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List of shipwrecks in March 1864

The list of shipwrecks in March 1864 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during March 1864.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

1 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 1 March 1864
Ship State Description
Archimedes   United Kingdom The steam schooner was wrecked on a sandbar at the mouth of the Maas in the Netherlands during a storm. Her crew was rescued by local lifesaving personnel.[citation needed]
Princess Louisa   United Kingdom The ship was lost on the Isla de Lobos, Uruguay. She was on a voyage from London to Buenos Aires, Argentina.[1][2]
Snow Squall   United States On 1 March 1864, while carrying gunpowder among other cargo from New York to San Francisco, California, Snow Squall ran aground in the Straits of Le Marie in South America.[3] She was refloated and put to Port Stanley, Falkland Islands, where she was discharged of her cargo and found damaged beyond repair. In July, she was condemned and sold. The largest surviving piece was used as a dock at Port Stanley.
Sir Robert Peel   United Kingdom The brig was driven ashore at Lowestoft, Suffolk. She was on a voyage from London to Hartlepool, County Durham.[4][5] She was refloated the next day and taken in to Lowestoft in a severely leaky condition.[6]

2 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 2 March 1864
Ship State Description
Dalmatian   United Kingdom The steamship was severely damaged by fire at Alexandria, Egypt and was beached. She was later refloated.[7][8]
Matchless   United Kingdom The ship sprang a leak and was abandoned in the North Sea. She was on a voyage from King's Lynn, Norfolk to Fleetwood, Lancashire. She was towed in to Grimsby, Lincolnshire in a derelict condition the next day.[9][10]
Unidentified schooner Flag unknown American Civil War, Union blockade: Carrying ammunition and other assorted cargo, the 80-ton schooner was run aground and burned by her crew in Deadman's Bay on the coast of Florida, Confederate States of America when the schooner USS Annie (  United States Navy) approached.[11]

3 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 29 February 1864
Ship State Description
Gazelle   United Kingdom The fishing sloop collided with Harte (  Hamburg) and sank off Plymouth, Devon. Her crew were rescued.[12]
Hope   United Kingdom The brig collided with Cumberland (  United Kingdom) and sank off the Corsewall Lighthouse, Wigtownshire. Two of her five crew were rescued by Cumberland. Hope was on a voyage from Troon, Ayrshire to Dublin.[13]
Lina   Kingdom of Hanover The brig was driven ashore at Dungeness, Kent, United Kingdom. She was on a voyage from Rotterdam, South Holland, Netherlands to Buenos Aires, Argentina.[6] She was refloated with the assistance of the Coast Guard and taken in to Dover, Kent.[12]
Sophia   United Kingdom American Civil War, Union blockade: The schooner was discovered aground in Altamaha Sound, Georgia, Confederate States of America by the schooner USS Dan Smith (  United States Navy), which captured her. She eventually was refloated and placed under the control of a U.S. Navy prize crew.[14]
Warner   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at Ness Point, Suffolk. She was on a voyage from Rochester, Kent to Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland. She was refloated.[12]

4 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 4 March 1864
Ship State Description
Arletta   United Kingdom American Civil War, Union blockade: Carrying a cargo of alcohol, coffee, and whiskey, the 35-to-50-ton schooner was forced aground on the south end of Tybee Island, Georgia, Confederate States of America by the gunboat USS South Carolina (  United States Navy), then was captured by a detachment of the 3rd Rhode Island Artillery Regiment.[15]
Desert Flower   United Kingdom The ship was wrecked on the Long Bank, in the Irish Sea off the coast of County Wexford with the loss of two of her crew. She was on a voyage from Liverpool, Lancashire to Calcutta, India.[12][16]
Electric   United Kingdom The barque ran aground on the Cross Sand, in the North Sea off the coast of Norfolk and sank. Her eight crew were rescued by a tug. She was on a voyage from "Aquilas" to Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland.[17][18]
Emily   United Kingdom The barque sprang a leak and was beached south of Grimsby, Lincolnshire. She was on a voyage from South Shields, County Durham to Genoa, Italy.[19]
Endeavour   United Kingdom The ship ran aground and was holed by an anchor at Whitby, Yorkshire. She was on a voyage from Middlesbrough to Bridlington, Yorkshire. She was refloated.[19]
Glide   United Kingdom The brig was lost off Happisburgh, Norfolk. Her six crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Sunderland, County Durham to Portsmouth, Hampshire.[17][18]
Telegraph   United Kingdom The brig was driven ashore at Blakeney, Norfolk. She was on a voyage from South Shields to Plymouth, Devon.[17]

5 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 5 March 1864
Ship State Description
Ann and Elizabeth   United Kingdom The smack ran aground on the Whiteness Rock, off the north Kent coast. A lifeboat went to her aid, but her crew refused to abandon ship. She was on a voyage from Shoreham-by-Sea, Sussex to Whitstable, Kent.[20]
Atalanta   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore in Gibraltar Bay. She was on a voyage from Cardiff, Glamorgan to Gibraltar.[8]
Audy Letchemy   India The barque was sunk by a waterspout with the loss of 114 of the 134 people on board. She was on a voyage from "Vengalle" to "Paumben", Ceylon.[21]
Britannia   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at Bawdsey, Suffolk. Her two crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from London to Cley-next-the-Sea, Norfolk. She was refloated and put in to Harwich, Essex.[22][23]
Chasseur   France The lugger was driven ashore at Cromer, Norfolk. Her crew were rescued by the Sheringham Lifeboat.[20][23]
Eyons   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore east of Wells-next-the-Sea, Norfolk.[20]
Highlander   United Kingdom The ship ran aground off Burnham Overy Staithe, Norfolk and was abandoned by her crew. She was on a voyage from Sunderland, County Durham to Southampton, Hampshire.[20]
Jeffrey   United Kingdom The ship ran aground on the Scratby Sands, Norfolk. She was on a voyage from London to Sunderland, County Durham. She was refloated and taken in to Great Yarmouth.[17]
North Eastern   United Kingdom The steamship ran aground on the Paternoster Rocks, in the Baltic Sea. She was on a voyage from Cardiff, Glamorgan to Travemünde. She was refloated and put in to Gothenburg, Sweden for repairs.[20]
Richard   United Kingdom The schooner was driven ashore near Dundalk, County Louth. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Ardrossan, Ayrshire to Saltney, Cheshire.[24][25] She was refloated the next day.[13]
Sharp   United Kingdom The ship ran aground on the Longsand, in the North Sea off the coast of Essex. She was on a voyage from Liverpool, Lancashire to Ipswich, Suffolk. She was refloated.[24]
Verna   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at Sheringham, Norfolk. She was on a voyage from Folkestone, Kent to Blyth, Northumberland. She had become a wreck by 1 April.[26]
Unidentified schooner   United States American Civil War: The schooner was captured and sunk at Cherrystone, Virginia, Confederate States of America by a mixed force of Confederate States Navy sailors and troopers of the 5th Virginia Cavalry Regiment.[27]

