Talk:Bergen, New Netherland

Clutter

To date, I have added most or all entries to this article. To make it comprehensible (readable), I remove all computer-generated/Wikipedia-regulated notations to that fact.86.80.116.183 (talk) 03:06, 4 May 2008 (UTC)

Chronology

The chronology presented in the very early stages of this article is to establish the concept for it, and intended to give a view of where it might go. It offers an opportunity to gather information and make sense of the variety of sources from which it has been collected.Djflem (talk) 21:36, 30 January 2008 (UTC)

• 1524-Verrazano explores USA's East Coast, including Upper New York Bay
• 1609-(09/1609)-Henry Hudson, sailing for Dutch East India Company (VOC), anchors at Weehawken Cove and Harsimus Cove
• 1610-1614-explorations of US northeast coast, including the Maritius River, later known as the North River, and finally the Hudson River
• 1621-(06/03/1621)-Dutch West India Company (WIC) founded.
• 1624-settlement at Noten Eylant (Governor's Island)
• 1625-establishment of New Amsterdam (Lower Manhattan)
• 1629-concept of patroonships established by Dutch West India Company
• 1630-Micheal Pauw purchases two tracts of land: July 13th at "Hopoghan Hackingh" (Hoboken) and Nov 22 at "Ahasimus" (Harismus) and names the contiguous area Pavonia (Hudson County)
• 1633-1638-trading post/ferry established at Paulus Hook, and later homesteads there and at Communipaw, Harsimus, and Hobuk
• 1638-Oratam, sagamore of Hackensack Indians, deeds large tract to Sarah Kiersted at "Achinigeu-hach" (or "Ackingsah-sack")(Hackensack River Valley/Meadowlands)
• 1640-David de Vries establishes Vriessendael (sometimes called Tappan) (Edgewater)
• 1642-Myndert Myndertsen contracts to build farm Achter Col Colony (Bogota)
  • Whiskey War, in which New Netherlanders and Hackensack engage in hostilities
• 1643
  • (02/25/1643)-massacres at Pavonia and Corlears Hook, starting Kieft's War
  • (10/01/43)-retaliation at Pavonia
  • retaliations at Achter Col and Vriessendael, Staten Island and elsewhere throughout New Netherland
• 1645-(08/30/1645)-truce agreed with united Lenape, Wappinger, Mohawk, and Mohegan
• 1646-land patent at Constable Hook to New Amsterdam's chief constable, Jacob Jacobsen Roy, who declines to settle it.
• 1647-(05/11/1647]]-Maryn Andriansen receives land patent (of 169 acres) at Awiehaken (Weehawken)
• 1654-series of land patents at Pavonia/Communipaw extending to Achter Col (Newark Bay)
• 1655-Peach Tree War
• 1658-(01/30/1658)-Peter Stuyvesant "re-purchases" land encompassing all land on the Hudson Penisula "by the great rock above Wiehacken"
• 1660- village established at contemporary Bergen Square
• 1661-Communipaw becomes "distinct and separate".
  • (09/05/1661)-automoous court of justice granted to Bergen, establishing oldest municipality in New Jersey
  • (22/12/1661)-charter for ferry between Communipaw/Bergen, and Manhattan
• 1662
  • (02/09/1662)-ordinance regarding common well for Bergen
• 1663
  • (11/15/1663)-ordinance regarding security and protection of Bergen, requiring construction of palisaded garrison
• 1664
  • (08/27/1664)-British enter upper New York Bay, and New Netherland is soon surrendered to them
  • (10/28/1664)-Elizabethtown Tract
• 1665-land grant to Nicolas Verlet at Hobuk (Hoboken)
  • Concession and Agreement issued, providing religious freedom and protection of private property in the proprietary colony of New Jersey by Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret.
• 1667-(07/31/1667)-Treaty of Breda, in which Dutch decline return of New Netherland
• 1668-(04/07/1668)-"Towne and Corporation of Bergen" granted.
• 1673
  • (08/08/1673)-Dutch "recapture" New Netherland
  • (11/18/1673)-Assembly held at Elzabethtown enacting "Laws and Ordinances" for towns Achter Col
  • (12/18/1673)-"Freedoms and Exemptions" granted to towns Achter Col
• 1674-(02/19/1674)-Treaty of Westminster and final surrender of New Netherland to British.
• 1676-(07/01/1676)-Quintipartite Deed-formalizes East Jersey and West Jersey border
• 1680-(09/22/1680)-charter for village at Bergen acknowledged
• 1682-development of Perth Amboy as the capital of the province East Jersey
• 1683-(03/07/1683)-East Jersey divided into four counties, including Bergen with county seat atBergen Township
• 1693-encampment/trading post at Hackensack
• 1702-New Jersey becomes royal, rather than proprietary, colony
• 1710-Bergen County expanded and county seat moved to Hackensack
• 1714-(01/04/1714)-Bergen Township given royal charter
• 1738-New Jersey granted its own governor
• 1798-Bergen, New Barbadoes, and Hackensack Townships
• 1840-Hudson County created
• 1843-Bergen Township split, creating Township of North Bergen (North Hudson)

