteries: The Twelfth-Century View". In Brett, M; Woodman, DA (eds.). The Long Twelfth-Century View of the Anglo-Saxon Past. Studies in Early Medieval Britain and Ireland. London: Routledge. pp. 77–93. ISBN 978-1-4724-2817-2.
  • Barry, T (2005). "Waterford". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 509–511. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Bartlett, R (2016) [2015]. "The Viking Hiatus in the Cult of Saints as Seen in the Twelfth Century". In Brett, M; Woodman, DA (eds.). The Long Twelfth-Century View of the Anglo-Saxon Past. Studies in Early Medieval Britain and Ireland. London: Routledge. pp. 13–25. ISBN 978-1-4724-2817-2.
  • Bateman, M; McLeod, W, eds. (2007). Duanaire Na Sracaire, Songbook of the Pillagers: Anthology of Scotland's Gaelic Verse to 1600. Edinburgh: Birlinn. ISBN 978-1-84158-181-1.
  • Bates, D (2001). "Kingship, Government, and Political Life to c.1160". In Harvey, B (ed.). The Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries 1066–c.1280. Short Oxford History of the British Isles. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 69–100. ISBN 0-19-873140-X.
  • Beam, A (2012). "'At the Apex of Chivalry': Sir Ingram de Umfraville and the Anglo-Scottish Wars, 1296–1321". In King, A; Simpkin, D (eds.). England and Scotland at War, c.1296–c.1513. History of Warfare (series vol. 78). Edinburgh: Brill. pp. 53–76. ISBN 978-90-04-22983-9. ISSN 1385-7827.
  • Beougher, D (2008). "Review of RA McDonald, Manx Kingship in Its Irish Sea Setting 1187–1229: King Rognvaldr and the Crovan Dynasty". International Journal of Maritime History. 20 (1): 369–370. doi:10.1177/084387140802000126. S2CID 163722759.
  • Besteman, J (2004). "Viking Relations With Frisia in an Archaeological Perspective". In Hines, J; Lane, A; Redknap, M (eds.). Land, Sea and Home. The Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph (series vol. 20). Leeds: Maney Publishing. pp. 93–108. ISBN 9781904350255.
  • Beuermann, I (2010). "'Norgesveldet?' South of Cape Wrath? Political Views Facts, and Questions". In Imsen, S (ed.). The Norwegian Domination and the Norse World c. 1100–c. 1400. Trondheim Studies in History. Trondheim: Tapir Academic Press. pp. 99–123. ISBN 978-82-519-2563-1.
  • Beuermann, I (2011). "Jarla Sǫgur Orkneyja. Status and Power of the Earls of Orkney According to Their Sagas". In Steinsland, G; Sigurðsson, JV; Rekdal, JE; Beuermann, I (eds.). Ideology and Power in the Viking and Middle Ages: Scandinavia, Iceland, Ireland, Orkney and the Faeroes. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 52). Leiden: Brill. pp. 109–161. ISBN 978-90-04-20506-2. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Beuermann, I (2014). "No Soil for Saints: Why was There No Native Royal Martyr in Man and the Isles". In Sigurðsson, JV; Bolton, T (eds.). Celtic-Norse Relationships in the Irish Sea in the Middle Ages, 800–1200. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 65). Leiden: Brill. pp. 81–95. ISBN 978-90-04-25512-8. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Black, R (2012). "1467 MS: MacSorleys of Monydrain". West Highland Notes & Queries. 3 (20): 12–14.
  • Black, R (2013). "1467 MS: The Lamonts". West Highland Notes & Queries. 3 (21): 3–19.
  • Blacker, J (1998). "Women, Power, and Violence in Orderic Vitalis's Historia Ecclesiastica". In Roberts, A (ed.). Violence Against Women in Medieval Texts. Gainesville: University Press of Florida. pp. 44–55. ISBN 0-8130-1566-9.
  • Blakely, RM (2009). "Galloway, the Solway Shore and the Nature of Borders". In Smith, B (ed.). Ireland and the English World in the Late Middle Ages: Essays in Honour of Robin Frame. London: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 55–67. ISBN 978-0-230-54289-1.
  • Blankenhorn, VS (1979). "Review of DA Fergusson; AI MacDhomhnuill, From the Farthest Hebrides/Bho na h-Innse Gall as Iomallaiche". The Scottish Review: Arts and Environment. 16: 53–55 – via Academia.edu.
  • Boardman, S (2000). "The Tale of Leper John and the Campbell Acquisition of Lorn". In Cowan, EJ; McDonald, RA (eds.). Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. pp. 219–247. ISBN 1-86232-151-5.
  • Boardman, S (2012). "Highland Scots and Anglo-Scottish Warfare, c.1300–1513". In King, A; Simpkin, D (eds.). England and Scotland at War, c.1296–c.1513. History of Warfare (series vol. 78). Edinburgh: Brill. pp. 231–254. ISBN 978-90-04-22983-9. ISSN 1385-7827.
  • Bolton, T (2009). The Empire of Cnut the Great: Conquest and the Consolidation of Power in Northern Europe in the Early Eleventh Century. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 40). Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-16670-7. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Bonde, N (1997). "Dendroprovenancing: Count the Rings, map the Journey a new Branch of Tree-Ring Studies". In De Boe, G; Verhaeghe, F (eds.). Travel Technology & Organisation in Medieval Europe: Papers of the 'Medieval Europe Brugge 1997' Conference. I.A.P. Rapporten (series vol. 8). Zellik: Institute for the Archaeological Heritage. pp. 53–55. ISBN 90-75230-09-5. ISSN 1372-0007.
  • Bradley, J (1988). "The Interpretation of Scandinavian Settlement in Ireland". In Bradley, J (ed.). Settlement and Society in Medieval Ireland: Studies Presented to F.X. Martin. Irish Studies. Kilkenny: Boethius Press. pp. 49–78. ISBN 0863141439.
  • Bradt, H (2015). North Devon & Exmoor: Local, Characterful Guides to Britain's Special Places. Chalfont St Peter: Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 978-1-84162-865-3.
  • Breatnach, C (2005). "Historical Tales". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 221–222. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Breen, C; Murray, E; Reid, G; Robinson, R (2011). "Dunluce: A Castle and Lost Town in North Antrim". Archaeology Ireland. 25 (3): 26–29. ISSN 0790-892X. JSTOR 41550223.
  • Bridgland, N (2004). "The Medieval Church in Argyll". In Omand, D (ed.). The Argyll Book. Edinburgh: Birlinn. pp. 85–93. ISBN 1-84158-253-0.
  • Broderick, G (1990). "Fin As Oshin". Celtica. 21: 51–60.
  • Broderick, G (2002). "Castletown". Placenames of the Isle of Man. Vol. Vol. 6, Sheading of Rushen (Kirk Malew With Castletown and Ballasalla, Kirk Arbory, and Kirk Christ Rushen With the Calf of Man). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag. pp. 191–235. doi:10.1515/9783110942668. ISBN 3-484-40138-9. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  • Broderick, G (2002). "Kirk Malew". Placenames of the Isle of Man. Vol. Vol. 6, Sheading of Rushen (Kirk Malew With Castletown and Ballasalla, Kirk Arbory, and Kirk Christ Rushen With the Calf of Man). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag. pp. 27–190. doi:10.1515/9783110942668. ISBN 3-484-40138-9. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  • Broun, D (2004) [1999]. "Anglo-French Acculturation and the Irish Element in Scottish Identity". In Smith, B (ed.). Britain and Ireland, 900–1300: Insular Responses to Medieval European Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 135–153. ISBN 0-511-03855-0.
  • Broun, D (2005). "Contemporary Perspectives on Alexander II's Succession: The Evidence of King-lists". In Oram, RD (ed.). The Reign of Alexander II, 1214–49. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 16). Leiden: Brill. pp. 79–98. ISBN 90-04-14206-1. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Brown, EAR; Cothren, MW (1986). "The Twelfth-Century Crusading Window of the Abbey of Saint-Denis: Praeteritorum Enim Recordatio Futurorum est Exhibitio". Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes. 49: 1–40. doi:10.2307/751288. ISSN 0075-4390. JSTOR 751288. S2CID 193101255.
  • Brown, M (2002). "Henry the Peaceable: Henry III, Alexander III and Royal Lordship in the British Isles, 1249–1272". In Weiler, BKU; Rowlands, IW (eds.). England and Europe in the Reign of Henry III (1216–1272). New York: Routledge. pp. 43–66. ISBN 0-7546-0467-5.
  • Bruford, A (2000). "What Happened to the Caledonians". In Cowan, EJ; McDonald, RA (eds.). Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. pp. 43–68. ISBN 1-86232-151-5.
  • Burke, AB (2015). "A Tribute to Andrew B W MacEwen". Foundations. 7: i–iii.
  • Burl, A (2013) [2009]. John Aubrey & Stone Circles: Britain's First Archaeologist, From Avebury to Stonehenge. Stroud: Amberley Publishing. ISBN 9781445620145.
  • Busse, PE (2006). "Dyfnwal ab Owain/Domnall mac Eogain". In Koch, JT (ed.). Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. Vol. Vol. 2. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p. 639. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  • Byock, J (1993). "Goði". In Pulsiano, P; Wolf, K; Acker, P; Fry, DK (eds.). Medieval Scandinavia: An Encyclopedia. Garland Encyclopedias of the Middle Ages (series vol. 1). New York: Garland. pp. 230–231. ISBN 0-8240-4787-7.

