List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions
This is a list of sovereign states and territories by carbon dioxide emissions due to certain forms of human activity, based on the EDGAR database created by European Commission and Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency released in 2018. The following table lists the 1990, 2005 and 2017 annual CO
2 emissions estimates (in Megatonnes of CO
2 per year) along with a list of calculated emissions per km² (in tonnes of CO
2 per year) and emissions per capita (in tonnes of CO
2 per year).
The data only consider carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels and cement manufacture, but not emissions from land use, land-use change and forestry. Emissions from international shipping or bunker fuels are also not included in national figures,[1] which can make a large difference for small countries with important ports. When carbon dioxide emissions from land-use change are factored in, the majority of carbon emissions since 1905 occurred in Asia, Central and Southern America, reflecting the fact that developed nations cleared their forests in earlier centuries.[citation needed] Land-use factors have contributed nearly a third of total cumulative anthropogenic emissions of carbon dioxide since 1850, and until as recently as 1965 was actually a greater source of emissions than the combustion of fossil fuels and production of cement[2]. The methodology for the calculations is public.[3]
The top 10 largest emitter countries account for 67.6% of the world total. Since 2006, China has been emitting more CO
2 than any other country,[4][5][6][7][8] which is due to its heavy use of coal.[9] When looking at CO
2 emissions per person, China's levels are less than half those of the United States (the next largest source of CO
2 emissions) and about one eighth of Palau (the biggest CO
2 emitter per person).[10][11] China and India's emissions have been growing rapidly as emissions from Western countries are on the decline.
Territorial-based emissions do not account for global trade, where emissions may be imported or exported in the form of traded goods. Accordingly, a proportion of the CO
2 produced and reported in Asia and Eastern Europe is for the production of goods consumed in Western Europe and North America.[12]
According to the review of the scientific literature conducted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), carbon dioxide is the most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas.[13] The other major anthropogenic greenhouse gases (methane, nitrous oxide (N2O) and some fluorinated gases (sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and perfluorocarbons (PFCs))[14]:147[15]), are not included in the following list, nor are humans emissions of water vapor (H2O), the most important greenhouse gas, as they are negligible compared to naturally occurring quantities[16].
