The Jwauijeong [tɕwa ɰi tɕʌŋ] was the Second State Councillor[1][2] of the Uijeongbu (State Council), subordinate in rank only to the Yeonguijeong, during the Joseon Dynasty of Korea (1392 -1910).[3] Only one official was appointed to the position and was variously referred to as Jwasang, Jwajeongseung, Jwagyu, Jwahap, or Jwadae.[3]
| Jwauijeong | |
 Portrait of Ha Yeon who served as Jwauijeong during the King Sejong's reign. | |
| Korean name | |
|---|---|
| Hangul | 좌의정/ 좌상/ 좌정승/ 좌규/ 좌합/ 좌대 |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Jwauijeong[1]/ Jwasang / Jwajeongseung / Jwagyu / Jwahap / Jwadae |
| McCune–Reischauer | chwaŭijŏng / chwasang/ chwakyu / chwahap / chwadae |
Since its foundation, the Joseon Dynasty, which had succeeded to the state apparatus of the Goryeo Dynasty (918 – 1392), had been adjusting its government organization. In 1400, the second year after King Jeongjong came to the throne, he renamed the Dopyeonguisasa (都評議事司; Privy Council[4]), the highest organ in charge of the state affairs of Goryeo, to Uijeongbu and created the post of Jwauijeong along with that of Uuijeong (Third State Councillor[5]). The three officials were collectively referred to as the Samjeongseung (Three top officials[6]) or the Samuijeong (Three High Councilors).[3]
List of the Left State CouncillorsEdit
| Name | In office | Kings | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name in English | Name in Hangul | Name in Hanja | |||
| Bae Geuk-ryeom | 배극렴 | 裵克廉 | 1392 | Taejo | as Munha Jwasijung (문하좌시중) |
| Jo Jun | 조준 | 趙浚 | 1392-1399 | Taejo | as Munha Jwajeongseung (문하좌정승) |
| Sim Deok-bu | 심덕부 | 沈德符 | 1399-1400 | Jeongjong | as Munha Jwajeongseung |
| Seong Seok-rin | 성석린 | 成石璘 | 1400 | Jeongjong | as Munha Jwajeongseung |
| Min Je | 민제 | 閔霽 | 1400 | Jeongjong | as Munha Jwajeongseung |
| Yi Geo-i | 이거이 | 李居易 | 1400-1401 | Jeongjong | as Munha Jwajeongseung |
| Kim Sa-hyeong | 김사형 | 金士衡 | 1401-1402 | Taejong | as Munha Jwajeongseung |
| Ha Ryun | 하륜 | 河崙 | 1402-1404 | Taejong | as Munha Jwajeongseung |
| Jo Jun | 조준 | 趙浚 | 1404-1405 | Taejong | as Munha Jwajeongseung |
| Ha Ryun | 하륜 | 河崙 | 1405-1407 | Taejong | as Munha Jwajeongseung |
| Seong Seok-rin | 성석린 | 成石璘 | 1407-1412 | Jeongjong | as Munha Jwajeongseung |