6 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 6 March 1864
Ship State Description
Adjutor   Denmark The schooner was driven ashore and wrecked at Cape de Gatt, Spain. She was on a voyage from Hamburg to Naples, Italy.[7][28]
Edith   United Kingdom The schooner was driven ashore at Blakeney, Norfolk. She was on a voyage from South Shields, County Durham to Dartmouth, Devon.[17]
Harriet Wade   United Kingdom The ship ran aground off Sheringham, Norfolk. She was on a voyage from South Shields, County Durham to Alexandria, Egypt. She was refloated and put in to Grimsby, Lincolnshire in a leaky condition.[20]
Jane and Lucy   United Kingdom The barque collided with the steamship Excelsior (  United Kingdom) and sank in the North Sea off the Bull Lightship (  Trinity House). Her crew were rescued by Excelsior. Jane and Lucy was on a voyage from South Shields to Corfu, United States of the Ionian Islands.[20][29]
John and George   United Kingdom The sloop ran aground on the Turner Shoal. She was on a voyage from London to Guernsey, Channel Islands. She was refloated and taken in to Lowestoft, Suffolk.[20]
Mary and Louisa   United Kingdom The barque was run into by the steamship Excelsior (  United Kingdom) and sank in the Humber. Her crew were rescued by Excelsior. Mary and Louisa was on a voyage from Sunderland, County Durham to Genoa, Italy.[19]
Onyx   United Kingdom The paddle tug sank at North Shields, Northumberland.[17]
USS Peterhoff   United States Navy American Civil War, Union blockade: The former yacht, operating as a patrol vessel, was rammed and sunk off New Inlet, North Carolina, Confederate States of America by the screw steamer USS Monticello (  United States Navy), which had mistaken her for a blockade runner. Men from the screw steamers USS Mount Vernon and USS Niphon (both   United States Navy) boarded her on 7 March and completed her destruction to prevent her salvage by Confederate forces.[14]
Rose   United Kingdom The schooner was driven ashore at the Spurn Lighthouse, Yorkshire.[20] Her crew were rescued by the steamship Superb (  United Kingdom)[19] She was refloated on 27 March and taken in to Grimsby, Lincolnshire.[30]

7 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 7 March 1864
Ship State Description
Ann   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore in Gibraltar Bay. She was on a voyage from Liverpool, Lancashire to Gibraltar. She was refloated on 27 March.[31]
Asia   United Kingdom The barque was driven ashore in Gibraltar Bay. She was on a voyage from Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland to Cuba. She was refloated on 9 March but was consequently condemned.[10][32]
Challenger   United Kingdom The brig collided with the brig Ariel (  United Kingdom) off the Maplin Sand, in the North Sea off the coast of Essex. Her crew were rescued by Ariel. Challenger was located with the assistance of a steamship but had to be beached on the Gunfleet Sand. She was on a voyage from Guernsey, Channel Islands to London.[22]
Lass of Dereham   United Kingdom The barque was driven ashore in Gibraltar Bay. She was on a voyage from Cardiff, Glamorgan to Gibraltar. She was refloated on 9 March.[10]
Louisa Ann   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore in Gibraltar Bay. She was on a voyage from Liverpool to Gibraltar. She was refloated on 10 March.[33]
Marys   United Kingdom The brig was driven ashore at West Hartlepool, County Durham. She was on a voyage from Whitby, Yorkshire to West Hartlepool.[34]
Preusse Flag unknown The ship was driven ashore in Gibraltar Bay. She was on a voyage from Liverpool to Gibraltar. She was refloated on 10 March.[33]
Titan   United States Army American Civil War: After being captured on 5 March by a Confederate States Navy raiding force, the tug was pursued by the gunboat USS Tulip (  United States Navy) up the Piankatank River to its head at Freeport, Virginia, Confederate States of America, where the Confederates burned her to the waterline when the armed steamer USS Commodore Read, armed sidewheel paddle steamer USS Jacob Bell, armed tugs USS Fuchsia and USS Thomas Freeborn, and the armed screw steamer USS Currituck (all   United States Navy) arrived on the scene.[14][35]
Undaunted   United Kingdom The brig was wrecked on the Cross Sand, in the North Sea off the coast of Norfolk. Her seven crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from London to Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland.[20][17]

8 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 8 March 1864
Ship State Description
USS Conestoga   United States Navy American Civil War: The 672-ton timberclad sidewheel paddle steamer sank with the loss of two lives less than four minutes after colliding with the sidewheel paddle steamer USS General Price (  United States Navy) in the Mississippi River about ten miles (16 km) downstream of Grand Gulf, Mississippi, Confederate States of America. She was refloated on 27 September 1865.[14][36]
Jane   United Kingdom The ship struck the Bremer Rock, in the Firth of Forth and was damaged. She was on a voyage from Bo'ness, Lothian to Ipswich, Suffolk. She put back to Bo'ness in a leaky condition.[10]
Janes   United Kingdom The brig departed from Hartlepool, County Durham for Hamburg. No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[37]
Lord Burleigh   United Kingdom The ship was wrecked at the mouth of the Benito River.[38]
Sunrise   United Kingdom The schooner was driven ashore in the Larne Lough. She was on a voyage from Boston, Lincolnshire to Belfast, County Antrim. She was refloated.[39]

