User:Daniel Mietchen/Talks/CoSci12/Wikimedia projects as a source and destination for scholarly publications

This paper is a draft.
At present, it merely transcludes the contents of the slides of the talk,
which will act as a scaffold for drafting the paper.

About

Abstract

Paper

Talk

Q & A

Scholarly wikis

Wikimedia

Open Science

WiR/OS

Licensing

Reuse

Summary

Session 8

Q & A

Notes

Abstract An artistic view of Arsinoitherium zitteli and Bothriogenys fraasi - illustration by Wikipedian Apokryltaros, based on reconstructions in Turner & Anton (2004), which is not licensed to allow reuse in other contexts. Wikis like Wikipedia and its sister projects interact with scholarly resources in multiple ways - they may simply link to, cite or quote them, or suitably licensed scholarly materials may experience a second life when being reused in a new context as part of a Wikimedia project, e.g. on a Wikipedia page or in a Wiktionary entry. Less known is reuse in the other direction: scholarly materials ever more frequently link to, cite or quote from Wikipedia and its sister projects, and in some cases, use content from Wikimedia sources in new contexts. In this contribution, a number of reuse scenarios in both directions shall be outlined. In line with this theme, both the presentation and the paper are being drafted via the WP:COSCI12 page on the English Wikipedia: wiki pages take on the role of slides that serve as an illustrated guide to the reuse of freely licensed materials in scholarly contexts, and the article will then be written up on that basis, incorporating feedback from the discussions at the conference. Introduction Wikis in scholarly communication "[i]nsert statistical method here". Errors happen all the time. Public access helps expose them, and public annotation or public version histories can help alleviate the damage they may have caused. “ Science is already a wiki if you look at it a certain way. It’s just a highly inefficient one — the incremental edits are made in papers instead of wikispace, and significant effort is expended to recapitulate existing knowledge in a paper in order to support the one to three new assertions made in any one paper. ” — John Wilbanks, Publishing science on the web (WebCite copy) Illustration: papers and wikispace Comparison of scholarly journals and wikis   Wikipedia Citizendium Scholarpedia Encyclopedia of Earth Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics PLoS ONE Scope of site All human knowledge All human knowledge Starting out with a few core areas but potentially all scholarly knowledge Earth sciences Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Starting out with biomedicine but potentially all scholarly knowledge Original research No Possibly No No Only Only License CC-BY-SA CC-BY-SA mostly © but also CC-BY-NC-ND and GFDL CC-BY-SA CC-BY CC-BY Review model Public; post publication Public; post publication Public; post publication Non-public; pre publication Public; post technical, pre formal publication Non-public; pre publication Anonymity of authors Default; site-wide No; site-wide No for primary authors, yes for other contributors; per article No No No Anonymity of reviewers Default; site-wide No; site-wide Possible; per article No Possible; per comment Yes Minimal qualification to submit an article for review None Login Invitation or community election, based on specialist expertise Login None None Minimal qualification to review None Generalist expertise (typically PhD) in the field Invitation based on specialist expertise Invitation based on specialist expertise Invitation based on specialist expertise Invitation based on specialist expertise Minimal qualification to modify content before review None Login Login Login None None Minimal qualification to modify reviewed content None Generalist expertise (typically PhD) in the field Approval by curator (typically a well-known expert in the field) Generalist expertise (typically PhD) in the field N.A. N.A. for PDF version; None for annotations Minimal qualification to comment on reviewed content None Login Login Login Login Login Metrics at site/ article/ contributor level Built in but outsourced to reduce server load Built in Built in; see also the site-specific Scholar Index as well as Wikigenes Built in Yes (IF)/ Not public / No Yes (IF)/ Public / No Wikimedia projects Logos of Wikimedia projects, with Wikidata missing. Counterclockwise, starting on top: Wikimania, Wikibooks, Meta-Wiki, Wikiquote, Wikispecies, MediaWiki, Wikimedia Incubator, Wikiversity, Wiktionary, Wikinews, Wikisource, Wikimedia Commons, Wikipedia. Not yet included is Wikidata. Logo of the Wikidata project, a collaboratively editable database from where information can be pulled into infoboxes and other data elements in Wikimedia projects, regardless of language. Overview of Wikimedia projects Wikimedia Foundation's mission: "to empower and engage people around the world to collect and develop educational content under a free license or in the public domain, and to disseminate it effectively and globally" A whole set of collaborative platforms that channel and structure information in different ways. Wikipedia: encyclopedia Wiktionary: dictionary Wikiquote: quotes Wikisource: sources Wikibooks: books Wikimedia Commons Wikispecies: species Wikinews: news Wikiversity: university coursework Wikidata: data Most of them are multilingual. All have their own communities. Lots of interaction between them. Open Research An animated description of what open research is about: scientists sharing their research with the world as soon as they record it for themselves.      