| Ha Ryun | 하륜 | 河崙 | 1412-1414 | Taejong | as Munha Jwajeongseung |
| Nam Jae | 남재 | 南在 | 1414-1415 | Taejong | |
| Ha Ryun | 하륜 | 河崙 | 1415-1416 | Taejong | |
| Ryu Jeong-hyeon | 류정현 | 柳廷顯 | 1416 | Taejong | |
| Park Eun | 박은 | 朴訔 | 1416-1421 | Taejong | |
| Yi Won | 이원 | 李原 | 1421-1426 | Sejong | |
| Ryu Jeong-hyeon | 류정현 | 柳廷顯 | 1426 | Taejong | |
| Yi Jik | 이직 | 李稷 | 1426-1427 | Sejong | |
| Hwang Hui | 황희 | 黃喜 | 1427-1430 | Sejong | |
| Maeng Sa-seong | 맹사성 | 孟思誠 | 1431-1435 | Sejong | |
| Choi Yun-deok | 최윤덕 | 崔閏德 | 1435-1436 | Sejong | |
| Heo Jo | 허조 | 許稠 | 1439 | Sejong | |
| Sin Gae | 신개 | 申槩 | 1445-1446 | Sejong | |
| Ha Yeon | 하연 | 河演 | 1447-1449 | Sejong | |
| Hwang-bo In | 황보인 | 皇甫仁 | 1449-1451 | Sejong | |
| Nam Ji | 남지 | 南智 | 1451-1452 | Munjong | |
| Kim Jong-seo | 김종서 | 金宗瑞 | 1452-1453 | Danjong | |
| Jeong In-ji | 정인지 | 鄭麟趾 | 1453-1455 | Danjong | |
| Han Hwak | 한확 | 韓確 | 1455-1456 | Sejo | |
| Yi Sa-cheol | 이사철 | 李思哲 | 1456 | Sejo | |
| Jeong Chang-son | 정창손 | 鄭昌孫 | 1457-1458 | Sejo | |
| Gang Maeng-gyeong | 강맹경 | 姜孟卿 | 1458-1459 | Sejo | |
| Sin Suk-ju | 신숙주 | 申叔舟 | 1459-1462 | Sejo | |
| Gwon Ram | 권람 | 權擥 | 1462-1463 | Sejo | |
| Han Myeong-hoe | 한명회 | 韓明澮 | 1463-1464 | Sejo | |
| Gu Ji-gwan | 구치관 | 具致寬 | 1464-1466 | Sejo | |
| Hwang Su-sin | 황수신 | 黃守身 | 1466 | Sejo | |
| Sim Hoe | 심회 | 沈澮 | 1466-1467 | Sejo | |
| Choe Hang | 최항 | 崔恒 | 1467 | Sejo | |
| Jo Seok-mun | 조석문 | 曺錫文 | 1467 | Sejo | |
| Hong Dal-son | 홍달손 | 洪達孫 | 1467-1468 | Sejo | |
| Park Won-hyeong | 박원형 | 朴元亨 | 1468 | Sejo | |
| Kim Jil | 김질 | 金礩 | 1468-1469 | Yejong | |
| Hong Yun-seong | 홍윤성 | 洪允成 | 1469 | Yejong | |
| Yun Ja-un | 윤자운 | 尹子雲 | 1469-1470 | Yejong | |
| Kim Guk-gwang | 김국광 | 金國光 | 1470-1471 | Seongjong | |
| Choe Hang | 최항 | 崔恒 | 1471-1474 | Seongjong | |
| Han Myeong-hoe | 한명회 | 韓明澮 | 1474-1476 | Seongjong | |
| Jo Seok-mun | 조석문 | 曺錫文 | 1476 | Seongjong | |
| Sim Hoe | 심회 | 沈澮 | 1476-1479 | Seongjong | |
| Yun Pil-sang | 윤필상 | 尹弼商 | 1479-1485 | Seongjong | |
| Hong Eung | 홍응 | 洪應 | 1485-1492 | Seongjong | |
| No Sa-sin | 노사신 | 盧思愼 | 1492-1495 | Seongjong | |
| Shin Seung-seon | 신승선 | 愼承善 | 1495 | Yeonsangun | |
| Jeong Gwal | 정괄 | 鄭佸 | 1495 | Yeonsangun | |
| Eo Se-gyeom | 어세겸 | 魚世謙 | 1496-1498 | Yeonsangun | |
| Han Chi-hyeong | 한치형 | 韓致亨 | 1498-1500 | Yeonsangun | |