SC edit

  • Caldwell, D (2008). Islay: The Land of the Lordship. Edinburgh: Birlinn.
  • Caldwell, DH (2004). "The Scandinavian Heritage of the Lordship of the Isles". In Adams, J; Holman, K (eds.). Scandinavia and Europe, 800–1350: Contact, Conflict, and Coexistence. Medieval Texts and Cultures of Northern Europe (series vol. 4). Vol. 4. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers. pp. 69–83. doi:10.1484/M.TCNE-EB.3.4100. ISBN 2-503-51085-X.

need to replace----------

  • Caldwell, DH (2015). "The Sea Power of the Western Isles of Scotland in the Late Medieval Period". In Barrett, JH; Gibbon, SJ (eds.). Maritime Societies of the Viking and Medieval World. The Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph (series vol. 37). Leeds: Maney Publishing. ISBN 978-1-909662-79-7. ISSN 0583-9106.

need to replace----------


  • Caldwell, DH (2016). "The Sea Power of the Western Isles of Scotland in the Late Medieval Period". In Barrett, JH; Gibbon, SJ (eds.). Maritime Societies of the Viking and Medieval World. The Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph (series vol. 37). Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 350–368. doi:10.4324/9781315630755. ISBN 978-1-315-63075-5. ISSN 0583-9106.