9 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 9 March 1864
Ship State Description
A. J. Sweeney   United States Loaded with a cargo of corn and twenty-eight horses, the 244-ton sternwheel paddle steamer struck a bridge abutment, burned, and sank without loss of life in the Cumberland River near Clarksville, Tennessee. She later was refloated and dismantled.[40]
James Lantest   United Kingdom The ship departed from Hartlepool, County Durham for Glückstadt, Duchy of Schleswig. No further trace, presumed foundered in the North Sea with the loss of all hands.[41]
Mary Ann   United Kingdom The schooner ran aground on the Herd Sand, in the North Sea off the coast of County Durham. She was refloated with the assistance of two lifeboats and towed in to North Shields, Northumberland.[17]
Olive Branch   United Kingdom The brigantine struck a rock off the Isle of Skye, Outer Hebrides and sank. Her six crew were rescued by the steamship Clydesdale (  United Kingdom). Oliver Branch was on a voyage from Liverpool, Lancashire to the River Tyne.[42]
Otter, and
United States 		  United Kingdom The steamship Otter collided with the paddle tug United States, which was being launched at South Shields, County Durham. She was consequently beached on the Dortwick Sands. She was on a voyage from Newcastle upon Tyne to Hamburg. Otter was refloated the next day. United States was also damaged.[17][10] In July 1864, the Admiralty Court found Otter to be to blame for the collision. This decision was successfully appealed in February 1865.[43]

10 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 10 March 1864
Ship State Description
Alice Drouchet   France The ship was wrecked in the Old Bahama Channel. She was on a voyage from Havre de Grâce, Seine-Inférieure to Havana, Cuba.[44]
Coral   United Kingdom The schooner ran aground on the Shipwash Sand, in the North Sea off the coast of Suffolk. She floated off and sank with the loss of all hands. She was on a voyage from Cardiff, Glamorgan to Ipswich, Suffolk.[45][46]
Helen   Confederate States of America Departing Charleston, South Carolina, during a gale to run the Union blockade and carry a cargo of cotton to Nassau, Bahamas, the 185-register ton steamer was wrecked on Bowman's Jetty at the entrance to Charleston Harbor. Only one person on board survived.[14][47]
Mary Clark   United Kingdom The brig departed from South Shields, County Durham for Hamburg. No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[48]

11 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 11 March 1864
Ship State Description
Barbara   United Kingdom The sloop was wrecked at Lossiemouth, Moray.[49] Her crew were rescued by the Lossiemouth Lifeboat.[23]
Countess of Cassillis   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at Carlingford, County Louth. She was on a voyage from Dublin to Moville Bay.[50]
Hearts of Oak   United Kingdom The barque was wrecked on the Corton Sand, in the North Sea off the coast of Suffolk.[10]
Julia Baker   United States American Civil War: The schooner was boarded and burned by Confederate guerrillas near Newport News, Virginia, Confederate States of America.[14]
Seagull   United States Carrying a cargo of oysters, the full-rigged ship came ashore on Brigantine Beach near Atlantic City, New Jersey, full of water and with her crew missing.[51]
Unnamed   United Kingdom The ship collided with Empire (  United Kingdom) and sank off Red Wharf Bay, Anglesey.[52]

12 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 12 March 1864
Ship State Description
Waterloo   United Kingdom The ship was wrecked in the Hooghly River. She was on a voyage from Calcutta to Bombay, India.[53]

13 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 13 March 1864
Ship State Description
George   United Kingdom The brig ran aground on Scroby Sands, Norfolk. She was on a voyage from Middlesbrough, Yorkshire to London. She was refloated and resumed her voyage in a leaky condition, having taken on four extra hands.[54]
Queen Bee   United Kingdom The ship ran aground in the Hay River. She was on a voyage from Calcutta, India to London. She was refloated on 27 March and subsequently resumed her voyage.[55][56]
Susan Douglas   United Kingdom The ship was wrecked on "Samma Sanna Island" with the loss of a crew member. She was on a voyage from Hong Kong to Ningpo, China.[57]

14 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 14 March 1864
Ship State Description
Generous   United Kingdom The brig was damaged by fire at Liverpool, Lancashire.[8]
Marion   Confederate States of America American Civil War, Union blockade: The badly leaking 12-to-18-ton schooner was sunk by the gunboat USS Aroostook (  United States Navy) in the Gulf of Mexico off Galveston, Texas, after Aroostook removed her sails, rigging, and cargo of iron and salt. Aroostook had captured her off Velasco, Texas, on 12 March.[58]

15 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 15 March 1864
Ship State Description
British Queen   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore on Bute. She was on a voyage from Glasgow, Renfrewshire to Batavia, Netherlands East Indies and Singapore, Straits Settlements. She was refloated with assistance from the tug Sir Isaac Newton (  United Kingdom) and towed in to Gourock, Renfrewshire.[59]
CSS Countess   Confederate States Navy American Civil War, Red River Campaign: The 198-ton sidewheel paddle steamer ran aground in the Alexandria Falls on the Red River of the South near Alexandria, Louisiana, and was burned by her crew to prevent her capture by advancing Union forces.[14][60]
Falcon   United Kingdom The brig ran aground on the Middelplaat, in the North Sea off the mouth of the Elbe and was abandoned by her crew. She was on a voyage from Sunderland, County Durham to Hamburg.[33][42]
Fanny Bullitt   United States The 438-ton sidewheel paddle steamer struck a snag and sank in the Mississippi River at Napoleon, Arkansas.[61]
Garland   United Kingdom The brig ran aground on the Middelplaat and was abandoned by her crew. She was on a voyage from Northumberland, Northumberland to Hamburg.[33][42]
Klevsdampt   Netherlands The schooner was run down and sunk off Cape Spartel, Morocco by Alabama (  United Kingdom). All seven people on board were rescued by Alabama.[28] Klevsdampt was on a voyage from Amsterdam, North Holland to Naples, Italy.[62]
Sappho   United Kingdom The barque was wrecked in Table Bay. Her crew were rescued by the Cape Town Lifeboat. She was on a voyage from Shanghai, China to London.[63][64]
Sinbad   United Kingdom The schooner was driven ashore near the Point of Ayr Lighthouse, Flintshire.[65] She was on a voyage from Par, Cornwall to Runcorn, Cheshire.[50]