| Seong Jun | 성준 | 成俊 | 1500-1503 | Yeonsangun | |
| Yi Geuk-gyun | 이극균 | 李克均 | 1503-1504 | Yeonsangun | |
| Ryu Sun | 류순 | 柳洵 | 1504 | Yeonsangun | |
| Heo Chim | 허침 | 許琛 | 1504-1505 | Yeonsangun | |
| Park Sung-jil | 박숭질 | 朴崇質 | 1505-1506 | Yeonsangun | |
| Shin Su-geun | 신수근 | 愼守勤 | 1506 | Yeonsangun | |
| Kim Su-dong | 김수동 | 金壽童 | 1506 | Jungjong | |
| Park Won-jong | 박원종 | 朴元宗 | 1506-1509 | Jungjong | |
| Ryu Sun-jeong | 류순정 | 柳順汀 | 1509-1512 | Jungjong | |
| Seong Hui-an | 성희안 | 成希顔 | 1512-1513 | Jungjong | |
| Song Jil | 송질 | 宋軼 | 1513 | Jungjong | |
| Jeong Gwang-pil | 정광필 | 鄭光弼 | 1513-1516 | Jungjong | |
| Kim Eung-gi | 김응기 | 金應箕 | 1516-1518 | Jungjong | |
| Shin Yong-gae | 신용개 | 申用漑 | 1518-1519 | Jungjong | |
| An Dang | 안당 | 安瑭 | 1519 | Jungjong | |
| Nam Gon | 남곤 | 南袞 | 1519-1523 | Jungjong | |
| Yi Yu-cheong | 이유청 | 李惟淸 | 1523-1527 | Jungjong | |
| Jeong Gwang-pil | 정광필 | 鄭光弼 | 1527 | Jungjong | |
| Sim Jeong | 심정 | 沈貞 | 1527-1530 | Jungjong | |
| Yi Hang | 이항 | 李沆 | 1530-1531 | Jungjong | |
| Jang Sun-son | 장순손 | 張順孫 | 1531-1533 | Jungjong | |
| Han Hyo-won | 한효원 | 韓效元 | 1533-1534 | Jungjong | |
| Kim Geun-sa | 김근사 | 金謹思 | 1534-1535 | Jungjong | |
| Kim Ahn-ro | 김안로 | 金安老 | 1535-1537 | Jungjong | |
| Yun Eun-bo | 윤은보 | 尹殷輔 | 1537 | Jungjong | |
| Ryu Bu | 류부 | 柳溥 | 1537 | Jungjong | |
| Hong Eon-pil | 홍언필 | 洪彦弼 | 1537-1545 | Jungjong | |
| Yun In-gyeong | 윤인경 | 尹仁鏡 | 1545 | Injong | |
| Ryu Gwan | 류관 | 柳灌 | 1545 | Injong | |
| Seong Se-chang | 성세창 | 成世昌 | 1545 | Myeongjong | |
| Yi Gi | 이기 | 李芑 | 1545-1548 | Myeongjong | |
| Hong Eon-pil | 홍언필 | 洪彦弼 | 1548 | Myeongjong | |
| Yun In-gyeong | 윤인경 | 尹仁鏡 | 1548 | Myeongjong | |
| Hwang Heon | 황헌 | 黃憲 | 1548-1549 | Myeongjong | |
| Sim Yeon-won | 심연원 | 沈連源 | 1549-1551 | Myeongjong | |
| Sang Jin | 상진 | 尙震 | 1551-1558 | Myeongjong | |
| Yun Gae | 윤개 | 尹漑 | 1558 | Myeongjong | |
| An Hyeon | 안현 | 安玹 | 1558-1560 | Myeongjong | |
| Yi Jun-gyeong | 이준경 | 李浚慶 | 1560-1564 | Myeongjong | |
| Sim Tong-won | 심통원 | 沈通源 | 1564-1565 | Myeongjong | |
| Yi Myeong | 이명 | 李蓂 | 1565-1567 | Myeongjong, Seonjo | |
| Gwon Cheol | 권철 | 權轍 | 1567-1571 | Seonjo | |
| Hong Seom | 홍섬 | 洪暹 | 1571-1573 | Seonjo | |
| Park Sun | 박순 | 朴淳 | 1573-1574 | Seonjo | |
| Yi Tak | 이탁 | 李鐸 | 1574 | Seonjo | |
| Park Sun | 박순 | 朴淳 | 1574-1576 | Seonjo | |