  • Calise, JMP (2002). Pictish Sourcebook: Documents of Medieval Legend and Dark Age History. Documentary Reference Collections. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-32295-3.
  • Campbell, L (2005). "Mac Carthaig, Cormac (fl. 1138)". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. p. 288. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Candon, A (1991). "Barefaced Effrontery: Secular and Ecclesiastical Politics in Early Twelfth Century Ireland". Seanchas Ardmhacha: Journal of the Armagh Diocesan Historical Society. 14 (2): 193–25. doi:10.2307/29742490. ISSN 0488-0196. JSTOR 29742490.
  • Candon, A (1996). "Telach Óc and Emain Macha c. 1000". Emania. 15: 39–46 – via Academia.edu.
  • Candon, A (1988). "Muirchertach Ua Briain, Politics and Naval Activity in the Irish Sea, 1075 to 1119". In Mac Niocaill, G; Wallace, PF (eds.). Keimelia: Studies in Medieval Archaeology and History in Memory of Tom Delaney. Galway: Galway University Press. pp. 397–416 – via Academia.edu.
  • Candon, A (2000). "Review of AP Smyth, Seanchas: Studies in Early and Medieval Irish Archaeology, History and Literature in Honour of Francis J. Byrne". Ulster Journal of Archaeology. 59: 96–98. ISSN 0082-7355. JSTOR 20568261.
  • Candon, A (2006). "Power, Politics and Polygamy: Women and Marriage in Late Pre-Norman Ireland". In Bracken, D; Ó Riain-Raedel, D (eds.). Ireland and Europe in the Twelfth Century: Reform and Renewal. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 106–127. ISBN 978-1-85182-848-7.
  • Candon, A (2006). "Power, Politics and Polygamy: Women and Marriage in Late Pre-Norman Ireland". In Bracken, D; Ó Riain-Raedel, D (eds.). Ireland and Europe in the Twelfth Century: Reform and Renewal. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 106–127. ISBN 978-1-85182-848-7 – via Academia.edu.
  • Carr, AD (1982). Medieval Anglesey. Studies in Anglesey History Series (series vol. 6). Llangefni: Anglesey Antiquarian Society – via Google Books.
  • Carroll, JS (1984). "Reginald's Tower" (PDF). Decies: The Journal of the Waterford Archaeological and Historical Society. 26: 22–27.
  • Carroll, WC (2003). "Theories of Kingship in Shakespeare's England". In Dutton, R; Howard, JE (eds.). A Companion to Shakespeare's Works. Blackwell Companions to Literature and Culture (series vol. 18). Vol. Vol. 2, The Histories. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. pp. 125–145. ISBN 0-631-22633-8. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  • Casey, D (2014). "Irish Involvement in the First and Second Crusades? A Reconsideration of the Eleventh- and Twelfth-Century Evidence". Crusades. 13 (1): 119–142. ISSN 1476-5276.
  • Castle Tioram: Statement of Cultural Significance. ARP Lorimer and Associates. 1999 – via Highland Historic Environment Record.
  • Cathcart, A (2006). Kinship and Clientage: Highland Clanship, 1451–1609. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 20). Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-15045-4. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Cecire, MS (2010). "Ban Welondes: Wayland Smith in Popular Culture". In Clark, D; Perkins, N (eds.). Anglo-Saxon Culture and the Modern Imagination. Medievalism (series vol. 1). D.S. Brewer. pp. 201–217. ISBN 978-1-84384-251-4. ISSN 2043-8230.
  • Clancy, TO (1996). "Iona, Scotland, and the Céli De". In Crawford, BE (ed.). Scotland in Dark Age Britain. St John's House Papers (series vol. 6). Aberdeen: Scottish Cultural Press. pp. 111–130. ISBN 1-898218-61-7.
  • Clancy, TO (2006). "Brendan's European Tour: The Middle Irish Poem Mochen, mochen, a Brénaind and the Changing Nature of Pilgrimage in the Eleventh Century". In Burgess, GS; Strijbosch, C (eds.). The Brendan Legend: Texts and Versions. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 24). Leiden: Brill. pp. 35–52. ISBN 978-90-04-15247-2. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Clarke, HB (2005). "Dublin". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 135–137. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Clarkson, T (2013). "The Last King of Strathclyde". History Scotland. 13 (6): 24–27. ISSN 1475-5270.
  • Coira, MP (2008). "The Earl of Argyll and the Goill: The 'Flodden Poem' Revisited". Scottish Gaelic Studies. 24: 137–168 – via Google Books.
  • Connon, A (2005). "Sitriuc Silkenbeard". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 429–430. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Corlett, C; Condit, E (2013). Tully Church, Laughanstown, Co. Dublin. Archaeology Ireland Heritage Guide (series vol. 61). Wordwell. ISSN 0790-892X. JSTOR 41981920.
  • Coupland, S (2011). "Raiders, Traders, Worshippers and Settlers: The Continental Perspective". In Graham-Campbell, J; Sindbæk, SM; Williams, G (eds.). Silver Economies, Monetisation and Society in Scandinavia, AD 800–1100. Aarhus: Aarhus University Press. pp. 113–131 – via Academia.edu.
  • Cowan, EJ (2008). "Independence for Higher? Robert Bruce and the Scottish Wars of Independence". History Teaching Review Year Book. 22: 4–16.
  • Cox, RAV (1991). "Norse-Gaelic Contact in the West of Lewis: The Place-Name Evidence". In Ureland, PS; Broderick, G (eds.). Language Contact in the British Isles: Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Language Contact in Europe, Douglas, Isle of Man, 1988. Linguistische Arbeiten (series vol. 238). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag. pp. 479–494. doi:10.1515/9783111678658.479. ISBN 3-484-30238-0. ISSN 0344-6727.
  • Cox, RAV (2002). The Gaelic Place-Names of Carloway, Isle of Lewis. Dublin: School of Celtic Studies, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. ISBN 1-85500-192-6.
  • Crawford, BE (2014). "The Kingdom of Man and the Earldom of Orkney—Some Comparisons". In Sigurðsson, JV; Bolton, T (eds.). Celtic-Norse Relationships in the Irish Sea in the Middle Ages, 800–1200. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 65). Leiden: Brill. pp. 65–80. ISBN 978-90-04-25512-8. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Crooks, P (2005). "Anglo-Irish Relations". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 15–17. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Crooks, P (2005). "Mac Murchada, Diarmait". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 299–302. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Crooks, P (2005). "Ulster, Earldom of". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 496–497. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Cryerhall, A (2006). "Excavations at Hammond Lane, Dublin: From Hurdle-Ford to Iron Foundry". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Dublin. Vol. Vol. 7, Proceedings of the Friends of Medieval Dublin Symposium 2005. Dublin: Four Courts Press. ISBN 1-85182-974-1. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  • Cubitt, C (2009). "Pastoral Care and Religious Belief". In Stafford, P (ed.). A Companion to the Early Middle Ages: Britain and Ireland, c.500–c.1100. Blackwell Companions to British History. Chichester: Blackwell Publishing. pp. 395–413. ISBN 978-1-405-10628-3.