Per capita CO
2 emissionsEdit
Fossil CO
2 Emissions by country/regionEdit
| Country[18] | Fossil CO 2 Emissions (Mt CO 2/yr) |
Fossil CO 2 Emissions |
2017 – Fossil CO 2 Emissions | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 2005 | 2017 | 2017 (% of world) |
2017 vs 1990: change (%) |
Per Land Area (t CO 2/km²/yr) |
Per Capita (t CO 2/cap/yr) | |
| World | 22,674.116 | 30,049.809 | 37,077.404 | 100.00% | 63.5% | 73 | 4.9 |
| World – International Aviation | 258.941 | 422.777 | 543.381 | 1.47% | 109.8% | n/a | n/a |
| World – International Shipping | 371.804 | 572.169 | 677.248 | 1.83% | 82.2% | n/a | n/a |
| Afghanistan | 2.546 | 1.063 | 11.422 | 0.03% | 348.6% | 18 | 0.3 |
| Albania | 6.583 | 4.196 | 5.026 | 0.01% | -23.7% | 175 | 1.7 |
| Algeria | 65.677 | 98.197 | 159.929 | 0.43% | 143.5% | 67 | 3.9 |
| Angola | 5.851 | 15.975 | 30.876 | 0.08% | 427.7% | 25 | 1.0 |
| Anguilla | 0.006 | 0.014 | 0.028 | 0.00% | 366.7% | 308 | 1.9 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 0.223 | 0.283 | 0.624 | 0.00% | 179.8% | 1,412 | 6.1 |
| Argentina | 112.434 | 165.429 | 209.968 | 0.57% | 86.7% | 76 | 4.7 |
| Armenia | 20.699 | 4.542 | 4.832 | 0.01% | -76.7% | 162 | 1.6 |
| Aruba | 0.297 | 0.470 | 0.959 | 0.00% | 222.9% | 5,328 | 9.1 |
| Australia | 275.408 | 391.590 | 402.253 | 1.08% | 46.1% | 52 | 16.5 |
| Austria | 62.918 | 80.994 | 72.249 | 0.19% | 14.8% | 861 | 8.3 |
| Azerbaijan | 58.077 | 30.485 | 32.544 | 0.09% | -44.0% | 376 | 3.3 |
| Bahamas | 1.524 | 2.068 | 2.997 | 0.01% | 96.7% | 215 | 7.6 |
| Bahrain | 11.988 | 23.388 | 35.775 | 0.10% | 198.4% | 46,643 | 24.0 |
| Bangladesh | 13.868 | 38.834 | 84.546 | 0.23% | 509.6% | 573 | 0.5 |
| Barbados | 0.776 | 2.162 | 3.172 | 0.01% | 308.8% | 7,377 | 11.1 |
| Belarus | 109.069 | 61.396 | 62.340 | 0.17% | -42.8% | 300 | 6.6 |
| Belgium | 115.903 | 118.708 | 104.221 | 0.28% | -10.1% | 3,414 | 9.1 |
| Belize | 0.188 | 0.440 | 0.440 | 0.00% | 134.0% | 19 | 1.2 |
| Benin | 0.415 | 2.839 | 7.097 | 0.02% | 1,610.1% | 62 | 0.6 |
| Bermuda | 0.335 | 0.284 | 0.429 | 0.00% | 28.1% | 7,944 | 7.0 |
| Bhutan | 0.208 | 0.515 | 1.454 | 0.00% | 599.0% | 38 | 1.8 |
| Bolivia | 6.287 | 9.998 | 20.462 | 0.06% | 225.5% | 19 | 1.9 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 24.559 | 16.890 | 25.618 | 0.07% | 4.3% | 500 | 7.3 |
| Botswana | 2.818 | 4.465 | 7.913 | 0.02% | 180.8% | 14 | 3.5 |
| Brazil | 228.603 | 380.765 | 492.791 | 1.33% | 115.6% | 58 | 2.4 |
| British Virgin Islands | 0.026 | 0.032 | 0.149 | 0.00% | 473.1% | 987 | 4.8 |