| Hong Seom | 홍섬 | 洪暹 | 1576-1578 | Seonjo | |
| No Su-sin | 노수신 | 盧守愼 | 1578-1581 | Seonjo | |
| Kim Gwi-yeong | 김귀영 | 金貴榮 | 1581-1583 | Seonjo | |
| Jeong Yu-gil | 정유길 | 鄭惟吉 | 1583-1584 | Seonjo | |
| No Su-sin | 노수신 | 盧守愼 | 1584-1585 | Seonjo | |
| Jeong Yu-gil | 정유길 | 鄭惟吉 | 1585-1588 | Seonjo | |
| Ryu Jeon | 류전 | 柳琠 | 1588-1589 | Seonjo | |
| Yi San-hae | 이산해 | 李山海 | 1589-1590 | Seonjo | |
| Jeong Cheol | 정철 | 鄭澈 | 1590-1591 | Seonjo | |
| Ryu Seong-ryong | 류성룡 | 柳成龍 | 1591-1592 | Seonjo | |
| Yi Yang-won | 이양원 | 李陽元 | 1592 | Seonjo | |
| Choi Heung-won | 최흥원 | 崔興源 | 1592 | Seonjo | |
| Yun Doo-su | 윤두수 | 尹斗壽 | 1592-1594 | Seonjo | |
| Yu Hong | 유홍 | 兪泓 | 1594 | Seonjo | |
| Kim Eung-nam | 김응남 | 金應南 | 1595-1597 | Seonjo | |
| Yun Doo-su | 윤두수 | 尹斗壽 | 1598 | Seonjo | |
| Yi Won-ik | 이원익 | 李元翼 | 1598 | Seonjo | |
| Yi Deok-hyeong | 이덕형 | 李德馨 | 1598-1599 | Seonjo | |
| Sim Su-gyeong | 심수경 | 沈守慶 | 1599 | Seonjo | |
| Yi Deok-hyeong | 이덕형 | 李德馨 | 1599 | Seonjo | |
| Yi Hang-bok | 이항복 | 李恒福 | 1599 | Seonjo | |
| Yi Deok-hyeong | 이덕형 | 李德馨 | 1599 | Seonjo | |
| Yi Heon-guk | 이헌국 | 李憲國 | 1599-1600 | Seonjo | |
| Yi Hang-bok | 이항복 | 李恒福 | 1600 | Seonjo | |
| Jeong Tak | 정탁 | 鄭琢 | 1600 | Seonjo | |
| Yi Won-ik | 이원익 | 李元翼 | 1600 | Seonjo | |
| Yi Hang-bok | 이항복 | 李恒福 | 1600 | Seonjo | |
| Yi Heon-guk | 이헌국 | 李憲國 | 1600-1601 | Seonjo | |
| Kim Myeong-won | 김명원 | 金命元 | 1601-1602 | Seonjo | |
| Yun Seung-hun | 윤승훈 | 尹承勳 | 1602-1604 | Seonjo | |
| Ryu Yeong-gyeong | 류영경 | 柳永慶 | 1604 | Seonjo | |
| Gi Ja-heon | 기자헌 | 奇自獻 | 1604-1606 | Seonjo | |
| Sim Hui-su | 심희수 | 沈喜壽 | 1606 | Seonjo | |
| Heo Uk | 허욱 | 許頊 | 1606-1608 | Seonjo | |
| Gi Ja-heon | 기자헌 | 奇自獻 | 1608 | Gwanghaegun | |
| Yi Hang-bok | 이항복 | 李恒福 | 1608-1611 | Gwanghaegun | |
| Yi Deok-hyeong | 이덕형 | 李德馨 | 1611-1612 | Gwanghaegun | |
| Yi Hang-bok | 이항복 | 李恒福 | 1612-1613 | Gwanghaegun | |
| Jeong In-hong | 정인홍 | 鄭仁弘 | 1614-1617 | Gwanghaegun | |
| Jeong Chang-yeon | 정창연 | 鄭昌衍 | 1617-1618 | Gwanghaegun | |
| Han Hyo-sun | 한효순 | 韓孝純 | 1618 | Gwanghaegun | |
| Min Mong-ryong | 민몽룡 | 閔夢龍 | 1618 | Gwanghaegun | |
| Park Seung-jong | 박승종 | 朴承宗 | 1618-1619 | Gwanghaegun | |
| Park Hong-gu | 박홍구 | 朴弘耉 | 1619-1623 | Gwanghaegun | |
| Jeong Chang-yeon | 정창연 | 鄭昌衍 | 1623 | Injo | |
| Yun Bang | 윤방 | 尹昉 | 1623-1627 | Injo | |
