| British Rail Class 316 | |
|---|---|
| Family name | BREL 1972 "PEP" |
| Formation | 3/4 cars per set |
| Operators | SELNEC (planned) |
| Depots | Queens Road (planned) |
| Lines served | Picc-Vic network (planned) |
| Specifications | |
| Current collector(s) | 25 kV AC Overhead |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) Standard gauge |
The Class 316 was a proposed type of electric multiple unit intended for use on planned urban rail services in Greater Manchester. Intended as part of the family of EMUs descended from the prototype "PEP" stock, the class was never proceeded with as the planned services for which it was to be built were cancelled.
Background edit
"Picc-Vic" proposal edit
In 1971, the South-East Lancashire and North-East Cheshire (SELNEC) Passenger Transport Executive, the body responsible for public transport in and around the greater Manchester area, proposed the construction of a new underground railway tunnel intended to link Manchester's two remaining major railway termini, Piccadilly and Victoria, to create a new urban metro network.[1] This tunnel, nicknamed the "Picc-Vic", was intended to link the disparate rail networks to the north (from Victoria) and south (from Piccadilly) of the city for the first time, allowing services through the centre of Manchester.[2] At the time, only one of the planned routes that would have been joined to the tunnel was electrified (the Bury Line), using a unique, 1200V DC third rail system,[3] with the remainder unelectrified.[2] The proposal would have seen the entire planned network electrified using 25kV AC from overhead wires (OHLE), which had recently been fitted to the West Coast Main Line as far as Manchester Piccadilly.[4] As a consequence of this, new rolling stock was required to operate the planned services.
PEP rolling stock edit
At the same time, British Rail was in the midst of testing a new suburban train type in the Southern Region. These prototype units, eventually designated as Class 445 and 446 under the Total Operations Processing System (TOPS), were different to any rolling stock that had come before; they were constructed of aluminium rather than steel, were an all in one design rather than a coach body on top of a separate underframe, and had sliding doors.[5] Although the Class 445 and 446 were only prototype units, the information garnered from their use, both in initial testing and passenger service in the Southern Region, and later in departmental use as testbed units, led to the production of a new series of suburban EMUs that came into use in the mid to late 1970s.[5]
The initial publicity for the Picc-Vic plan, which was described as "Manchester's tube project", showed an artist's impression of a platform with a train resembling the 1967 Stock, as used on the Victoria line in London.[6] However, the twin bore tunnels were intended to be built with a diameter of 18 ft (5.5 m), large enough to accommodate both a main line train type, and the OHLE wires (This is similar to the Northern City Line, a short underground route in London also built for the purposes of access by full sized rolling stock).[7][8] In 1975, SELNEC (by then renamed as the Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive) published a new Picc-Vic publicity brochure that went into greater detail about the potential type of rolling stock that would be used, with an image of a Class 445 unit used to indicate the proposed type of train.[9] The front cover also had an artist's impression of a train resembling the new types then in development for the urban networks in London, Liverpool and Glasgow.[10] To fit with the TOPS classification of the other types powered via OHLE, the planned units for Manchester were assigned as Class 316.
Cancellation edit
Although specifications for the Class 316 units were prepared by the British Rail Research Division at Derby, no concrete tender proposals were issued to prospective manufacturers before the final cancellation of the Picc-Vic project in 1977.
References edit
- ^ Wainwright, Martin (14 March 2012). "Manchester's tube train that never was". theguardian.com. The Guardian. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
- ^ a b "Remains of Manchester tube system unearthed". University of Manchester. 13 March 2012. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
- ^ Williams, Tony (25 November 2015). "Manchester to Bury". Light Rail Transit Association. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
- ^ Evans, Andrew (January 1969). "Intercity Travel and the London Midland Electrification" (PDF). Journal of Transport Economics and Policy. 3 (1). Univeristy of Bath: 69–95. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
- ^ a b "British Rail Southern Region 2 & 4 Car Experimental Units (PEP)". Blood and Custard. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
- ^ "From the archive, 18 July 1967: Green light for Manchester tube project". theguardian.com. The Guardian. 18 July 2013. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
- ^ "Northern line". Clive's UndergrounD Line Guides. 3 March 2012. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
- ^ Brook, Richard; Dodge, Martin (2012). Infra_MANC (PDF). CUBE Gallery. p. 134. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
- ^ Brook, Dodge p. 144-145
- ^ Brook, Dodge p. 128