Maps

380px Map from 1898 showing New Nederland in 1656 and large holdings of the Colonie van de heer van Nederhorst

The Manatus Map is often cited to have been drawn in 1639 There are two versions of it, and have been later re-produced (and updated?) as late as 1670. The one shown here with a numbered key listing land-holdings, though fairly accurate, does not necessarily correspond with other documente and dates:

• 27. Bouwerie van van Vorst-1634
• 28. v [sic] could this be land at Hoboken leased by van Vorst-1643?
• 29. Bouwerie van Jan Evertsen--1633
• 30. Plantage op de Latzer Hoeck-could this Plantation on the Last Hook correpsond to Constable Hook-1646?
• 31. Vrije Plantage op Powles Hoeck-1638-These "free" plantattion received as land patent as opposed to other property owned by WIC
• 32. Plantage van Maerytensen-likely refers to the Meyndertsz settlement which was located on the western slope (cuesta) of the Palisades the east of the Hackensack River (Achter Col)

The Blau map (circa 1635) does cite Meynderts holding prior to construction Achter Col, though it is not shown on the detail included in this article. The "colonie van de Heer van Nederhorst", as he was known, is shown to include all of northern New Jersey into rockland and Orange Counties, New York.The structures shown along the Hudson, may or may not actually represent the farms/plantation at time but could be Communipaw, Paulus Hook, and Pavonia.

Interestingly, the Visscher Map (based on the Blau Map (not shown in this article)) is cited to be circa 1656. Both Bergen and Milfort (which was the name first given to the settlement at Newark in 1666) are located somewhere in the middle of the state very close to each other. It's likely the map was updated after the creation of the two towns as oppposed to the places receiving there names before settlement.

Unfortunately this map is not exactly correct as to the territory of the different totems/sungroups of Lenape, but does give an idea of the extent of the areas they settled. Until such time a better is found will let standDjflem (talk) 02:29, 26 September 2008 (UTC)

http://www.njarchives.org/links/images/adventurers/sellermap.jpg http://www.nnp.org/nni/Research%20&%20Education/Maps_files/descriptions.htm#4 —Preceding unsigned comment added by Helmerstr (talk • contribs) 15:23, 18 October 2008 (UTC) http://strangemaps.wordpress.com/category/uncategorized/page/3/

Pavonia<>Hudson-Bergen Line<>Vriessendael<>Hackensack<>Tappan Territory

Though there appears to be documentation for Pauw's purchases of land at Harsimus and Hoboken, there is also mention in some sources that his holdings also included part Staten Island. According to the parameters set out in the original concept of patroonships it would seem that his claim would have included all of the Hudson County penisula. It is approximately eight miles from Bergen Point to the county line, which seems an arbitrary place to create a border as there no geograghical features which would determine it. Stuyvesant's re-purchase seems also to correspond to this land area as well. De Vries'holdings seem to correspond to the southern boundry of Tappan Indian activity QUESTION: Why the Hudson/Bergen border is where it is? Could it be possible that the border could also represent the division of territory between the Hackensack (who circulated on Bergen Neck and Hackensack Valley) and the Tappan ( who moved along/atop the Palisades)?

Sara Kiersted?

In 1638, for her work as an emissary and tolk, Sarah Kiersted was deeded a large tract at Achinigeu-hach (or "Ackingsah-sack") (Hackensack River) by Oratam, a shrewd and sage sagamore of Hackensack Indians, though she declined to exploit it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.80.116.183 (talk) 01:17, 19 May 2008 (UTC) Though, it appears the English comfirmed this deed/patent in 1669, no documentation seems available as to when it was originally granted. Any ideas??? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.60.192.44 (talk) 16:58, 28 September 2008 (UTC)