| Shin Heum | 신흠 | 申欽 | 1627 | Injo | |
| O Yun-gyeom | 오윤겸 | 吳允謙 | 1627-1628 | Injo | |
| Kim Ryu | 김류 | 金瑬 | 1628-1631 | Injo | |
| Yi Jeong-gu | 이정구 | 李廷龜 | 1631-1632 | Injo | |
| Kim Ryu | 김류 | 金瑬 | 1633 | Injo | |
| O Yun-gyeom | 오윤겸 | 吳允謙 | 1633-1636 | Injo | |
| Hong Seo-bong | 홍서봉 | 洪瑞鳳 | 1636-1637 | Injo | |
| Yi Seong-gu | 이성구 | 李聖求 | 1637 | Injo | |
| Choe Myeong-gil | 최명길 | 崔鳴吉 | 1637-1638 | Injo | |
| Shin Gyeong-jin | 신경진 | 申景禛 | 1638-1643 | Injo | |
| Sin Yeol | 심열 | 沈悅 | 1643 | Injo | |
| Sin Gi-won | 심기원 | 沈器遠 | 1643 | Injo | |
| Kim Ja-jeom | 김자점 | 金自點 | 1643-1644 | Injo | |
| Sin Yeol | 심열 | 沈悅 | 1644 | Injo | |
| Hong Seo-bong | 홍서봉 | 洪瑞鳳 | 1644 | Injo | |
| Sin Yeol | 심열 | 沈悅 | 1644-1645 | Injo | |
| Hong Seo-bong | 홍서봉 | 洪瑞鳳 | 1645 | Injo | |
| Kim Ja-jeom | 김자점 | 金自點 | 1646 | Injo | |
| Kim Sang-heon | 김상헌 | 金尙憲 | 1646 | Injo | |
| Yi Gyeong-seok | 이경석 | 李景奭 | 1647 | Injo | |
| Nam Yi-ung | 남이웅 | 南以雄 | 1648 | Injo | |
| Yi Gyeong-seok | 이경석 | 李景奭 | 1648-1649 | Injo | |
| Kim Sang-heon | 김상헌 | 金尙憲 | 1649 | Hyojong | |
| Jeong Tae-hwa | 정태화 | 鄭太和 | 1649 | Hyojong | |
| Jo Ik | 조익 | 趙翼 | 1649-1650 | Hyojong | |
| Jeong Tae-hwa | 정태화 | 鄭太和 | 1650 | Hyojong | |
| Jo Ik | 조익 | 趙翼 | 1649-1650 | Hyojong | |
| Yi Si-baek | 이시백 | 李時白 | 1650-1651 | Hyojong | |
| Kim Yuk | 김육 | 金堉 | 1651-1654 | Hyojong | |
| Yi Si-baek | 이시백 | 李時白 | 1654 | Hyojong | |
| Gu In-hu | 구인후 | 具仁垕 | 1654-1656 | Hyojong | |
| Sim Ji-won | 심지원 | 沈之源 | 1656-1657 | Hyojong | |
| Won Doo-pyo | 원두표 | 元斗杓 | 1657-1659 | Hyojong | |
| Sim Ji-won | 심지원 | 沈之源 | 1659-1662 | Hyeonjong | |
| Won Doo-pyo | 원두표 | 元斗杓 | 1662-1664 | Hyeonjong | |
| Hong Myeong-ha | 홍명하 | 洪命夏 | 1664-1667 | Hyeonjong | |
| Heo Jeok | 허적 | 許積 | 1667 | Hyeonjong | |
| Jeong Chi-hwa | 정치화 | 鄭致和 | 1668 | Hyeonjong | |
| Heo Jeok | 허적 | 許積 | 1668-1671 | Hyeonjong | |
| Jeong Chi-hwa | 정치화 | 鄭致和 | 1671-1672 | Hyeonjong | |
| Song Si-yeol | 송시열 | 宋時烈 | 1672 | Hyeonjong | |
| Kim Su-hang | 김수항 | 金壽恒 | 1672-1673 | Hyeonjong | |
| Yi Gyeong-eok | 이경억 | 李慶億 | 1673 | Hyeonjong | |
| Song Si-yeol | 송시열 | 宋時烈 | 1673 | Hyeonjong | |
| Jeong Ji-hwa | 정지화 | 鄭知和 | 1674 | Hyeonjong | |
| Kim Su-hang | 김수항 | 金壽恒 | 1674 | Hyeonjong | |
| Jeong Chi-hwa | 정치화 | 鄭致和 | 1674-1675 | Sukjong | |