16 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 16 March 1864
Ship State Description
Algorto   Spain The brig caught fire and sank at sea. Her crew took to a boat; they were rescued the next day by the full-rigged ship Childe Harold (  United Kingdom).[66]
Christiana   United Kingdom The ship ran aground on the Kish Bank, in the Irish Sea. She was on a voyage from Liverpool, Lancashire to Galați, Ottoman Empire. She was refloated and put in to Kingstown, County Dublin.[67]
Ellora   United Kingdom The ship was set on fire off Newport, Monmouthshire and was severely damaged. She was on a voyage from Newport to New York, United States. Her crew were arrested.[65][33]
Jardine   France The schooner collided with the steamship Prompt (  United Kingdom) and sank off Calais. She was on a voyage from Caen, Calvados to Dunkerque, Nord.[33][68]
Moss Rose   United Kingdom The ship was damaged by fire at Liverpool, Lancashire.[65]

17 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 17 March 1864
Ship State Description
Aris   United Kingdom The schooner collided with the schooner Susan (  United Kingdom) and was run ashore at São Rocque, São Miguel Island, Azores.[69][70] She was on a voyage from London to "Martel". Although condemned, she was refloated and temporary repairs were made with the intention of taking her to Faial Island or Lisbon, Portugal for permanent repairs.[71]
Cicero   United Kingdom The ship was damaged by fire at Bombay, India.[55]
Highland Mary   United Kingdom The schooner was in collision with the steamship Oscar (  United Kingdom) and was beached on the Thompson Bank, in the Belfast Lough. She was on a voyage from Fleetwood, Lancashire to Belfast, County Antrim.[67] She was refloated the next day.[72]
Magdalina   Duchy of Schleswig The schooner was abandoned in the North Sea. Her crew were rescued by a Swedish vessel. She was on a voyage from Heiligenhafen to Leith, Lothian, United Kingdom.[73][74]
SMS Nymphe   Prussian Navy Second Schleswig War, Battle of Jasmund: The Nymphe-class corvette was damaged in battle off Rügen.
Triumph   United States The schooner was sunk in a collision with Western Metropolis near the Cross Rip Lightship. 2 crew died, survivors rescued by "Western Metropolis".[75][76]

18 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 18 March 1864
Ship State Description
Algorta, and
Hiawatha 		  Spain
  United Kingdom 		The barque Hiawatha was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean in a sinking condition. Her crew got aboard the derelict brig Algorta, which was on fire and had been abandoned. Algorta drove ashore on São Jorge Island, Azores on 22 March with some loss of life. Algorta was on a voyage from Matamoros, Mexico to Liverpool, Lancashire, United Kingdom. Hiawatha was on a voyage from Cardiff, Glamorgan to New York, United States.[71][1]
Frederick   United Kingdom The smack ran aground on the Sunk Sand, in the North Sea off the coast of Essex and sank. Her crew were rescued.[77][68]

19 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 19 March 1864
Ship State Description
Bernard   United Kingdom The ship foundered in the North Sea. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from London to Dordrecht, South Holland, Netherlands.[77]
Gleemaiden   United Kingdom The brigantine was wrecked on a reef (14°50′N 77°32′W / 14.833°N 77.533°W / 14.833; -77.533). She was on a voyage from Savanilla, United States of Colombia to Bremen.[66]
Grace   Jersey The sloop struck the Great Russell Rock and was damaged. She was on a voyage from Havre de Grâce, Seine-Inférieure, France to Guernsey, Channel Islands. She arrived at Guernsey in a sinking condition.[77][68][45]
Grotete   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at Breaksea Point, Glamorgan. She was on a voyage from Liverpool, Lancashire to Jamaica. She was refloated and taken in to Penarth, Glamorgan in a leaky condition.[77][68][45]
William S. Hansell   United Kingdom The barque was driven ashore and wrecked at Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, Confederate States of America. She was on a voyage from Guantánamo, Cuba to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.[78]

20 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 20 March 1864
Ship State Description
Apollo   United Kingdom The schooner ran aground on the Newcombe Sand, in the North Sea off the coast of Suffolk. She was on a voyage from South Shields, County Durham to Maldon, Essex. She was refloated and completed her voyage in a severely leaky condition.[45][52]
Avon   United Kingdom The ship ran aground off Sanlúcar de Barrameda, Spain. She was on a voyage from Sunderland, County Durham to Cádiz, Spain. She was refloated and resumed her voyage.[79]
Betsy   United Kingdom The brig sprang a leak and foundered off Huntcliffe Foot, County Durham. Her crew were rescued by the tug Renown (  United Kingdom). Betsy was on a voyage from Hartlepool, County Durham to London.[42][50]
Rose   United Kingdom The schooner was driven against the pier and wrecked at Macduff, Aberdeenshire. Her crew were rescued.[79] She was on a voyage from Sunderland to Aberdeen.[30]
Spread Eagle   United States The 389-ton sidewheel paddle steamer struck a snag and sank in the Missouri River at either Pickney Bend or Washington, Missouri.[80]
Volunteer   United Kingdom The schooner was wrecked at Macduff. Her crew were rescued.[79]
Zone   Victoria The schooner was wrecked at Newcastle, New South Wales with the loss of three lives.[81]