SD edit

  • Dahlberg, AB (2014). Diplomati og Konfliktløysing c.1244–1266: Ei Undersøking av Diplomatiske Verkemiddel i To Norske Mellomaldertraktatar (MA thesis). University of Bergen. hdl:1956/9171.
  • Dalglish, C (2003). Rural Society in the Age of Reason: An Archaeology of the Emergence of Modern Life in the Southern Scottish Highlands. Contributions to Global Historical Archaeology. New York: Kluwer Academic Publishers. ISBN 0-306-47940-0.
  • Dalton, P (2006). "Sites and Occasions of Peacemaking in England and Normandy, c. 900–c. 1150". In Morillo, S; Korngiebel, D (eds.). The Haskins Society Journal: Studies in Medieval History. Vol. Vol. 16. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. pp. 12–26. ISBN 1-84383-255-0. ISSN 0963-4959. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  • Davidson, MR (2009) [2001]. "The (Non)Submission of the Northern Kings in 920". In Higham, NJ; Hill, DH (eds.). Edward the Elder, 899–924. Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 200–211. ISBN 978-0-415-21496-4.
  • Davies, JR (2008). "Aspects of Church Reform in Wales, c. 1093–c. 1223". In Lewis, CP (ed.). Anglo-Norman Studies. Vol. Vol. 30, Proceedings of the Battle Conference 2007. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. pp. 85–99. ISBN 978-1-84383-379-6. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  • Davey, PJ (2006). "Christianity in the Celtic Countries [3] Isle of Man". In Koch, JT (ed.). Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. Vol. Vol. 2. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. pp. 418–420. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  • Davey, PJ (2006). "Kingdom of Man and the Isles". In Koch, JT (ed.). Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. Vol. Vol. 2. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. pp. 1057–1058. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  • Davey, PJ (2006). "Sodor and Man, The Diocese of". In Koch, JT (ed.). Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia. Vol. Vol. 4. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. pp. 1618–1619. ISBN 1-85109-445-8. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  • Dawson, JEA (2004) [2002]. The Politics of Religion in the Age of Mary, Queen of Scots: The Earl of Argyll and the Struggle for Britain and Ireland. Cambridge Studies in Early Modern British History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-511-02963-2.
  • Dennison, EP (2005). "Burghs and Burgesses: A Time of Consolidation?". In Oram, RD (ed.). The Reign of Alexander II, 1214–49. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 16). Leiden: Brill. pp. 253–283. ISBN 90-04-14206-1. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • de Paor, L (1976). "The Viking Towns of Ireland". In Almqvist, B; Greene, D (eds.). Proceedings of the Seventh Viking Congress: Dublin 15–21 August 1973. Viking Society for Northern Research. pp. 29–37.
  • Dingwall, A (1900). "Armorial Bearings of the Clans". The Celtic Monthly: A Magazine for Highlanders. 8: 124–125, 146–147, 162–164, 166–169, 197–199.
  • Dixon, PH (2008). "The Influence of the White Tower on the Great Towers of the Twelfth Century". In Impey, E (ed.). The White Tower. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. pp. 242–275. ISBN 978-0-300-11293-1.
  • Doherty, C (2005). "Naval Warfare". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 352–353. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Downham, C (2005). "Fine Gall". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 170–171. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Downham, C (2005). "Viking Incursions". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 502–504. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Downham, C (2007). "Living on the Edge: Scandinavian Dublin in the Twelfth Century". In Smith, BB; Taylor, S; Williams, G (eds.). West Over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-Borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 31). Leiden: Brill. pp. 33–52. ISBN 978-90-04-15893-1. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Downham, C (2009). "'Hiberno-Norwegians' and 'Anglo-Danes': Anachronistic Ethnicities and Viking-Age England". Mediaeval Scandinavia. 19: 139–169 – via Academia.edu.
  • Downham, C (2011). "Viking Identities in Ireland: It's not all Black and White". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Dublin. Vol. Vol. 11, Proceedings of the Friends of Medieval Dublin Symposium 2009. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 185–201 – via Academia.edu. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  • Downham, C (2012). "Religious and Cultural Boundaries between Vikings and Irish: The Evidence of Conversion". In Ní Ghrádaigh, J; O'Byrne, E (eds.). The March in the Islands of the Medieval West. Later Medieval Europe (series vol. 9). Leiden: Brill. pp. 15–34. ISSN 1872-7875 – via Academia.edu.
  • Downham, C (2013). "Eric Bloodaxe – Axed? The Mystery of the Last Scandinavian King of York". No Horns on Their Helmets? Essays on the Insular Viking-Age. Celtic, Anglo-Saxon, and Scandinavian Studies (series vol. 1). Aberdeen: Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies and The Centre for Celtic Studies, University of Aberdeen. pp. 181–208. ISBN 978-0-9557720-1-6. ISSN 2051-6509.
  • Downham, C (2013). "'Hiberno-Norwegians' and 'Anglo-Danes': Anachronistic Ethnicities and Viking-Age England". No Horns on Their Helmets? Essays on the Insular Viking-Age. Celtic, Anglo-Saxon, and Scandinavian Studies (series vol. 1). Aberdeen: Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies and The Centre for Celtic Studies, University of Aberdeen. pp. 41–71. ISBN 978-0-9557720-1-6. ISSN 2051-6509.
  • Downham, C (2013). "Irish Chronicles as a Source for Rivalry Between Vikings, A.D. 795–1014". No Horns on Their Helmets? Essays on the Insular Viking-Age. Celtic, Anglo-Saxon, and Scandinavian Studies (series vol. 1). Aberdeen: Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies and The Centre for Celtic Studies, University of Aberdeen. pp. 75–89. ISBN 978-0-9557720-1-6. ISSN 2051-6509.
  • Downham, C (2013). "Living on the Edge: Scandinavian Dublin in the Twelfth Century". No Horns on Their Helmets? Essays on the Insular Viking-Age. Celtic, Anglo-Saxon, and Scandinavian Studies (series vol. 1). Aberdeen: Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies and The Centre for Celtic Studies, University of Aberdeen. pp. 157–178. ISBN 978-0-9557720-1-6. ISSN 2051-6509.
  • Downham, C (2013). "Annals, Armies, and Artistry: 'The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle', 865–96". No Horns on Their Helmets? Essays on the Insular Viking-Age. Celtic, Anglo-Saxon, and Scandinavian Studies (series vol. 1). Aberdeen: Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies and The Centre for Celtic Studies, University of Aberdeen. pp. 9–37. ISBN 978-0-9557720-1-6. ISSN 2051-6509.