| Kim Su-hang | 김수항 | 金壽恒 | 1675 | Sukjong | |
| Gwon Dae-un | 권대운 | 權大運 | 1675-1679 | Sukjong | |
| Min Hui | 민희 | 閔熙 | 1679-1680 | Sukjong | |
| Jeong Ji-hwa | 정지화 | 鄭知和 | 1680 | Sukjong | |
| Min Jeong-jung | 민정중 | 閔鼎重 | 1680-1684 | Sukjong | |
| Jeong Ji-hwa | 정지화 | 鄭知和 | 1684-1685 | Sukjong | |
| Min Jeong-jung | 민정중 | 閔鼎重 | 1685 | Sukjong | |
| Jeong Ji-hwa | 정지화 | 鄭知和 | 1685 | Sukjong | |
| Nam Gu-man | 남구만 | 南九萬 | 1685-1687 | Sukjong | |
| Yi Dang-ha | 이단하 | 李端夏 | 1687 | Sukjong | |
| Jo Sa-seok | 조사석 | 趙師錫 | 1688-1689 | Sukjong | |
| Ye Seong-je | 여성제 | 呂聖齊 | 1689 | Sukjong | |
| Mok Nae-seon | 목내선 | 睦來善 | 1689-1694 | Sukjong | |
| Min Am | 민암 | 閔黯 | 1694 | Sukjong | |
| Park Se-chae | 박세채 | 朴世采 | 1694-1695 | Sukjong | |
| Ryu Sang-un | 류상운 | 柳尙運 | 1695-1696 | Sukjong | |
| Yun Ji-seon | 윤지선 | 尹趾善 | 1696-1698 | Sukjong | |
| Yi Se-baek | 이세백 | 李世白 | 1698-1699 | Sukjong | |
| Choi Seok-jeong | 최석정 | 崔錫鼎 | 1699 | Sukjong | |
| Yi Se-baek | 이세백 | 李世白 | 1700-1703 | Sukjong | |
| Shin Wan | 신완 | 申琓 | 1703 | Sukjong | |
| Yi Ye | 이여 | 李畲 | 1703-1705 | Sukjong | |
| Seo Jong-tae | 서종태 | 徐宗泰 | 1706-1707 | Sukjong | |
| Kim Chang-jip | 김창집 | 金昌集 | 1707 | Sukjong | |
| Yi Yu | 이유 | 李濡 | 1707-1708 | Sukjong | |
| Yi Yi-myeong | 이이명 | 李頣命 | 1709 | Sukjong | |
| Seo Jong-tae | 서종태 | 徐宗泰 | 1709-1711 | Sukjong | |
| Kim Chang-jip | 김창집 | 金昌集 | 1711-1712 | Sukjong | |
| Seo Jong-tae | 서종태 | 徐宗泰 | 1712 | Sukjong | |
| Yi Yi-myeong | 이이명 | 李頣命 | 1713 | Sukjong | |
| Kim Chang-jip | 김창집 | 金昌集 | 1713-1717 | Sukjong | |
| Yi Yi-myeong | 이이명 | 李頣命 | 1717 | Sukjong | |
| Gwon Sang-ha | 권상하 | 權尙夏 | 1717-1720 | Sukjong | |
| Yi Gyeon-myeong | 이건명 | 李健命 | 1720-1721 | Gyeongjong | |
| Choi Gyu-seo | 최규서 | 崔奎瑞 | 1721-1723 | Gyeongjong | |
| Choe Seok-hang | 최석항 | 崔錫恒 | 1723-1724 | Gyeongjong | |
| Yi Gwang-jwa | 이광좌 | 李光佐 | 1724 | Yeongjo | |
| Ryu Bong-hwi | 류봉휘 | 柳鳳輝 | 1724-1725 | Yeongjo | |
| Jo Tae-eok | 조태억 | 趙泰億 | 1725 | Yeongjo | |
| Jeong Ho | 정호 | 鄭澔 | 1725 | Yeongjo | |
| Min Jin-won | 민진원 | 閔鎭遠 | 1725-1726 | Yeongjo | |
| Hong Chi-jung | 홍치중 | 洪致中 | 1726-1727 | Yeongjo | |
| Jo Tae-eok | 조태억 | 趙泰億 | 1727-1728 | Yeongjo | |
| Hong Chi-jung | 홍치중 | 洪致中 | 1728-1729 | Yeongjo | |
| Yi Tae-jwa | 이태좌 | 李台佐 | 1729 | Yeongjo | |
| Yi Jip | 이집 | 李㙫 | 1730-1731 | Yeongjo | |
