Draft:Banknote row

• Comment: Almost entirely unreferenced – where is all this information coming from? DoubleGrazing (talk) 07:59, 1 February 2024 (UTC)

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A banknote row of Kazakhstani tenge 3 series

A banknote row is the totality of all used denominations of banknotes in a country. The banknote series does not always correspond to the series of banknotes, since in many countries banknotes of other series issued earlier continue to be in circulation.

The banknote rows of most countries of the world contain denominations that are multiples of 1-2-5 or 1-5. Also, at present, there are denominations that are multiples of 25 and 3. According to the most common theory, there are 13 banknotes, including 6 coin denominations, 6 banknotes and one banknote in the middle, which can be either a coin, or a banknote, or both and others. It is also believed that the optimal denomination of the largest banknote should be half the average wage in the country.

The largest denomination in circulation is 500,000 (Vietnamese dong), the smallest is 0.01 of the base currency (Kyrgyz som, Omani rial, Tajikistani somoni, Congolese franc).

History

500 billion yugoslavian dinar 1993

Banknote rows of countries in which hyperinflation occurs deserve special attention.

So, for 30 years, from 1965 to 1985, the largest denomination of the Yugoslav dinar was 1000. In the late 1980s, negative trends began to appear in the economy of Yugoslavia, and in 1985 a banknote of 5000 dinars was issued, but inflation continued to gain momentum , and in 1987 the issue of a banknote of 20 thousand dinars followed, bypassing 10 thousand, which did not appear during this period. As a result, by the 1990 denomination, 14 denominations of banknotes from 5 to 2,000,000 dinars were in circulation, small ones - only formally. Inflation reached its peak in 1993, at the same time a banknote with the largest denomination of 500 billion dinars was issued, and the denomination of each newly issued banknote was an order of magnitude larger than the previous one (5, 50 and 500 thousand, 5, 50 and 500 million, 5 , 50 and 500 billion).

Galloping inflation in Georgia in the early 1990s led to unusual denominations such as 3,000, 30,000 and 150,000 kuponi.

Inflation in Zimbabwe has led to the simultaneous formal circulation of 28 denominations of banknotes - from 1 cent to 500 million Zimbabwean dollars. The denomination of 10 billion times did not save the situation and the next series of banknotes in 2007-2008 "grew" to 27 denominations - from 1 to 100 trillion dollars. This was followed by a denomination of 1 trillion times, but the national currency, not having lasted even a year, was canceled altogether, giving way to US dollars and South African rands.

Change banknotes

1 Tajikistani diram, 1999

In some countries, there are (often only formally) banknotes in circulation denominated in fractions of the local currency or in units of change:

• ½ Bahraini dinar
• 1, 10, 50 tyiyns (Kyrgyz som)
• ¼ and ½ Kuwaiti dinar
• 50 pya (Myanmar kyat)
• 100 baize, ½ Omani rial
• 1, 5, 20, 50 dirams (Tajikistani somoni)
• 25, 50 piastres (Egyptian pound)
• 1, 5, 10, 20, 50 centimes (Congolese franc)
• ½ Bahamian dollar

Monetary units without banknotes

Of the monetary units that are included in the ISO 4217 standard and exist in cash, only the Panamanian balboa is not issued in the form of banknotes - the local population in Panama uses balboa coins and US dollar banknotes.

Also, in real money circulation, there are some other monetary units only in the form of coins. This is due to the spread of a parallel currency in the relevant territory:

• Tuvaluan dollar and Kiribati dollar - Australian dollar banknotes are used;
• Pitcairn Islands dollar - banknotes of the New Zealand dollar are used;
• Timorese and Ecuadorian centavo - US dollar banknotes are used;
• in Madagascar, coins of the Malagasy franc remain in circulation, while banknotes and coins of the Malagasy ariary are mainly used.

Banknote row of world currencies

The denominations highlighted in bold are legal tender but are either not found or rarely seen in circulation. Currencies are marked in order according to ISO 4217. The denominations of small circulation issues of commemorative banknotes are not indicated in the table.

Europe

ISO 4217 code	Currency	Banknote row	Type	Number of denominations
ALL	Albanian lek	200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000	1-2-5	6
BAM	Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark	10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	5
BGN	Bulgarian lev	5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	5
BYN	Belarusian ruble	5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500	1-2-5	7
CHF	Swiss franc	10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 1000	1-2-5 and 1-2	6
CZK	Czech koruna	100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000	1-2-5	6
DKK	Danish krone	50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	5
EUR	Euro	5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500	1-2-5	7
DKK (FOK)	Faroese króna	50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	5
GBP	Pound sterling	5, 10, 20, 50	1-2-5	4
GBP (GGP)	Guernsey pound	1, 5, 10, 20, 50	1-5 and 1-2-5	5
GBP (GIP)	Gibraltar pound	5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	5
HUF	Hungarian forint	500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000	1-2-5	6
GBP (IMP)	Manx pound	1, 5, 10, 20, 50	1-5 and 1-2-5	5
ISK	Icelandic króna	500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000	1-2-5	5
GBP (JEP)	Jersey pound	1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-5 and 1-2-5	6
MDL	Moldovan leu	1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-5 and 1-2-5	9
MKD	Macedonian denar	10, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000	1-5 and 1-2-5	7
NOK	Norwegian krone	50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	5
PLN	Polish złoty	10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500	1-2-5	6
RON	Romanian leu	1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500	1-5 and 1-2-5	8
RSD	Serbian dinar	10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000	1-2-5	9
RUB	Russian ruble	5, 10, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000	1-5 and 1-2-5	9
SEK	Swedish krona	20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	6
UAH	Ukrainian hryvnia	20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	6