  • Downham, C (2013). "The Historical Importance of Viking-Age Waterford". No Horns on Their Helmets? Essays on the Insular Viking-Age. Celtic, Anglo-Saxon, and Scandinavian Studies (series vol. 1). Aberdeen: Centre for Anglo-Saxon Studies and The Centre for Celtic Studies, University of Aberdeen. pp. 129–155. ISBN 978-0-9557720-1-6. ISSN 2051-6509.
  • Downham, C (2014). "Vikings' Settlements in Ireland Before 1014". In Sigurðsson, JV; Bolton, T (eds.). Celtic-Norse Relationships in the Irish Sea in the Middle Ages, 800–1200. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 65). Leiden: Brill. pp. 1–21. ISBN 978-90-04-25512-8. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Downham, C (2016). "Coastal Communities and Diaspora Identifies in Viking Age Ireland". In Barrett, JH; Gibbon, SJ (eds.). Maritime Societies of the Viking and Medieval World. The Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph (series vol. 37). Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 369–383. doi:10.4324/9781315630755. ISBN 978-1-315-63075-5. ISSN 0583-9106.
  • Driscoll, ST; O'Grady, O; Forsyth, K (2005). "The Govan School Revisisted: Searching for Meaning in the Early Medieval Sculpture of Strathclyde". In Foster, SM; Cross, M (eds.). Able Minds and Practiced Hands: Scotland's Early Medieval Sculpture in the 21st Century. The Society for Medieval Archaeology Monograph (series vol. 23). Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 135–158. ISBN 978-1-904350-74-3. ISSN 0583-9106.
  • Duffy, S (1995). "The First Ulster Plantation: John de Courcy and the Men of Cumbria". In Berry, T; Frame, R; Simms, K (eds.). Colony and Frontier in Medieval Ireland: Essays Presented to J.F. Lydon. London: The Hambledon Press. pp. 1–29. ISBN 1-85285-122-8.
  • Duffy, S (1997). "The Problem of Degeneracy". In Lydon, J (ed.). Law and Disorder in Thirteenth-Century Ireland: The Dublin Parliament of 1297. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 87–106 – via Academia.edu.
  • Duffy, S (1998). "The Gaelic Account of the Bruce Invasion Cath Fhochairte Brighite: Medieval Romance or Modern Forgery?". Seanchas Ardmhacha: Journal of the Armagh Diocesan Historical Society. 13 (1): 59–121. doi:10.2307/29745299. ISSN 0488-0196. JSTOR 29745299.
  • Duffy, S (1999). "The Anglo-Norman era in Scotland: Convergence and Divergence". In Devine, TM; McMillan, JF (eds.). Celebrating Columba: Irish-Scottish Connections, 597–1997. Edinburgh. pp. 15–34 – via Academia.edu.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Duffy, S (1999). "Ireland and Scotland, 1014–1169: Contacts and Caveats". In Smyth, AP (ed.). Seanchas: Studies in Early and Medieval Irish Archaeology, History and Literature in Honour of Francis J. Byrne. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 348–356. ISBN 1-85182-489-8.
  • Duffy, S (1999). "Ireland and Scotland, 1014–1169: Contacts and Caveats". In Smyth, AP (ed.). Seanchas: Studies in Early and Medieval Irish Archaeology, History and Literature in Honour of Francis J. Byrne. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 348–356. ISBN 1-85182-489-8 – via Academia.edu.
  • Duffy, S (2002). "The Bruce Brothers and the Irish Sea World, 1306–29". In Duffy, S (ed.). Robert the Bruce's Irish Wars: The Invasions of Ireland 1306–1329. Stroud: Tempus Publishing. pp. 45–70. ISBN 0-7524-1974-9 – via Academia.edu.
  • Duffy, S (2004). "The 1169 Invasion as a Turning-Point in Irish-Welsh Relations". In Smith, B (ed.). Britain and Ireland, 900–1300: Insular Responses to Medieval European Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 98–113. ISBN 0-511-03855-0.
  • Duffy, S (2004). "The Lords of Galloway, Earls of Carrick, and the Bissets of the Glens: Scottish Settlement in Thirteenth-Century Ulster". In Edwards, D (ed.). Regions and Rulers in Ireland, 1100–1650: Essays for Kenneth Nicholls. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 37–50. ISBN 1-85182-742-0.
  • Duffy, S (2004). "The Lords of Galloway, Earls of Carrick, and the Bissets of the Glens: Scottish Settlement in Thirteenth-Century Ulster". In Edwards, D (ed.). Regions and Rulers in Ireland, 1100–1650: Essays for Kenneth Nicholls. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 37–50. ISBN 1-85182-742-0 – via Academia.edu.
  • Duffy, S (2005). "A Reconsideration of the Site of Dublin's Viking Thing-Mót". In Condit, T; Corlett, C (eds.). Above and Beyond: Essays in Memory of Leo Swan. Dublin: Wordwell. pp. 351–360 – via Academia.edu.
  • Duffy, S (2005). "Bruce, Edward (c. 1275–1318)". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 51–53. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Duffy, S (2005). "Courcy, John de". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 108–1109. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Duffy, S (2005). "Ua Briain, Muirchertach (1050–1119)". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 459–462. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Duffy, S (2005). "Ua Néill, Domnall (Ante 1260–1325)". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 480–481. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Duffy, S (2006). "The Royal Dynasties of Dublin and the Isles in the Eleventh Century". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Dublin. Vol. Vol. 7, Proceedings of the Friends of Medieval Dublin Symposium 2005. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 51–65. ISBN 1-85182-974-1. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  • Duffy, S (2006). "'The Western World's Tower of Honour and Dignity': The Career of Muirchertach Ua Briain in Context". In Bracken, D; Ó Riain-Raedel, D (eds.). Ireland and Europe in the Twelfth Century: Reform and Renewal. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 56–73. ISBN 978-1-85182-848-7.
  • Duffy, S (2007). "The Prehistory of the Galloglass". In Duffy, S (ed.). The World of the Galloglass: Kings, Warlords and Warriors in Ireland and Scotland, 1200–1600. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 1–23. ISBN 978-1-85182-946-0.
  • Duffy, S (2013). "The Turnberry Band". In Duffy, S (ed.). Princes, Prelates and Poets in Medieval Ireland: Essays in Honour of Katharine Simms. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 124–138 – via Academia.edu.
  • Dumville, D (2000). "The Chronicle of the Kings of Alba". In Taylor, S (ed.). Kings, Clerics and Chronicles in Scotland, 500–1297: Essays in Honour of Marjorie Ogilvie Anderson on the Occasion of Her Ninetieth Birthday. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 73–86. ISBN 1-85182-516-9.
  • Dunkling, L (1978). Scottish Christian Names: An A–Z of First Names. London: Johnston and Bacon – via Google Books.