Sources

• http://hhr.highlands.com/virtual.htm
• http://www.nj.gov/state/darm/links/pdf/pasevensettledtowns.pdf
• http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/treasures/trm068.html
• http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/westind.htm
• http://www.jclandmarks.org/tour-bergensq.shtml
• Beck, Sanderson, New Netherland and Stuyvesant 1642-64, http://www.san.beck.org/11-5-Colonies1643-64.html#4}
• History of the County of Hudson, New Jersey, from Its Earliest Settlement to the Present Time, p. 62 Charels, H Winfield, 1874
• Johan van Hartskamp, De Westindische Compangnie en haar Belangen in Niuew-Nederland, een overzicht (1621-1664)http://stuyvesant.library.uu.nl
• David Pietersz de Vries, Korte historiael ende Journaels Aenteykeninge, van verscheyden voyagiens in de vier deelen des wereldts-ronde, als Europa, Africa, Asia, ende America gedaen, (Hoorn, Netherlands, 1655), edited by H.T. Colenbrander, WLV3 (1911)
• W.B.J. van Balen, Holland aan de Hudson (Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1943)
• Jameson J Franklin, ed., Narratives of New York 1608-1664 (New York, 1909)
• http://www.dickshovel.com/wap.html
• Sultzman, Lee (1997). "Wappinger History".
• http://www.BogotaOnLine.org
• http://www.njcu.edu/Programs/jchistory
• http://www.cityofjerseycity.org
• http://www.jerseycityonline.com/history/jc_history.htm 23:07, 23 April 2008 (UTC*New York Times; October 7, 1910. The history of Bergen Village
• Laws and Ordinances of New Netherland 1638-1674, compiled and translated by E.B.Callaghan, 1868
• Joan F. Doherty, Hudson County The Left Bank, ISBN 0-89781-172-0 (Windsor Publications, Inc., 1986)
• Alanson Skinner, The Indians of Manhattan Island and Vicinity, Edmund Otis Hovey, ed., Amserican Museum of Natural History, Sept., 1909
• Kevin W. Wright, The Indigenous Population of County, Bergen County Historical Society
• http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Knickerbocker%27s_History_of_New_York/Book_II/Chapter_II
• http://www.geocities.com/nd7people/Elenap.html
• "The Origin of New Jersey Place Names" (PDF), New Jersey State Library Commission, Federal Writers' Program, 1938, retrieved 2008-04-25

Name

WPA Project: has not always been correct, and quite often absurd

Settlers

As yet only exploring parties bent on trade with the savages had traversed Bergen and Hudson Counties. No one had ventured to "take up" any lands there. But now, under the stimulus of the bill of "Freedoms and Exemptions," one Michael Pauw, then burgomaster of Amsterdam, was impelled, for speculative purposes no doubt, to obtain from the Director General of New Netherland, in 1630. The grantee gave one place the name of "Pavonia." Pauw failed to comply with the conditions set forth in his deeds and was obliged, after three years of controversy with the West India Company, to convey his "plantations" back to that company. Michael Paulesen, an official of the company, was placed in charge of them as superintendent. It is said he built and occupied a hut at Paulus Hook early in 1633. If so, it was the first building of any kind erected in either Bergen or Hudson County. Later in the same year the company built two more houses: one at Communipaw, afterward purchased by Jan Everise Bout, the other at Ahasimus (now Jersey City, east of the Hill), afterward purchased by Cornelius Van Vorst.. Jan Everise Bout succeeded Michael Paulesen as superintendet of the Pauw plantation, June 17, 1634, with headquarters at Communipaw, then the capital of Pavonia Colony. He was succeeded in June, 1636, by Cornelius Van Vorst, with headquarters at Ahasimus, where he kept "open house" and entertained the New Amsterdam officials in great style.

In 1641 one Myndert Mynderise, of Amsterdam (bearing the ponderous title of "Van der Herr Nedderhorst,") obtained a grant of all the country behind (west of) Achter Kull (Newark Bay), and from thence north to Tappan, including part of what is now Bergen and Hudson Counties. Accompanied by a number of soldiers, Mynderise occupied his purchase, established a camp, and proceeded to civilize the Indians by military methods. It is needless to say that he failed.

---

17

He soon abandoned the perilous undertaking of foundign a colony, returned to Holland, and the title to this grant was forfeited. Early in 1638 William Kleft became Director General of New Netherland, and on the first day of May following granted to Abraham Isaacsen Planck (Verplanck) a patent for Paulus Hook (now lower Jersey City).

