Aloha67
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Guide to referencing edit
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| Using references (citations) |
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I thought you might find it useful to have some information about references (refs) on wikipedia. These are important to validate your writing and inform the reader. Any editor can remove unreferenced material; and unsubstantiated articles may end up getting deleted, so when you add something to an article, it's highly advisable to also include a reference to say where it came from. Referencing may look daunting, but it's easy enough to do. Here's a guide to getting started.
A reference must be accurate, i.e. it must prove the statement in the text. To validate "Mike Brown climbed Everest", it's no good linking to a page about Everest, if Mike Brown isn't mentioned, nor to one on Mike Brown, if it doesn't say that he climbed Everest. You have to link to a source that proves his achievement is true. You must use reliable sources, such as published books, mainstream press, and authorised web sites. Blogs, Myspace, Youtube, fan sites and extreme minority texts are not usually acceptable, nor is original research (e.g. your own unpublished, or self-published, essay or research), or another wikipedia article.
The first thing you have to do is to create a "Notes and references" section (unless it already exists). This goes towards the bottom of the page, below the "See also" section and above the "External links" section. Enter this code:
The next step is to put a reference in the text. Here is the code to do that. It goes at the end of the relevant term, phrase, sentence, or paragraph to which the note refers, and after punctuation such as a full stop, without a space (to prevent separation through line wrap):
Whatever text you put in between these two tags will become visible in the "Notes and references" section as your reference.
Open the edit box for this page, copy the following text (inserting your own text where indicated), paste it at the bottom of the page and save the page:
(End of text to copy and paste.) It should appear like this:
You need to include the information to enable the reader to find your source. For an online newspaper source, it might look like this:
When uploaded, it appears as:
Note the single square brackets around the URL and the article title. The format is:
Make sure there is a space between the URL and the Title. This code results in the URL being hidden and the title showing as a link. Use double apostrophes for the article title (it is quoted text), and two single quote marks either side of the name of the paper (to generate italics). Double square brackets round the name of the paper create an internal link (a wikilink) to the relevant wikipedia article. Apostrophes must go outside the brackets. The date after The Guardian is the date of the newspaper, and the date after "Retrieved on" is the date you accessed the site – useful for searching the web archive in case the link goes dead. Dates are wikilinked so that they work with user preference settings to display the date in the format the user wishes.
You can use sources which are not online, but which you have found in a library or elsewhere—in which case leave out the information which is not relevant. The newspaper example above would be formatted like this:
When uploaded, it appears as:
Here is an example for a book:
When uploaded, it appears as:
Make sure you put two single quote marks round the title (to generate italics), rather than one double quote mark.
These formats are all acceptable for dates:
You may prefer to use a citation template to compile details of the source. The template goes between the ref tags and you fill out the fields you wish to. Basic templates can be found here: Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles/Citation quick reference
The first time a reference appears in the article, you can give it a simple name in the <ref> code:
The second time you use the same reference in the article, you need only to create a short cut instead of typing it all out again:
You can then use the short cut as many times as you want. Don't forget the /, or it will blank the rest of the article! A short cut will only pick up from higher up the page, so make sure the first ref is the full one. Some symbols don't work in the ref name, but you'll find out if you use them. You can see multiple use of the same refs in action in the article William Bowyer (artist). There are 3 sources and they are each referenced 3 times. Each statement in the article has a footnote to show what its source is.
The above method is simple and combines references and notes into one section. A refinement is to put the full details of the references in their own section headed "References", while the notes which apply to them appear in a separate section headed "Notes". The notes can be inserted in the main article text in an abbreviated form as seen in Harriet Arbuthnot or in a full form as in Brown Dog affair.
More information can be found at:
I hope this helps. If you need any assistance, let me know. Ty 08:44, 10 July 2008 (UTC) |
Mineshaft edit
Thanks for letting me know why the link to Mineshaft was deleted. I think that Mineshaft is a valuable resource for anyone interested in learning more about Robert Crumb. Mineshaft has published more art and letters by R. Crumb than any other contemporary U.S. magazine. Mineshaft has been publishing R. Crumb since 2000 when he discovered the magazine, eighteen issues in a row. He has drawn the magazine's logos, 9 front covers, 8 back covers, and has contributed a total of 119 pages of artwork and letters. And he's encouraged other great artists to contribute to the magazine. He's sent Mineshaft contributions from his wife, Aline Kominsky-Crumb, his daughter, Sophie Crumb, and writer, J.R. Helton. "It's my favorite magazine..," says R. Crumb (letter to the editor published in Mineshaft #18). No entry on Robert Crumb's modern work is complete without a reference to Mineshaft. Mineshaft is not a big money maker. It's hard to find and Wikipedia is an important place to find R. Crumb's recent work. For a recent review of Mineshaft go to the Comics Reporter,<a href="http://www.comicsreporter.com/index.php/briefings/cr_reviews/12670/"/>Tom Spurgeon's "The Comics Reporter" </a>.
