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Kyiv Independence Day Parade

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The Kyiv Independence Day Parade (Ukrainian: Парад в Києві на честь Дня Незалежності України) has been the main event of various celebrations of the Independence Day of Ukraine, which is celebrated annually in Kyiv on August 24.[1]

Kyiv Independence Day Parade
Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko in a photo with participants of the Kyiv Independence Day Parade in 2018.
GenreMilitary parades
BeginsAugust 24
Frequencyirregular[1][2]
VenueMaidan Nezalezhnosti (Independence Square)
Location(s)Kyiv
Country Ukraine
Inaugurated1994
Previous event2021
Next eventUnknown
Organised byMinistry of Defence

Background of the parades

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The first parade in honor of Independence Day was held on Khreschatyk Street in 1994 on the country's third anniversary.[3] The parade commander was the head of the Kyiv Military District Ivan Bizhan and inspecting the parade was the Defense Minister Vitaly Radetsky.[4] It was then held off and on in different formats. A large-scale aviation show on Independence Day took place at Kyiv Chaika Airfield in 1997, featuring flypasts by personnel of the Ukrainian Air Force.[5] In 1998, the parade included military vehicles for the first time since 1990. The last parade of the century was in 1999.

21st century

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2001

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Russian President Putin and Ukrainian President Kuchma during the Independence Day Parade in 2001.

On its 10th anniversary of independence of 2001, Kyiv held its largest parade at the time. 173 pieces of equipment and 6,530 soldiers took part in the parade.[4] Soldiers, who were dressed in old Cossack uniforms, were also at the parade. A new column of T-84s, took part in the parade for the first time.[4] For the first time, there were parades in Lviv and Vinnytsia, Odessa, Chernihiv and Sevastopol.[4] Russian president Vladimir Putin, Polish president Aleksander Kwaśniewski, and Macedonian president Boris Trajkovski attended the parade. It was inspected by Minister of Defense Oleksandr Kuzmuk.[6]

2003

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The 2003 parade, marking the 12th anniversary of independence, included more than 5,000 soldiers from 16 battalions. The National Anthem was performed by a Ukrainian folk artist Ivo Bobul. Also first time as official title performed the march «Kozatska slava» (Viktor Lisovol [uk]). The parade did not include military equipment. The 2003 Commander was the Chief of the Kyiv Garrison Colonel-General Petro Shulyak. Inspecting the parade was Defense Minister Yevhen Marchuk.

2004

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The 2004 parade did not use military equipment. 19 battalions of soldiers took part in the parade. Officers who participated in the parade received a commemorative badge in honor of the 23rd anniversary of independence. The parade was inspected by Defense Minister Yevhen Marchuk. The commander of the parade was Mukola Petruk.

2008

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Ukrainian BMP-2 infantry fighting vehicles on parade in 2008

This parade was the first one since 2004 due to lack of funds for the parades. This parade celebrated the 17th anniversary of independence. Participating in the parade were 144 ground units, 22 aircraft, 8 helicopters, and over 3.5 thousand troops.[4]

2009

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In 2009, 3,400 soldiers marched on Khreshchatyk in honor of the 18th anniversary of independence. Thirty-five planes, including bombers, attack aircraft and combat helicopters flew over the capital during the parade. The highlight of the parade was the Antonov planes flying overhead. The musical accompaniment was provided by the Massed Bands, which composed of 19 independent bands. Commanding the parade was the Ground Forces of Ukraine Colonel-General Ivan Svyda. The parade was inspected by the Chief of General Staff General of the Army Sergey Kirichenko.

2014

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The 2014 parade was led by Lieutenant-General Anatoly Pushnyakov [uk]. It was inspected by Defense Minister Valeriy Heletey. The capital was lined up with 50 pieces of military equipment, including new models of the BTR-3E and the "Wasp" anti-aircraft gun. More than a thousand troops from the Armed Forces, Interior Ministry and State Border Service took part in the parade.[7][8] 120 of the 1,500 participants were participants in the Anti-Terrorist Operation in Eastern Ukraine.[9] Many denounced the parade as a waste of money and as an inappropriate event during the War in Donbass.[10] There was a moment of silence to remember the "Heavenly Hundred" who died during the Maidan Revolution of 2013 and 2014.[11]

2015

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The parade went without the participation of military vehicles. In President Poroshenko's speech he mentioned the Battle of Ilovaisk and promised to not forgive those responsible. At the same time, he called the Minsk II protocol "uncontested". There were 2,300 soldiers participating in the parade. Fourteen units carried battle flags of honor with the combat banner "For courage and bravery".

