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Introduction Flag of Canada Canada /ˈkænədə/ is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area. Canada's common border with the United States to the south and northwest is the longest in the world. The land that is now Canada was inhabited for millennia by various groups of Aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French expeditions explored, and later settled, along the Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom. This widening autonomy was highlighted by the Statute of Westminster of 1931 and culminated in the Canada Act of 1982, which severed the vestiges of legal dependence on the British parliament. Canada is a federation that is governed as a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II as its head of state. It is a bilingual nation with both English and French as official languages at the federal level. One of the world's highly developed countries, Canada has a diversified economy that is reliant upon its abundant natural resources and upon trade—particularly with the United States, with which Canada has had a long and complex relationship. It is a member of the G7, G-20, NATO, OECD, WTO, Commonwealth, Francophonie, OAS, APEC, and UN. Selected article - The Prince of Wales Trophy, or simply the Wales Trophy, is a National Hockey League (NHL) trophy awarded to the Eastern Conference (formerly the Wales Conference) playoff champions. The trophy is awarded prior to the final series which are the championship games to decide the winner for the Stanley Cup against the Western Conference's champions. The Pittsburgh Penguins are the current holders of the trophy after winning the 2008 Eastern Conference playoffs by eliminating the Philadelphia Flyers in five games. The trophy was first established in the 1923-24 NHL season, for the champion of the NHL playoffs, but it has been the trophy for 8 different accomplishments, which also include being the NHL regular season champions, American Division regular season champions, regular season champions, East Division regular season champions, Wales Conference regular season champions, Wales Conference playoffs champions, and Eastern Conference playoffs champions. The Prince of Wales Trophy was donated by His Royal Highness, the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VIII and the Duke of Windsor), in 1924. It was first presented to the playoff champion of the NHL (replacing the O'Brien Cup) who then went on to face the Western Hockey League (WHL) champion for the Stanley Cup. More information... Featured article Selected biography - Kathy Dunderdale (born February 1952) is a Canadian politician and the tenth and current Premier of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, having served in this capacity since December 3, 2010. Dunderdale was born and raised in Burin, before entering politics she worked as a social worker and ran a consulting company along with her husband. Her first forray into politics was as a member of the Burin town council, where she served as deputy mayor. She was also a Progressive Conservative Party (PC) candidate in the 1993 general election and served as President of the PC Party. In the 2003 general election, Dunderdale was elected as Member of the House of Assembly (MHA) for Virginia Waters. She served in the cabinets of Danny Williams—at various times holding the portfolios of Innovation, Trade and Rural Development and Natural Resources—where she developed a reputation as one of the most high profile members of Williams' cabinets. Dunderdale became premier upon the resignation of Williams and is the leader of the Progressive Conservative Party. Dunderdale is the first female premier in the province's history and the sixth woman to serve as a premier in the history of Canada. Selected images - War of 1812 heroine Laura Secord warns British commander James FitzGibbon of an impending American attack at Beaver Dams. A 1904 postcard showing the Grand Opera House and Majestic Theatre, Adelaide Street, in the current Toronto Theatre District. Standard Theatre, 482 Queen Street West, Toronto, 1906 Parliament Hill home of the federal government in Canada's capital city, Ottawa The mother beaver on the Canadian parliament's Peace Tower The five flowers on the shield each represent an ethnicity: Tudor rose: English; Fleur de lis: French; thistle: Scottish; shamrock: Irish; and leek: Welsh. A political map of Canada showing its 10 provinces and 3 territories The maple leaf is the symbol most associated with Canadian identity. A small sampling of Canadian foods. Clockwise from top left: Montreal-style smoked meat, maple syrup, poutine, Nanaimo bar, butter tart, peameal bacon Köppen climate types of Canada One of the national symbols of Canada, the beaver is depicted on the Canadian five-cent piece and was on the first Canadian postage stamp, c. 1859. Ottawa Jazz Festival inside Rideau Centre, 2008 The Senate chamber within the Centre Block on Parliament Hill A copy of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms "Ye Gude Olde Days" from Hockey: Canada's Royal Winter Game, 1899 At Rideau Hall, Governor General the Viscount Alexander of Tunis (centre) receives the bill finalizing the union of Newfoundland and Canada on March 31, 1949 Monument to Multiculturalism, by Francesco Pirelli in Toronto. Margaret Atwood is a Canadian poet, novelist, literary critic, essayist, inventor, teacher and environmental activist. The Canadarm robotic manipulator in action on Space Shuttle Discovery during the STS-116 mission in 2006 Health care cost rise based on total expenditure