Mineshaft is also a relevant external link to Aline Kominsky-Crumb, Jay Lynch, Billy Childish, and Kim Deitch. All of these artists have contributed original work and continue to contribute to Mineshaft. For Jay Lynch and Aline Kominsky-Crumb it's very difficult to find any contemporary work that they're doing. Jay Lynch was recently quoted on NPR radio saying that Mineshaft magazine is the last great underground comics magazine. Link to NPR's Jay Lynch interview: <a href="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=91342778/" NPR Jay Lynch Interview</a>>.
I'd be glad to answer any other questions regarding Mineshaft. Thanks, Aloha67 (talk) 16:25, 9 July 2008 (UTC) Aloha67
- Wikipedia is not looking for external links, which should be a last resort, not a first one. It could quite easily fill up every page with ELs. It is an encyclopedia which is seeking good referenced content. That requires rather more work. If reliable secondary sources talk about Mineshaft, then it may have a place in an article. As far as an EL, I suggest you post on the article talk page and let other editors decided, as you seem to have a connection with it. I did a google search and image search for Aline Kominsky-Crumb and had no problem finding a lot of material. You might like to contribute to different articles in the first instance to get the hang of wikipedia. See also WP:EL and WP:COI. Ty 08:57, 10 July 2008 (UTC)
Dear Ty, Thanks for your reply. I think those are two good ideas. I will try to become more familiar with Wikipedia and editing pages and also see what other editors think about an external link for Mineshaft on the R. Crumb article. I understand that a flood of external links on Wikipedia would be a big problem, but I do think Mineshaft would be an interesting and valid link for the R. Crumb page. Aloha67 (talk) 21:06, 10 July 2008 (UTC)
{{helpme}}Dear Ty, I am having some trouble locating the "article talk page" that you mentioned posting my request on to allow other editors to decide what they thought about my request. I did post my request to add Mineshaft Magazine as an external link to the Robert Crumb page on the "WikiProject Comics Project Talk Page", but I'm not sure that is the correct place to discuss my request. Thanks for your help Aloha67 (talk) 17:54, 15 July 2008 (UTC)
- Every article on wikipedia has a talk page where you can discuss changes and gain consensus etc. At the top of the article, you should see a link entitled 'Discussion.' Click this to enter the talk page and add comments like you would your own talk page. ——RyanLupin • (talk) 17:59, 15 July 2008 (UTC)
- Aloha67, I see you have found the talk page for Robert Crumb. On wikipedia, new posts usually go at the bottom of the talk page, unless it is in reply to someone else (see how I replied here, rather than at the bottom of the page). Your post at Talk:Robert Crumb was at the top of the page, so it may be harder for other editors to find it. DigitalC (talk) 01:18, 25 July 2008 (UTC)
{{helpme}}Thank Ryan, but when I go into the "discussion" tab for the Robert Crumb article I find a couple of boxes and no direct "talk" page. Do you have a suggestion for where I should post my request for this particular article? Thanks again for you help. Aloha67 (talk) 18:15, 15 July 2008 (UTC)
- Scroll down below the boxes. There's talking down there. Ten Pound Hammer and his otters • (Chirps•Clams•Chowder) 18:33, 15 July 2008 (UTC)
{{helpme}}I'm working on the article Mineshaft Magazine. Though it can be searched in Wikipedia when I try and make an internal link with Mineshaft Magazine it says this page doesn't exist. Is there some step I need to take to make it an article that exists, so that I can create an internal link? Thanks.Aloha67 (talk) 00:44, 25 July 2008 (UTC)
- You had to move the page. The page was at Mineshaft magazine with a lowercase M. Ten Pound Hammer and his otters • (Broken clamshells• Otter chirps • HELP!) 00:47, 25 July 2008 (UTC)
{{helpme}}Thank you very much TenPoundHammer.Aloha67 (talk) 00:59, 25 July 2008 (UTC)
- You're welcome. But why did you need to use a helpme to thank me? You could have just thanked me on my talk page. Ten Pound Hammer and his otters • (Broken clamshells• Otter chirps • HELP!) 01:05, 25 July 2008 (UTC)
 | This help request has been answered. If you need more help, you can , contact the responding user(s) directly on their user talk page, or consider visiting the Teahouse. |
I would like to have the older version of the image Mineshaft_magazine_issue_15.jpg deleted. I looked at the Wikipedia how to delete an image entries, but I was concerned that I might end up having the entire page deleted. I would just like to delete the version uploaded on July 29, 2008 and keep the version uploaded today, 9/9/14. I would also like to have the 9/9/14 version updated on the Mineshaft magazine article page. Thank you for your help.--Aloha67 (talk) 18:12, 9 September 2014 (UTC)
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