2016

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Members of the Polish-Lithuanian-Ukrainian Brigade in on the street during the 2016 parade.

2016 celebrated the 25th anniversary of Ukraine's independence.[12] The parade involved more than 4,000 soldiers of the Armed Forces, and over 200 pieces of military equipment. The parade commander was Lt. General Serhiy Popko. The soldiers paraded in the new model uniforms which incorporate details from the uniforms worn by the Ukrainian People's Army.[13][14] Participants of parade honored the dead Ukrainian heroes. A minute of silence was accompanied by the folk song A Duck is Floating [uk]. The celebrations were attended by the President of Poland Andrzej Duda. Also participating in the parade was the Lithuanian–Polish–Ukrainian Brigade.[15]

Many changes took place in the musical accompaniment, particularly when the German made Unter dem Siegesbanner by Franz von Blon accompanied the march of the foreign delegation, as well as when the traditional Red Cranberry & For Ukraine was replaced by the theme from Ukraine (by Taras Petrynenko) as the presidential fanfare.The opening inspection of troops was also accompanied by a new piece of music which was adapted to fit a military march, Zporiz'kyy March by Mykola Lysenko.[16][17]

2017

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In 2017, the parade celebrated the 26th anniversary of Ukraine's independence.[18][19] 4,500 troops participated in the parade, along with 9 formations from NATO allied countries[20][21][22] The Secretary of Defense of the United States, and the Defense ministers of Georgia, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova, Poland, Montenegro, Estonia, and the United Kingdom attended the ceremony.[citation needed]

Also there was a military equipment exhibition on Mikhaylivska Square.

Also, two other units were given honorary titles: Hetman Ivan Vyhovsky, under whose leadership the Cossacks defeated the Tsardom of Russia army near Konotop in 1659.

2018

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The 2018 parade included a women's battalion for the first time since independence.[23]

The 2018 parade took place on the occasion of the 27th anniversary of Ukraine's independence, as well as the centennial anniversary of the founding of the Ukrainian People's Republic. The parade was expected to demonstrate more than 200 new models military hardware in the mobile column.[24][25][26][27]

The Ukrainian military included a battalion of 120 female military personnel in the parade for the first time since its inception.[28][29] The unit comprised cadets from the Taras Shevchenko National University Military Institute and the Military Institute of Telecommunications and Information Technologies.[23][30] Their appearance as they marched along Khreshchatyk was greeted with loud applause from the spectators.[31]

The parade was also the first to use "Glory to Ukraine" and "Glory to the Heroes" as the official greeting of the parade formations.[32] Similar to the previous year's parade, the parade also included 15 contingents from NATO armed services as an expression of gratitude for their assistance and support to all the men and women of the armed forces, active and reserve.[33] Also, a number of Armed Forces units were granted unit honorifics honoring Ukrainian War of Independence figures and battles and important Ukrainian military heroes.

2019

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The Independence Day in 2019 was celebrated with two separate marches, one of which was unofficial. The new President Volodymyr Zelenskyy refused to hold a military parade,[34] instead which provoked the disagreement of veteran and volunteer organizations. and already on July 10 the preparation of an alternative parade was announced.[35] The active preparation for the alternative parade prompted the President to change his position and announce the preparation of official events called the "March of Dignity".

2021

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According to a 21 October 2020 decree by President Zelensky on Independence Day 2021 a military parade was held on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of Ukrainian independence.[36][37][38] The parade was considered to be, the words of defense minister Andriy Taran, a break from the "Sovietness" of previous parades and a demonstration of the country's "commitment to NATO standards".[39] As part of this, a new way to march was implemented, in which the servicemen have already raising the leg by five centimeters.[40]

The following foreign dignitaries attended the parade:

Many dignitaries attended in connection with the Crimea Platform held the previous day, including representatives of 46 states.

