Wikipedia

Royal Caribbean International

(Redirected from Michael Bayley)
This article is about the cruise line. For its parent holding company, see Royal Caribbean Group.

Royal Caribbean International (RCI), formerly Royal Caribbean Cruise Line (RCCL), is a cruise line founded in 1968 in Norway and organized as a wholly owned subsidiary of Royal Caribbean Group since 1997.

Royal Caribbean International
FormerlyRoyal Caribbean Cruise Line
(1968–1997)
Company typeSubsidiary
IndustryTourism
Founded1968; 56 years ago (1968) in Norway
Headquarters25°46′31″N 80°10′42″W / 25.7752°N 80.1784°W / 25.7752; -80.1784,

Miami, Florida
,
U.S.
Areas served
Worldwide
Key people
Michael Bayley
(President & CEO)
ServicesCruises
ParentRoyal Caribbean Group
Websitewww.royalcaribbean.com Edit this at Wikidata

Based in Miami, Florida, it is the largest cruise line by revenue and second largest by passengers counts. In 2018, Royal Caribbean International controlled 19.2% of the worldwide cruise market by passengers and 14.0% by revenue.[1]

As of August 2024, the line operates 28 ships; four additional ships are on order and two ships are planned but do not have a launch date.

History

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Royal Caribbean's first ship, Song of Norway

Royal Caribbean Cruise Line was founded in 1968 by three Norwegian shipping companies: Anders Wilhelmsen & Company, I.M. Skaugen & Company, and Gotaas Larsen.[citation needed] The newly created line put its first ship, Song of Norway, into service two years later. A year later, the line added Nordic Prince to the fleet and in 1972 it added Sun Viking. In 1978, Song of Norway became Royal Caribbean's first passenger ship to be lengthened. This was accomplished via the insertion of an 85-foot (26 m) section to the vessel's severed center. Following the success of this work, Nordic Prince was also stretched in 1980. During the stretching of both ships, their sterns were modified to create more open space. In 1982, Royal Caribbean launched Song of America.

 
Royal Caribbean's third ship, Sun Viking

In 1986, Royal Caribbean leased a coastal property in Labadie, Haiti, to be used as a private destination for its guests, renamed as Labadee.[2] After a corporate restructuring in 1988, the line launched Sovereign of the Seas, the largest passenger vessel afloat at the time.[3] That same year, Royal Caribbean also merged with Admiral Cruises.[4] Two years later in 1990, Nordic Empress and Viking Serenade entered service and Royal Caribbean purchased a second private destination, Little Stirrup Cay, an island in the Bahamas, which they branded as CocoCay.[4]

 
Majesty of the Seas and Monarch of the Seas in Nassau, Bahamas

The second and third Sovereign-class cruise ships Monarch of the Seas and Majesty of the Seas were delivered in 1991 and 1992 respectively.

Royal Caribbean went public on the New York Stock Exchange in 1993.

Reorganization and renaming

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In 1997, it merged with the Greek cruise line Celebrity Cruises and changed its name from Royal Caribbean Cruise Line to Royal Caribbean International. At the same time, Royal Caribbean Group was formed as Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. to serve as a holding company that owned both Celebrity Cruises and Royal Caribbean International.

In 2000, Royal Caribbean operated a series of land-and-sea-based "cruise tours" in Alaska, featuring glass-domed train cars to scenic destinations within the state and Canada. Over the next two years, they also introduced cruise tours to destinations throughout Europe.[5]

An even larger class, the Oasis class, featuring Oasis of the Seas and Allure of the Seas, was launched in 2009 and 2010, guaranteeing Royal Caribbean the ship size lead for years to come. In December 2012, Royal Caribbean announced that they had ordered a third Oasis-class cruise ship from STX France, which would be larger than the previous ships in the class.[6] In March 2014, Royal Caribbean announced that they had ordered a fourth Oasis-Class ship from STX France.[7]

In February 2013, Royal Caribbean announced the first two ships of their newest Quantum class, Quantum of the Seas and Anthem of the Seas, which were being built at the Meyer Werft shipyard.[8][9][10] In May of that year, Royal Caribbean announced that they had signed a contract for a third Quantum-class ship for delivery in mid-2016.[11]