Work has begun on an Encyclopaedia of original research, or GitHub for science, along the lines proposed by Beethoven.      Till open platforms become available that cover all of the research cycle, we can put our efforts in opening up its individual components: File:Editable research cycle.svg The research cycle. From the contribution by Oliver Tacke, drafted on-wiki. Wikimedian in Residence on Open Science Project page Main aims: to increase the interaction between the open-access and the Wikimedia communities by improving coverage of open access and related topics on Wikimedia projects increasing the reuse of open-access materials on Wikimedia projects assisting with the open-access policy of the Wikimedia Foundation adding a wiki spin to open-access activities Main results in first year (July 2011- July 2012): WikiProject Open Access started Open Access File of the Day Topic Pages started Open Access Media Importer started WMF response to EU and White House consultations on open access, WMF endorsement of Access2Research; see also RCOM session at Wikimania {{Open access}} started Over 20 talks at wiki or OA meetings The current Open Access File of the Day the beetle Neotermitosocius bolivianus Kanao, T.; Eldredge, K.; Maruyama, M. (2012). "Two new genera and species of the termite symbiont lineage Termitohospitini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae) from Bolivia and peninsular Malaysia". ZooKeys (254): 67–87. doi:10.3897/zookeys.254.4043. PMC 3561922. PMID 23378816. This file is from an openly licensed academic publication and has been reused multiple times on Wikimedia projects. Nominate a file! Use {{OAFD}} Licensing Open licenses are key to allow interaction between Open Access, Open Science and Open Educational Resources. Here, Open signifies that reuse is allowed beyond mere access. Many researchers, editors, educators and institutions struggle with the choice of the proper license, especially with respect to the non-commercial condition Plagiarism is often discussed in terms of copyright violations. This is wrong. Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg's dissertation would still be considered plagiarism if all his unreferenced sources would have been in the public domain. See Session 5 after the coffee break. Extent of plagiarism in Guttenberg's thesis The term open access (OA) is defined in the Budapest Open Access Initiative, which essentially states that the most restrictive licensing scheme that would still be considered OA is what is now known as a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). By that definition, Wikimedia's Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike License (CC BY-SA) is not OA, and content from Wikimedia projects cannot be reused in BOAI-compliant publications. Reuse in the other direction, though, is possible and actually quite common. One way in which it can be highlighted is the Open Access File of the Day. Licensing issues around the 2008 Olympic Games/ IOC objects to Creative Commons license / In current Signpost Even clearly stated licensing conditions are widely ignored Reuse scenarios Citations {{Citation}} {{Cite journal}} {{Cite DOI}} {{Cite PMID}} {{Cite arXiv}} Help:Footnotes Links or references to Wikipedia, Wikisource etc. discuss permalinks Altmetrics Altmetrics, especially Cite-o-Meter ranking of publishers by citations from the English and Vietnamese Wikipedias See also Session 7: Measuring Scholarly Impact Note to self: check whether file-level metrics have been computed in the other tabs Images and media The kind of open-access materials most widely used on Wikimedia projects is figures from scholarly articles. This extends to historic publications, e.g. the benzene formulae from Kekulé's original article that depict the molecule's two resonance structures. However, chemical formulae are nowadays preferentially rendered in editable vector graphics formats like SVG. A page from the lab notebook underlying the experiments described in Lang & Botstein (2011). Different kinds of media are being posted within articles or their supplements. MIME types of supplementary files in the Open Access Subset of PubMed Central Chlorobalius leucoviridis mimicking the song of its prey A gecko swinging back to escape Different kinds of files are being posted in article supplements - most common PDF, most likely to find reuse on Wikipedia are audio and video files. commons:User:Daniel Mietchen/OAFD/10.1186/1471-2148-9-210 OAFD Signpost report BaGLAMa GLAM tools workshop Open Access Media Importer Full text Journal to wiki Legacy materials Antonie van Leeuwenhoek's 1677 report on the discovery of