SE edit

  • SB, Edgington (2015). "The Capture of Lisbon: Premeditated or Opportunistic?". In Roche, JT; Jensen, JM (eds.). The Second Crusade: Holy War on the Periphery of Latin Christendom. Outremer: Studies in the Crusades and the Latin East (series vol. 2). Vol. 2. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers. pp. 257–272. doi:10.1484/M.OUTREMER-EB.5.105192. ISBN 978-2-503-52327-9.
  • Edmonds, F (2009). "Personal Names and the Cult of Patrick in Eleventh-Century Strathclyde and Northumbria". In Boardman, S; Davies, JR; Williamson, E (eds.). Saints' Cults in the Celtic World. Studies in Celtic History (series vol. 25). Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. pp. 42–65. ISBN 978-1-84383-432-8. ISSN 0261-9865.
  • Edmonds, F (2014). "Saints' Cults and Gaelic-Scandinavian Influence Around the Cumberland Coast and North of the Solway Firth". In Sigurðsson, JV; Bolton, T (eds.). Celtic-Norse Relationships in the Irish Sea in the Middle Ages, 800–1200. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 65). Leiden: Brill. pp. 39–63. ISBN 978-90-04-25512-8. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Edwards, ASG (2009). "John Lydgate's Lives of Ss Edmund and Fremund: Politics, Hagiography and Literature". In Bale, A (ed.). St Edmund, King and Martyr: Changing Images of a Medieval Saint. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 133–144. ISBN 978-1-903153-26-0.
  • Erskine, SC (2013). "St. Patrick's Bachall Ísu: Its Origins, Tradition, and Rise to Prominence as Armagh's Premier Relic". Eolas: The Journal of the American Society of Irish Medieval Studies. 6: 41–67. ISSN 1931-2539. JSTOR 26193961.
  • Etchingham, C (2007). "Viking-Age Gwynedd and Ireland: Political Relations". In Wooding, JM; Jankulak, K (eds.). Ireland and Wales in the Middle Ages. Dublin: Four Courts Press. pp. 149–167. ISBN 978-1-85182-748-0.
  • Etchingham, C (2014). "Names for the Vikings in Irish Annals". In Sigurðsson, JV; Bolton, T (eds.). Celtic-Norse Relationships in the Irish Sea in the Middle Ages, 800–1200. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 65). Leiden: Brill. pp. 23–38. ISBN 978-90-04-25512-8. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Etheridge, D; Hart, M; Heans-Głogowska, E; Kupiec, P (2014). "People". In Schom, B; Quinn, J (eds.). The Vikings in Lewis (PDF). Languages, Myths and Finds (series vol. 2). Centre for the Study of the Viking Age, University of Nottingham. pp. 23–28. ISBN 9780853582991.

