Wikipedia

2020 in North Africa

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The following lists events that happened during 2020 in North Africa. The countries listed are those described in the United Nations geoscheme for Africa:  Algeria,  Egypt,  Libya,  Morocco,  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic,  Sudan,  Tunisia, and  Western Sahara

Countries and territories edit

Algeria edit

Main article: 2020 in Algeria

  The People's Democratic Republic of Algeria won its independence from France in 1962. It is a member of the African Union (AU), the Arab League, OPEC, and the Arab Maghreb Union (AMU). The capital of Algeria is Algiers.[1]

Egypt edit

Main article: 2020 in Egypt

  Modern Egypt gained nominal independence from the British Empire as a monarchy in 1922. In 1952, Egypt ended British occupation, nationalized the Suez Canal, exiled King Farouk, and declared itself a republic. Egypt and Syria formed the United Arab Republic from 1958 to 1961. Egypt is a member the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), the Arab League, the African Union, and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) The capital of the Arab Republic of Egypt is Cairo.[3]

Libya edit

Main article: 2020 in Libya

  The Kingdom of Libya lasted from 1951 to September 1, 1969, when Muammar Gaddafi overthrew King Idris and established the "Libyan Arab Republic," becoming the "Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya" in 1977 and the "Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya" in 1986. Gaddafi himself was killed during the Libyan Civil War of 2011. Libya is a member of the NAM, the Arab League, the OIC, and the OPEC. The capital of the State of Libya is Tripoli.[5]

Morocco edit

Main article: 2020 in Morocco

  The Alaouite dynasty began its rule in 1631 but in 1912 Morocco was divided between French and Spanish protectorates. The Kingdom of Morocco regained its independence in 1956. Morocco is a member of the Arab League, the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM), and the AU. Rabat is the capital city.[7]

Western Sahara edit

  When Spain gave up Spanish Sahara in 1976, Morocco, Mauritania, and Polisario Front fought for control of the territory. Mauritania gave up its claims in 1979.[9] Today the government of Morocco claims sovereignty and controls 3/4 of the territory of Western Sahara, which it calls its Southern Provinces[10][a] The United Nations proposed a referendum on the area's future; Morocco agreed to autonomy in 2007 but no referendum. The largest city is Laayoune.[9]

Territorial and border disputes with Spain edit

  The Kingdom of Spain controls two cities on the Mediterranean coast of Africa. Western Sahara was a Spanish colony until 1973, but Morocco disputes the claims.[12]

Canary Islands

  The island of Fuerteventura is located only 50 nautical miles (93 km) west the coast of Western Sahara in the Atlantic Ocean, leading to a conflict over offshore mineral rights.[13]

Spanish enclaves and exclaves

  Ceuta became an autonomous city of Spain on March 14, 1995. It is a free port at the Mediterranean entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar.[14]

  Melilla is also a free port that has been an autonomous city of Spain since 1995. It is located in eastern Morocco on the Mediterranean coast.[16]

Morocco also claims the Spanish territories of Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera and the Plazas de soberanía along its northern coast.

Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic edit

  The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) controls about 1⁄4 of the territory of Western Sahara and is recognized by about 40 countries. It is a member of the African Union.[11] The SADR claims El Aaiún as its capital, but as that is controlled by Morocco, Tifariti in the Liberated Territories east of the Moroccan Western Sahara Wall is the de facto capital.[18]

Sudan edit

Main article: 2020 in Sudan

  Anglo-Egyptian Sudan was established in 1899, granting Sudan independence on January 1, 1956. Mostly Christian South Sudan broke off from the Muslim Republic of the Sudan in 2011. President Omar al-Bashir was overthrown in April 2019 and by August 20, 2019 the Sovereignty Council of Sudan was established. The 2022 Sudanese general election is scheduled to complete the transition to democracy by November 2022. Khartoum is the capital.[19]

Tunisia edit

Main article: 2020 in Tunisia

  Tunisia threw off its French yoke on March 20, 1956, and the Republic of Tunisia was declared the following year. The Tunisian Revolution of December 2010-January 2011 set off the Arab Spring and led to the democratization of Tunisia. The capital and largest city is Tunis.[21]