muscle fibres. Original description by Charles Thomas Brues (1924) of the parasitic phorid fly species Apocephalus borealis, which has since been suggested as a possible vector promoting the spread of the pathogens responsible for colony collapse disorder in worker bees. The field notes of Junius Henderson are discussed and semantically annotated in a new study that also provides an introduction to Wikisource and its WikiProject Field Notes as a citizen science project. Examples of scientific documents in the Public Domain and available via Wikimedia Commons. Category:Historical papers from the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London RNA Biology Butler, D. (2008). "Publish in Wikipedia or perish: Journal to require authors to post in the free online encyclopaedia". Nature. doi:10.1038/news.2008.1312. SmY RNA written by authors and reviewed by reviewers of Jones, T. A.; Otto, W.; Marz, M.; Eddy, S. R.; Stadler, P. F. (2009). "A survey of nematode SmY RNAs". RNA Biology. 6 (1): 5–8. doi:10.4161/rna.6.1.7634. PMID 19106623. S2CID 32095624. “ promising method for outreach, connecting the scientific world with the public that usually pays for the research ” — Professor William J. Wedemeyer, wikinews:RNA journal submits articles to Wikipedia Authors get a publication Wikipedia gets new expert-authored and expert-reviewed content Journal gets citation from Wikipedia Cite-o-meter stats for publisher Manual transfer from journal to wiki ZooKeys Penev, L.; Hagedorn, G.; Mietchen, D.; Georgiev, T.; Stoev, P.; Sautter, G.; Agosti, D.; Plank, A.; Balke, M. (2011). "Interlinking journal and wiki publications through joint citation: Working examples from ZooKeys and Plazi on Species-ID". ZooKeys (90): 1–12. doi:10.3897/zookeys.90.1369. PMC 3084489. PMID 21594104. Uses neither Wikipedia nor Wikispecies but Species ID, mainly because of WP:NOR Authors get a publication Species ID gets new expert-authored and expert-reviewed content Automated transfer of taxon treatments from journal to wiki PLoS Computational Biology Signpost coverage Review articles drafted according to the guidelines of both the journal PLoS Computational Biology and the English Wikipedia One already published: Several under way Authors get a publication Wikipedia gets new expert-authored and expert-reviewed content Journal gets citation from Wikipedia Cite-o-meter stats for publisher Manual transfer of taxon treatments from journal to wiki Further journals Modest stimulus funding available for journals wishing to try it out themselves PubMed Central JATS-to-MediaWiki Wiki to journal Mietchen et al. (2011) Wikipedia:WikiProject Medicine/Collaborative publication: from WP:MED to Open Medicine Dengue fever JATS-to-MediaWiki Encyclopaedia of original research Importing Open-Access articles into Wikisource? On-wiki journal Scholarpedia Living Reviews Wiki journal Code Replicable research MediaWiki powers Scholarpedia and many scholarly wikis focus on open-source software provides numerous opportunities for learning by meddling with code Open Data stickers Data WMF's Open data policy Talk about that Open data policy Other reuse scenarios Subject recruitment for sociological research about wikis Wikimedia France Award for best research paper on wikis How Open Access and Open Science can mutually fertilize with Open Educational Resources GLAM-WIKI, e.g. Science GLAM Conclusions Notes These notes are meant to facilitate drafting and will be deleted upon finalization of the article. Ten Simple Rules for Editing Wikipedia Two-way flow possible in some cases, otherwise prevented by license incompatibilities Contribution by Oliver Tacke, drafted on-wiki WP:J2W/WP:W2J/GLAM as a bridge of the gap between journal and wiki? Stimulate a debate about what sets Wikipedia apart from traditional scholarly communication, especially with regard to Journal of the future attribution stacking, e.g. when reusing the Dengue fever article Neuchâtel Herbarium (blog post) WP:TUFTSMED WikiProject view stats License statement for File:Equipes usam técnicas de combate à dengue em Brasília.jpg incorrect in File:English Wikipedia article on Dengue fever - oldid 502061566.pdf (on p. 12) Journal of the future Mention OA reports in GLAM newsletter, incl. frogs layout upgrade; background; code Potential subtitle: Flow of information between Wikimedia projects and scholarly publications Do word clouds of the session 8 papers? arrange slides as in CC BY licensing terms: "to Share — to copy, distribute and transmit the work/ to Remix — to adapt the work" Illustration of the evolution of a Wikipedia article, Heavy Metal Umlaut (since renamed to Metal umlaut) ISMB write-up OAMI stats Change of Impact factor after journal converts to OA Mention plagiarism and Guttenplag & Vroniplag Mention that precursor of WiR was discussed with OII? Discussion from session 1: "there is no science on Wikipedia" key point for tool uptake is integrating tools with scholarly workflows and to design tools such that they are useful even for newbies how to reach out to the public? mention Long Nights Keyboard shortcuts Safari Firefox Some of my research videos Bibliography