User:Allig11/Sports Medicine

Sports medicine
Orthopaedics is a large part of sports medicine, and knee injuries a common theme. Here a subject is having the anterior-posterior laxity of his knee tested.
SystemMusculoskeletal, Cardiovascular
Focus
Sports
especially athletics
Significant diseases
Significant testsMusculoskeletal tests
SpecialistSports physician
GlossaryGlossary of medicine
Sports Medicine Physician
Occupation
Names
  • Physician
Occupation type
Specialty
Activity sectors
Medicine
Description
Education required
Fields of
employment
Hospitals, Clinics

Sports medicine is a branch of medicine that deals with physical fitness and the treatment and prevention of injuries related to sports and exercise. Although most sports teams have employed team physicians for many years, it is only since the late 20th century that sports medicine has emerged as a distinct field of health care. In some countries, Sports medicine (or Sport and Exercise medicine) is a recognized medical specialty (with similar training and standards to other medical specialties), whereas in other countries it is a special interest area, but not an actual specialty.

Scope edit

Sports medicine can refer to the specific medical specialty or subspecialty of Sports Medicines. Sports medicine may is known as Sport and Exercise Medicine (SEM), which is now well established in many countries. It can broadly also refer to doctors and other paramedical practitioners who work in a more broad setting. [ADDED: Sports medicine specialists include a broad range of professions. All sports medicine specialists have one main goal in mind, and that is preventing future injuries and to improve the function of that area to return to everyday life. They work with all different types of people, and not just athletes.] Sports medicine includes a wide range of training, care, treatments, and specialties. The various sports medicine experts often work together as a team to ensure the best recovery plan for the individual. Team members can include orthopedic surgeons, certified athletic trainers, sports physical therapists, physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists, as well as specialty SEM physicians[1]

Specializing in the treatment of athletes and other physically active individuals, sports and exercise medicine (SEM) physicians have extensive education in musculoskeletal medicine. SEM doctors treat injuries such as muscle, ligament, tendon and bone problems, but may also treat chronic illnesses that can affect physical performance, such as asthma and diabetes. SEM doctors also advise on managing and preventing injuries.[citation needed]

SEM consultants also deliver clinical physical activity interventions, negating the burden of disease directly attributable to physical inactivity and the compelling evidence for the effectiveness of exercise in the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of disease.[citation needed]

European templates for SEM specialization generally recommend 4 years of specialist training in all of:

  • internal medicine with special emphasis on cardiology, emergency medicine and clinical nutrition
  • orthopedics and traumatology
  • physical and rehabilitation medicine
  • fellowship at a recognized sports medicine centre.

Establishment as a medical specialty edit

Sports (and Exercise) Medicine (SEM) is now a recognized medical specialty in over 30 countries worldwide, and a recognized subspecialty in many others.[citation needed] [ADDED: Professions that deal with sports injuries can be certified in many different things. Such as, emergency medicine, internal medicine, and family medicine and pediatrics with additional training.]

The Italian version of this page Medicina dello sport states that Sports Medicine societies were first established in Switzerland (1922) followed by: Germany (1924), France (1929) and Italy (1929) (Italian Sports Medicine Federation). Sports medicine was established as a specialty in Italy, the first country to do so, in 1958. The European Union of Medical Specialists has defined necessary training requirements for the establishment of the specialty of Sports Medicine in a given European country.[1] It is a goal of the European Federation of Sports Medicine Associations to eventually establish Sports Medicine as a specialty in all European countries.[2]

In Australia and New Zealand, Sport and Exercise Medicine is a stand-alone medical specialty, with the Australasian College of Sport and Exercise Physicians being one of Australia's 15 recognized medical specialty Colleges.[3]

An anomaly with respect to (medical) specialty recognition of SEM is that it has not yet occurred in some of the countries with very strong pedigrees in academic publication in the Sports Medicine field, including Sweden, Norway and South Africa. Sports medicine is only a subspecialty field rather than stand-alone specialty in the USA and Canada. All of these countries have very strong research publication records in the SEM field.