In September 2014, Royal Caribbean announced that the third Quantum-class ship would be named Ovation of the Seas,[12] and in February 2015 they announced that the third Oasis-class ship would be named Harmony of the Seas.[13]

In March 2015, Royal Caribbean announced that they had agreed to sell Splendour of the Seas to TUI Cruises in the second quarter of 2016.[14]

In June 2016, Royal Caribbean announced that they had agreed to sell Legend of the Seas to TUI Cruises in the second quarter of 2017.[15]

The company lobbies in various jurisdictions in which it operates. In the United States of America, lobbying expenditure records are held by the Senate Office of Public Records.[16] In South Australia, the company is represented by lobbying company Richardson Coutts Pty Ltd.[17]

In 2017, Royal Caribbean agreed to use Port Everglades as a preferred berth for its Oasis class ships.[18] The new agreement extended the past contract with Port Everglades until 2026, contingent upon a $100 million remodeling of Cruise Terminal 25, and approved by the Broward County Board of County Commissioners.[18]

In December 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Royal Caribbean suspended sailings across its fleet. It also sold Empress of the Seas and Majesty of the Seas,[19][20] with the former going to Cordelia Cruises.[21] As of 12 January 2021, its first and only ship to resume sailing was Quantum of the Seas, which began sailing from Singapore in December 2020 under health and safety regulations formulated by the Singapore government.[22]

On 29 June 2021, Royal Caribbean International's Ovation of the Seas became the first cruise ship to return to the Port of Seattle since the COVID-19 Pandemic began.[23]

Partnerships/capabilities

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In August 2022, the company announced that it would partner with SpaceX to use its Starlink technology across all its ships, in an effort to improve historically weak internet connections. This comes on the heels of the Federal Communications Commission authorizing SpaceX to provide its services to boats, planes, and trucks.[24]

Fleet

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Current fleet

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Since Sovereign of the Seas entered service in 1987, all subsequent Royal Caribbean ships have names ending with the phrase "of the Seas".

Vision class

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Main article: Vision-class cruise ship

The Vision class consists of three pairs of sister ships. Legend and Splendour, built at Chantiers de l'Atlantique, Saint-Nazaire, France have a gross tonnage of approximately 70,000. Grandeur and Enchantment were built at Kvaerner Masa-Yards, Helsinki, Finland and had an original tonnage of approximately 73,000 GT. The final pair, Rhapsody and Vision were also built at Chantiers de l'Atlantique, and have a tonnage of 78,000 GT. In 2005, a 74-foot (23 m) midsection was added to Enchantment of the Seas, bringing its tonnage to over 80,000 GT. All ships of this class feature over 2 acres (8,100 m2) of glass. Royal Caribbean sold both Splendour of the Seas and Legend of the Seas to Marella Cruises. Splendour of the Seas last sailed for Royal Caribbean on 4 April 2016, and the final Legend of the Seas sailing for Royal Caribbean left port on 13 March 2017.[25][26] In October 2019, Royal Caribbean announced a plan to transfer Grandeur of the Seas to Pullmantur Cruises after its last scheduled sailing on 21 March 2021.[27] However, following Pullmantur's filing for bankruptcy, Royal Caribbean later announced in August 2020 that Grandeur would remain in Royal Caribbean's fleet.[28]

Name Year
built 		Gross
tonnage 		Berths Flag Notes Ship image
Double Maximum
Grandeur of the Seas 1996 73,817[29] 1,992[30] 2,440[30]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2012.[31]
 
Rhapsody of the Seas 1997 78,878[32] 1,998[33] 2,416[33]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2012.[34]
 
Enchantment of the Seas 1997 82,910[35] 2,252[36] 2,730[36]   Bahamas Lengthened in 2005. Last renovated in 2013.[37]
 
Vision of the Seas 1998 78,717[38] 2,050[39] 2,514[39]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2013.[40]
 

Voyager class

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Main article: Voyager-class cruise ship

The Voyager-class ships were the largest class of cruise ships in the world when constructed, were the first ships to have an ice rink at sea and the first to have Royal Caribbean's "Royal Promenade" concept, a main thoroughfare extending most of the length of the ship, flanked by bars, cafes, and shopping venues. They were built at Kvaerner Masa-Yards' (now Meyer Turku) facility in Turku, Finland. They have a gross tonnage of around 137,000 tonnes. Activity options onboard all five ships include a basketball court, at least three pools, a mini-golf course, a rock wall, an ice skating rink and, originally, an inline skating track. Navigator of the Seas replaced the inline skating track with a Flowrider surf simulator in 2014, and similar changes are planned for Voyager and Explorer.[41]

Navigator of the Seas and Mariner of the Seas are second-generation Voyager-class vessels, and feature glass stateroom balconies that extend out from the superstructure of the ship and a larger Windjammer buffet area.