Monthly events edit

January edit

February edit

March edit

  • March 2 – Independence Day, Morocco (1956 from France)[8]
  • March 8 – International Women's Day
  • March 12 – At least 18 African countries, including Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia report cases of the novel coronavirus. Most are in single figures, but five deaths have been reported in North Africa.[43]
  • March 20 – Independence Day, Tunisia (1956 from France)[22]
  • March 22 – Isra and Mi'raj, Islamic "Night Journey"

April edit

  • April 3
    • Humanitarian groups call upon the government of Morocco to give African migrants the same cash aid it gives to citizens.[44]
    • Sudan and the United States finalize the settlement of the 2000 USS Cole bombing. The announcement maintained Sudan's position that it was not responsible for the attack on the ship or any other "terrorist" act.[45]
  • April 9 – Martyrs' Day, Sudan
  • April 13 – 14,000 cases of COVID-19 and 788 deaths have been reported across Africa. Cases by country: Algeria – 1,914, Egypt – 2,065, Libya – 25, Morocco – 1,661, Sudan – 19, Tunisia – 707[46]
  • April 22 – Sudan reports 13 deaths and 140 confirmed cases of COVID-19, but there are fears that the actual number is much higher as people only go to the hospital when they are very sick. The government has increased its health budget by 200%, but $120 million to fight the new virus and $150 million to cover medicines until June is still needed. Importing equipment and medicine is difficult as suppliers prioritize their own countries.[47]
  • April 23 to 23 May 23 – Ramadan[48]
  • April 25 – Sinai Liberation Day, Egypt
  • April 28 – Libyan General Khalifa Haftar is accused of carrying out a coup d'état as he puts the eastern part of the country under direct military rule.[49]
  • April 29 – Representatives from the United Arab Emirates (UAE) visit Sudan to rally support and recruit fighters for Libya's Khalifa Haftar.[50]
  • April 30

May edit

  • May 1
  • May 4 – Seventy-eight migrants from Libya are stuck at sea as no European port will accept them.[54]
  • May 6 – Fighting between Arabs and non-Arabs in South Darfur, Sudan, leaves thirty dead and a dozen wounded.[55]
  • May 8 – A Moroccan man is arrested in Spain for allegedly planning a pro-Islamic State terrorist attack in Barcelona.[56]
  • May 12 – Sudan pushes Ethiopia to resume discussion related to the $4.6 billion Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the Nile River that officials say will start filling in July.[57]
  • May 13 – In the third incident of armed violence this month, 24 people, including paratroopers are killed in Kaduqli, Sudan.[58]
  • May 14 – Algeria summons Morocco's ambassador to Algiers in protest when the Moroccan consul in Oran purportedly referred to Algeria as an "enemy country."[59]
  • May 19 – Laylat al-Qadr, Islamic "Night of Decree"
  • May 23
    • Egyptian security forces report killing 21 militants in two raids in the northern Sinai Peninsula; two Egyptian soldiers are wounded.[60]
    • COVID-19 pandemic: Sudan announces the formation of a special police force to prevent attacks on health workers. The country has reported at least 63 deaths from COVID-19 among around 3,380 confirmed cases of the coronavirus. There have been two dozen attacks on health workers over the past two months.[61]
  • May 24 – Eid al-Fitr, end of Ramadan
  • May 26 – The U.S. says Russia has sent fighter jets to Tripoli to support the mercenaries trying to topple the government. Russia says this is ″disinformation.″[62]
  • May 27 – Five British men and one woman are accused of being among 30 mercenaries fighting for Libyan rebel Khalifa Haftar on behalf of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) based company called Opus.[63]
  • May 30 – Day of the Canary Islands

June edit

July edit

  • July 5 – Independence Day, Algeria (from France in 1962)[2]
  • July 6 – Mohamed Amashah, 24, an Egyptian-American student, is released from Tora Prison in Cairo after 16 months of captivity.[74]
  • July 11 – Sudan institutes reforms allowing non-Muslims to drink alcohol in private and outlawing Female Genital Mutilation (FGM).[75]
  • July 13 – Sudanese security forces violently break up a protest camp in North Darfur, killing at least protester and wounding a dozen others, including four children, activists.[76]
  • July 20 – The Parliament of Egypt authorizes sending troops to Libya.[77]
  • July 23 – Revolution Day, Egypt[4]
  • July 24 – Mass graves likely tied to a 1990 coup attempt against former President Omar al-Bashir in Sudan are discovered.[78]
  • July 25 – Republic Day, Sudan
  • July 30
    • Muharram, Islamic New Year
    • Throne Day (accession of King Mohammed VI to the throne in Morocco)[8]
  • July 31 – Eid al-Adha, Islamic "Festival of the Sacrifice"