During the preceding ceremony, a theatrical performance referred to as "DNA" presented the history of Ukraine from the Kyivan Rus’ to modern Ukraine the Cossack era, literary Ukraine. At the outset, a 30 meter long flag of Ukraine held by soldiers marched first in front a veterans contingent.[45] Foreign participants in the march-past, fly-past, and a flotilla off the coast of Odesa included Canada, Denmark, Estonia, Georgia, the United Kingdom, and the United States.[46] In the National Guard of Ukraine and border guards contingents, canine units were used for the first time. It demonstrated the latest developments, including the Vilkha multiple rocket launcher, Neptune cruise missile, Hrim-2 ballistic missile and other new and modernized defence equipment, as well as the Turkish UAV Bayraktar TB2.[47] The Ukrainian military also held a military parade on the Dnieper River, outside the one on Khreshchatyk.[48]

Cancelled parade periods

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2005–2007

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By decree of President Viktor Yuschenko in 2005, the parade was cancelled, only to return in 2008 for the 17th anniversary of Ukraine.[49]

2010–2014

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Under the presidency of Viktor Yanukovich, the parade was not held at all.[citation needed]

2019–2020

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See also: Independence Day of Ukraine § 2019, and Independence Day of Ukraine § 2020

On 10 July 2019 Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy announced on Facebook that the 2019 Ukrainian Independence Day celebrations will not include a military parade.[2] Zelensky also stated "We have decided to allocate ₴300 million (nearly $12 million) as bonus payments to our servicemen, i.e. fixed-term soldiers, cadets, sergeants, officers.”[1][2] On Independence Day 2020, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky declared that there should not be military equipment on parade in Kyiv, but on the front line of the War in Donbass "Where it is needed now."[50] Zelensky also stated that there will be a military parade in the future "a parade of Ukrainian victory, when we will return all our people and all our territories."[50] Ukraine lost control of Crimea (due to the 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea) and of territories currently held by the Donetsk People's Republic and Luhansk People's Republic at the start in 2014 of the war in Donbass.[50][51]

2022

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See also: Independence Day of Ukraine § 2022

The parade was cancelled a third time under Zelenskyy due to the ongoing invasion of Ukraine by Russian military, which Independence Day marked six months from the beginning of. Ukraine's Culture Ministry confirmed there would not be any public celebration to mark the holiday,[52] and officials warned civilians against gathering in major cities due to the high likelihood Russia would target celebrations for shelling, with President Zelenskyy stating "Russia may try to do something particularly nasty, something particularly cruel."[53] In substitute to a parade, the remains of numerous Russian military vehicles and artilleries destroyed by Ukrainian troops were displayed along Khreshchatyk.[53][54]

Expanded summary

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As Independence Day is the national independence holiday of Ukraine the celebrations in Kyiv thus serve as a national event to mark the holiday. The celebrations begin as the parade commander (The commander is usually the Commander of the Ukrainian Ground Forces holding the rank of Colonel General) arrives to take his place in the parade and receives the salutes of the Commandant, National Defense University and reviews the formations in attendance.

At 10am the President arrives and personnel of the tri-service Kyiv Presidential Honor Guard Battalion marches in the formation on Independence Square, carrying the Flag of Ukraine to be raised and halts just west of the flagpole to render honors, with the massed bands of the Military Music Directorate of the Armed Forces playing music. The flag is raised to the National Anthem Shche ne vmerla Ukrainy (either with the massed bands plus optional chorus or a capella) and a 21-gun salute is then fired.

The parade then prepares for its inspection by the Minister of Defense. As the vehicle carrying the Minister approaches the Massed Bands, as the Drum Majors and the Senior Director of Music signal the bands to stop playing the parade commander informs him of the readiness of the parade to be reviewed. The bands then resuming the inspection music, the vehicles of the parade commander and the Minister then inspect the formations of the ground column, which present arms with eyes right. As the vehicles stop upon reaching each battalion and the massed bands pause at the orders of the senior director of music, the Minister then addresses the formations assembled:

Minister: Glory to Ukraine!
Troops: Glory to the heroes, sir!
Minister: To the service personnel of the (states unit/formation), I greet you on the occasion of the anniversary of the independence of Ukraine!