Country Specialist sports physician association Fully recognized specialty? (Year) Training requirements General sports medicine association
Australia Australasian College of Sport and Exercise Physicians Yes (2009) 4 year training program Sports Medicine Australia
Austria Austrian Society of Sports Medicine (OSMV) Subspecialty[4] 3 year Diploma
Belarus Belarus Sports Medicine Association Yes[5]
Belgium The Belgian Federation of Sport and Exercise Medicine Subspecialty[5] 1 year
Bosnia Herzegovina Sports Medicine Association Bosnia Herzegovina Yes[5] 5 years
Brazil Brazilian Society of Exercise and Sports Medicine Yes[6][7] 3 years
Bulgaria Bulgarian Scientific Society of Sports Medicine and Kinesitherapy Yes[5] 4 years
Canada Canadian Academy of Sport and Exercise Medicine Subspecialty
China No[citation needed] Chinese Association of Sports Medicine
Croatia Croatian Sports Medicine Society Subspecialty of Occupational Medicine
Cuba Yes[8]
Czech Republic Czech Society of Sports Medicine Yes[5] 5 years
Denmark No Danish Association of Sports Medicine
Finland Finnish Society of Sports Medicine Yes[5] 5 years
France Sport and Exercise Medicine French Association (SFMES) Yes[4]
Georgia Georgian Association of Sports Medicine Yes[5]
Germany German Federation for Sports Medicine (DGSM) Subspecialty[4]
Hungary National Institute for Sports Medicine[9] Subspecialty[5]
India Indian Society of Sports and Exercise Medicine (ISSEM)[10] Yes (1987 for PG Diploma & 2013 for MD) [11] 2[12] & 3 years[13] Indian Association of Sports Medicine & Indian Federation of Sports Medicine
Indonesia Indonesia Sports Medicine Association (PDSKO)[14] Yes[15] 3,5 years[15] Indonesian Sports Health Supervisory Association
Ireland Faculty of Sports and Exercise Medicine Yes[16] (2017)
Israel Israel Society of Sports Medicine Yes[17]
Italy Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana (FMSI) Yes[4] (1958) 5 years
Japan Japan Medical Association Certified Sports Health Medical System Yes (1994)[18] The Japanese Federation of Physical Fitness & Sports Medicine
Latvia Latvian Sports Medicine Association Yes[5] 4 years ation
Malaysia College of others (Sports Physician), Academic of Medicine of Malaysia, National Specialist Registrar (NSR) [19] Yes[20] 4 years Malaysian Association of Sports Medicine [21]
Mexico Yes[8]
Netherlands Netherlands Association of Sports Medicine NASM - VSG Yes[5] (2014) 4 years
New Zealand Australasian College of Sport and Exercise Physicians Yes (1998) 4 years Sports Medicine New Zealand
Norway No Norwegian Sports Medicine Association
Poland Yes[22]
Portugal Sociedade Portuguesa de Medicina Desportiva Yes[5]
Qatar ASPETAR Yes
Russia Russian Association of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation of Patients and the Disabled Yes[5] 2 years
Serbia Sport Medicine Association of Serbia Yes 3 years
Slovakia Slovak Society of Sports Medicine Subspecialty (6 years)
Slovenia Slovenian Sports Medicine Association Yes[5]
South Africa No[23] South Africa Sports Medicine Association (SASMA)
South Korea Subspecialty[24] Korean Society of Sports Medicine (KSSM)
Spain SMD (Sociedad Española de Medicina del Deporte) Yes 3 years
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Sports Medicine Association Yes[25] 3 years
Sweden No Swedish Society for Physical Activity and Sports Medicine
Switzerland Swiss Society for Sports Medicine (SGSM) Subspecialty[5]
Turkey Turkish Sports Medicine Association Yes[5]
Ukraine Ukrainian Sport Medicine and Physical Exercises Specialists Association (USMPESA) Yes[5]
United Kingdom Faculty of Sport and Exercise Medicine UK Yes (2006) 4 years British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine
United States of America Subspeciality (1994) of:
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Family Practice
  • Orthopedics
  • Pediatrics
  • Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
1-2 year Fellowships American College of Sports Medicine
Uruguay Yes[8]