| Brunei | 3.397 | 5.174 | 6.711 | 0.02% | 97.6% | 1,164 | 15.7 |
| Bulgaria | 82.271 | 52.032 | 49.568 | 0.13% | -39.8% | 447 | 7.0 |
| Burkina Faso | 0.380 | 1.038 | 3.399 | 0.01% | 794.5% | 12 | 0.2 |
| Burundi | 0.210 | 0.307 | 0.289 | 0.00% | 37.6% | 10 | 0.0 |
| Cambodia | 0.407 | 2.686 | 10.560 | 0.03% | 2,494.6% | 58 | 0.7 |
| Cameroon | 7.097 | 5.520 | 9.768 | 0.03% | 37.6% | 21 | 0.4 |
| Canada | 455.827 | 581.267 | 617.301 | 1.66% | 35.4% | 62 | 16.9 |
| Cape Verde | 0.049 | 0.227 | 0.955 | 0.00% | 1,849.0% | 237 | 1.7 |
| Cayman Islands | 0.148 | 0.188 | 0.493 | 0.00% | 233.1% | 1,867 | 8.0 |
| Central African Republic | 0.159 | 0.246 | 0.486 | 0.00% | 205.7% | 1 | 0.1 |
| Chad | 0.268 | 0.383 | 0.925 | 0.00% | 245.1% | 1 | 0.1 |
| Chile | 32.654 | 59.747 | 90.325 | 0.24% | 176.6% | 119 | 5.0 |
| China | 2,397.048 | 6,263.064 | 10,877.218 | 29.34% | 353.8% | 1,133 | 7.7 |
| Colombia | 51.919 | 60.610 | 74.954 | 0.20% | 44.4% | 66 | 1.5 |
| Comoros | 0.049 | 0.115 | 0.206 | 0.00% | 320.4% | 111 | 0.3 |
| Congo | 0.902 | 4.359 | 5.514 | 0.01% | 511.3% | 16 | 1.0 |
| Cook Islands | 0.043 | 0.058 | 0.047 | 0.00% | 9.3% | 199 | 2.7 |
| Costa Rica | 2.913 | 6.306 | 8.138 | 0.02% | 179.4% | 159 | 1.7 |
| Croatia | 25.164 | 23.634 | 17.466 | 0.05% | -30.6% | 309 | 4.2 |
| Cuba | 37.109 | 26.165 | 31.277 | 0.08% | -15.7% | 285 | 2.7 |
| Curaçao | 5.474 | 4.774 | 7.519 | 0.02% | 37.4% | 16,935 | 46.8 |
| Cyprus | 4.540 | 7.883 | 7.035 | 0.02% | 55.0% | 760 | 6.0 |
| Czech Republic | 162.835 | 127.157 | 109.756 | 0.30% | -32.6% | 1,392 | 10.3 |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 3.441 | 2.589 | 3.496 | 0.01% | 1.6% | 1 | 0.0 |
| Denmark | 53.705 | 51.485 | 33.573 | 0.09% | -37.5% | 779 | 5.9 |
| Djibouti | 1.101 | 1.469 | 1.014 | 0.00% | -7.9% | 44 | 1.1 |
| Dominica | 0.033 | 0.035 | 0.122 | 0.00% | 269.7% | 162 | 1.7 |
| Dominican Republic | 8.024 | 19.409 | 23.111 | 0.06% | 188.0% | 475 | 2.1 |
| East Timor | 0.130 | 0.272 | 0.422 | 0.00% | 224.6% | 28 | 0.3 |
| Ecuador | 16.119 | 28.320 | 39.507 | 0.11% | 145.1% | 143 | 2.4 |
| Egypt | 90.783 | 176.329 | 258.668 | 0.70% | 184.9% | 258 | 2.7 |
| El Salvador | 2.633 | 6.905 | 7.857 | 0.02% | 198.4% | 373 | 1.2 |
| Equatorial Guinea | 0.097 | 3.371 | 2.469 | 0.01% | 2,445.4% | 88 | 1.9 |
| Eritrea | 0.214 | 0.688 | 0.737 | 0.00% | 244.4% | 6 | 0.1 |
| Estonia | 38.467 | 19.643 | 17.890 | 0.05% | -53.5% | 396 | 13.7 |
| Eswatini | 0.602 | 1.541 | 1.247 | 0.00% | 107.1% | 72 | 0.9 |
| Ethiopia | 2.390 | 5.327 | 14.900 | 0.04% | 523.4% | 13 | 0.1 |
| European Union | 4,409.339 | 4,249.995 | 3,548.345 | 9.57% | -19.5% | 793 | 7.0 |
| Falkland Islands | 0.013 | 0.016 | 0.038 | 0.00% | 192.3% | 3 | 13.1 |