21 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 21 March 1864
Ship State Description
Clifton   Confederate States of America American Civil War, Union blockade: The 892-bulk-ton sidewheel paddle steamer ran aground on the coast of Texas at Sabine Bar on the west side of Sabine Pass while trying to run the Union blockade. Unable to refloat her, her crew threw her cargo overboard and burned her to prevent her capture by Union forces.[82]
Elizabeth   United Kingdom The brig sprang a leak and was beached at Spurn Point, Yorkshire. She was on a voyage from Hartlepool, County Durham to Bordeaux, Gironde, France.[52][42]
Phœbe Dunbar   New South Wales The ship was destroyed by fire at Sydney.[83]
Wild Pigeon Flag unknown American Civil War, Union blockade: During a blockade-running voyage from Havana, Cuba, to Florida, the 37-ton schooner sank immediately with the loss of one crewman after being rammed amidships by the screw steamer USS Hendrick Hudson (  United States Navy).[14][11]

22 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 22 March 1864
Ship State Description
Acorn   United Kingdom The brig ran aground on the Lappin Sand, off the coast of Denmark. She was refloated and resumed her voyage.[79]
Agamemnon   United Kingdom The ship was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean[84] She was on a voyage from Saint John, New Brunswick to Liverpool, Lancashire.[44] She was discovered on 29 March by Beeston Castle (  United Kingdom) and taken in to Crookhaven, County Cork.[85]
Buffalo   United States American Civil War, Union blockade: Taken as a prize by the barque USS Braziliera (  United States Navy) on 1 February, the sloop was driven high onto a beach on Ossabaw Island on the coast of Georgia, Confederate States of America by a storm.[15]
Emily Flag unknown The schooner ran aground on a beach south of Velasco, Texas, Confederate States of America and quickly filled with sand and water.[86]
Nathaniel   United Kingdom The brig sprang a leak and was beached north of Grimsby, Lincolnshire. She was on a voyage from Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland to London.[87][52][42]
Tomas Joaquin   Spain The ship was wrecked on Bulabadlangen Island, north east of Panay, Spanish East Indies. She was reported to be on a voyage from Glasgow, Renfrewshire, United Kingdom to Cienfuegos, Cuba, or "Zelin".[88][89]

23 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 23 March 1864
Ship State Description
Bezer   United Kingdom The schooner was abandoned off the Outer Hebrides. Her crew were rescued by Philosopher (  United Kingdom).[69][70] Bezer was set afire as she was a danger to shipping.[90] She was on a voyage from Hull, Yorkshire.[37]
Henrica   United States The ship was driven ashore at New York. She was on a voyage from Buenos Aires, Argentina to New York.[91]
Panama   United States The Barque was lost off Rooney Point, Sandy Cape, Fraser Island, off the coast of Queensland, Australia.[92]

24 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 24 March 1864
Ship State Description
Julia Baker   United States American Civil War: The schooner was burned by Confederate guerrillas near Chuckatuck Creek, Virginia.[93]
Maid of the Mist   United Kingdom The ship struck the Runnel Stone and sank. She was on a voyage from London to Cardiff, Glamorgan.[87]

25 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 25 March 1864
Ship State Description
Agenoria   United Kingdom The smack collided with the steamship Norfolk (  United Kingdom) and ran aground at the Landguard Fort, Felixtowe, Suffolk. She was refloated.[30]
Alice Dean   United States The 394-ton sidewheel paddle steamer struck a bank on the Ohio River 10 miles (16 km) below Cincinnati, Ohio, and sank. Jennie Hubbs and Lady Pike (Flags unknown) took off her passengers and cargo. She was later refloated.[94]
Decotah   United States American Civil War: Confederate troops under the command of General Nathan Bedford Forrest burned the 230-ton sternwheel paddle steamer while she was under repair on the Marine Ways at Paducah, Kentucky.[95]
Glenny   United Kingdom The ship departed from Sunderland, County Durham for Calcutta, India. No further trace, presumed foundered with the loss of all hands.[96]
John Land   United States The ship was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean. Her crew survived. She was on a voyage from Newport, Monmouthshire, United Kingdom to New York.[44]
Unidentified schooner Flag unknown American Civil War, Union blockade: Carrying a cargo of salt and leather, the schooner was burned at Swansboro or Morehead City, North Carolina (sources disagree), by a joint Union Army-United States Navy landing party consisting of personnel from the 158th New York Infantry Regiment and the sidewheel paddle steamer USS Britannia (  United States Navy).[14][97]

26 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 26 March 1864
Ship State Description
Howard   United Kingdom The fishing smack was driven ashore and wrecked at Scarborough, Yorkshire. The sole crew member on board was rescued by the Scarborough Lifeboat.[79][48]
Victoire   France The schooner was wrecked on the Libenton Rocks, off "Aberach". She was on a voyage from Marans, Charente-Inférieure to Campbeltown, Argyllshire, United Kingdom.[31]
Vixen   Isle of Man The schooner foundered off Port Erin with the loss of all on board. She was on a voyage from Bordeaux, Gironde, France to Belfast, County Antrim.[98][99][100]
Volunteer   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore and wrecked at Banff, Aberdeenshire. She was on a voyage from Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland to Macduff, Aberdeenshire.[31]

27 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 27 March 1864
Ship State Description
San Sebastián y Habanera   Spain The ship was wrecked at San Sebastián.[101]