August edit

  • August 11 – Sudan bans the exportation of peanuts.[79]
  • August 12 – France steps up its military presence in the eastern Mediterranean.[80]
  • August 14 – Oued Ed-Dahab Day, Western Sahara
  • August 17 – Forty-five migrants, including children, die when the boat carrying them explodes near Zuwarah, Libya. Thirty-seven people survive.[81]
  • August 24 – General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan defends the upcoming visit of U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, who is expected to remove Sudan from the state sponsors of terrorism.[82]
  • August 25 – Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed of Ethiopia meets Sudanese Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok of Sudan and General Abdelfatah al Burhan in Khartoum to discuss the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) and border issues.[83]
  • August 31 – The transitional government of Sudan and the Sudan Revolutionary Front initial a peace agreement in South Sudan.[84]
  • August – 2020 Sudan floods[85][86]

September edit

  • September 2 – Ceuta Day
  • September 6 – The Red Cross says that 332 migrants rescued by Salvamento Marítimo have to stay in tents on the docks in Arguineguín, Grand Canary Island.[87]
  • September 15 – The Canary Islands report the arrival of 1,277 immigrants in two weeks, the highest figure since 2008.[88]
  • September 16 – Martyrs' Day, Libya
  • September 17
    • Melilla Day
    • Filmmaker Hajooj Kuka is among the five Sudanaese artists convicted on charges of public disturbance and violating public safety measures in Khartoum in a demonstration against dictator Omar al-Bashir in 2019. Six others are awaiting similar charges.[89]

October edit

  • October 3 – The government of Sudan and ten rebel groups sign a peace agreement, ending 17 years of war.[90]
  • October 12 – Fiesta Nacional de España, Spain and dependencies
  • October 15 – Evacuation Day, Sudan
  • October 23 – Liberation Day, Libya (2011)[6]
  • October 30 – Milad un Nabi, The Prophet's birthday

November edit

  • November 1 – Revolution Day, Algeria (1954)[2]
  • November 3 – Milad un Nabi, The Prophet's birthday (Shia)
  • November 6 – Green March, Western Sahara, Morocco
  • November 8 – 2020 Egyptian parliamentary election
  • November 15 – A 30-year cease-fire between Morocco and Polisario Front forces is broken as the government tries to open a road in the Guerguerat buffer zone near the border with Mauritania.[91]
  • November 18 – Independence Day, Morocco

December edit

  • December 11 – Morocco normalizes relations with Israel and in return U.S. President Trump acknowledges Morocco's sovereignty over the Western Sahara.[92]
  • December 15 – Sudan says that "Ethiopian forces and militias" ambushed Sudanese army forces near Jabal Abutiour, Sudan. Sudane Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok visited Ethiopia briefly on December 13 to discuss the security situation.[93]
  • December 16 – Couscous is added to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.[94]
  • December 19 – Revolution Day, Sudan
  • December 24 – Independence Day, Libya
  • December 25 – Christmas Day, Western Christian holiday
  • December 27 – Egyptian diplomats and intelligence operatives arrive in Tripoli to discuss security concerns.[95]

Predicted and scheduled events edit

See also: Political impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

The Arts edit

Further information: 2020 in African music and 2020 in film
See also: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cinema, Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on television, and Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage

Sports edit

See also: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports

November 2019 to December 2020 edit

Deaths edit

January to March edit

April to June edit

July to September edit

October to December edit

See also edit

External links edit

References edit

Footnotes edit

  1. ^ Morocco's rule over the Western Sahara is not officially recognized by any country, but Morocco has the support of the Arab League.[11]
  2. ^ In August 2019, the ruling military council and civilian opposition alliance signed a power-sharing deal as the "Sovereignty Council," chaired by General Abd-al-Fatah al-Burhan and consisting of six civilians and five generals; the Council is currently led by the military but the intention is to transition to civilian leadership in May 2021 when elections can be held; Burhan serves as both chief of state and head of government.[20]
  3. ^ On 21 August 21, 2019, the Forces for Freedom and Change, the civilian opposition alliance, named Abdallah Handouk as prime minister of Sudan for the transitional period.[20]