| Faroe Islands | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.00% | 100.0% | 1 | 23.1 |
| Fiji | 1.028 | 2.174 | 1.440 | 0.00% | 40.1% | 79 | 1.6 |
| Finland | 57.242 | 58.360 | 46.846 | 0.13% | -18.2% | 138 | 8.5 |
| France Monaco |
386.214 | 408.158 | 338.193 | 0.91% | -12.4% | 528 | 5.2 |
| French Guiana | 0.371 | 0.491 | 0.719 | 0.00% | 93.8% | 9 | 2.5 |
| French Polynesia | 0.839 | 0.785 | 0.636 | 0.00% | -24.2% | 153 | 2.2 |
| Gabon | 4.857 | 6.394 | 6.564 | 0.02% | 35.1% | 25 | 3.2 |
| Georgia | 34.745 | 4.979 | 11.558 | 0.03% | -66.7% | 166 | 3.0 |
| Germany | 1,018.097 | 837.284 | 796.529 | 2.15% | -21.8% | 2,230 | 9.7 |
| Ghana | 3.195 | 7.329 | 18.626 | 0.05% | 483.0% | 78 | 0.6 |
| Gibraltar | 0.144 | 0.406 | 0.627 | 0.00% | 335.4% | 104,500 | 18.1 |
| Greece | 79.201 | 104.835 | 72.145 | 0.19% | -8.9% | 547 | 6.5 |
| Greenland | 0.003 | 0.631 | 0.518 | 0.00% | 17,166.7% | 0 | 9.2 |
| Grenada | 0.075 | 0.125 | 0.280 | 0.00% | 273.3% | 814 | 2.6 |
| Guadeloupe | 0.875 | 1.035 | 2.257 | 0.01% | 157.9% | 1,386 | 5.0 |
| Guatemala | 3.874 | 11.674 | 17.760 | 0.05% | 358.4% | 163 | 1.1 |
| Guinea | 1.074 | 1.119 | 2.731 | 0.01% | 154.3% | 11 | 0.2 |
| Guinea-Bissau | 0.196 | 0.289 | 0.409 | 0.00% | 108.7% | 11 | 0.2 |
| Guyana | 0.337 | 0.725 | 1.771 | 0.00% | 425.5% | 8 | 2.3 |
| Haiti | 1.147 | 2.234 | 3.521 | 0.01% | 207.0% | 127 | 0.3 |
| Honduras | 2.351 | 7.806 | 10.562 | 0.03% | 349.3% | 94 | 1.1 |
| Hong Kong | 34.182 | 41.916 | 44.715 | 0.12% | 30.8% | 16,230 | 6.1 |
| Hungary | 71.929 | 59.758 | 50.856 | 0.14% | -29.3% | 547 | 5.2 |
| Iceland | 2.346 | 3.170 | 4.097 | 0.01% | 74.6% | 40 | 12.2 |
| India | 605.968 | 1,210.754 | 2,454.774 | 6.62% | 305.1% | 747 | 1.8 |
| Indonesia | 162.000 | 359.989 | 511.327 | 1.38% | 215.6% | 268 | 1.9 |
| Iran | 206.780 | 467.905 | 671.450 | 1.81% | 224.7% | 407 | 8.3 |
| Iraq | 69.262 | 89.103 | 199.296 | 0.54% | 187.7% | 455 | 5.2 |
| Ireland | 32.852 | 47.277 | 38.914 | 0.10% | 18.5% | 554 | 8.2 |
| Israel | 35.291 | 62.149 | 66.916 | 0.18% | 89.6% | 3,222 | 8.0 |
| Italy San Marino Vatican City |
430.762 | 498.205 | 361.176 | 0.97% | -16.2% | 1,198 | 6.1 |
| Ivory Coast | 3.020 | 6.392 | 12.505 | 0.03% | 314.1% | 39 | 0.5 |
| Jamaica | 7.525 | 10.631 | 7.546 | 0.02% | 0.3% | 687 | 2.6 |
| Japan | 1,149.400 | 1,276.863 | 1,320.776 | 3.56% | 14.9% | 3,494 | 10.4 |
| Jordan | 10.208 | 19.755 | 24.565 | 0.07% | 140.6% | 275 | 2.5 |
| Kazakhstan | 250.382 | 182.369 | 266.207 | 0.72% | 6.3% | 98 | 14.6 |
| Kenya | 6.467 | 8.787 | 18.594 | 0.05% | 187.5% | 32 | 0.4 |
| Kiribati | 0.020 | 0.033 | 0.030 | 0.00% | 50.0% | 37 | 0.3 |
| Kuwait | 31.414 | 75.218 | 97.151 | 0.26% | 209.3% | 5,452 | 23.5 |
