This article needs to be updated. (August 2023) |
The COVID-19 pandemic in Myanmar is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was confirmed to have reached Myanmar on 23 March 2020.[4] On 31 March 2020, the Committee for Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19), headed by First Vice President Myint Swe and made up of members from the various union ministries, was formed by President Win Myint to combat the spread of COVID-19 in the country.[5]
| COVID-19 pandemic in Myanmar | |
|---|---|
| Disease | COVID-19 |
| Virus strain | SARS-CoV-2 |
| Location | Myanmar |
| First outbreak | Wuhan, Hubei, China |
| Index case | Tedim, Chin State[1] |
| Arrival date | 23 March 2020 (4 years, 7 months, 2 weeks and 6 days) |
| Confirmed cases | 643,215[2] |
| Recovered | 608,709 (updated 31 October 2022) [3] |
Deaths | 19,494[2] |
| Fatality rate | 3.03% |
| Vaccinations | |
Although the government rapidly implemented containment measures and public health responses, the country had experienced one of the most severe COVID-19 outbreaks in Southeast Asia by late 2020.[6][7] The UN raised concerns about Myanmar's vulnerability to the pandemic due to its weak healthcare infrastructure following poor investment over six decades of military rule, as well as ongoing internal conflict.[8]
The pandemic greatly disrupted the country's economy and Myanmar's GDP shrank by 5% in 2020.[9] The 2021 coup d'état and subsequent protests and civil disobedience movement, some of which were led by healthcare workers, caused severe disruptions to the country's public health response and deepened its recession.[10][11][12][13] The country's COVID-19 testing system and vaccination deployment are thought to have collapsed in February 2021.[12]
Case details
editThe following is a summary of currently confirmed cases within Myanmar.[14]
| Total Specimens Tested | Laboratory Confirmed Case | Recovered | Deaths | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,475,208 | 141,585 | 130,103 | 3,188 | ||||
| Source: MoHS Last updated: 13 February 2021, 8:00 PM MMT | |||||||
Timeline
editThis section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (March 2021) |
2020
editJanuary
edit30-Jan-2020 Myanmar President's Office on Jan-30 announced the formation of a special committee to tackle the coronavirus chaired by the Union minister for international cooperation and the minister of health and sports.[15]
The announcement was made public on the same day that the first foreign visitor to Myanmar suspected of carrying the virus, a Chinese passenger on a flight from Guangzhou, was identified at Yangon International Airport and taken to a hospital in the city for further observation.[16]
The Central Committee to Prevent, Control and Treat the 2019 Novel Coronavirus was formed one day after the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus outbreak to be a global health emergency.[17]
From 31 January, over 81 suspected cases were reported, in which 79 cases were tested negative. Nonetheless, still over 75 suspected cases remain under quarantine as for March.[18]
February
edit01-Feb-2020 Myanmar suspends Chinese visas on arrival in wake of the coronavirus outbreak in China. The decision comes after a Chinese passenger lands with flu-like symptoms in Yangon, and WHO declares the virus a 'global health emergency'[16]
The Myanmar government evacuated 59 students stranded in the Chinese city of Wuhan on 2 February 2020.[19]
March
editOn 23 March, Myanmar confirmed its first and second COVID-19 cases.[20]
On 24 March, Myanmar launched a community lockdown in one village from Chin State to control the spread of the COVID-19.[21]
On 25 March, Myanmar confirmed its third COVID-19 case.[22]
On 27 March, the Ministry of Health and Sports confirmed one case in Mandalay and another in Yangon.[23]
On 28 March, the Ministry of Health and Sports confirmed 3 new cases, two cases in Yangon and another in Nay Pyi Taw. Among these 3 new cases, one was a 60 years old woman with no recent history of travel to overseas and it was recorded as the first locally transmitted case in Myanmar.[24]
On 29 March, the Ministry of Health and Sports confirmed two more cases in Yangon. Diagnostic patient (Case-10), a 45-year-old Myanmar national, had a close contact with Case-05, and was placed under hospital quarantine on 28 March 2020. His biological specimens were also collected for a COVID-19 laboratory test and the results came back as positive on the next day.[25]
On 30 March, 4 more cases were confirmed. According to an official statement issued by Ministry of Health and Sports, four French tourists who were in close contact with the tour guide (Case-08) were put under quarantine at one of the hotels in Yangon and underwent a series of laboratory tests on 29 March 2020. 3 of them were confirmed positive on the next day (Case-11, Case-12, Case-13) and transferred to Way Bar Gi Specialist Hospital for further treatment. Case-14 is a patient in the northern Shan State. A 24-year-old Myanmar national returned from Bangkok, Thailand to Tachilek, Myanmar and stayed for two nights in Tachilek. On 28 March 2020, he developed severe symptoms of nausea and was admitted to Kyaukme Township Hospital as a monitored patient. His analytical sample was tested and found positive.[26]
On 31 March, the Ministry of Health and Sports confirmed one more case in Yangon. Case-15 is a 45 years old Burmese woman from Bahan Township, Yangon, who works at a private clinic providing healthcare to foreigners. She started having the symptoms of fever, sore throat, and coughing on 27 March 2020 and sought medical attention at the Department of Public Health in Bahan on 30 March 2020. Subsequently, she was referred to West Yangon General Hospital as a suspected case and her lab test results were confirmed as positive on the next day.[27]
29-Mar-2020 Myanmar is no longer allowing the landing of all international commercial passenger flights in all Myanmar airports to prevent the importation of COVID-19 via air travel,[28] according to a March 29 notice from the Department of Civil Aviation (DCA), with reference to a directive from the Ministry of Health and Sports.