Citations edit

  1. ^ Keith Sutton; Abdel Kader Chanderli; L. Carl Brown; Salah Zaimeche. "Algeria". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved Apr 5, 2020.
  2. ^ a b c CIA Factbook: Algeria CIA 2020, Retrieved 30 March 2020
  3. ^ Donald P. Little; Charles Gordon Smith; Derek Hopwood; Arthur Eduard Goldschmidt (March 17, 2020). "Egypt". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved Apr 5, 2020.
  4. ^ a b c CIA Factbook: Egypt retrieved 30 March 2020
  5. ^ Nevill Barbour; L. Carl Brown; Gary L. Fowler; Dennis D. Cordell (Apr 2, 2020). "Libya". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved Apr 5, 2020.
  6. ^ a b CIA Factbook: Libya retrieved 30 March 2020
  7. ^ Nevill Barbour; Susan Gilson Miller; L. Carl Brown; Abdallah Laroui. "Morocco". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved Apr 5, 2020.
  8. ^ a b c d CIA Factbook: Morocco retrieved 30 March 2020
  9. ^ a b "Western Sahara". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved Apr 5, 2020.
  10. ^ Africa: Western Sahara retrieved 30 Mar 2020
  11. ^ a b c "Western Sahara Profile". BBC News. May 14, 2018. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
  12. ^ Morocco restates claim to Ceuta and Melilla (in English) Expatica (Spain), 1 Feb 2006, retrieved 5 Apr 2020
  13. ^ Spain rejects Morocco's claim on mineral-rich undersea volcano The Telegraph, 23 Jan 2020 Spain's foreign minister travels to Morocco amid territorial water dispute El País (in English) 24 Jan 2020
  14. ^ "Ceuta". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved Apr 5, 2020.
  15. ^ Juan Jesús Vivas (PP), invested president of Ceuta without support from other groups (in Spanish) La Vanguardia, 15 June 2019, retrieved 5 Apr 2020
  16. ^ "Melilla". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved Apr 5, 2020.
  17. ^ Eduardo de Castro, presidente de Melilla (Cs): "Yo con Vox no voy ni a recoger billetes de 500" (in Spanish) El Español, 2 Dec 2019, retrieved 5 Apr 2020
  18. ^ Tifariti, the promised land of a Saharawi state (in Spanish) El Mundo (Spain), Dec 12, 2011, retrieved 5 Apr 2020
  19. ^ Economist Intelligence Unit; Mohy el Din Sabr; Jay L. Spaulding; Ahmad Alawad Sikainga. "Sudan". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved Apr 5, 2020.
  20. ^ a b c d e CIA Factbook: Sudan retrieved 30 March 2020
  21. ^ Nevill Barbour; John Innes Clarke; Mohamed Talbi; L. Carl Brown (Feb 27, 2020). "Tunisia". Encyclopaedia Britannica.
  22. ^ a b c d CIA Factbook: Tunisia retrieved 30 March 2020
  23. ^ Tunisia: Swearing in of the Fakhfakh government at the Presidential Palace in Carthage (in French) Kapitalis, 27 Feb 2020, retrieved 30 Mar 2020
  24. ^ Wintour, Patrick (January 5, 2020). "Turkish troops deploy to Libya to prop up embattled government". The Guardian – via www.theguardian.com.
  25. ^ Libya: Haftar's forces capture strategic Sirte. Eastern forces, led by Khalifa Haftar, have announced the capture of the coastal city of Sirte, previously controlled by the Tripoli government. The news comes a day after Turkey deployed troops in support of Tripoli. dw.com, Jan 7, 2020
  26. ^ Libya conflict: Turkey and Russia call for ceasefire, January 8, 2020, BBC
  27. ^ Western Sahara: Several Ecuadorian Organizations Reiterate Support for Right of Sahrawi People to Self-Determination allAfrica, 24 Jan 2020, retrieved 11 Feb 2020
  28. ^ Algeria: Post Election Repression Human Rights Watch, 28 Jan 2020
  29. ^ In Egypt, 12-year-old girl dies after genital mutilation by NOHA ELHENNAWY, Associated Press, 31 January 2020
  30. ^ Egypt weighs 37 death sentences that include militant leader by SAMY MAGDY, Associated Press, February 1, 2020