| Jo Mun-myeong | 조문명 | 趙文命 | 1732 | Yeongjo | |
| Seo Myeong-gyun | 서명균 | 徐命均 | 1732-1735 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Jae-ro | 김재로 | 金在魯 | 1735-1740 | Yeongjo | |
| Song In-myeong | 송인명 | 宋寅明 | 1740-1746 | Yeongjo | |
| Jeong Seok-o | 정석오 | 鄭錫五 | 1746-1747 | Yeongjo | |
| Jo Hyeon-myeong | 조현명 | 趙顯命 | 1747-1749 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Yak-ro | 김약로 | 金若魯 | 1749-1751 | Yeongjo | |
| Jo Hyeon-myeong | 조현명 | 趙顯命 | 1751 | Yeongjo | |
| Yi Jong-seong | 이종성 | 李宗城 | 1752 | Yeongjo | |
| Yi Cheon-bo | 이천보 | 李天輔 | 1752-1754 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Sang-ro | 김상로 | 金尙魯 | 1754-1758 | Yeongjo | |
| Shin Man | 신만 | 申晩 | 1758-1759 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Sang-ro | 김상로 | 金尙魯 | 1759 | Yeongjo | |
| Shin Man | 신만 | 申晩 | 1759-1760 | Yeongjo | |
| Yi Hu | 이후 | 李𪻶 | 1760-1761 | Yeongjo | |
| Hong Bong-han | 홍봉한 | 洪鳳漢 | 1761 | Yeongjo | |
| Jeong Hwi-ryang | 정휘량 | 鄭翬良 | 1761 | Yeongjo | |
| Hong Bong-han | 홍봉한 | 洪鳳漢 | 1762-1763 | Yeongjo | |
| Yun Dong-do | 윤동도 | 尹東度 | 1763-1765 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Sang-bok | 김상복 | 金相福 | 1765-1766 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Chi-in | 김치인 | 金致仁 | 1766 | Yeongjo | |
| Yun Dong-do | 윤동도 | 尹東度 | 1766 | Yeongjo | |
| Han Ik-mo | 한익모 | 韓翼謩 | 1766-1768 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Yang-taek | 김양택 | 金陽澤 | 1768 | Yeongjo | |
| Han Ik-mo | 한익모 | 韓翼謩 | 1768 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Yang-taek | 김양택 | 金陽澤 | 1768-1769 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Sang-bok | 김상복 | 金相福 | 1769-1770 | Yeongjo | |
| Han Ik-mo | 한익모 | 韓翼謩 | 1770-1772 | Yeongjo | |
| Sin Hoe | 신회 | 申晦 | 1772 | Yeongjo | |
| Yi Eun | 이은 | 李溵 | 1772 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Sang-cheol | 김상철 | 金尙喆 | 1772 | Yeongjo | |
| Yi Chang-ui | 이창의 | 李昌誼 | 1772 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Sang-cheol | 김상철 | 金尙喆 | 1772 | Yeongjo | |
| Yi Eun | 이은 | 李溵 | 1772-1773 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Sang-cheol | 김상철 | 金尙喆 | 1773-1774 | Yeongjo | |
| Yi Eun | 이은 | 李溵 | 1774 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Sang-cheol | 김상철 | 金尙喆 | 1774 | Yeongjo | |
| Yi Eun | 이은 | 李溵 | 1774 | Yeongjo | |
