British–Chile relations are foreign relations between the United Kingdom and Chile. The two countries maintain strong cultural ties as Chilean culture was somewhat anglicised after independence, seeing many mutual investments since. Standard visits, on terms each country applies, allow visitors and short-term study, without need for a travel visa endorsed in a passport.
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 Chile |
 United Kingdom |
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Neighbouring territories in the South Atlantic and Pacific are notable. The Falkland Islands overseas territory of the UK is near to Chile's Tierra del Fuego Province and Cabo de Hornos commune. The Pitcairn Islands are near to Easter Island.
As more bases have been built across the research-based Antarctic, one of those of the United Kingdom has become the Teniente Luis Carvajal Villaroel Antarctic Base of Chile.
Country comparison
edit| Common name | Chile | United Kingdom |
|---|---|---|
| Official name | Republic of Chile | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland |
| Coat of arms | 
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| Flag | 
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| Area | 756,950 km2 (292,260 sq mi) | 242,495 km2 (93,628 sq mi) |
| Population (est. 2023) | 19,533,769 | 68,795,198 |
| Capital | Santiago | London |
| Largest metropolitan area | Santiago – 1,947.2 km2 (15,403.2 km2 metro) | London – 1,485 km2 (13,709,000 km2 metro) |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
| First leader | Mateo de Toro y Zambrano | Robert Walpole |
| Current leader | Gabriel Boric | Keir Starmer |
| Established |
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| Official languages | Chilean Spanish | British English |
| Currency | Chilean peso | Pound sterling |
History
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England played an important role in Chile's history. According to William Edmundson's A History of the British Presence in Chile, 2009, Chile had the same head of state as England in the 16th century, Queen Mary I. When she married Philip II, he was still a prince, so the King of Spain, Carlos V, Holy Roman Emperor made him and Mary the King and Queen of Chile, as well as of England, Ireland, Naples and Jerusalem. Mary became such from her marriage in 1554 to her husband's coronation as King of Spain in 1556, when Chile became part of the possessions of the Spanish. Although there is no record or evidence to support the claim that Phillip was made 'King of Chile', it still remains as known anecdote in the country.
Throughout the Chilean colonial period, British naval vessels in times of war, occasional privateers – and in times of peace British and colonial pirates, outlaws, at risk of execution by neutral parties – harassed the wealthy Spanish authorities in Chile by plundering their ships. In times of peace private trade ships from both empires brought mutually needed goods. British forces and the Mapuche both allied themselves to depose the Spanish hold in the country. Britain assisted the Chileans' fight for independence in the 1810s, led by Lord Cochrane. The British Admiral Lord Cochrane was the Chilean Navy's first commander who fought in the Chilean War of Independence and five Chilean Navy ships have been named in his honour.
In the early 1910s, Britain sold a super-dreadnought battleship Almirante Latorre to Chile. Although retained by the Royal Navy through the war, the ship was delivered after it and served as the Chilean Navy's flagship for many decades thereafter. In the modern era Chilean Navy and the Royal Navy maintain a close relationship with one ex-British Type 22 and three Type 23 frigates in Chilean service.
During the Falklands War in 1982, with the still pending Beagle conflict, Chile and Colombia became the only Latin American countries to abstain from voting in the TIAR (as did the United States and Trinidad and Tobago). Chile provided the UK with limited, but significant information.[1][2] The Chilean position is described in detail by Sir Lawrence Freedman in his book The Official History of the Falklands Campaign.[3]
Economic relations
editFrom 1 February 2003 until 30 December 2020, trade between Chile and the UK was governed by the Chile–European Union Association Agreement, while the United Kingdom was a member of the European Union.[4] Following the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union, the UK and Chile signed a continuity trade agreement on 5 February 2021, based on the EU free trade agreement; the agreement entered into force on 3 May 2021.[5] Chile was the first country which signed a free trade agreement with the United Kingdom post-Brexit.[6] Trade value between Chile and the United Kingdom was worth £1,881 million in 2022.[7]
In July 2023, the United Kingdom has signed the agreement to acceed to the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership, a trade bloc of which Chile is a founding member.[8]
Resident diplomatic missions
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Embassy of Chile in London -
Embassy of the United Kingdom in Santiago
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Chile admits helping UK in Falklands". The Age. 2005-06-27. Retrieved 2020-05-20.
- ^ "Chile 'helped UK over Falklands'". BBC News. 2005-06-25. Retrieved 2020-05-20.
- ^ Freedman, L. (2004). The Official History of the Falklands Campaign, Volume 1: The Origins of the Falklands War. Government Official History Series. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-135-77589-6. Retrieved 2020-05-20.
- ^ "EU - Chile". World Trade Organization. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
- ^ Fox, Liam (30 January 2019). "UK and Chile sign continuity agreement". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 30 January 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2023.UK–Chile FTA
- ^ "Is Chile a Brexit seer?". Financial Times. 1 February 2019. Archived from the original on 3 February 2019. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- ^ "UK trade agreements in effect". GOV.UK. 3 November 2022. Archived from the original on 17 January 2024. Retrieved 9 February 2024.
- ^ "'A significant milestone for UK trade': Britain signs deal to join £12trn Indo-Pacific trading block". Sky News. 2023-07-16. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
Further reading
edit- Centner, Charles W. "Great Britain and Chilean Mining 1830-1914" Economic History Review 12#1 (1942), pp. 76–82 Online
- Livingstone, Grace. "British campaigns for solidarity with Argentina and Chile." Bulletin of Latin American Research 39.5 (2020): 614-628; late 20c.
- Mayo, John. "Britain and Chile, 1851-1886: anatomy of a relationship." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 23.1 (1981): 95-120. Online