Arterial tree

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In anatomy, arterial tree is used to refer to all arteries and/or the branching pattern of the arteries. This article regards the human arterial tree. Starting from the aorta:

the following are the parts

Ascending aorta

It is a portion of the aorta commencing at the upper part of the base of the left ventricle, on a level with the lower border of the third costal cartilage behind the left half of the sternum.

Right coronary artery

posterior interventricular artery (mostly)
SA nodal artery (in 60%)
Right marginal artery

Left coronary artery

anterior interventricular
- septal
- diagonal
circumflex
- SA nodal artery (in 40%)
- posterior interventricular artery (occasionally)
- Left marginal arteries
- posterolateral artery
ramus intermedius (sometimes)

Aortic arch

brachiocephalic artery

left common carotid artery (directly from arch of aorta on left mostly)

internal carotid artery

ophthalmic artery
- Orbital group
  - Lacrimal artery
    - lateral palpebral arteries
    - zygomatic branches
    - recurrent branch
  - Supraorbital artery
    - superficial branch
    - deep branch
  - Posterior ethmoidal artery
    - meningeal branch
    - nasal branches
  - Anterior ethmoidal artery
    - anterior meningeal artery
    - nasal branches
    - superior palpebral arch
    - inferior palpebral arch
  - Supratrochlear artery
  - Dorsal nasal artery
    - twig to the upper part of lacrimal sac
    - to root of nose
    - dorsum of the nose
- Ocular group
  - Long posterior ciliary arteries
    - Circulus arteriosus major
    - Circulus arteriosus minor
  - Short posterior ciliary arteries
  - Anterior ciliary artery
  - Central retinal artery
  - Muscular artery
anterior cerebral artery
middle cerebral artery
- anterolateral central arteries
  - internal striate
  - external striate
posterior communicating artery

external carotid artery

Arising in carotid triangle^[1]
- Superior thyroid artery
- Ascending pharyngeal artery
- Lingual artery
- Facial artery
  - cervical
    - Ascending palatine artery
    - Tonsillar branch
    - Submental artery
      - superficial branch
      - deep branch
    - Glandular branches
  - facial
    - Inferior labial artery
    - Superior labial artery
    - Lateral nasal branch
    - Angular artery - the terminal branch
- Occipital artery
Posterior auricular artery
Terminal branches
- Maxillary artery
  - First portion
    - Deep auricular artery
    - Anterior tympanic artery
    - Middle meningeal artery
      - anterior and posterior
        ophthalmic artery (very rarely)
        
        superior tympanic artery
        
        vessels to semilunar ganglion
        
        superficial petrosal branch
        
        Orbital branches
        
        Temporal branches
    - Inferior alveolar artery
      - incisor branch
      - mental branch
      - lingual branch
      - mylohyoid branch
    - Accessory meningeal artery
  - Second portion
    - Masseteric artery
    - Pterygoid branches
    - Deep temporal arteries (anterior and posterior)
    - Buccal artery
  - Third portion
    - Sphenopalatine artery, terminal branch
      - posterior lateral nasal branches
      - posterior septal branches
    - Descending palatine artery
      - greater palatine artery
      - lesser palatine arteries
    - Infraorbital artery
      - orbital branches
      - anterior superior alveolar arteries
    - Posterior superior alveolar artery
    - branches to alveolar canals
    - branches to gingiva
    - Pharyngeal artery
    - Artery of pterygoid canal
- Superficial temporal artery

Left subclavian artery (directly from arch of aorta on left)

vertebral artery

Meningeal branches of vertebral artery
Posterior spinal artery
- ascending branch
- descending branch
Anterior spinal artery
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
- medial branch
- lateral branch
Basilar artery
- Anterior inferior cerebellar artery
  - labyrinthine artery
- pontine branches

internal thoracic artery

Mediastinal branches
Thymic branches
Pericardiophrenic artery
Sternal branches
Perforating branches
six anterior intercostal branches
- upper branches
- lower branches of the space anastomoses
Musculophrenic artery
- intercostal branches (three)
- branches to lower part of the pericardium
- branches to diaphragm
- branches to abdominal muscles
Superior epigastric artery

thyrocervical trunk

inferior thyroid artery
suprascapular artery
transverse cervical artery
- Superficial branch
- Deep branch/Dorsal scapular artery (sometimes)

costocervical trunk

Deep cervical artery
Supreme intercostal artery
- 1st and 2nd posterior intercostal artery