SF edit

  • Fee, CR (2012). "Með Lögum Skal Land Vort Byggja (With Law Shall the Land be Built): Law as a Defining Characteristic of Norse Society in Saga Conflicts and Assembly Sites Throughout the Scandinavian North Atlantic". In Hudson, B (ed.). Studies in the Medieval Atlantic. The New Middle Ages. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 123–142. doi:10.1057/9781137062390_5. ISBN 978-1-137-06239-0.
  • Fellows-Jensen, G (1968). Scandinavian Personal Names in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire. Navnestudier udgivet af Institut for Navneforskning (series vol. 7). Copenhagen: Akademisk Forlag – via Google Books.
  • Fellows-Jensen, G (1993). "Some Orkney Personal Names". In Batey, CE; Jesch, J; Morris, CD (eds.). The Viking Age in Caithness, Orkney and the North Atlantic: Select Papers From the Proceedings of the Eleventh Viking Congress, Thurso and Kirkwall, 22 August – 1 September 1989. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 397–407. ISBN 0-7486-0632-7.
  • Fellows-Jensen, G (1996). "Language Contact in Iceland: The Evidence of Names". In Ureland, PS; Clarkson, I (eds.). Language Contact Across the North Atlantic. Linguistische Arbeiten (series vol. 359). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag GmbH & Co. KG. pp. 115–124. ISBN 3-484-30359-X. ISSN 0344-6727.
  • Fellows-Jensen, G (2001). "Danish Place-names in Scotland and Scottish Personal Names in Denmark: A Survey of Recent Research". In Fellows-Jensen, G (ed.). Denmark and Scotland: The Cultural and Environmental Resources of Small Nations. Historisk-filosofiske Meddelelser (series vol. 82). Copenhagen: Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. pp. 123–138. ISBN 87-7876-229-4. ISSN 0106-0481.
  • Fellows-Jensen, G (2008). "Scandinavian Place Names in the British Isles". In Brink, S; Price, N (eds.). The Viking World. Routledge Worlds. Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 391–400. ISBN 978-0-203-41277-0.
  • Fergusson, DA; Blankenhorn, VS (1980). "A Gaelic Stir". The Scottish Review: Arts and Environment. 18: 33–37 – via Academia.edu.
  • Finlay, A (2009). "Chronology, Genealogy and Conversion: The Afterlife of St Edmund in the North". In Bale, A (ed.). St Edmund, King and Martyr: Changing Images of a Medieval Saint. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. pp. 45–62. ISBN 978-1-903153-26-0.
  • Flanagan, MT (1989). Irish Society, Anglo-Norman Settlers, Angevin Kingship: Interactions in Ireland in the Late Twelfth Century. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-822154-1.
  • Flanagan, MT (2005). "Anglo-Norman Invasion". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 17–19. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Flanagan, MT (2005). "Henry II". In Duffy, S (ed.). Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia. New York: Routledge. pp. 210–212. ISBN 0-415-94052-4.
  • Forbes, AR (1923). Place-Names of Skye and Adjacent Islands. Paisley: Alexander Gardner.
  • Foster, SM (2004). Picts, Gaels and Scots: Early Historic Scotland. London: BT Batsford. ISBN 0-7134-8874-3.
  • Fox, PA (2009). "The Archbishops of Dol and the Origin of the Stewarts". Foundations. 3 (1): 61–76.
  • Frame, R (1989). "England and Ireland, 1171–1399". In Jones, M; Vale, M (eds.). England and Her Neighbours, 1066–1453: Essays in Honour of Pierre Chaplais. London: The Hambledon Press. pp. 139–155. ISBN 1-852850-140.
  • Frame, R (2001). "Conquest and Settlement". In Harvey, B (ed.). The Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries 1066–c.1280. Short Oxford History of the British Isles. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 31–68. ISBN 0-19-873140-X.
  • Frame, R (2016) [2013]. "Ireland After 1169: Barriers to Acculturation on an 'English' Edge". In Stringer, KJ; Jotischky, A (eds.). Norman Expansion: Connections, Continuities and Contrasts. Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 115–141. doi:10.4324/9781315598550. ISBN 978-1-409-44838-9.
  • Frank, R (2000). "Skaldic Verse and the Date of Beowulf". In Baker, PS (ed.). The Beowulf Reader. Basic Readings in Anglo-Saxon England (series vol. 1). New York: Routledge. pp. 155–180. ISBN 0-8153-3666-7.
  • Frankis, J (1996). "Views of Anglo-Saxon England in Post-Conquest Vernacular Writing". In Pilch, H (ed.). Orality and Literacy in Early Middle English. ScriptOralia (series vol. 83). Tübingen: Gunter Narr. pp. 227–247. ISBN 3-8233-4573-7.
  • Frederick, J (2000). "The South English Legendary: Anglo-Saxon Saints and National Identity". In Scragg, D; Weinberg, C (eds.). Literary Appropriations of the Anglo-Saxons From the Thirteenth to the Twentieth Century. Cambridge Studies in Anglo-Saxon England (series vol. 29). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 57–73. ISBN 978-0-521-03117-2.
  • Freke, D (2002). "Conclusions". In Freke, D (ed.). Excavations on St Patrick's Isle, Peel, Isle of Man 1982–88: Prehistoric, Viking, Medieval and Later. Centre for Manx Studies Monographs (series vol. 2). Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. pp. 437–448 – via Google Books.
  • Fry, SL (2000–2001). "Digging Deeper: Adventures in Medieval Irish Burial and the Case for Interdisciplinary Scholarship". Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium. 20–21: 248–261. ISSN 1545-0155. JSTOR 41219600.
  • Fuller, MC (2009). "Where was Iceland in 1600?". In Singh, JG (ed.). A Companion to the Global Renaissance: English Literature and Culture in the Era of Expansion. Blackwell Companions to Literature and Culture (series vol. 60). Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 149–162. doi:10.1002/9781444310986.ch8. ISBN 978-1-405-15476-5.