  31. ^ Tunisian president arrives in Algeria on his first trip abroad Middle East Monitor, 3 Feb 2020
  32. ^ Islamic State claims purported attack on Egypt-Israel gas pipeline in Sinai Times of Israel, 3 Feb 2020
  33. ^ Sudanese leader says he 'felt comfortable' with Netanyahu during meeting. Abdel Fattah al-Burhan reveals he 'prayed to God' before unprecedented talks in Uganda with Israeli premier. By TOI STAFF and AGENCIES, 9 February 2020.
  34. ^ Mubarak al-Mahdi to Asharq Al-Awsat: Normalizing Ties with Israel Acquits Sudan of Terrorism 9 February 2020 aawsat.com.
  35. ^ "Omar al-Bashir: Sudan agrees ex-president must face ICC". BBC News. 11 February 2020.
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  37. ^ Western Sahara: South African President Reiterates Support for Right of Sahrawi People to Self-Determination and Independence allAfrica, 11 Feb 2020
  38. ^ Sudan seeks to end terror designation in USS Cole settlement AP, 13 Feb 2020
  39. ^ "Algerians keep up protests a year after demonstrations began". Reuters. Feb 14, 2020.
  40. ^ Morocco strangles Ceuta and Melilla, cutting borders to take advantage of Sánchez (in Spanish) El Español, 17 Feb 2020
  41. ^ Spain calls for firm defense in maritime dispute with Morocco Africa Times, 26 Feb 2020
  42. ^ Egypt: We'll use 'all means' to defend Nile interests AP/Yahoo! News, 29 Feb 2020
  43. ^ Coronavirus spreads to more African countries Al Jazeera, 12 March 2020
  44. ^ African migrants in Morocco wait for aid as coronavirus bites Reuters, 3 Apr 2020
  45. ^ "Sudan finalises settlement with US families over USS Cole bombing". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved Apr 30, 2020.
  46. ^ Abdur Rahman Alfa Shaban (April 13, 2020). "Coronavirus in 52 African countries: 14,400+ cases, 788 deaths, 2,823 recoveries". Africa News.
  47. ^ "Few ventilators, little cash: Sudan braces for coronavirus test". Reuters. 23 April 2020. Retrieved April 23, 2020.
  48. ^ "When is Ramadan 2020? Start and end dates, timetable and when Eid al-Fitr is". inews.co.uk. Retrieved Apr 23, 2020.
  49. ^ "Libya's Khalifa Haftar accused of coup d'etat as he puts eastern Libya under direct military rule". uk.news.yahoo.com. Retrieved Apr 28, 2020.
  50. ^ "UAE officials 'visit Sudan' to rally support for Libya's Haftar". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved Apr 30, 2020.
  51. ^ "Sudan criminalises FGM, makes it punishable by 3 years in prison". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved Apr 30, 2020.
  52. ^ "Ten soldiers killed in bomb attack in north Egypt". news.yahoo.com. Retrieved May 2, 2020.
  53. ^ "East Libyan forces bomb Tripoli despite cease-fire; 2 killed". ABC News. Retrieved May 2, 2020.
  54. ^ "Rescued migrants stranded at sea, not allowed to any EU port". news.yahoo.com. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
  55. ^ "Clashes between Arabs, non-Arabs in Sudan province kill 30". ABC News. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
  56. ^ "Spain: police arrest man suspected of planning terror attack". ABC News. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  57. ^ "Sudan pushes Ethiopia to resume stalled talks over Nile dam". ABC News. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  58. ^ "Sudan clashes kill 26, including paramilitary forces". ABC News. Retrieved May 13, 2020.
  59. ^ "Algeria summons Moroccan ambassador over 'enemy country' remark". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
  60. ^ "Egypt says raids on hideouts in Sinai kill 21 militants". news.yahoo.com. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
  61. ^ "Sudan to establish police force to protect health workers". ABC News. Retrieved May 24, 2020.