Asia

ISO 4217 code	Currency	Banknote row	Type	Number of denominations
AED	UAE dirham	5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	8
AFN	Afghan afghani	10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000	1-2-5 and 1-5	6
AMD	Armenian dram	50, 100, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000, 50 000, 100 000	1-5 and 1-2-5	10
AZN	Azerbaijani manat	1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-5 and 1-2-5	7
BDT	Bangladeshi taka	1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	10
BHD	Bahraini dinar	1⁄2, 1, 5, 10, 20	1-5 and 1-2	5
BND	Brunei dollar	1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 10 000	1-5 and 1-1	8
BTN	Bhutanese ngultrum	1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000	1-5 and 1-2-5	8
CNY	Renminbi	1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-5 and 1-2-5	6
GEL	Georgian lari	1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	8
HKD	Hong Kong dollar	10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000	1-2-5 and 1-5	6
IDR	Indonesian rupiah	1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000, 50 000, 100 000	1-2-5	7
ILS	Israeli new shekel	20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	4
INR	Indian rupee	1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 2000	1-2-5 and 2	10
IQD	Iraqi dinar	250, 500, 1000, 5000, 10 000, 25 000, 50 000	1-2,5-5 and 1-5	7
IRR	Iranian rial	1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000, 50 000, 100 000, 200 000, 500 000, 1 000 000, 2 000 000	1-2-5	11
JOD	Jordanian dinar	1, 5, 10, 20, 50	1-5 and 1-2-5	5
JPY	Japanese yen	1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000	1-2-5	4
KGS	Kyrgyz som	0.01, 0.10, 0.50, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 5000	mixed	13
KHR	Cambodian riel	100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000, 50 000	1-2-5	9
KPW	North Korean won	5, 10, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000	1-5 and 1-2-5	9
KRW	South Korean won	1000, 5000, 10 000, 50 000	1-5	4
KWD	Kuwaiti dinar	1⁄4, 1⁄2, 1, 5, 10, 20	mixed	6
KZT	Kazakhstani tenge	200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000	1-2-5	7
LAK	Lao kip	500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000, 50 000, 100 000	1-2-5	8
LBP	Lebanese pound	1000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000, 50 000, 100 000	1-5 and 1-2-5	6
LKR	Sri Lankan rupee	20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000	1-2-5 and 1-5	6
MMK	Myanmar kyat	0.50, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 5000, 10 000	1-5 and 1-2-5	12
MNT	Mongolian tögrög	1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000	1-5 and 1-2-5	11
MOP	Macanese pataca	10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000	1-2-5 and 1-5	6
MVP	Maldivian rufiyaa	5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000	1-2-5 and 1-5	7
MYR	Malaysian ringgit	1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-5 and 1-2-5	6
NPR	Nepalese rupee	5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000	1-2-5 and 1-5	7
OMR	Omani rial	0.100, 1⁄2, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50	mixed	7
PHP	Philippine peso	20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	6
PKR	Pakistani rupee	10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 5000	1-2-5 and 1-5	7
QAR	Qatari riyal	1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200, 500	1-5 and 1-2-5	7
RUB	Russian ruble	5, 10, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000	1-5 and 1-2-5	9
SAR	Saudi riyal	5, 10, 50, 100, 500	1-5	5
SGD	Singapore dollar	1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 10 000	mixed	11
SYP	Syrian pound	50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000	1-2-5	7
THB	Thai baht	20, 50, 100, 500, 1000	1-2-5 and 1-5	5
TJS	Somoni	0.01, 0.05, 0.20, 0.50, 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500	1-5 and 1-2-5	13
TMT	Turkmen manat	1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-5 and 1-2-5	6
TRY	Turkish lira	5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	6
TWD	New Taiwan dollar	100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000	1-2-5	5
UZS	Uzbekistani sum	1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000, 50 000, 100 000, 200 000	1-2-5	8
VND	Vietnamese đồng	1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000, 50 000, 100 000, 200 000, 500 000	1-2-5	9
YER	Yemeni rial	50, 100, 200, 250, 500, 1000	1-2-5	6