There were now two "plantations" at Bergen, those of Planck and Van Vorst. Parts of these, however, had been leased to, and were then occupied by, Clacs Jansen Van Purmerend, Dirck Straatmaker, Barent Jansen, Jan Cornelissen Buys, Jan Evertsen Carsbon, Michael Jansen, Jacob Stoffelsen, Aert Teunisen, Van Putten, Egbert Woutersen, Garret Dirckse Blauw, and Cornelius Arlessen. Van Putten had also leased and located on a farm at Hoboken. All those, with their families and servants, constituted a thriving settlement. The existence of the settlement of Bergen was now imperiled by the nets of Governor Kleft, whose idea of government was baed mainly upon the principle that the governor should get all he could out of the governed. His treatment of the Indians soon incited their distrust and hatred of the whites. The savages, for the first time, began to show symptoms of open hostility. Captain Jan Petersen de Vries, a distinguished navigator, who was then engaged in the difficulttask of trying to foudn a colony at Tappan, sought every means in his power to conciliate the Indians, and to persuade Kleft that his treatment of them would result in bloodshed.

The crafty and selfish governor turned a deaf ear to all warnings and advice and continued to goad the Indians by cruel treatment and harsh methods of taxation. In 1643 an Indiana -- no doubt under stress of great provocation -- shot and killed a member of the Van Vorst family. This first act of murder furnished a pretext for the whites and precipitated what is called "The Massacre of Pavonia," on the night of February 25, 1643, when Kleft, with a sergeant and eighty soldiers, armed and equipped for slaughter, crossed the Hudson, landed at Communipaw, attached the Indians while they were asleep in their camp, and, without regard to age or sex, deliberately, and in the most horrible manner, butchered nearly a hundred of them. Stung by this outrage upon their neighbors and kinsmen, the norther tribes at once took the war path, attached the settlement, burned the buildings, murdered the settlers, wiped the villages out of existence, and laid waste the country round about. Those of the settlers who were not killed outright fled across the river ot New Amsterdam. Nor was peace restored between the savages and the whites until August, 1645, when the remaining owners and tenatns of the farms returned to the stie of the old village, rebuilt their homes, and started anew.

Kleft having been driven from office, Petrus Stuyvesant was made

---

18

Director General, July 28, 1646. Under his administration the settlement at Bergen wa revived, grew rapidly, and prospered. Between his arrival and the year 1669 the following named persons purchased or leased lands, though all of them did not become actual residents: Michyael Pauw, Michael Paulesen, Jan Everise Bout, Cornelius Van Vorst, Myndert Myndertsen Van der Heer Nedderhorst, Abraham Isaacsen Planck (Verplanck), Claes Jansen Van Purmerend (Cooper), Dirk Strantmaker, Barent Jansen, Jan Cornellssen Buys, John Evert-

---

17

sen Carsbon, Michael Jansen (Vreeland), Jacob Stoffelsen, Aert Tennisen Van Putten, Egbert Wontersen, Garret Dircksen Blauw, Cornelius Ariesen, Jacob Jacobsen Roy, Francisco Van Angola (negro), Guilliaem Cornellesen, Dirk Syean, Claes Carsten Norman, Jacob Wallengen (Van Winkel), James Luby, Lubbert Gerritsen, Gysbert Lubberisen, John Garretssen, Van Immen, Thomas Davison, Garret Pietersen, Jan Cornelissen Schoenmaker, Jan Cornelissen Crynnen, Casper Stimets, Peter Jansen, Hendrick Janns Van Schalckwyck, Nicholas Bayard, Nicholas Varlet, Herman Smeeman, Tielman Van Vleeck, Donwe Harmansen (Tallman), Claes Jansen Bakcer, Egbert Steenhuysen, Harmen Edwards Paulus Pietersen, Allerd Anthony, John Vigne, Paulus Leendertsen, John Vergruggen, Balthazar Bayard, Samuel Edsall, and Aerent Laurens.

All these persons received their deeds, or such titles as they had from the Dutch, through the different Director Generals.

The English captured New Netherland from the Dutch in 1664, and, thereupon, Philip Carteret, by an appointment of the "Lords-Proprietors" of the Province of East New Jersey, became its first governor. The titles of the settlers of Bergen were confirmed by Carteret and his council in 1668. In 1669, following his appointment as governor, Carteret also granted other portions of the lands in Hudson County to the following named persons: Maryn Adrianse, Peter Stuyvesant, Claes Petersen Cors, Severn Laurens, Hendrick Jansen Spier, Peter Jansent Slott, Barent Christianse, Mark Noble, Samuel Moore, Adrian Post, Guert Coerten, Frederick Phillipse, Thomas Frederick de Kuyper, Guert Geretsen (Van Wagenen), Peter Jacobsen, John Berry, Ide Cornelius Van Vorst, Hans Diedrick, Hendrick Van Ostum, Cornelius Ruyven.

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