  62. ^ "US military says Russia deployed fighter jets to Libya". ABC News. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
  63. ^ "British mercenaries 'involved in botched operation' backing rebel leader in Libya, according to secret UN report". news.yahoo.com. Retrieved May 29, 2020.
  64. ^ "Sudan appoints new defense chief amid tensions with Ethiopia". news.yahoo.com. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
  65. ^ "Libya's GNA retakes Tripoli airport from Haftar's forces". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
  66. ^ "Egypt, UAE welcome resumption of Libya ceasefire talks". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
  67. ^ "Sudan's muted crackdown, one year later". www.aljazeera.com. Archived from the original on June 4, 2020. Retrieved June 3, 2020. "A year later: Sudanese women raped in crackdown seek justice". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
  68. ^ "Sudan militia leader in custody on Darfur war crimes charges". ABC News. Retrieved June 9, 2020.
  69. ^ "Tunisia orders lifting of coronavirus lockdown". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
  70. ^ Munawer, Qamar (23 June 2020). "Egyptian cyberattack on Ethiopian Security Agency website and some other". The Eastern Herald. Retrieved June 27, 2020.
  71. ^ Zelalem, Zecharias. "An Egyptian cyber attack on Ethiopia by hackers is the latest strike over the Grand Dam". Quartz Africa. Retrieved June 27, 2020.
  72. ^ "Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan agree to delay filling dam". news.yahoo.com. Retrieved June 27, 2020.
  73. ^ "Egypt executes Libyan militant for plotting deadly attack". ABC News. Retrieved June 27, 2020.
  74. ^ "American student released after 486 days in Egyptian prison". ABC News. Retrieved July 6, 2020.
  75. ^ "Sudan to allow drinking alcohol for non-Muslims, ban FGM". ca.news.yahoo.com. Retrieved July 12, 2020.
  76. ^ "Sudanese forces break up protest camp in Darfur, killing 1". ABC News. Retrieved July 13, 2020.
  77. ^ "El Parlamento de Egipto aprobó el despliegue de tropas en Libia". infobae (in European Spanish). Retrieved July 20, 2020.
  78. ^ "Sudan finds mass grave likely linked to foiled 1990 coup". AP NEWS. 24 July 2020. Retrieved July 25, 2020.
  79. ^ Ketz, Sammy. "Peanut traders baffled by Sudan export ban on key cash crop". news.yahoo.com. AFP. Retrieved August 11, 2020.
  80. ^ "France to bolster Mediterranean military presence over Turkish prospecting: Macron". news.yahoo.com. Reuters. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
  81. ^ "Children among 45 dead in 2020's worst Mediterranean boat tragedy". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved August 20, 2020.
  82. ^ "El Ejército sudanés se defiende en vísperas de la visita de Pompeo". www.msn.com (in Spanish). August 24, 2020. Retrieved August 24, 2020.
  83. ^ "Sudan, Ethiopia vow 'all efforts' to resolve Nile dam dispute". news.yahoo.com. AFP. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  84. ^ "Sudan government agrees to peace deal with five rebel groups". The Guardian. Retrieved August 31, 2020.
  85. ^ "Sudan: Dozens dead, thousands of homes destroyed by floods". Al Jazeera English.
  86. ^ "Sudan floods: Nile water level threatens ancient pyramids". news.yahoo.com. BBC. Retrieved September 8, 2020.
  87. ^ "332 inmigrantes tendrán que dormir en el puerto de Arguineguín (Gran Canaria)". www.msn.com. EFE. Retrieved September 6, 2020.
  88. ^ "El flujo más alto de inmigrantes en Canarias desde 2008: 1.277 en 15 días". www.msn.com. EFE. September 15, 2020. Retrieved Sep 15, 2020.
  89. ^ MAGDY, SAMY (September 20, 2020). "Verdict against young artists in Sudan stirs controversy". news.yahoo.com. AP. Retrieved Sep 20, 2020.