Name Year
built 		Gross
tonnage 		Berths Flag Notes Ship image
Double Maximum
Voyager of the Seas 1999 138,194[42] 3,114[43] 3,840[43]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2019.[44]
 
Explorer of the Seas 2000 138,194[45] 3,114[46] 3,840[46]   Bahamas Planned renovation postponed.[47]
 
Adventure of the Seas 2001 138,193[48] 3,114[49] 3,807[49]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2016.[50]
 
Navigator of the Seas 2002 139,999[51] 3,376[52] 4,000[52]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2019.[53]
 
Mariner of the Seas 2003 139,863[54] 3,114[55] 3,807[55]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2018.[56]
 

Radiance class

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Main article: Radiance-class cruise ship

All Radiance-class ships have a gross tonnage of 90,090 and environmentally friendlier gas turbine engines. The Radiance-class ships have over 3 acres (12,000 m2) of glass, glass exterior viewing elevators, over 700 balcony staterooms, two-level glass windowed dining rooms, alternative restaurants, a retractable glass roof over a pool, an outdoor pool, as well as the first self-leveling billiard tables at sea. The Radiance class ships were constructed at Meyer Werft, Papenburg, Germany. Unlike the preceding Voyager class, these ships are built to the Panamax form factor, allowing them to pass through the Panama Canal.

Name Year
built 		Gross
tonnage 		Berths Flag Notes Ship image
Double Maximum
Radiance of the Seas 2001 90,090[57] 2,143[58] 2,466[58]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2011.[59]
 
Brilliance of the Seas 2002 90,090[60] 2,142[61] 2,543[61]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2013.[40]
 
Serenade of the Seas 2003 90,090[62] 2,146[63] 2,476[63]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2012.[64]
 
Jewel of the Seas 2004 90,090[65] 2,112[66] 2,502[66]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2016.[67]
 

Freedom class

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Main article: Freedom-class cruise ship

The Freedom-class ships are lengthened versions of the second-generation Voyager-class ship, and contain a 400-foot (120 m) Royal Promenade mall running much of the length of the ship, an ice skating rink, basketball court, several pools, a mini-golf course, and a rock wall. New features on the Freedom class include the FlowRider surfing simulator, the H2O Zone kids water play area, a boxing ring, and hot tubs cantilevered over the side of the ship. At 154,407 gross tons, the Freedom-class ships were the largest ships in the world from 2006, until the debut of the Oasis class in 2009.[68]

Name Year
built 		Gross
tonnage 		Berths Flag Notes Ship image
Double Maximum
Freedom of the Seas 2006 156,271[69] 3,782[70] 4,515[70]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2020.[71]
 
Liberty of the Seas 2007 155,889[72] 3,798[73] 4,960[73]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2016.[74]
 
Independence of the Seas 2008 155,889[75] 3,634[76] 4,375[76]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2018.[77]
 

Oasis class

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Main article: Oasis-class cruise ship

The Oasis-class ships are some of the largest passenger ships ever built, having surpassed the Freedom-class ships, and are surpassed only by the Icon-class ships. They can accommodate up to 5,400 passengers at double occupancy and they have a maximum capacity of 6,296 passengers. Furthermore, the ships have a gross tonnage of at least 225,282 tons, and cost the line around US$1.4 billion each. The first two ships in the class, Oasis of the Seas and Allure of the Seas,[78][79] were delivered in 2009 and 2010 by STX Europe Turku Shipyard, Finland.[80] The third and fourth ships in the class, Harmony of the Seas and Symphony of the Seas were built at Chantiers de l'Atlantique in Saint-Nazaire, France. They were the first to come with the Ultimate Abyss dry slide.[81] Royal Caribbean International, in conjunction with USA Today, sponsored a contest to name the first two vessels.[78][82][83] In February 2019, Royal Caribbean announced the order of a 6th Oasis class vessel, later named Utopia of the Seas, from Chantiers de l'Atlantique for delivery in 2024 with a double occupancy of 5,714 and gross tonnage of 231,000.