April
edit01-Apr-2020 State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi activated her dormant Facebook account to provide people with information about the COVID-19 pandemic in the country.
03-Apr-2020 Aung San Suu Kyi on April 3 warned authorities will prosecute people engaged in hoarding food, as well as those who evade quarantine, saying they violate the existing regulations the government instituted in a bid to fight the deadly COVID-19 pandemic.[29]
Myanmar's second most populous city, Mandalay, stopped entry and exit of all vehicles from April 7, 2020, to April 21, 2020, to boost efforts to restrict travel around the region aimed at preventing the COVID-19 outbreak. The city government will shut down all hotels and guesthouses for the same period, the mayor added. In addition, all shops were shut down from April 7 to 21, except those selling basic commodities and medicine.[30]
The Yangon government on April 3 urged people to stay at home during the 10-day Thingyan Festival holiday, except those who are involved in COVID-19 prevention, control and treatment activities. The Yangon regional government committee on COVID-19 instructed officials of the 45 townships in the region to tell their constituents not to go outside from April 10 to 19, except when buying food and medicines.[31]
Myanmar appealed for help from the international community for medical equipment and supplies as the country stepped up its efforts to prevent a COVID-19 outbreak. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs on Friday, April 3, in a statement to foreign embassies, that aside from medical equipment and supplies, the Health Ministry needs more COVID-19 test kits to boost its surveillance capacity in monitoring persons suspected of having the pneumonia-like disease.[32]
September
editYangon was placed in lockdown in September in response to record increase in cases. This strict stay-at-home order barred all non-essential travel and closed all but essential businesses in the city.[33][34][7]
2021
editMyanmar became one of the first countries in Southeast Asia to begin its vaccination programme in January 2021.[35][36]
After the coup d'état on February 1, testing collapsed and the medical response to COVID-19 in the country became severely hampered as part of the ongoing protests and civil disobedience movement in the country, including from health workers. It is thought that infection rates have been underestimated and vaccination programme slowed since the coup, since daily cases went from around 500-1000 cases to 0-30.[12][13][37][38] The government has been accused of hoarding the supply of oxygen and denying medical aid to its opponents.[39][40]
In July the country set daily record numbers of COVID-19 cases and deaths.[41] A rapid increase in bodies at crematoriums suggest a lack of testing was resulting in many COVID-19 related deaths not being counted.[42] As a result, the government announced a nationwide lockdown and additional holidays from 17 July to 25 July to address the pandemic.[43] Singapore advised its citizens to leave the country before the lockdown took effect.[44]
On 29 November 2021, the Ministry of Health announced the number of COVID-19 infections has risen to 521,931 with a total of 19,097 deaths in the country.[45]
Humanitarian assistance
editVietnam announced it would send $50,000 to Myanmar worth supplies, including medical tests, to aid the Burmese authorities handling the outbreak, becoming the first country to do so.[46] Later, India and China stepped up for vaccines, with China agreed to roll out over 300,000 doses for Myanmar while India also donated 1.5 million doses to the country.[47] Before the coup occurred in February 2021, the International Monetary Fund also sent over 350 million dollars to help Myanmar combat against the pandemic without refund.[48]
On 3 May 2021, China sent over 500,000 vaccines made by Chinese firms Sinovac and Sinopharm to Myanmar, while many Burmese protesters considered it as a sham show and a sign of China's open support to the military junta.[49]
On 19 March 2022, a Chinese delegation visited Myanmar and handed over production technology for Myancopharm COVID-19 vaccines.[50]
Statistics
edit
Graphs
editOverview
editGraphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
New confirmed cases per day in Myanmar
editCases per day
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Confirmed deaths per day in Myanmar
editDeaths per day
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Confirmed recoveries per day in Myanmar
editRecoveries per day
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Case summary
edit
References
edit- ^ "Myanmar's First COVID-19 Patient Recovers, Leaves Hospital". 30 April 2020.
- ^ a b c d e Mathieu, Edouard; Ritchie, Hannah; Rodés-Guirao, Lucas; Appel, Cameron; Giattino, Charlie; Hasell, Joe; Macdonald, Bobbie; Dattani, Saloni; Beltekian, Diana; Ortiz-Ospina, Esteban; Roser, Max (2020–2024). "Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19)". Our World in Data. Retrieved 10 November 2024.