28 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 28 March 1864
Ship State Description
Amity   United Kingdom The ship ran aground in the Rangoon River. She was on a voyage from Rangoon, Burma to Cork or Falmouth, Cornwall. She was refloated and resumed her voyage.[102]
Diana   United Kingdom The schooner collided with the brig Rover, the tugs Fury, United States and Universe (all   United Kingdom) and two schooners then ran aground in the River Mersey. She was on a voyage from Glasgow, Renfrewshire to Liverpool, Lancashire. She was refloated and taken in to Liverpool.[100]
Euroclydon   United Kingdom The ship ran aground on the Bembridge Ledge, off the Isle of Wight. She was on a voyage from Sunderland, County Durham to Southampton, Hampshire. She was refloated and resumed her voyage.[100]
J. H. Russell   United States American Civil War: On a voyage to New Orleans, Louisiana, with a cargo of cattle, cotton, hogs, mules, and seed, the 416-ton sidewheel paddle steamer was destroyed at Plaquemine, Louisiana, Confederate States of America, by a fire set by a Confederate agent.[103]
USS Kingfisher   United States Navy American Civil War, Union blockade: The 451-ton barque was wrecked off the coast of South Carolina, California States of America on a shoal on the Combahee Bank in Saint Helena Sound near the south end of Otter Island. She was abandoned on 5 April.[104]
Tempest   United States The 63-ton sternwheel paddle steamer was sunk by ice on the Ohio River at Cincinnati, Ohio.[105]
W. Libbey   United Kingdom The ship ran aground in the Rangoon River. She was on a voyage from Rangoon to Cork or Falmouth. She was refloated and resumed her voyage.[102]
Woodford   United States American Civil War, Red River Campaign: The 487-ton sidewheel Hospital ship was wrecked and sank on the Red River of the South while going over the Alexandria Falls near Alexandria, Louisiana, Confederate States of America.[106]
Unidentified schooner   Confederate States of America American Civil War, Union blockade: Loaded with a cargo of cotton, the schooner was destroyed in Matagorda Bay off the coast of Texas by the armed sidewheel paddle steamer USS Estrella (  United States Navy).[107]

29 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 29 March 1864
Ship State Description
Alert   United Kingdom The brigantine was driven ashore and sank north of Cambois, Northumberland.[91][26] She was on a voyage from the River Tyne to Dundee, Forfarshire.[53]
Avon   United States American Civil War: The full-rigged ship, carrying a cargo of 1,600 tons of guano from Howland Island to Cork, United Kingdom, was captured, used as a gunnery target, and burned in the North Atlantic Ocean (15°11′N 34°25′W / 15.183°N 34.417°W / 15.183; -34.417 (Avon)) by the screw sloop-of-war CSS Florida (  Confederate States Navy).[14][108]
Catharine   Hamburg The schooner was wrecked on the Tille, in the North Sea. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Middlesbrough, Yorkshire to Harburg.[109]
City of New York   United Kingdom The steamship was wrecked on the Daunt Rock, off the coast of County Cork. All 270 people on board were rescued. She was on a voyage from New York, United States to Liverpool, Lancashire.[109][110][111] City of New York broke in two on 19 April during an attempt to refloat her and was a total loss.[112]
Florence   United States The 399-ton steamer struck a snag and sank in the Missouri River near Atchison, Kansas.[113]
Pacific   United Kingdom The steamship collided with a schooner in the Kattegat and was beached at Copenhagen, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Dantzic to Sunderland, County Durham. She was taken in to Copenhagen for repairs.[73][74]

30 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 30 March 1864
Ship State Description
Columbia   United States The 44-ton screw tug burned on the Mississippi River at Memphis, Tennessee.[14][36]
Ellida   Sweden The ship was driven ashore and wrecked at Pillau, Prussia. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Kalmar to Pillau.[37]
Etta   Confederate States of America American Civil War, Union blockade: The schooner, a blockade runner, was destroyed near Cedar Key, Florida, by a boat expedition from the gunboat USS Sagamore (  United States Navy).[14]
Gazelle   United Kingdom The ship caught fire at Londonderry and was scuttled.[91]
Unidentified schooner   Confederate States of America American Civil War, Union blockade: The schooner, a blockade runner, was destroyed near Cedar Key, Florida, by a boat expedition from the gunboat USS Sagamore (  United States Navy).[14]

31 March edit

List of shipwrecks: 31 March 1864
Ship State Description
Camillus   United Kingdom The schooner collided with the barque Henriette (  Netherlands) and sank in the Atlantic Ocean. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to Queenstown, County Cork.[114]
Childe Harold   United Kingdom The full-rigged ship was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean (35°09′N 22°15′W / 35.150°N 22.250°W / 35.150; -22.250). All on board were rescued by the brigantine Fredericke(  Grand Duchy of Oldenburg). Childe Harold was on a voyage from Glasgow, Renfrewshire to Saint Thomas, Virgin Islands.[66]
Osprey   United Kingdom The barque ran aground on the Longsand, in the North Sea off the coast of Essex, and sank. She was on a voyage from Hull, Yorkshire to Quebec City, Province of Canada, British North America. She was refloated with the assistance of the smack Increase (  United Kingdom) and put in to Harwich, Essex.[31][37]
Weaver   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore near Pwllheli, Caernarfonshire. She was on a voyage from "Crunetti" to Porthdinllaen, Caernarfonshire. She was refloated on 2 April and subsequently resumed her voyage.[74]

