Wikipedia

Timeline of the Karluks

This is a timeline of the Karluks. The Kara-Khanid Khanate is also included; however, it is disputed whether the Karluks or Yagmas were the dominant group within the khanate.

The map of Kara-Khanid Khanate as of 1006 AD when it reached its greatest extent

7th century

edit
Year Date Event
600 Karluks migrate into Tokharistan[1]

8th century

edit
Year Date Event
742 The Karluks, Basmyls, and Uyghurs revolt against the Second Turkic Khaganate and Kutluk Yabgu Khagan is killed[2]
745 Hostilities between the Uyghurs and Karluks force the Karluks to migrate west into Zhetysu[2]
751 Battle of Talas: Karluks switch sides from the Tang dynasty to the Abbasids, resulting in Tang defeat[2]
766 Karluks annex the Turgesh in Zhetysu[3]
791 Karluks attack Beshbalik but are defeated by Uyghurs[4]

9th century

edit
Year Date Event
821 Uyghurs invade Karluk territory and steal considerable booty[4]
839 Nuh ibn Asad of the Samanids attacks the Karluks and captures Sayram[5]
840 Uyghur Khaganate falls and Bilge Kul Qadir Khan of the Karluks declares himself khagan of the Kara-Khanid Khanate[5]
893 Isma'il ibn Ahmad of the Samanids attacks the Karluks and conquers Taraz[5]
Bilge Kul Qadir Khan dies and Bazir Arslan Khan succeeds him

10th century

edit
Year Date Event
920 Bazir Arslan Khan dies and his brother Oghulcak Khan succeeds him
932 The future Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan converts to Islam
940 Oghulcak Khan dies and Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan succeeds him
955 Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan dies and Musa Bughra Khan succeeds him
958 Musa Bughra Khan dies and Suleyman Arslan Khan succeeds him
970 Suleyman Arslan Khan dies and Ali Arslan Khan succeeds him
976 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Ilaq[6]
980 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Kashgar[7]
990 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Sayram (city)[6]
991 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Fergana[8]
992 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Bukhara but immediately loses it again to the Samanids[9]
996 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Chach[9]
997 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Samarkand[9]
998 Ali Arslan Khan dies and Ahmad Arslan Qara Khan succeeds him
999 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Bukhara[6]

11th century

edit
Year Date Event
1006 Kara-Khanid Khanate conquers Khotan[10]
1008 Kara-Khanid Khanate attacks the Ghaznavids but is defeated[10]
1017 Ahmad Arslan Qara Khan dies and Mansur Arslan Khan succeeds him
Liao dynasty attacks the Kara-Khanid Khanate but is repulsed[11]
1024 Mansur Arslan Khan dies and Muhammad Toghan Khan succeeds him
1020 Ali-Tegin, brother of Yusuf Qadir Khan, seizes Bukhara and occupies Sogdia
1024 Ali-Tegin is defeated Yusuf Qadir Khan but recaptures his former territories after his enemies retreat
1026 Muhammad Toghan Khan dies and Yusuf Qadir Khan succeeds him
1032 Battle of Dabusiyya: Altun Tash of the Ghaznavids attacks Ali-Tegin and the battle ends inconclusively
Yusuf Qadir Khan dies
1034 Ali-Tegin dies and Ebu Shuca Sulayman succeeds him
1042 The Kara-Khanid Khanate splits into eastern and western branches - Ebu Shuca Sulayman continues to control the Eastern Karakhanids while Muhammad Arslan Qara Khan controls the Western Karakhanids
1050 Eastern Karakhanids conquer Kucha and Qiemo[10]
1052 Muhammad Arslan Qara Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Böritigin succeeds him
1056 Ebu Shuca Sulayman of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and Muhammad bin Yusuph succeeds him
1057 Muhammad bin Yusuph of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and İbrahim bin Muhammad Khan succeeds him
1059 İbrahim bin Muhammad Khan of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and Mahmud succeeds him
1068 Böritigin of the Western Karakhanids dies and Nasr Shams al-Mulk succeeds him
1075 İbrahim bin Muhammad Khan of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and Umar succeeds him, and Ebu Ali el-Hasan succeeds him
1080 Nasr Shams al-Mulk of the Western Karakhanids dies and Khidr succeeds him
1081 Khidr of the Western Karakhanids dies and Ahmad succeeds him
1089 Seljuk Empire conquers Bukhara and Samarkand and vassalizes the Kara-Khanid Khanate
Ahmad of the Western Karakhanids is restored to power but is killed by the ulama and Ya'qub Qadir Khan succeeds him
1095 Ya'qub Qadir Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Mas'ud succeeds him
1097 Mas'ud of the Western Karakhanids dies and Sulayman Qadir Tamghach succeeds him, and Mahmud Arslan Khan succeeds him
1099 Mahmud Arslan Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Jibrail Arslan Khan succeeds him