SG edit

  • Gade, KE (1994). "1236: Órækja Meiddr ok Heill Gerr" (PDF). In Tómasson, S (ed.). Samtíðarsögur: The Contemporary Sagas. Forprent. Reykjavík: Stofnun Árna Magnússona. pp. 194–207 – via The International Saga Conference.
  • Gade, KE (2001). "Morkinskinna's Giffarðsþáttr: Literary Fiction or Historical Fact?". Gripla. 11. ISBN 9979-819-72-3.
  • Gelling, G (1991). "The Place-Names of the Isle of Man". In Ureland, PS; Broderick, G (eds.). Language Contact in the British Isles: Proceedings of the Eighth International Symposium on Language Contact in Europe, Douglas, Isle of Man, 1988. Linguistische Arbeiten (series vol. 238). Tübingen: Max Niemeyer Verlag. pp. 141–156. ISBN 3-484-30238-0. ISSN 0344-6727.
  • Ghosh, S (2011). Kings' Sagas and Norwegian History: Problems and Perspectives. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 54). Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-20989-3. ISSN 1569-1462.
  • Gillingham, J (2004) [1999]. "Killing and Mutilating Political Enemies in the British Isles From the Late Twelfth to the Early Fourteenth Century: A Comparative Study". In Smith, B (ed.). Britain and Ireland, 900–1300: Insular Responses to Medieval European Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 114–134. ISBN 0-511-03855-0.
  • Gledhill, J (2016) [2013]. "Frome Shire to Barony in Scotland: The Case of Eastern Lothian". In Stringer, KJ; Jotischky, A (eds.). Norman Expansion: Connections, Continuities and Contrasts. Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 87–113. doi:10.4324/9781315598550. ISBN 978-1-409-44838-9.
  • Goldstein, RJ (2002) [1999]. "Writing in Scotland, 1058–1560". In Wallace, D (ed.). The Cambridge History of Medieval English Literature. pp. 229–254. ISBN 0-521-44420-9.
  • Gore, D (2004). "Britons, Saxons, and Vikings in the South-West". In Adams, J; Holman, K (eds.). Scandinavia and Europe, 800–1350: Contact, Conflict, and Coexistence. Medieval Texts and Cultures of Northern Europe (series vol. 4). Vol. 4. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers. pp. 35–41. doi:10.1484/M.TCNE-EB.3.4098. ISBN 2-503-51085-X.
  • Gore, D (2016). "A Review of Viking Attacks in Western England to the Early Tenth Century: Their Motives and Responses". In Lavelle, R; Roffey, S (eds.). Danes in Wessex: The Scandinavian Impact on Southern England, c. 800–c. 1000. Oxford: Oxbow Books. pp. 56–69. ISBN 978-1-78297-931-9.
  • Grant, A (1998) [1993]. "Thanes and Thanages, From the Eleventh to the Fourteenth Centuries". In Grant, A; Stringer, KJ (eds.). Medieval Scotland: Crown, Lordship and Community. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 39–81. ISBN 0-7486-1110-X.
  • Grant, A (2000). "The Province of Ross and the Kingdom of Alba". In Cowan, EJ; McDonald, RA (eds.). Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Middle Ages. East Linton: Tuckwell Press. pp. 88–126. ISBN 1-86232-151-5.
  • Griffiths, D (2009) [2001]. "The North-West Frontier". In Higham, NJ; Hill, DH (eds.). Edward the Elder, 899–924. Milton Park, Abingdon: Routledge. pp. 167–187. ISBN 978-0-415-21496-4.
  • Griffiths, D (2014). "A Brief History and Archaeology of Viking Activity in North-West England". In Harding, SE; Griffiths, D; Royles, E (eds.). In Search of Vikings: Interdisciplinary Approaches to the Scandinavian Heritage of North-West England. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. pp. 33–49. ISBN 978-1-4822-0759-0.
  • Grant, A (2008). "Franchises North of the Border: Baronies and Regalities in Medieval Scotland". In Prestwich, M (ed.). Liberties and Identities in the Medieval British Isles. Regions and Regionalism in History (series vol. 10). Woodbridge: Boydell Press. pp. 155–199. ISBN 978-1-84383-374-1 – via Lancaster EPrints.
  • Gurevic, AJ (1993). "Land Tenure and Inheritance". In Pulsiano, P; Wolf, K; Acker, P; Fry, DK (eds.). Medieval Scandinavia: An Encyclopedia. Garland Encyclopedias of the Middle Ages (series vol. 1). New York: Garland. pp. 372–373. ISBN 0-8240-4787-7.

SH edit

  • Hadley, DM (2009) [2000]. "'Hamlet and the Princes of Denmark': Lordship in the Danelaw, c. 860–954". In Hadley, DM; Richards, JD (eds.). Cultures in Contact: Scandinavian Settlement in England in the Ninth and Tenth Centuries. Studies in the Early Middle Ages (series vol. 2). Vol. 2. Tumhout: Brepols Publishers. pp. 107–132. doi:10.1484/M.SEM-EB.3.1263. ISBN 978-2-503-50978-5.

<---1 Aaron–Cushing 2 Cushion–Joynson, 649- 3 Joynt–Radclyffe, 1424- 4 Raddie–Zwart, 2201-.--->

SI edit

Template:Cite journal

SJ edit

SK edit

SL edit

SM edit


replace with the following------


SN edit

SO edit


replace with below--------------


SP edit

SQ edit

SR edit

SS edit

---replace with the following----


ST edit

SU edit

SV edit

SW edit

SY edit

SZ edit