A threefold Glory! (Ukrainian: Slava!) is the response of the battalions following the greeting as the music resumes. Following the ground column, the parade commander and Minister then inspect the battalions of the vehicle and gun crews forming up the mobile column, and then return to the saluting base at Independence Square.

After the review finishes, the President, upon receiving the concluding report from the Defense Minister (who is a civilian or holding general of the army rank if military), and the parade being ordered to stand at ease, then addresses the nation. The Prayer for Ukraine is then played afterwards, after which (in recent years) an awards ceremony is held, wherein distinguished servicemen are honored and new colours received by military, police, civil defence and border guard units. As the linemen and markers take their places afterwards, at the same time the colour guard formed from the new colours received on this day takes its position in the line behind the tri-service colour guard in readiness for the march past. After the colour guard is formed, the parade commander then orders the parade to commence the march past in review in the following manner:

Parade... attention! Ceremonial march past!
Form battalions! Distance by a single lineman! Slope... arms!
Eyes to the right, by the left, forward, quick march!

As the parade forms up, as the PC shouts the Ceremonial march past order, the parade's armed units execute high port arms and all the unit color guards execute slope arms and then all the contingents advance in review order at this point and halt without a word of command in the middle of the street turning about. After the final command, the Corps of Drums of the Ivan Bohun Military High School beats a cadence to begin the march past segment, preceded by the parade commander's vehicle and followed by the tri-service colour guard, historical colours and the massed colour guard unit. As the massed bands start playing the Corps of Drums stop playing by the signal of the Corps Drum Major and swings its drumsticks while on the eyes right.

Order of the parade in order of inspection by the Minister of Defense

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Military bands in attendance

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The Central Band of the Military Band Service of the National Guard of Ukraine

Ground march past column

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Guest contingents

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The Royal Regiment of Scotland.
 
The Honor Guard Company of Moldova.
Year Country Unit
2016
2017
2018
2021		   Lithuania
  Poland
  Ukraine 		Lithuanian–Polish–Ukrainian Brigade
2017
2018
2021		   Canada Troops from Operation Unifier
2018
2021[56]		   Czech Republic Honor Guard of the Czech Armed Forces
2021[57]   Denmark Royal Life Guards
2018   Estonia Training regiment of the Estonian Defence Forces
2021   Estonia Guard Battalion/Estonian Defence League[58]
2021[59]   Finland Guard Jaeger Regiment
2017
2018[60]		   Georgia Honour Guard of the National Guard of Georgia[61]
2021   Georgia 2nd Infantry Brigade, Georgian Land Forces
2017
2018
2021		   Latvia Latvian National Armed Forces Staff Battalion
2021   Lithuania Grand Duke Gediminas Staff Battalion
2017[62]   Moldova 22nd Peacekeeping Battalion (led by Major Ianac Deli)
2018
2021		   Moldova Honor Guard Company[63][64][65]
2021[66]   Poland Polish Air Force
2017
2018[67]		   Romania Romanian Armed Forces
2021   Romania Michael the Brave 30th Guards Brigade
2021   Slovakia Honorary Guard of the Slovak Armed Forces[68]
Slovak Air Force
Special Operations Forces
2021[69]   Sweden Life Guards
2017   United Kingdom Royal Regiment of Scotland
2018   United Kingdom Parachute Regiment
2021[70]   United Kingdom Royal Lancers
No. 9 Squadron RAF[71]
2017[72]   United States Oklahoma National Guard's 45th Infantry Brigade Combat Team
2018[73]   United States Tennessee Army National Guard's 278th Armored Cavalry Regiment
2021[74]   United States 81st Stryker Brigade Combat Team,[75] Washington Army National Guard
100th Air Refueling Wing[76]
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    President Poroshenko and the commanders of all parade contingents in front of a banner depicting the logos of all military units in the parade.

Videos

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See also

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References

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    Language Policy and Discourse on Languages in Ukraine Under President Viktor Yanukovych by Michael Moser, ibidem Press, 2013, ISBN 3838204972 (page 102)
    Ukraine military parade marks 25 years of independence, BBC News (24 August 2016)
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