Name Year
built 		Gross
tonnage 		Berths Flag Notes Ship image
Double Maximum
Oasis of the Seas 2009 226,838[84] 5,400[85] 6,780[85]   Bahamas Last renovated in 2019.[86]
 
Allure of the Seas 2010 225,282[87] 5,492[88] 6,780[88]   Bahamas Renovation planned for 2025.[89]
 
Harmony of the Seas 2016 226,963[90] 5,497[91] 6,687[91]   Bahamas
 
Symphony of the Seas 2018 228,081[92] 5,518[92] 6,680[92]   Bahamas
 
Wonder of the Seas 2022[93] 235,600[94] 5,734 6,988   Bahamas  
Utopia of the Seas 2024 236,473[95] 5,668[96]   Bahamas 1st LNG powered Oasis class cruise ship.[97]
 

Quantum class

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Main article: Quantum-class cruise ship

The Quantum-class of ships debuted as the second largest class of cruise ships in the world. The Quantum-class ships were the first ships built for Royal Caribbean by Meyer Werft since the Radiance class and share many features with those ships, including indoor pools with retractable roofs, vast expanses of glass, outdoor seating in the "Windjammer" buffet, and self-leveling pool tables.[98][99] Other distinctive features of the Quantum-class include the "North Star" observation capsule mounted on the end of a 41-meter-long (135 ft) crane arm,[100] "RipCord by iFLY" a skydiving simulator,[101] the three-deck-high Two70° lounge and performance venue at the aft of the ship featuring panoramic windows that convert into projection screens,[102] and the multi-purpose SeaPlex facility which hosts activities such as basketball, roller skating, bumper cars, and a trapeze school.[103] The Quantum class was the first class designed specifically for Dynamic Dining, and feature several separate complementary dining facilities instead of a single main dining room.[104] Each venue will maintain the same menu and staff throughout the cruise.[105] Unlike the earlier Voyager, Freedom, and Oasis class, Quantum-class ships do not feature a Viking Crown Lounge or ice skating rink, and the Royal Esplanade mall down the center of the ship is not featured in the traditional form of Royal Promenades.[106][107]

Five ships, Quantum of the Seas, Anthem of the Seas, Ovation of the Seas, Spectrum of the Seas, and Odyssey of the Seas[108][109][110] were built as of 2021.

Name Year
built 		Gross
tonnage 		Berths Flag Notes Ship image
Double Maximum
Quantum of the Seas 2014 168,666[111] 4,180[111] 4,905[111]   Bahamas Renovation planned for 2024[112]
 
Anthem of the Seas 2015 168,666[113] 4,180[113] 4,905[113]   Bahamas
 
Ovation of the Seas 2016[114] 168,666[115] 4,180[11] 4,905[11]   Bahamas
 
Spectrum of the Seas 2019 169,379[116] 4,246[116] 5,622[116]   Cyprus First Quantum Ultra Class[117] ship
 
Odyssey of the Seas 2021[93][118] 167,704[119] 4,200 5,510[120]   Bahamas 2nd Quantum Ultra-class cruise ship
 

Icon class

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Main article: Icon-class cruise ship

On 10 October 2016, Royal Caribbean and Meyer Turku announced an order to build two ships under the project name "Icon".[121] On 2 July 2019, Royal Caribbean announced an order for a third ship in the "Icon" class.[122][123]

Icon class ships are the largest cruise ships ever constructed. The ships will be powered by liquefied natural gas (LNG), with a gross tonnage of about 250,800 GT.[124] Ships will contain other alternative energy features, like the use of fuel cells to produce electricity and fresh water.[121]

Icon of the Seas was delivered on 27 November 2023, and the second ship, Star of the Seas, is expected to be delivered in 2025.[121][125] The third ship, still unnamed, is planned to be delivered in 2026, one year after Star of the Seas.