Public health edit

SEM physicians are frequently involved in promoting the therapeutic benefits of physical activity, exercise and sport for the individuals and communities. SEM Physicians in the UK spend a period of their training in public health, and advise public health physicians on matters relating to physical activity promotion.[citation needed]

 

Common sports injuries edit

Common sports injuries that can result in seeing a sports medicine specialist are knee and shoulder injuries, fractures, ankle sprains, concussions, cartilage injuries, and more. A sports medicine specialist can also be seen for advice in other areas of health, like nutrition, exercise, supplements, and how to prevent injuries before they occur. A sports medicine specialist works to help make the performance of the athlete more advanced, as well as ensuring their safety while performing the activity.[26] [ADDED: Sports injuries generally affect soft tissue or bones within the body and are commonly treated without surgery.]

[ADDED: Treatment for Sports Injuries edit

Different types of sports injuries require different treatments and major injuries involve surgery, but most do not. Common treatments include medication, such as pain relievers or anti-inflammatory medication, icing, physical therapy, and/or immobilization of the injured area. Physical therapy is used to get the injured area back into regular movements and to reduce the discomfort of the affected area. PRICE is an acronym that is used for the common treatment of these injuries. It stands for protection, rest, ice, compression, and elevation. ]

Allied health team members edit

[ADDED: Different medical professionals for sports injuries require different forms of training, but for sports injuries they mainly all work with the diagnosis and treatment of these injuries. The only difference is that these professionals deal with different types of injuries. All sports medicine professionals work with people of all age ranges, professional athletes, or even adolescents playing any sport. The main two professions for sports injuries include Athletic Trainers and Physical Therapists, also known as Physiotherapists. Listed are different professions and their area of expertise with sports medicine.]

Athletic trainers edit

Athletic trainers are typically part of a sports medicine team in the USA, providing primary care, injury and illness prevention, wellness promotion, emergency care, therapeutic intervention and rehabilitation to injuries.[27] When an athlete is injured, an athletic trainer is key to treatment and rehabilitation working closely with the athlete throughout rehabilitation.[28] [ADDED: Athletic trainers are often the ones who asses the injury first and provide initial care.]

Physiotherapists edit

Physiotherapists (US Physical therapists) are often the primary allied health sports medicine team members in countries other than the USA. Physiotherapists can specialize in many areas with sports physiotherapy being a major subspecialty. [ADDED: Physical therapists are a main factor in the recovery stage of an injury as they set up an individualized recovery plan.]

[ADDED:

Nutritionists edit

Even though Nutritionists are not medical doctors, they are still considered a part of sports medicine as they help people with recent sports related injuries to enhance their nutrition to optimal health. They help to improve functioning by providing advice on nutrition and dieting to return back to physical activity.

Primary Care Doctors edit

Pediatricians and family medicine doctors are sometimes associated with sports injuries. These doctors often refer their patients dealing with a sports injury to other specialists. But they can diagnose and treat injuries that deal with the musculoskeletal. Pediatricians mainly deal with young children and teens.

Orthopedic edit

Orthopedic doctors are linked with sports medicine doctors as they deal with problems associated with bones and muscles. Orthopedic doctors also treat injuries that need surgical treatment to return to normal functioning. More specifically, orthopedic surgeons deal with injuries that can be related to sports.

Chiropractors edit

Chiropractors can be associated with sports medicine as they deal with injuries and pain, specifically in the spinal region. Alignments and adjustments can be done to treat an injury or reduce pain of athletes. Not only do they treat the injury, but they also help to create different treatment plans to prevent further injury.