| Kyrgyzstan | 23.696 | 5.475 | 11.180 | 0.03% | -52.8% | 56 | 1.8 |
| Laos | 0.211 | 1.038 | 2.818 | 0.01% | 1,235.5% | 12 | 0.4 |
| Latvia | 20.141 | 8.242 | 8.049 | 0.02% | -60.0% | 125 | 4.1 |
| Lebanon | 5.977 | 16.505 | 23.102 | 0.06% | 286.5% | 2,210 | 3.8 |
| Lesotho | 0.100 | 0.175 | 0.754 | 0.00% | 654.0% | 25 | 0.3 |
| Liberia | 0.416 | 0.473 | 1.129 | 0.00% | 171.4% | 10 | 0.2 |
| Libya | 37.143 | 56.700 | 57.584 | 0.16% | 55.0% | 33 | 9.0 |
| Lithuania | 35.314 | 14.075 | 15.311 | 0.04% | -56.6% | 234 | 5.3 |
| Luxembourg | 11.750 | 12.156 | 9.540 | 0.03% | -18.8% | 3,689 | 16.4 |
| Macau | 0.982 | 1.624 | 1.280 | 0.00% | 30.3% | 40,895 | 2.1 |
| Madagascar | 0.700 | 2.220 | 4.156 | 0.01% | 493.7% | 7 | 0.2 |
| Malawi | 0.457 | 1.437 | 1.572 | 0.00% | 244.0% | 13 | 0.1 |
| Malaysia | 59.225 | 182.503 | 258.783 | 0.70% | 336.9% | 782 | 8.2 |
| Maldives | 0.065 | 0.479 | 0.964 | 0.00% | 1,383.1% | 3,213 | 2.2 |
| Mali | 0.383 | 0.543 | 0.951 | 0.00% | 148.3% | 1 | 0.1 |
| Malta | 2.352 | 2.769 | 1.876 | 0.01% | -20.2% | 5,937 | 4.4 |
| Martinique | 0.944 | 1.120 | 2.374 | 0.01% | 151.5% | 2,105 | 6.2 |
| Mauritania | 0.684 | 2.911 | 2.962 | 0.01% | 333.0% | 3 | 0.7 |
| Mauritius | 1.191 | 2.977 | 3.993 | 0.01% | 235.3% | 1,957 | 3.2 |
| Mexico | 290.355 | 448.171 | 507.183 | 1.37% | 74.7% | 258 | 3.9 |
| Moldova | 31.957 | 8.139 | 8.263 | 0.02% | -74.1% | 244 | 2.0 |
| Mongolia | 13.151 | 11.083 | 25.747 | 0.07% | 95.8% | 16 | 8.4 |
| Morocco | 22.386 | 44.368 | 61.584 | 0.17% | 175.1% | 138 | 1.7 |
| Mozambique | 1.183 | 2.703 | 7.754 | 0.02% | 555.5% | 10 | 0.3 |
| Myanmar | 4.401 | 11.146 | 28.462 | 0.08% | 546.7% | 42 | 0.5 |
| Namibia | 1.542 | 2.504 | 4.299 | 0.01% | 178.8% | 5 | 1.7 |
| Nepal | 1.066 | 3.298 | 8.218 | 0.02% | 670.9% | 56 | 0.3 |
| Netherlands | 161.447 | 181.433 | 174.770 | 0.47% | 8.3% | 4,176 | 10.3 |
| New Caledonia | 1.623 | 2.453 | 5.912 | 0.02% | 264.3% | 318 | 21.4 |
| New Zealand | 24.006 | 36.746 | 36.795 | 0.10% | 53.3% | 136 | 7.8 |
| Nicaragua | 1.945 | 4.312 | 5.919 | 0.02% | 204.3% | 45 | 1.0 |
| Niger | 0.875 | 0.796 | 2.497 | 0.01% | 185.4% | 2 | 0.1 |
| Nigeria | 68.581 | 100.196 | 94.847 | 0.26% | 38.3% | 103 | 0.5 |
| North Korea | 131.365 | 79.568 | 37.774 | 0.10% | -71.2% | 313 | 1.5 |
| North Macedonia | 11.189 | 9.694 | 8.049 | 0.02% | -28.1% | 313 | 3.9 |
| Norway | 51.454 | 55.403 | 52.492 | 0.14% | 2.0% | 145 | 10.0 |
| Oman | 11.884 | 32.964 | 78.421 | 0.21% | 559.9% | 253 | 16.9 |
| Pakistan | 66.270 | 130.354 | 197.297 | 0.53% | 197.7% | 224 | 1.0 |
| Palau | 2.155 | 1.734 | 1.411 | 0.00% | -34.5% | 3,074 | 64.9 |
| Panama | 2.735 | 7.204 | 12.256 | 0.03% | 348.1% | 163 | 3.0 |