In August 2024 an order for a fourth ship to be delivered in 2027 was announced and planned two additional ships.[126]

Name Year
built 		Gross
tonnage 		Berths Flag Notes Ship image
Double Maximum
Icon of the Seas 2023 248,663[127] 5,610[128] 7,600[128]   Bahamas 1st LNG powered ship in the fleet, largest cruise ship in the world by gross tonnage
 

Future fleet

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Name Class Estimated date of completion Current status Gross
tonnage 		Berths Notes Ship image
Double Maximum
Star of the Seas [129] Icon class 2025[93] Keel laid in December 2023[130] 250,800[131] 5,610[131] 2nd LNG powered Icon class.[132]
TBA Icon class 2026[93] Steel cutting started in January 2024 250,800[133] 5,610[133] 3rd LNG powered Icon class.
TBA Icon class 2027[134] Ordered 4th LNG powered Icon class.
TBA[135] Oasis class 2028 Ordered 236,860 5,668 7th Oasis-class cruise ship. 2nd LNG powered Oasis class, sister ship to Utopia of the seas.


A new class of smaller ships, to be named Discovery class, is planned, but not ordered yet.[136][137][138]

Former fleet

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Name Class Year built Duration in service for Royal Caribbean International Current status Gross tonnage Notes Ship image
Song of Norway Song of Norway class 1970 1970–1997 Scrapped in 2013 as the Formosa Queen.[139] 22,945 Lengthened in 1978
 
Nordic Prince Song of Norway class 1971 1971–1995 Scrapped in 2015 as the Pacific[140] 23,149 Lengthened in 1980
 
Sun Viking Song of Norway class 1972 1972–1998 Sold for scrap in 2021. 16,607
 
Song of America Song of America class 1982 1982–1999 Operating as the Celestyal Olympia for Celestyal Cruises 37,584
 
Viking Serenade - 1982 1990–2002 Scrapped in 2018 as the Ocean Gala 1.[141] 40,171 Transferred from Royal Caribbean's subsidiary Admiral Cruises in 1990.
 
Sovereign of the Seas Sovereign class 1987 1988–2008[142] Scrapped in 2020 as the Sovereign 73,192 Largest cruise ship from 1987 to 1990.
 
Monarch of the Seas Sovereign class 1991 1991–2013[143] Scrapped in 2020 as the Monarch 73,192
 
Splendour of the Seas Vision class 1996 1996–2016 Operating as the Marella Discovery for Marella Cruises 69,130[68][144]
 
Legend of the Seas Vision class 1995 1995–2017 Operating as the Marella Discovery 2 for Marella Cruises 69,130[68]
 
Empress of the Seas Empress class 1990 1990–2008

2016–2020[19]

Sold to Cordelia Cruises[21] 48,563 Sailed for Pullmantur Cruises as Empress from 2008 to 2016.
 
Majesty of the Seas Sovereign class 1992 1992–2020[19] Sold to Seajets and renamed Majesty of the Oceans[19] 78,941
 

Private resorts

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Royal Caribbean operates two privately owned resorts that are used as stops on some Caribbean and Bahamas itineraries. They are Labadee, a resort on the northern coast of Haiti, and CocoCay, a private island in the Berry Islands region of the Bahamas. Each resort features canopies for eating, lounge chairs, palm trees, white sand beaches, and a number of activities.

The company is planning to open additional private resorts in Cozumel[145] and Costa Maya[146] in Mexico and on Lelepa Island, Vanuatu in the South Pacific.[147]

Ports of call

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Royal Caribbean operates internationally and has many ports of call.

International ports

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Territory Port[148] City
  Netherlands Port of Amsterdam Amsterdam
  Spain Port of Barcelona Barcelona
  Canada Port of Quebec Quebec
  China Port of Shenzhen Shenzhen
  Sweden Port of Stockholm Stockholm
  Canada Port of Vancouver Vancouver
  New Zealand Port of Auckland Auckland
  China Port of Tianjin Beijing
  Italy Port of Civitavecchia Rome
  Singapore Port of Singapore Singapore
  Australia Port Jackson Sydney
  Italy Port of Venice Venice
  Denmark Port of Copenhagen Copenhagen
  Hong Kong Port of Hong Kong Hong Kong
  Australia Port of Melbourne Melbourne
  China Port of Shanghai Shanghai
  United Kingdom Port of Southampton Southampton
  India Marmagao Port Goa