Axillary artery

Brachial artery

Profunda brachii artery
- radial collateral artery
- medial collateral artery
- branches to the deltoid muscle
Superior ulnar collateral artery
- Posterior ulnar recurrent artery
Inferior ulnar collateral artery
- Ascending branches
- Descending branches
radial artery
- radial branches in the forearm
- Radial recurrent artery
- Palmar carpal branch of radial artery
- Superficial palmar branch of the radial artery
- radial branches at the wrist
- Dorsal carpal branch of radial artery
- First dorsal metacarpal artery
- radial branches in the hand
- Princeps pollicis artery
- Radialis indicis
- Deep palmar arch
ulnar artery
- anterior ulnar recurrent artery
- posterior ulnar recurrent artery
- common interosseous artery
- posterior interosseous artery
  - interosseous recurrent artery
- anterior interosseous artery
  - muscular branches
  - nutrient arteries of radius and ulna
  - branch to volar carpal network
- muscular artery
- volar carpal
- palmar carpal arch
- dorsal carpal
- dorsal carpal arch
- deep volar
- superficial volar arch

Thoracic aorta

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2007)

bronchial arteries
esophageal arteries
mediastinal branches
Lower 9(3rd to 11th) posterior intercostal arteries
subcostal arteries
superior phrenic arteries

Abdominal aorta

inferior phrenic

celiac

left gastric artery
- hepatic branch
- oesophageal branch
common hepatic artery
- proper hepatic artery
  - Terminal branches
    - right hepatic artery
      - Cystic artery
    - left hepatic artery
  - right gastric artery
- gastroduodenal artery
  - right gastro-omental artery
  - superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
splenic artery

superior mesenteric

middle suprarenal

renal

Anterior and posterior

interlobar artery

arcuate artery
- interlobular artery
  - afferent arteriole
  - efferent arteriole
    - descending vasa recta
    - peritubular capillaries

gonadal

testicular artery in males
ovarian artery in females

lumbar

inferior mesenteric

left colic artery
- ascending branch
- descending branch
sigmoid arteries
superior rectal artery

median sacral

common iliac

Common iliac arteries

Internal iliac artery

Anterior division

obturator artery
superior vesical artery
Vaginal artery (females) / inferior vesical artery (males)
middle rectal artery
internal pudendal artery
- inferior rectal artery
- perineal artery
- posterior scrotal branches in males/posterior labial branches in females
- urethral artery
- artery of bulb of penis in males / artery of bulb of vestibule in females
- dorsal artery of penis in males / dorsal artery of clitoris in females
- deep artery of penis in males / deep artery of clitoris in females
inferior gluteal artery
- Accompanying artery of ischiadic nerve
Uterine artery (females) / deferential artery (males)
- Vaginal artery (sometimes)
(obliterated) umbilical artery

Posterior division

iliolumbar artery
- Lumbar branch
- Iliac branch
lateral sacral artery
- Superior
- Inferior
superior gluteal artery
- Superficial branch
- Deep branch

external iliac artery

Inferior epigastric artery
Deep circumflex iliac artery
femoral artery
- superficial epigastric artery
- Superficial circumflex iliac artery
- Superficial external pudendal artery
- Deep external pudendal artery
- Deep femoral artery
  - Lateral femoral circumflex artery
    - ascending branch
    - descending branch
    - transverse branch
  - Medial femoral circumflex artery
    - ascending branch
    - descending branch
      - superficial branch
      - deep branch
      - acetabular branch
  - Perforating arteries
    - first perforating artery
    - second perforating artery
    - third/fourth perforating artery
- Descending genicular artery
  - Saphenous branch
  - Musculo-articular branch

Popliteal artery

anterior tibial artery
- post. tibial recurrent artery
- ant. tibial recurrent artery
- muscular branches
- anterior medial malleolar artery
- anterior lateral malleolar artery
- Dorsalis pedis artery
posterior tibial artery
- fibular artery (sometimes from popliteal artery)
  - communicating branch to the anterior tibial artery
  - perforating branch to the posterior tibial artery
- medial plantar artery
- lateral plantar artery
sural artery
medial superior genicular artery
- Branch to vastus medialis
- Branch to surface of the femur and the knee-joint
lateral superior genicular artery
- superficial branch
- deep branch
middle genicular artery
medial inferior genicular artery
- branch to popliteus
lateral inferior genicular artery

See also

Family tree of major arteries

References

^ "Human Anatomy - Lab 25 Step 12". Archived from the original on 2016-03-17. Retrieved 2007-10-18.

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