Podiatrists edit

Podiatrists treat issues related to the foot or ankle, which is a common area where athletes get injuries. They specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of foot related issues by performing tests and referring physical therapists. [29] Podiatrists can also perform surgeries or prescribe medication as forms of treatment. ]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Training Requirements for the Specialty of Sports Medicine" (PDF). European Standards of Postgraduate Medical Specialist Training. UEMS.
  2. ^ "Main Goal". www.efsma.eu. EFSMA.
  3. ^ "Council of Presidents of Medical Colleges".
  4. ^ a b c d Jenoure, P (2016). "Sports Medicine in our four neighbour countries" (PDF). Swiss Sports and Exercise Medicine. 64 (4): 8–12.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Pigozzi, F (December 2009). "Specialisation in sports medicine: the state of the Sport Medicine Specialty Training Core Curriculum in the European Union" (PDF). British Journal of Sports Medicine. 43 (14): 1085–7. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2008.055350. PMID 19282304. S2CID 63316.
  6. ^ Hardt, Felipe (1 July 2018). "State of primary care sports and exercise medicine in Brazil". British Journal of Sports Medicine. 52 (14): 887. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2015-095826. ISSN 0306-3674. PMID 27190139. S2CID 36671460. Retrieved 10 June 2020.
  7. ^ "Number of sports medicine doctors in Brazil 2018". Statista.
  8. ^ a b c Frontera, Walter R. (2007). Clinical Sports Medicine: Medical Management and Rehabilitation. Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-1-4160-2443-9.
  9. ^ Laki, J; Soós, Á; Jákó, P; Tállay, A; Perjés, Á; Szabó, AM (2017). "Introducing the National Institute for Sports Medicine in Hungary: a complex sports medical healthcare and screening system". BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine. 3 (1): e000267. doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000267. PMC 5640111. PMID 29071113.
  10. ^ Medicine, Indian Society of Sports and Exercise. "Indian Society of Sports and Exercise Medicine". www.issem.in.
  11. ^ https://www.mciindia.org/CMS/information-desk/college-and-course-search
  12. ^ Medical Council of India: https://www.mciindia.org/CMS/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Diploma-SPORTSMEDICINE.pdf
  13. ^ Medical Council of India: https://www.mciindia.org/CMS/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/MD-sports-medicine.pdf
  14. ^ "Daftar Perhimpunan". www.idionline.org/. Ikatan Dokter Indonesia.
  15. ^ a b "Universitas Indonesia". www.ui.ac.id. Universitas Indonesia. 25 September 2013.
  16. ^ "Training". fsem.ie. FSEM (Ireland).
  17. ^ Constantini, N; Mann, G (June 2016). "Sport Medicine". Harefuah. 155 (6): 333–4, 388. PMID 27544982.
  18. ^ Okuwaki, Toru; Dohi, Michiko; Ono, Takashi (2015). "Sport and exercise medicine in JapanA look at the strengths and weaknessesof the sport and exercise medicine system in Japan" (PDF). Sport Health. 33 (3): 32.
  19. ^ "Academy of Sports Medicine of Malaysia". Academy of Sports Medicine of Malaysia. Retrieved 3 February. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |access-date= (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  20. ^ "Humphries D, Jaques R, Dijkstra HP on behalf of the International Syllabus in Sport and Exercise Medicine Group (ISSEMG) A Delphi developed syllabus for the medical specialty of sport and exercise medicine British Journal of Sports Medicine 2018;52:490-492". British Journal of Sports Medicine. 52: 490–412 – via PubMed.
  21. ^ "Malaysian Association of Sports Medcine". Malaysian Association of Sports Medicine. Retrieved 2 March 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  22. ^ "OECD Health Statistics 2019 Definitions, Sources and Methods: Physicians by categories". oecd.org. OECD. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
  23. ^ Zondi, Phathokuhle; van Rensburg, Christa Janse; Patricios, Jon (2015–16). "Sport and exercise medicine in South Africa A look at the strengths and weaknesses of the sport and exercise medicine system in South Africa" (PDF). Sport Health. 33 (4): 28–31.
  24. ^ Yun Jun Yang, John (2016). "Sport and exercise medicine in South Korea. The strengths and weaknesses of the sport and exercise medicine system in South Korea". Sport Health. 35 (1): 28–29.
  25. ^ "MD AND BOARD CERTIFICATION IN SPORT AND EXERCISE MEDICINE" (PDF).
  26. ^ "default - Stanford Children's Health". www.stanfordchildrens.org. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  27. ^ "Athletic Training". National Athletic Trainers' Association. 19 March 2015.
  28. ^ Lee Witbeck (3 November 2010). "Trainers and athletes build relationships for rehabilitation". Daily Bruin, UCLA.
  29. ^ "Sports Medicine Professionals". HealthyChildren.org. Retrieved 5 March 2022.

Further reading edit


Category:Orthopedic surgical procedures