US ports

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Territory Port[148] City
  Florida Port Everglades Fort Lauderdale
  New Jersey Cape Liberty Bayonne
  Hawaii Honolulu Harbor Honolulu
  Florida Port of Miami Miami
  Washington Port of Seattle Seattle
  Texas Port of Galveston Galveston
  California Port of Los Angeles Los Angeles
  Louisiana Port of New Orleans New Orleans
  California Port of San Diego San Diego
  Alaska Port of Seward Seward
  Maryland Port of Baltimore Baltimore
  Massachusetts Port of Boston Boston
  Florida Port Canaveral Cape Canaveral
  Florida Port Tampa Bay Tampa
  Puerto Rico Port of San Juan San Juan

Awards

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Travel awards include

  • "Best Cruise Line Overall" 2016 by Travel Weekly[149]
  • "Cruise Line of the Year 2018" by Cruisedaily[150]

Incidents and controversies

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As of 2008, Royal Caribbean had 22% of the market share in cruise line operation. Cruise line operators are criticized for using this large economic impact to cut deals with home ports, ports of call, and agencies.[151]

Norovirus outbreaks

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In January 2014, an outbreak of norovirus aboard Explorer of the Seas sickened 689 of 4,237 passengers and crew (16.3%), causing the ship to return to port two days early.[152][153] The outbreak reportedly marked the greatest number of cases of illness aboard a cruise ship in two decades,[154] barely exceeding a 2006 outbreak aboard the Carnival Cruise Lines' Carnival Liberty that sickened 679 of 3,970 passengers and crew (17.1%).[155] Royal Caribbean offered all passengers aboard that cruise a 50% refund of their cruise fare, an additional 50% (plus 10% for each day sick passengers were quarantined) of their cruise fare as a credit towards another cruise, and reimbursed extra travel expenses for guests returning home early.[156]

Docking in Haiti

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In the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, Royal Caribbean continued docking cruise ships at the Labadee resort, located approximately 60 miles from the epicenter of the earthquake, during the ongoing humanitarian crisis. Royal Caribbean vice president John Weis defended the decision, citing relief supplies delivered through the ships and proceeds from the call going towards relief efforts. The decision to continue docking was criticized nonetheless and created concern among passengers.[157][158]

George Allen Smith case

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Main article: Disappearance of George Smith

On 5 July 2005, passengers on board Brilliance of the Seas reported what appeared to be blood on a part of the ship below the passenger balconies. After a search, George Allen Smith was discovered to be missing and thought to have fallen overboard. A criminal investigation into possible foul play was conducted, and a brief press release on the company's investor relations website announced the settlement of the case,[159] later revealed to be more than $1 million.[160]

Environmental record

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In 1998 and 1999, the company was fined US$9 million because one of its ships, Sovereign of the Seas, had repeatedly dumped oily waste into the ocean and tried to hide this using false records, including fake piping diagrams given to the US Coast Guard. Because the company was and is incorporated in Liberia, Royal Caribbean argued that this case was not in the jurisdiction of US courts. Despite their argument, they were unsuccessful.[161]

Whakaari / White Island eruption

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Main article: 2019 Whakaari / White Island eruption

On 9 December 2019, a volcanic eruption occurred killing 21 people from Ovation of the Seas. It occurred on New Zealand's Whakaari / White Island while Ovation was docked in the nearby Port of Tauranga. Despite an increase in seismic activity in preceding weeks, 47 people (including 38 passengers and crew from the ship) were on the island when it erupted.[162][163][164] As of December 10, 2019, 44 of the 47 were injured, missing, or killed.[165] A Royal Caribbean spokesperson said the line was "devastated by today’s events",[166] and the ship remained in port until 10 December to assist with recovery efforts.[167] In April 2020, legal action was commenced in Australia on behalf of relatives and Ovation passengers against Royal Caribbean.[168]

Death of Chloe Rae Margaret Wiegand

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On 7 July 2019, 18-month-old Chloe Rae Margaret Wiegand was dropped to her death from an open window by her grandfather Salvatore Anello on Freedom of the Seas while docked in San Juan, Puerto Rico.[169] He was later arrested on counts of homicide by authorities in Puerto Rico.[170] The family attempted to file a civil suit against Royal Caribbean claiming that Anello did not know the window was open. Royal Caribbean later released several videos from surveillance cameras showing this incident. As of 25 February 2020, Anello took a plea deal with authorities.[171] However, the civil lawsuit was still approved by a judge.[172]