- ^ "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Surveillance Dashboard (Myanmar)". Ministry of Health and Sports (Myanmar). Retrieved 4 December 2021.
- ^ "Myanmar confirms first two coronavirus cases". The Straits Times. 24 March 2020. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
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- ^ Traill, Ashwini Deshpande, Khaing Thandar Hnin, and Tom (1 December 2020). "Myanmar's response to the COVID-19 pandemic". Brookings. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b "Myanmar locks down Yangon region after record jump in COVID cases". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
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- ^ "Myanmar: No confirmed corona cases so far". www.roedl.com. Archived from the original on 23 March 2020. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
- ^ "Myanmar turns back Guangzhou flight". Bangkok Post. 31 January 2020. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
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- ^ "COVID-19 ရောဂါ စောင့်ကြပ်ကြည့်ရှုမှုနှင့်ပတ်သက်၍ သတင်းထုတ်ပြန်ခြင်း (30-3-2020, 07:30 PM)". Ministry of Health and Sports (Myanmar) (in Burmese). 30 March 2020. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
- ^ "COVID-19 ရောဂါ စောင့်ကြပ်ကြည့်ရှုမှုနှင့်ပတ်သက်၍ သတင်းထုတ်ပြန်ခြင်း (31-3-2020, 08:00 PM)". Ministry of Health and Sports (Myanmar) (in Burmese). 31 March 2020. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
- ^ "Countries Affected by Myanmar Coronavirus Entry Restrictions". 30 March 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
- ^ Wunna, Sai (3 April 2020). "Myanmar State Counsellor warns hoarders, quarantine evaders". The Myanmar Times. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
- ^ Aung, Nyan Lynn (3 April 2020). "Mandalay city to halt entry and exit of all vehicles from April 7 to 21". The Myanmar Times. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
- ^ "Myanmar: Officials place additional townships in Yangon Region under stay-home restrictions as of July 9 /update 14". GardaWorld. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
- ^ Takeshima, Hiroyuki (2020). Monitoring the Impact of COVID-19 in Myanmar. International Food Policy Research Institute.
- ^ hermes (22 September 2020). "Myanmar puts Yangon in Covid-19 lockdown for 2 weeks as elections loom". The Straits Times. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ Naing, Shoon (23 October 2020). "'Eating rats': Myanmar's second lockdown drives hunger in city slums". Reuters. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ Naing, Shoon (22 January 2021). "Myanmar receives first batch of COVID-19 vaccines from India". Reuters. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ "More than 380,000 in Myanmar receive COVID-19 vaccine". The Myanmar Times. 5 February 2021. Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ Soe, Zaw Wai; Oo, Maw Maw; Wah, Khine Shwe; Naing, Aye Thiri; Skalicky-Klein, Rosanne; Phillips, Georgina (6 March 2021). "Myanmar's health leaders stand against military rule". The Lancet. 397 (10277): 875. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00457-8. ISSN 0140-6736. PMID 33617775. S2CID 231966247.
- ^ Ratcliffe, Rebecca (28 July 2021). "Myanmar could become Covid 'super-spreader' state, says UN expert". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 28 July 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2021.
- ^ "Doctors accuse Myanmar's military junta of hoarding oxygen as COVID-19 crisis deepens - ABC News". amp.abc.net.au. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- ^ "Battle for oxygen as coup-hit Myanmar faces its most severe Covid outbreak | Myanmar | The Guardian". amp.theguardian.com. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- ^ "Myanmar sees record coronavirus deaths and infections". Reuters. 14 July 2021. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- ^ "Covid and a coup: The double crisis pushing Myanmar to the brink". BBC News. 29 July 2021. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
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- ^ "Singaporeans advised to leave Myanmar while still possible to do so: Embassy". CNA. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
- ^ "COVID-19 cases rise to 521,931 in Myanmar". www.news.cn. Retrieved 29 November 2021.
- ^ Hannah Nguyen (11 April 2020). "Vietnam delivers $50,000 to Myanmar for COVID-19 fighting". Vietnamtimes.org.vn. Retrieved 9 May 2020.
- ^ "Myanmar starts India-made COVID jabs, but China vaccine on hold".
- ^ "Days before coup, IMF sent Myanmar $350 million in emergency aid; no precedent for refund". 3 February 2021.
- ^ "China Donates 500,000 COVID-19 Vaccines to Myanmar Junta". 3 May 2021.
- ^ "Plans are underway to produce 10 million of Myancopharm COVID vaccines". Eleven Media Group Co., Ltd. Retrieved 19 March 2022.
- ^ Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Situation Reports (Myanmar)
External links
edit- Myanmar COVID-19 Cases Tracking Map – Tracking map for COVID-19 confirmed cases in Myanmar
- COVID-19 Myanmar Surveillance Dashboard – CovidMyanmar.com Surveillance Dashboard
- CoronaTracker – Statistics on the coronavirus cases in Myanmar
- Coronavirus COVID-19 Global Cases and historical data by Johns Hopkins University
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