| Papua New Guinea | 2.307 | 4.379 | 4.351 | 0.01% | 88.6% | 9 | 0.5 |
| Paraguay | 2.263 | 3.934 | 6.535 | 0.02% | 188.8% | 16 | 1.0 |
| Peru | 21.039 | 31.692 | 55.931 | 0.15% | 165.8% | 44 | 1.7 |
| Philippines | 43.623 | 81.261 | 137.154 | 0.37% | 214.4% | 457 | 1.3 |
| Poland | 371.139 | 316.256 | 319.028 | 0.86% | -14.0% | 1,020 | 8.4 |
| Portugal | 43.672 | 68.077 | 56.771 | 0.15% | 30.0% | 616 | 5.5 |
| Puerto Rico | 2.064 | 2.272 | 2.164 | 0.01% | 4.8% | 238 | 0.6 |
| Qatar | 16.291 | 43.435 | 97.787 | 0.26% | 500.3% | 8,440 | 37.1 |
| Réunion | 1.010 | 2.367 | 2.916 | 0.01% | 188.7% | 1,161 | 3.3 |
| Romania | 187.142 | 104.713 | 81.131 | 0.22% | -56.6% | 340 | 4.1 |
| Russia | 2,378.921 | 1,733.950 | 1,764.866 | 4.76% | -25.8% | 103 | 12.3 |
| Rwanda | 0.525 | 0.748 | 1.106 | 0.00% | 110.7% | 42 | 0.1 |
| Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | 0.010 | 0.010 | 0.015 | 0.00% | 50.0% | 49 | 3.7 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0.034 | 0.063 | 0.238 | 0.00% | 600.0% | 912 | 4.3 |
| Saint Lucia | 0.076 | 0.158 | 0.364 | 0.00% | 378.9% | 591 | 2.0 |
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 0.148 | 0.031 | 0.075 | 0.00% | -49.3% | 310 | 11.9 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.038 | 0.095 | 0.179 | 0.00% | 371.1% | 460 | 1.6 |
| Samoa | 0.129 | 0.121 | 0.147 | 0.00% | 14.0% | 52 | 0.7 |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | 0.047 | 0.057 | 0.157 | 0.00% | 234.0% | 163 | 0.8 |
| Saudi Arabia | 166.172 | 339.441 | 638.762 | 1.72% | 284.4% | 297 | 19.4 |
| Senegal | 2.397 | 5.800 | 9.689 | 0.03% | 304.2% | 49 | 0.6 |
| Serbia & Montenegro | 66.388 | 61.497 | 62.487 | 0.17% | -5.9% | 612 | 6.6 |
| Seychelles | 0.288 | 0.678 | 0.968 | 0.00% | 236.1% | 2,142 | 10.2 |
| Sierra Leone | 0.741 | 0.493 | 1.309 | 0.00% | 76.7% | 18 | 0.2 |
| Singapore | 31.623 | 42.998 | 55.018 | 0.15% | 74.0% | 76,841 | 9.6 |
| Slovakia | 60.537 | 42.194 | 37.855 | 0.10% | -37.5% | 772 | 6.9 |
| Slovenia | 16.623 | 18.300 | 15.209 | 0.04% | -8.5% | 750 | 7.3 |
| Solomon Islands | 0.133 | 0.187 | 0.146 | 0.00% | 9.8% | 5 | 0.2 |
| Somalia | 0.695 | 0.765 | 0.927 | 0.00% | 33.4% | 1 | 0.1 |
| South Africa | 312.463 | 433.170 | 467.654 | 1.26% | 49.7% | 383 | 8.2 |
| South Korea | 270.056 | 514.946 | 673.324 | 1.82% | 149.3% | 6,719 | 13.2 |
| Spain Andorra |
229.966 | 368.948 | 282.364 | 0.76% | 22.8% | 558 | 6.1 |
| Sri Lanka | 4.187 | 14.421 | 23.978 | 0.06% | 472.7% | 365 | 1.1 |
| Sudan South Sudan |
5.536 | 10.773 | 21.056 | 0.00% | 280.3% | 8 | 0.4 |
| Suriname | 0.908 | 1.686 | 2.213 | 0.01% | 143.7% | 14 | 3.9 |
| Sweden | 58.117 | 55.877 | 50.874 | 0.14% | -12.5% | 113 | 5.1 |
| Switzerland Liechtenstein |