COVID-19 pandemic

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Further information: COVID-19 pandemic on cruise ships

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Miami Herald reported that, after cruises were cancelled worldwide and they had disembarked all passengers, Royal Caribbean Cruises had refused to repatriate many of their crew members due to the associated costs, with many crew members turning to desperate measures, such as hunger strikes, as a result.[173][174]

As part of the Cruise Line International Association (CLIA), Royal Caribbean paused its global sailing operations through 30 April 2021.[175][176][177]

On 16 June 2021, Royal Caribbean International announced that it was delaying the inaugural sailing of their newest cruise liner, Odyssey of the Seas after eight crew members tested positive for SARS-CoV-2–COVID-19. Six of the crew members were without showing signs of symptoms while the other two were experiencing mild symptoms of the disease.[178] The delay was extended until 31 July 2021.[179]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "2018 Worldwide Cruise Line Market Share". cruisemarketwatch.com. Cruise Market Watch. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 26 December 2018.
  2. ^ Dave says (26 November 2009). "Cruise Travel Guide | Labadee Haiti, an Oasis of the Seas port of call | Cruise Accommodations". Planeteyetraveler.com. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
  3. ^ "Sovereign Of The Seas Cruise Ship Will Make Big Waves In Caribbean Travel Notebook". tribunedigital-mcall. Archived from the original on 3 July 2018. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
  4. ^ a b "About Royal Caribbean: Our History". Royal Caribbean Shipboard Careers. Retrieved 20 August 2017.
  5. ^ "Royal Caribbean International And Celebrity Cruises Announce New Land-Tours In Europe". The Free library. Farlex, Inc. Retrieved 4 April 2014.
  6. ^ Royal Caribbean Orders Third Oasis-Class Ship from STX France. Cruise Industry News, 27 December 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
  7. ^ "Royal Caribbean orders fourth Oasis, world's biggest cruise ship". Reuters. 9 May 2014. Archived from the original on 8 September 2014. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
  8. ^ Royal Caribbean announces names for new cruise ships, baltimoresun.com
  9. ^ "Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. : Investor Relations : Press Releases". Rclinvestor.com. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
  10. ^ "Royal Caribbean orders second Sunshine-class cruise ship". Reuters. 29 February 2012. Archived from the original on 16 October 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
  11. ^ a b c Bailey, Ian. "Royal Caribbean Signs Contract For Third Quantum-Class Cruise Ship". Meyer Werft. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
  12. ^ "THREE OF A KIND: OVATION OF THE SEAS TO JOIN QUANTUM CLASS AS THIRD SMARTSHIP". royalcaribbeanpresscenter.com. Retrieved 15 July 2015.
  13. ^ "NEW GENERATION OASIS-CLASS SHIP HARMONY OF THE SEAS UNVEILS NEW THRILLS AND ADVENTURES". royalcaribbeanpresscenter.com. Retrieved 15 July 2015.
  14. ^ "Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. to Sell Splendour of the Seas". royalcaribbeanpresscenter.com. Retrieved 15 July 2015.
  15. ^ "Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd. to Sell Legend of the Seas". royalcaribbeanpresscenter.com. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
  16. ^ "Lobbying Spending Database – Royal Caribbean Cruises, 2016 | OpenSecrets". www.opensecrets.org. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
  17. ^ "New registration form – South Australian register of lobbyists". 17 May 2016.
  18. ^ a b Kalosh, Anne. "Port Everglades plans $100m terminal upgrade for Royal Caribbean". Retrieved 16 May 2018.
  19. ^ a b c d "Royal Caribbean Sells Majesty and Empress of the Seas". www.cruiseindustrynews.com. 16 December 2020. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
  20. ^ "Royal Caribbean Sells Empress and Majesty of the Seas". TravelPulse. Retrieved 19 December 2020.
  21. ^ a b "Rebooted Indian Cruise Line Emerges as Buyer of Empress of the Seas". The Maritime Executive.
  22. ^ "Royal Caribbean Extends Suspension of Cruising Through April". Cruise Industry News. 12 January 2021. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
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