Unknown date edit

List of shipwrecks: Unknown date in March 1864
Ship State Description
Agricola   United Kingdom The ship foundered off the Outer Hebrides. She was on a voyage from Manila, Spanish East Indies to Liverpool, Lancashire.[39]
Alexandria   United States The full-rigged ship was wrecked in the Rhio Straits.[7]
Archimedes   United Kingdom The steamship was driven ashore and wrecked at Brielle, South Holland, Netherlands.[8]
Banyard   United States The fishing schooner sailed from Gloucester, Massachusetts and vanished, probably sank in a gale on the Georges Bank on the 22-23.[115]
Charles Carrol   United States The fishing schooner sailed from Gloucester, Massachusetts and vanished, probably sank in a gale on the Georges Bank on the 22-23.[116]
Christian   United Kingdom The ship ran aground and was damaged. She was on a voyage from Cardiff, Glamorgan to a port in the Great Belt. She was refloated and put in to Helsingør, Denmark in a leaky condition.[87]
Dennis Hill   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at Odessa. She was refloated.[39]
Ella Brache   United Kingdom The ship was wrecked on the Mateloto Reef. Her crew were rescued by the brig Liberia (  France.[117]
Elvina   United Kingdom The ship was wrecked in the Hooghly River.[98]
Emily   United Kingdom The smack was driven ashore and wrecked on Burr Island. She was on a voyage from Troon, Ayrshire to Llanelly, Glamorgan.[20]
Emma Frances   United States The fishing schooner sailed from Gloucester, Massachusetts on the 22nd and vanished, probably sank in a gale on the 22-23. Lost with all 9 crew.[118]
Exile   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at Runton, Norfolk. She was on a voyage from Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland to Marseille, Bouches-du-Rhône, France. She was refloated on 6 March.[17]
Fairy   United Kingdom The ship was wrecked on the coast of the Cape Colony. She was on a voyage from Hondeklip Bay to Table Bay.[73]
Fleur de Para   France The ship was wrecked at the mouth of the Pará River. She was on a voyage from Havre de Grâce to Maranhão, Brazil.[73]
Flore   France The ship was wrecked before 8 March. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from a French port to Saigon, French Indochina.[70]
Jessie Coffin   United Kingdom The ship ran aground in the Hooghly River. She was on a voyage from Calcutta to Bombay, India. She was refloated on 4 March.[119]
J. G. Dennis   United States The fishing schooner sailed from Gloucester, Massachusetts on the 15th and vanished, probably lost in the gale of March 22-23rd. Lost with all 10 hands.[120][121][122]
Klei Old Amt   Netherlands The ship collided with Alabama (  British North America) and sank off Cape Trafalgar, Spain. She was on a voyage from Amsterdam, North Holland to Naples, Italy.[123][68]
Lady Leigh   United Kingdom The schooner was lost in the "Benin Islands".[8]
Leon   United States The 87-ton sternwheel paddle steamer struck a snag and sank at Burnum, Arkansas.[124]
Liberia   France The brig was driven ashore 12 nautical miles (22 km) from Ningpo, China before 24 March. All on board were rescued by HMS Cockchafer (  Royal Navy).[117]
Light of Home   United States The fishing schooner sailed from Gloucester, Massachusetts on the 15th and vanished, probably sank in a gale on the Georges Bank on the 22-23. Lost with all 9 crew.[125][126][127]
Madras   United Kingdom The ship was lost before 8 March. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Bangkok, Siam to China.[69][70]
Mary Louisa   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore on Faro Point, Sicily, Italy. Her crew were rescued. She was on a voyage from Genoa, Italy to the Levant.[31]
Mathilda Troon   United Kingdom The ship foundered off the coast of Portugal.[8]
Nawadaha   United States The fishing schooner sailed from Gloucester, Massachusetts on the 16th and vanished, probably sank in a gale on the Georges Bank on the 22-23. Lost with all 9 crew.[128]
Norman   United States The ship was destroyed in the Shawnee River before 23 March.[53]
Oliver Burnham   United States The fishing schooner sailed from Gloucester, Massachusetts on the 16th and vanished, probably sank in a gale on the Georges Bank on the 22-23. Lost with all 9 crew.[129]
Premier   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at Mahaica, British Guiana before 26 March. She was on a voyage from Troon to Demerara, British Guiana.[130]
Premium   United Kingdom The brig was abandoned in the North Sea. She was on a voyage from North Shields, Northumberland to Hamburg.[42]
Robert James Haynes   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore between "Sarso" and "Warnholmen". She was on a voyage from Sunderland, County Durham to Copenhagen, Denmark. She was refloated on 17 March and towed in to Mollösund in a sinking condition.[109]
R. E. Spofford   United States The fishing schooner sailed from Gloucester, Massachusetts on the 17th and vanished, probably sank in a gale on the 22-23. Lost with all 10 crew.[131]
Royal Dane   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashorMonte Video, Uruguay. She was refloated and towed in to Monte Video on 27 March by HMS Sheldrake (  Royal Navy).[132][133]
Seine   United Kingdom The ship was driven ashore at Shoreham-by-Sea, Sussex, United Kingdom.[134]
Shipner   United Kingdom The ship was wrecked in the Agger Canal, Denmark. She was on a voyage from Hartlepool, County Durham to Aarhus, Denmark.[135]
Silver Cloud   United Kingdom The ship was wrecked on Hog Island, Bahamas before 14 March. She was on a voyage from Cardiff, Glamorgan to Nassau, Bahamas.[109]
Singapore   United Kingdom The ship capsized and sank in the Rangoon River. She was on a voyage from Rangoon, Burma to Singapore, Straits Settlements.[55]
Star of Peace, and
Susan Vittery 		  United Kingdom Star of Peace was reported missing off São Miguel Island, Azores following a collision with Susan Vittery, which was severely damaged.[7]
St. Nazaire   France The ship was lost whilst on a voyage from Colón to New York. Her crew were rescued.[87]
Susan Douglas   United Kingdom The brig was wrecked at Samasana, off Formosa. Her captain and at least 10 crew survived. The gunboat HMS Bustard (  Royal Navy) picked up the survivors from Samasana.[136][137][138]
William Barnhill   United States Towing barges carrying empty oil barrels, the 149-ton sternwheel towboat struck a canal aqueduct on the Allegheny River near Pittsburgh, and sank.[139]