on health as percent of GDP. Countries are the United States, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and Canada. The Centre Block of the Canadian parliament buildings on Parliament Hill An animated map showing the growth and change of Canada's provinces and territories since Confederation in 1867 A political cartoon from 1910 on Canada's early European multicultural identity, depicting the French tricolour, the Union Jack, the maple leaf, and fleurs-de-lis. The Indian Chiefs Medal, presented to commemorate the Numbered Treaties of 1871–1921 Fur traders at work as depicted in 1777 by Claude J. Sauthier Linguistic areas of North American Indigenous peoples at the time of European contact Quebec's National Holiday (French: La Fête nationale du Québec) is celebrated annually on June 24, St. John the Baptist Day Ice Hockey being played at McGill University, in Montreal, 1884. The Jack Pine by Tom Thomson. Oil on canvas, 1916, in the collection of the National Gallery of Canada Canada's ice hockey victory at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver Benjamin West's The Death of General Wolfe (1771) dramatizes James Wolfe's death during the Battle of the Plains of Abraham at Quebec. Tree-map of Canada's goods exports in 2014 Soldiers from the Canadian Grenadier Guards in Kandahar Province in Afghanistan, pictured, fought with Dutch soldiers against Afghan insurgents. The Supreme Court of Canada in Ottawa, west of Parliament Hill Prime Minister Trudeau and U.S. President Trump meet in Washington, February 2017 The Mount Meager massif as seen from the east near Pemberton. Summits left to right are Capricorn Mountain, Mount Meager and Plinth Peak. The Quebec City–Windsor Corridor is the most densely populated and heavily industrialized region of Canada, spanning 1,200 kilometres (750 miles). A Canadian war bond poster that depicts an industrious beaver a national symbol of Canada Tom Thomson, The Jack Pine, Winter 1916–17. National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa CBC's English-language master control point, the Canadian Broadcasting Centre, in Toronto Just for Laughs Festival in Montreal, Québec at the Saint-Denis Theatre. Canadian crew of a Sherman tank, south of Vaucelles, France, during the Battle of Normandy in June 1944 The Canadian Delegation to the United Nations Conference on International Organization, San Francisco, May 1945 Aboriginal Peoples Television Network headquarters in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Bill Reid's 1980 sculpture Raven and The First Men; the raven is a figure common to many of Canada's indigenous mythologies Approximately 98% of Canadians can speak either or both English and French:   English – 56.9%   English and French – 16.1%   French – 21.3%   Sparsely populated area ( < 0.4 persons per km2) Symbols of Canada - Acer (maple) is a genus of trees or shrubs. They are variously classified in a family of their own, the Aceraceae, or (together with the Hippocastanaceae) included in the family Sapindaceae. As of April 25, 1996, the maple tree became the national arboreal emblem of Canada... More information... Did you know... - ....that Toronto, Ontario was once known as "Methodist Rome"? ...that the construction of the Édifice Price was originally so criticized that it caused an ordinance prohibiting buildings exceeding 65 feet in Old Québec? ...that Tunnel Mountain has never had a tunnel run through it, and the name is due to an error by Major A.B. Rogers while surveying for the Canadian Pacific Railway? ...that Labatt Park in London, Ontario, is thought to be the oldest continually operating baseball field in the world? ...that Sheenboro, Quebec, started as a trading post on the Ottawa River and has retained its character as a "Little Corner of Ireland"? Selected cuisine - Tourtière du Lac-Saint-Jean, ready to be put into the oven for baking Tourtière (French pronunciation: ​[tuʁ.ˈtjɛʁ], Quebec French: [tuʁ.ˈt͡sjaɛ̯ʁ]) is a Canadian meat pie dish originating from the province of Quebec, usually made with minced pork, veal or beef and potatoes. Wild game is sometimes used. A traditional part of the Christmas réveillon and New Year's Eve meal in Quebec, it is also popular in New Brunswick, and is sold in grocery stores across the rest of Canada, all year long. Tourtière is not exclusive to Quebec. It is a traditional French-Canadian dish served by generations of French-Canadian families throughout Canada and the bordering areas of the United States. In the New England region of the U.S., especially in Maine, Rhode Island, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts (e.g., Chicopee and Attleboro), late 19th and early 20th century immigrants from Quebec introduced the dish. Read more...

In the news 29 July 2019 – List of data breaches Capital One announces that a major data breach occurred on July 19, 2019, by one individual who compromised the data of about 106 million people in the United States and Canada. The Federal Bureau of Investigation have made an arrest after the alleged hacker, 33-year-old Paige Thompson from Seattle, boasted about her actions online. (BBC) Selected panorama - Panoramic view of Mono Cliffs Provincial Park Credit: Giligone Canadian related portals Topics Provinces, cities & historic regions  Canada  Geography of Canada   History of Canada  Canadian Armed Forces   Music of Canada   Sports in Canada   Canadian TV   Roads of Canada  Indigenous peoples of Canada   Arctic   Ontario   Saskatchewan   Calgary   Ottawa   Edmonton   Acadia  New France WikiProject Canada What are Portals? · List of Canadian portals Associated Wikimedia -