12th century

edit
Year Date Event
1102 Jibrail Arslan Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Muhammad Arslan Khan succeeds him
Ebu Ali el-Hasan of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and Ahmad Khan succeeds him
1128 Ahmad Khan of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and İbrahim bin Ahmad succeeds him
1129 Muhammad Arslan Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Nasr succeeds him, and Ahmad Qadir Khan succeeds him
1130 Ahmad Qadir Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Hasan Jalal ad-Dunya succeeds him
Seljuk Empire conquers Samarkand[12]
1132 Hasan Jalal ad-Dunya of the Western Karakhanids dies and Ibrahim Rukn ad-Dunya succeeds him, and Mahmud succeeds him
1133 Qara Khitai conquers Balasagun[13]
1137 Western Karakhanids are defeated by Qara Khitai at Khujand[13]
1141 Battle of Qatwan: The Qara Khitai defeat the Seljuk Empire and vassalizes the Khwarazmian dynasty, the Kingdom of Qocho, and the Kara-Khanid Khanate[13]
Mahmud of the Western Karakhanids dies and Ibrahim Tabghach Khan succeeds him
1156 Ibrahim Tabghach Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Mas'ud Tabghach Khan succeeds him
1158 İbrahim bin Ahmad of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and Muhammad bin İbrahim succeeds him
1160 Western Kharakhanids conquer Balkh[14]
1171 Mas'ud Tabghach Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Muhammad Tabghach Khan succeeds him
1178 Muhammad Tabghach Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Ibrahim Arslan Khan succeeds him

13th century

edit
Year Date Event
1204 Qara Khitai and Karakhanid troops aid Khwarazmian dynasty in fighting the Ghurid dynasty[15]
Ibrahim Arslan Khan of the Western Karakhanids dies and Uthman Ulugh Sultan succeeds him
1205 Yusuph bin Muhammad of the Eastern Karakhanids dies and Ebul Feth Muhammad succeeds him
1211 Eastern Karakhanids are eliminated in a revolt in Kashgar
1212 Muhammad II of Khwarezm annexes the Western Karakhanids[15]

References

edit
  1. ^ Bregel 2003, p. 16.
  2. ^ a b c Bregel 2003, p. 18.
  3. ^ Asimov 1998, p. 33.
  4. ^ a b Golden 1992, p. 198.
  5. ^ a b c Bregel 2003, p. 20.
  6. ^ a b c Bregel 2003, p. 22.
  7. ^ Bregel 2003, p. 23.
  8. ^ Davidovich 1998, p. 121.
  9. ^ a b c Davidovich 1998, p. 122.
  10. ^ a b c Bregel 2003, p. 26.
  11. ^ Grousset 2004, p. 133.
  12. ^ Davidovich 1998, p. 131.
  13. ^ a b c Bregel 2003, p. 30.
  14. ^ Bregel 2003, p. 32.
  15. ^ a b Bregel 2003, p. 34.