References edit

Notes edit

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  2. ^ "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury. No. 23335. Edinburgh. 21 April 1864.
  3. ^ "Yankee Clipper's proud prow. Snow Squall bow will be feature piece for Portland museum". Christian Science Monitor. 24 March 1987. ISSN 0882-7729. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
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  5. ^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12343. London. 2 March 1864. p. 7.
  6. ^ a b "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12345. London. 4 March 1864. p. 7.
  7. ^ a b c d "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5020. Liverpool. 11 March 1864.
  8. ^ a b c d e f "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5023. Liverpool. 14 March 1864.
  9. ^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5014. Liverpool. 4 March 1864.
  10. ^ a b c d e f "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12352. London. 12 March 1864. p. 7.
  11. ^ a b Gaines, p. 45.
  12. ^ a b c d "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12346. London. 5 March 1864. p. 6.
  13. ^ a b "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12348. London. 9 March 1864. p. 7.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m usnlp.org Navy Chronology of the Civil War, January-June 1864
  15. ^ a b Gaines, p. 46.
  16. ^ "Liverpool News". Glasgow Herald. No. 7538. Glasgow. 7 March 1864.
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  18. ^ a b "Yarmouth". Bury and Norwich Post. No. 4265. Bury St. Edmunds. 22 March 1864. p. 8.
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  20. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12348. London. 8 March 1864. p. 7.
  21. ^ "General Intelligence". Hull Packet. No. 4131. Hull. 25 March 1864.
  22. ^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury. No. 23300. Edinburgh. 11 March 1864.
  23. ^ a b c "Royal National Lifeboat Institution". Morning Post. No. 28208. London. 6 May 1864. p. 3.
  24. ^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5016. Liverpool. 7 March 1864.
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  26. ^ a b "Marine Intelligence". Newcastle Courant. No. 9876. Newcastle upon Tyne. 8 April 1864.
  27. ^ Gaines, p. 192.
  28. ^ a b "Mail News". Caledonian Mercury. No. 23314. Edinburgh. 28 March 1864.
  29. ^ "Serious Collision in the Humber". Hull Packet. No. 4129. Hull. 11 March 1864.
  30. ^ a b c "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury. No. 23316. Edinburgh. 30 March 1864.
  31. ^ a b c d e "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12370. London. 2 April 1864. p. 6.
  32. ^ "Marine Intelligence". Newcastle Courant Newcastle. No. 9883. Newcastle upon Tyne. 27 May 1864.
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  34. ^ "Dundee Shipping". Dundee Courier. No. 3304. Dundee. 11 March 1864.
  35. ^ Gaines, p. 188.
  36. ^ a b Gaines, p. 93.
  37. ^ a b c d "Shipping Intelligence". Hull Packet. No. 4133. Hull. 8 April 1864.
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  40. ^ Gaines, p. 198.
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  46. ^ "General News". Trewman's Exeter Flying Post. No. 5110. Exeter. 6 April 1864.
  47. ^ Gaines, p. 148
  48. ^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Hull Packet. No. 4132. Hull. 1 April 1864.
  49. ^ "Dundee Shipping". Dundee Courier. No. 3308. Dundee. 16 March 1864.
  50. ^ a b c "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12363. London. 25 March 1864. p. 7.
  51. ^ Gaines, p. 109.
  52. ^ a b c d "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Mercury. No. 23312. Edinburgh. 25 March 1864.
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  61. ^ Gaines, p. 94.
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  63. ^ "Ship News". The Times. No. 24856. London. 26 April 1864. col F, p. 13.
  64. ^ "Cape of Good Hope". The Standard. No. 12389. London. 25 April 1864. p. 3.
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  67. ^ a b "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12357. London. 18 March 1864. p. 6.
  68. ^ a b c d e "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12360. London. 22 March 1864. p. 7.
  69. ^ a b c "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5042. Liverpool. 6 April 1864.
  70. ^ a b c d "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12373. London. 6 April 1864. p. 7.
  71. ^ a b "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12380. London. 14 April 1864. p. 7.
  72. ^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5027. Liverpool. 19 March 1864.
  73. ^ a b c d "Shipping intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5041. Liverpool. 5 April 1864.
  74. ^ a b c "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12372. London. 5 April 1864. p. 7.
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  79. ^ a b c d e "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12366. London. 29 March 1864. p. 7.
  80. ^ Gaines, pp. 107-108.
  81. ^ "Dundee Shipping". Dundee Courier. No. 3360. Dundee. 16 May 1864.
  82. ^ Gaines, p. 167.
  83. ^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12398. London. 5 May 1864. p. 6.
  84. ^ "Shipping Intelligence". Hull Packet. No. 4134. Hull. 15 April 1864.
  85. ^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12383. London. 18 April 1864. p. 7.
  86. ^ Gaines, p. 168.
  87. ^ a b c d "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5031. Liverpool. 24 March 1864.
  88. ^ "Shipping Intelligence". Glasgow Herald. No. 7623. Glasgow. 14 June 1864.
  89. ^ "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12432. London. 14 June 1864. p. 7.
  90. ^ "Shipping Intelligence". Hull Packet. No. 4138. Hull. 13 May 1864.
  91. ^ a b c "Shipping intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5040. Liverpool. 4 April 1864.
  92. ^ "Panama (+1864)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 11 May 2021.
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  94. ^ Gaines, p. 134.
  95. ^ Gaines, p. 135.
  96. ^ "Marine Intelligence". Newcastle Courant. No. 9911. Newcastle upon Tyne. 9 December 1864.
  97. ^ Gaines, p. 132.
  98. ^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5036. Liverpool. 30 March 1864.
  99. ^ "London, Wednesday, March 30". The Standard. No. 12364. London. 30 March 1864. p. 4.
  100. ^ a b c "Mercantile Ship News". The Standard. No. 12364. London. 30 March 1864. p. 7.
  101. ^ "Shipping Intelligence". Liverpool Mercury. No. 5043. Liverpool. 7 April 1864.
  102. ^ a b "Shipping Intelligence". Caledonian Messenger. No. 23351. Edinburgh. 10 May 1864.
  103. ^ Gaines, p. 67.
  104. ^ Gaines, p. 150.
  105. ^ Gaines, p. 137.
  106. ^ Gaines, p. 76.
  107. ^ Gaines, p. 172.
  108. ^ Gaines p. 33.
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Bibliography edit

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