44.955 | 47.161 | 39.738 | 0.11% | -11.6% | 959 | 4.7 |
| Syria | 33.876 | 25.582 | 28.377 | 0.08% | -16.2% | 153 | 1.6 |
| Taiwan | 124.383 | 269.099 | 279.740 | 0.75% | 124.9% | 7,729 | 11.8 |
| Tajikistan | 12.267 | 3.263 | 5.699 | 0.02% | -53.5% | 40 | 0.6 |
| Tanzania | 2.096 | 5.780 | 14.650 | 0.04% | 599.0% | 16 | 0.3 |
| Thailand | 93.009 | 225.613 | 279.296 | 0.75% | 200.3% | 544 | 4.0 |
| The Gambia | 0.149 | 0.235 | 0.554 | 0.00% | 271.8% | 49 | 0.3 |
| Togo | 0.765 | 1.327 | 2.843 | 0.01% | 271.6% | 50 | 0.4 |
| Tonga | 0.064 | 0.120 | 0.136 | 0.00% | 112.5% | 182 | 1.3 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 14.895 | 34.450 | 37.745 | 0.10% | 153.4% | 7,358 | 27.6 |
| Tunisia | 14.705 | 23.355 | 31.630 | 0.09% | 115.1% | 193 | 2.7 |
| Turkey | 149.893 | 246.169 | 429.563 | 1.16% | 186.6% | 548 | 5.3 |
| Turkmenistan | 45.628 | 52.851 | 72.474 | 0.20% | 58.8% | 148 | 12.6 |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | 0.007 | 0.005 | 0.165 | 0.00% | 2,257.1% | 174 | 4.7 |
| Uganda | 0.644 | 1.664 | 5.042 | 0.01% | 682.9% | 21 | 0.1 |
| Ukraine | 783.210 | 354.429 | 205.723 | 0.55% | -73.7% | 341 | 4.7 |
| United Arab Emirates | 56.922 | 122.395 | 202.802 | 0.55% | 256.3% | 2,426 | 21.6 |
| United Kingdom | 589.038 | 561.543 | 379.150 | 1.02% | -35.6% | 1,564 | 5.7 |
| United States | 5,085.897 | 5,971.571 | 5,107.393 | 13.77% | 0.4% | 519 | 15.7 |
| Uruguay | 3.893 | 5.483 | 6.930 | 0.02% | 78.0% | 39 | 2.0 |
| Uzbekistan | 123.106 | 116.386 | 95.350 | 0.26% | -22.5% | 213 | 3.0 |
| Vanuatu | 0.130 | 0.063 | 0.091 | 0.00% | -30.0% | 7 | 0.3 |
| Venezuela | 109.268 | 152.464 | 145.877 | 0.39% | 33.5% | 159 | 4.6 |
| Vietnam | 20.182 | 99.231 | 218.729 | 0.59% | 983.8% | 660 | 2.3 |
| Western Sahara | 0.144 | 0.227 | 0.276 | 0.00% | 91.7% | 1 | 0.5 |
| Yemen | 6.887 | 21.768 | 12.503 | 0.03% | 81.5% | 24 | 0.4 |
| Zambia | 2.955 | 2.457 | 4.967 | 0.01% | 68.1% | 7 | 0.3 |
| Zimbabwe | 17.178 | 11.388 | 12.087 | 0.03% | -29.6% | 31 | 0.7 |
See alsoEdit
- List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions per capita
- List of countries by electricity production from renewable sources
- List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions
- List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions per capita
- List of companies by carbon dioxide emissions per year
General:
Notes and referencesEdit
- ^ Schrooten, L; De Vlieger, Ina; Int Panis, Luc; Styns, R. Torfs, K; Torfs, R (2008). "Inventory and forecasting of maritime emissions in the Belgian sea territory, an activity based emission model". Atmospheric Environment. 42 (4): 667–676. Bibcode:2008AtmEn..42..667S. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.071.