Africa

ISO 4217 code	Currency	Banknote row	Type	Number of denominations
AOA	Angolan kwanza	200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000	1-2-5	5
BIF	Burundian franc	100, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000	1-5 and 1-2-5	6
BWP	Botswana pula	10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	5
CDF	Congolese franc	0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.50, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000	1-5 and 1-2-5	17
CVE	Cape Verdean escudo	200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000	1-2-5	5
DJF	Djiboutian franc	1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000	1-2-5	4
DZD	Algerian dinar	100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000	1-2-5	5
EGP	Egyptian pound	0.25, 0.50, 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200	mixed	9
ERN	Eritrean nakfa	1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-5 and 1-2-5	6
ETB	Ethiopian birr	1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200	1-5 and 1-2-5	6
GHF	Guinean franc	25, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000	mixed	9
GHS	Ghanaian cedi	1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-5 and 1-2-5	7
GMD	Gambian dalasi	5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	6
KES	Kenyan shilling	50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	5
KMF	Comorian franc	500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000	1-2-5	5
LRD	Liberian dollar	5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000	1-2-5 and 1-5	7
LSL	Lesotho loti	10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	5
LYD	Libyan dinar	1, 5, 10, 20, 50	1-5 and 1-2-5	5
MAD	Moroccan dirham	200, 500, 1000, 2000	1-2-5	4
MGA	Malagasy ariary	100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000	1-2-5	8
MRU	Mauritanian ouguiya	20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	25 and 1-2-5	6
MUR	Mauritian rupee	25, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000	1-2-5	7
MWK	Malawian kwacha	20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000	1-2-5	8
MZN	Mozambican metical	20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	6
NAD	Namibian dollar	10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	5
NGN	Nigerian naira	5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	8
RWF	Rwandan franc	500, 1000, 2000, 5000	1-2-5	4
SCR	Seychellois rupee	10, 25, 50, 100, 500	1-5 and 25	5
SDG	Sudanese pound	2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	9
SLL	Sierra Leonean leone	1, 2, 5, 10, 20	1-2-5	5
SOS	Somali shilling	5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000	1-2-5 and 1-5	7
SSP	South Sudanese pound	0.05, 0.10, 0.25, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100, 500, 1000	mixed	12
STN	São Tomé and Príncipe dobra	5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	6
SZL	Swazi lilangeni	10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	5
TND	Tunisian dinar	5, 10, 20, 50	1-2-5	4
TZS	Tanzanian shilling	500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000	1-2-5	5
UGX	Ugandan shilling	1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000, 50 000	1-2-5	6
XAF	Central African CFA franc	500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000	1-2-5	5
XOF	West African CFA franc	500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000	1-2-5	5
ZAR	South African pound	10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	5
ZMW	Zambian kwacha	2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	6
ZWL	Zimbabwean dollar	2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	6

North America

ISO 4217 code	Currency	Banknote row	Type	Number of denominations
ANG	Netherlands Antillean guilder	10, 25, 50, 100	mixed	4
AWG	Aruban florin	10, 25, 50, 100, 200	mixed	5
BBD	Barbadian dollar	2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	6
BMD	Bermudian dollar	2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	6
BSD	Bahamian dollar	1⁄2, 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	mixed	8
BZD	Belize dollar	2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	6
CAD	Canadian dollar	5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	5
CRC	Costa Rican colón	1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000	1-2-5	5
CUC	Cuban convertible peso	1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	mixed	7
CUP	Cuban peso	1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	mixed	10
DOP	Dominican peso	50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000	1-2-5	6
ECP	Eastern Caribbean dollar	5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	5
GTQ	Guatemalan quetzal	1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-5 and 1-2-5	7
HNL	Honduran lempira	1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500	1-2-5	9
HTG	Haitian gourde	10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500	mixed	6
JMD	Jamaican dollar	50, 100, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000	1-5 and 1-2-5	6
KYD	Cayman Islands dollar	1, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100	mixed	6
MXN	Mexican peso	20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	6
NIO	Nicaraguan córdoba	5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000	1-2-5	8
TTD	Trinidad and Tobago dollar	1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-5 and 1-2-5	6
USD	United States dollar	1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	7

South America

ISO 4217 code	Currency	Banknote row	Type	Number of denominations
ARS	Argentine peso	10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000	1-2-5	8
BOB	Bolivian boliviano	10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	5
BRL	Brazilian real	2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	7
CLP	Chilean peso	500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000	1-2-5	6
COP	Colombian peso	1000, 2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000, 50 000, 100 000	1-2-5	7
FKP	Falkland Islands pound	5, 10, 20, 50	1-2-5	4
GYD	Guyanese dollar	20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000	1-2-5	8
PEN	Peruvian sol	10, 20, 50, 100, 200	1-2-5	5
PYG	Paraguayan guaraní	2000, 5000, 10 000, 20 000, 50 000, 100 000	1-2-5	6
SRD	Surinamese dollar	5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	5
UYU	Uruguayan peso	20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000	1-2-5	7
VED	Venezuelan bolívar	5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	5

Oceania

ISO 4217 code	Currency	Banknote row	Type	Number of denominations
AUD	Australian dollar	5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	5
FJD	Fijian dollar	5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	5
NZD	New Zealand dollar	5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	5
PGK	Papua New Guinean kina	2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	6
SBD	Solomon Islands dollar	2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	6
TOP	Tongan paʻanga	1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	7
WST	Samoan tālā	5, 10, 20, 50, 100	1-2-5	5
XPF	CFP franc	500, 1000, 5000, 10 000	1-5	4

Notes and references

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