Bibliography

edit
  • Andrade, Tonio (2016), The Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History, Princeton University Press, ISBN 978-0-691-13597-7.
  • Asimov, M.S. (1998), History of civilizations of Central Asia Volume IV The age of achievement: A.D. 750 to the end of the fifteenth century Part One The historical, social and economic setting, UNESCO Publishing
  • Barfield, Thomas (1989), The Perilous Frontier: Nomadic Empires and China, Basil Blackwell
  • Barrett, Timothy Hugh (2008), The Woman Who Discovered Printing, Great Britain: Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-12728-7 (alk. paper)
  • Beckwith, Christopher I (1987), The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia: A History of the Struggle for Great Power among Tibetans, Turks, Arabs, and Chinese during the Early Middle Ages, Princeton University Press
  • Biran, Michal (2005), The Empire of the Qara Khitai in Eurasian History: Between China and the Islamic World, Cambridge University Press
  • Bregel, Yuri (2003), An Historical Atlas of Central Asia, Brill
  • Davidovich, E. A. (1998), "The Karakhanids", in Asimov, M.S.; Bosworth, C.E. (eds.), History of Civilisations of Central Asia (PDF), vol. 4 part I, UNESCO Publishing, p. 120, ISBN 92-3-103467-7
  • Drompp, Michael Robert (2005), Tang China And The Collapse Of The Uighur Empire: A Documentary History, Brill
  • Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999), The Cambridge Illustrated History of China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-66991-X (paperback).
  • Ebrey, Patricia Buckley; Walthall, Anne; Palais, James B. (2006), East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, ISBN 0-618-13384-4
  • Golden, Peter. B. (1990), "The Karakhanids and Early Islam", in Sinor, Denis (ed.), The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-2-4304-1
  • Golden, Peter B. (1992), An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples: Ethnogenesis and State-Formation in Medieval and Early Modern Eurasia and the Middle East, OTTO HARRASSOWITZ · WIESBADEN
  • Golden, Peter B. (2011), Central Asia in World History, Oxford University Press
  • Graff, David A. (2002), Medieval Chinese Warfare, 300-900, Warfare and History, London: Routledge, ISBN 0415239559
  • Graff, David Andrew (2016), The Eurasian Way of War Military Practice in Seventh-Century China and Byzantium, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-46034-7.
  • Grousset, Rene (2004), The Empire of the Steppes, Rutgers University Press
  • Hansen, Valerie (2012), The Silk Road: A New History, Oxford University Press
  • Haywood, John (1998), Historical Atlas of the Medieval World, AD 600-1492, Barnes & Noble
  • Latourette, Kenneth Scott (1964), The Chinese, their history and culture, Volumes 1-2, Macmillan
  • Lorge, Peter A. (2008), The Asian Military Revolution: from Gunpowder to the Bomb, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-60954-8
  • Millward, James (2009), Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang, Columbia University Press
  • Moriyasu, Takao (2004), Die Geschichte des uigurischen Manichäismus an der Seidenstrasse: Forschungen zu manichäischen Quellen und ihrem geschichtlichen Hintergrund, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
  • Needham, Joseph (1986), Science & Civilisation in China, vol. V:7: The Gunpowder Epic, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-30358-3
  • Rong, Xinjiang (2013), Eighteen Lectures on Dunhuang, Brill
  • Shaban, M. A. (1979), The ʿAbbāsid Revolution, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-29534-3
  • Sima, Guang (2015), Bóyángbǎn Zīzhìtōngjiàn 54 huánghòu shīzōng 柏楊版資治通鑑54皇后失蹤, Yuǎnliú chūbǎnshìyè gǔfèn yǒuxiàn gōngsī, ISBN 978-957-32-0876-1
  • Skaff, Jonathan Karam (2012), Sui-Tang China and Its Turko-Mongol Neighbors: Culture, Power, and Connections, 580-800 (Oxford Studies in Early Empires), Oxford University Press
  • Soucek, Svatopluk (2000), A history of Inner Asia, Cambridge University Press
  • Starr, S. (2015), Xinjiang: China's Muslim Borderland, Routledge
  • Tetley, G.E. (2009), Ghaznavid and Seljuk Turks: Poetry as a Source for Iranian History, Routledge
  • Thum, Rian (2012), Modular History: Identity Maintenance before Uyghur Nationalism, The Association for Asian Studies, Inc.
  • Wang, Zhenping (2013), Tang China in Multi-Polar Asia: A History of Diplomacy and War, University of Hawaii Press
  • Wilkinson, Endymion (2015). Chinese History: A New Manual, 4th edition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center distributed by Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674088467.
  • Yuan, Shu (2001), Bóyángbǎn Tōngjiàn jìshìběnmò 28 dìèrcìhuànguánshídài 柏楊版通鑑記事本末28第二次宦官時代, Yuǎnliú chūbǎnshìyè gǔfèn yǒuxiàn gōngsī, ISBN 957-32-4273-7
  • Xiong, Victor Cunrui (2000), Sui-Tang Chang'an: A Study in the Urban History of Late Medieval China (Michigan Monographs in Chinese Studies), U OF M CENTER FOR CHINESE STUDIES, ISBN 0892641371
  • Xiong, Victor Cunrui (2009), Historical Dictionary of Medieval China, United States of America: Scarecrow Press, Inc., ISBN 978-0810860537
  • Xue, Zongzheng (1992), Turkic peoples, 中国社会科学出版社
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timeline_of_the_Karluks&oldid=1243496667"