- ^ Oak Ridge National Laboratory. "TRENDS Online - Carbon Flux to the Atmosphere from Land-Use Change". cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
- ^ "EDGAR - Methodology - European Commission". edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
- ^ "China's Emissions: More Than U.S. Plus Europe, and Still Rising". New York Times. 25 January 2018.
- ^ "Chinese coal fuels rise in global carbon emissions". The Times. 14 November 2017.
- ^ "Yes, The U.S. Leads All Countries In Reducing Carbon Emissions". Forbes. 24 October 2017.
- ^ "World carbon dioxide emissions data by country: China speeds ahead of the rest". The Guardian. 31 January 2011.
- ^ "China now no. 1 in CO2 emissions; USA in second position". PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency. Archived from the original on 15 August 2014.
- ^ "Guest post: Why China's CO2 emissions grew 4% during first half of 2019". Carbon Brief. 5 September 2019. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
- ^ Palau at 64.9, US at 15.7, and China at 7.7 tonnes per capita in 2017. See "Fossil CO2 emissions of all world countries - 2018 Report". Publications Office of the European Union. 22 November 2018. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
- ^ Roser, Max; Ritchie, Hannah (11 May 2017). "CO₂ and other Greenhouse Gas Emissions". Our World in Data. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
The key drawback of measuring the total national emissions is that it takes no account of the nation's population size. China is currently the world’s largest emitter, but since it also has the largest population, all being equal we would expect this to be the case. To make a fair comparison of contributions, we have to therefore compare emissions in terms of CO2 emitted per person.
- ^ See the "CO2 embedded in trade" paragraph in Roser, Max; Ritchie, Hannah (11 May 2017). "CO₂ and other Greenhouse Gas Emissions". Our World in Data. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
- ^ IPCC AR5 WG1, 2013: Summary for Policymakers, pp. 13–14. In: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. Read online (pdf). From website : AR5 Synthesis Report: Climate Change 2014. Retrieved 19 January 2020
- ^ Grubb, M. (July–September 2003). "The economics of the Kyoto protocol" (PDF). World Economics. 4 (3). Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 July 2011.
- ^ Lerner & K. Lee Lerner, Brenda Wilmoth (2006). "Environmental issues: essential primary sources". Thomson Gale. Retrieved 11 September 2006.
- ^ "Are our water vapour emissions warming the climate?". Physics World. 15 November 2018. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
- ^ "Where in the world do people emit the most CO2?". Our World in Data. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
- ^ "Fossil CO2 emissions of all world countries - 2018 Report". Publications Office of the European Union. 22 November 2018. Retrieved 10 March 2019.
External linksEdit
The contents of this article comes from the latest figures from the Millennium Development Goals Indicators as of 2009-07-14:
- Millennium Development Goals Indicators – United Nations Statistics Division
- GHG data from UNFCCC – United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions data
- CO2 emissions in kilotons – World Bank
- CO2 emissions in metric tons per capita – Google Public Data Explorer