  90. ^ "El gobierno y las facciones rebeldes ratifican la paz en Sudán". msn.com. DW. October 3, 2020. Retrieved Oct 3, 2020.
  91. ^ Brennan, David (November 15, 2020). "Fighting in Morocco May Present Biden with Fresh Africa Crisis Amid COVID Surge". msn.com. Newsweek. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  92. ^ LAVALLÉE, Guillaume (December 11, 2020). "Trump hace un regalo a Marruecos al reconocer su soberanía sobre el Sáhara Occidental". es-us.noticias.yahoo.com (in Spanish). Yahoo News. AFP. Retrieved December 11, 2020.
  93. ^ "Sudan says officers ambushed by Ethiopian 'forces and militias' during patrol". news.yahoo.com. Yahoo News. Retrieved December 16, 2020.
  94. ^ "UNESCO adds couscous to list of intangible world heritage". aljazeera.com. Al Jazeera English. December 16, 2020. Retrieved December 17, 2020.
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  97. ^ Tunisia: Some 1200 Participants in Djerba Half-Marathon allAfrica, 9 Feb 2020
  98. ^ L'ex ministre des affaires étrangères Mohamed Salah Dembri n'est plus ! Archived 2020-01-02 at the Wayback Machine (in French)
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  100. ^ توفي بالعناية المركزة.. من هو "إبراهيم فرح" بطل "الخواجة عبدالقادر"؟ (in Arabic)
  101. ^ The death of Egyptian actress Nadia Rafik[permanent dead link]
  102. ^ "Hédi Baccouche n'est plus". realites.com (in French). 21 January 2020. Retrieved 26 January 2020.
  103. ^ "Disparition de Lina Ben Mheni". espacemanager.com (in French). Retrieved 27 January 2020.
  104. ^ عاجل..العلامة الكبير محمد بن الأمين بوخبزة في ذمة الله (in Arabic)
  105. ^ Egyptian playwright Lenin El-Ramly dies aged 75
  106. ^ بعد صراع مع المرض.. وفاة الفنان السودانى عبد العزيز المبارك داخل مستشفى بالقاهرة (in Arabic)
  107. ^ Tunisia-Former national handball coach Saïd Amara passes away
  108. ^ الفنان الأمازيغي "بوتفوناست" يرحل إلى دار البقاء (in Arabic)
  109. ^ "Hosni Mubarak: Former Egyptian President dies aged 91". BBC News. Archived from the original on 2023-03-23.
  110. ^ وفاة المفكر الإسلامي محمد عمارة.. وهذه وصيته (in Arabic)
  111. ^ "Egypt executes top militant extradited from Libya". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2023-03-21.
  112. ^ Adieu Alain Marcel (in French)
  113. ^ "Sudan defence minister dies of heart attack at Juba peace talks". Middle East Eye. 25 March 2020. Retrieved 26 March 2020.
  114. ^ Dernière minute: Décès de Hamed Karoui à 92 ans (in French)
  115. ^ Egyptian comedy icon George Sidhom dies at 81
  116. ^ Mort de Pierre Bénichou, ancien dirigeant de « L'Obs » et chroniqueur des « Grosses Têtes » (in French)
  117. ^ وفاة الدكتور محمود حمدي زقزوق وزير الأوقاف الأسبق عن 87 عامًا (in Arabic)
  118. ^ Décès de la grande artiste tunisienne Leila Menchari (in French)
  119. ^ Former Libyan PM Mahmoud Jibril has died from complications related to coronavirus
  120. ^ Bishop Clément-Joseph Hannouche
  121. ^ Former Libyan Interim Prime Minister Keib Dies Aged 70 - Reports
  122. ^ Filmmaker who mocked Egyptian president 2 years ago has died in prison: lawyers
  123. ^ آدم حنين .. حفيد الفنانين الفراعنة "البار" (in Arabic)
  124. ^ Tourcoing : le peintre Mahjoub Ben Bella est mort (in French)
  125. ^ وفاة ماجدة قنديل المدير السابق للمركز المصري للدراسات الاقتصادية (in Arabic)
  126. ^ SLIMANI, KARIMA. "Former Prime Minister Belaïd Abdessalam passes away". www.aps.dz. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  127. ^ Décès de Mohamed Gueddiche (in French)
  128. ^ Sudan's former PM Sadiq al-Mahdi dies of coronavirus in UAE: sources
  129. ^ Mort de Mgr Henri Teissier, une vie au service de l’Algérie (in French)
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