| Yi Sa-gwan | 이사관 | 李思觀 | 1774-1775 | Yeongjo | |
| Hong In-han | 홍인한 | 洪麟漢 | 1775 | Yeongjo | |
| Yi Sa-gwan | 이사관 | 李思觀 | 1775-1776 | Yeongjo | |
| Yi Eun | 이은 | 李溵 | 1776 | Yeongjo | |
| Sin Hoe | 신회 | 申晦 | 1776 | Yeongjo | |
| Kim Sang-cheol | 김상철 | 金尙喆 | 1776 | Jeongjo | |
| Jeong Jon-gyeom | 정존겸 | 鄭存謙 | 1776 | Jeongjo | |
| Kim Sang-cheol | 김상철 | 金尙喆 | 1776-1777 | Jeongjo | |
| Jeong Jon-gyeom | 정존겸 | 鄭存謙 | 1777-1778 | Jeongjo | |
| Seo Myeong-seon | 서명선 | 徐命善 | 1778-1779 | Jeongjo | |
| Hong Nak-sun | 홍낙순 | 洪樂純 | 1779-1780 | Jeongjo | |
| Yi Eun | 이은 | 李溵 | 1780 | Jeongjo | |
| Seo Myeong-seon | 서명선 | 徐命善 | 1780-1781 | Jeongjo | |
| Hong Nak-sun | 홍낙순 | 洪樂純 | 1782 | Jeongjo | |
| Yi Bok-won | 이복원 | 李福源 | 1782-1783 | Jeongjo | |
| Hong Nak-sun | 홍낙순 | 洪樂純 | 1783 | Jeongjo | |
| Yi Bok-won | 이복원 | 李福源 | 1783-1784 | Jeongjo | |
| Hong Nak-sun | 홍낙순 | 洪樂純 | 1784-1786 | Jeongjo | |
| Yi Bok-won | 이복원 | 李福源 | 1786-1787 | Jeongjo | |
| Yi Jae-hyeop | 이재협 | 李在協 | 1787-1788 | Jeongjo | |
| Yi Seong-won | 이성원 | 李性源 | 1788-1789 | Jeongjo | |
| Yi Jae-hyeop | 이재협 | 李在協 | 1789 | Jeongjo | |
| Chae Je-gong | 채제공 | 蔡濟恭 | 1789-1793 | Jeongjo | |
| Kim Jong-su | 김종수 | 金鍾秀 | 1793 | Jeongjo | |
| Kim I-so | 김이소 | 金履素 | 1793-1795 | Jeongjo | |
| Yu Eon-ho | 유언호 | 兪彦鎬 | 1795 | Jeongjo | |
| Chae Je-gong | 채제공 | 蔡濟恭 | 1795-1798 | Jeongjo | |
| Yi Byeong-mo | 이병모 | 李秉模 | 1798-1799 | Jeongjo | |
| Sim Hwan-ji | 심환지 | 沈煥之 | 1799-1800 | Jeongjo | |
| Yi Si-su | 이시수 | 李時秀 | 1800-1802 | Sunjo | |
| Seo Ryong-bo | 서룡보 | 徐龍輔 | 1803-1804 | Sunjo | |
| Yi Si-su | 이시수 | 李時秀 | 1804 | Sunjo | |
| Seo Mae-su | 서매수 | 徐邁修 | 1804-1805 | Sunjo | |
| Yi Gyeong-il | 이경일 | 李敬一 | 1805 | Sunjo | |
| Han Yong-gwi | 한용귀 | 韓用龜 | 1805-1806 | Sunjo | |
| Seo Ryong-bo | 서룡보 | 徐龍輔 | 1806 | Sunjo | |
| Yi Si-su | 이시수 | 李時秀 | 1806-1808 | Sunjo | |
| Kim Jae-chan | 김재찬 | 金載瓚 | 1808-1812 | Sunjo | |
| Han Yong-gwi | 한용귀 | 韓用龜 | 1812-1817 | Sunjo | |
| Kim Jae-chan | 김재찬 | 金載瓚 | 1817 | Sunjo | |
| Kim Sa-mok | 김사목 | 金思穆 | 1819 | Sunjo | |
| Nam-gong-cheol | 남공철 | 南公轍 | 1821-1822 | Sunjo | |
| Yi Sang-hwang | 이상황 | 李相璜 | 1824-1829 | Sunjo | |
| Yi Jon-su | 이존수 | 李存秀 | 1829 | Sunjo | |
| Yi Sang-hwang | 이상황 | 李相璜 | 1829-1833 | Sunjo | |
| Sim Sang-gyu | 심상규 | 沈象奎 | 1833-1834 | Sunjo | |
| Hong Seok-ju | 홍석주 | 洪奭周 | 1834-1836 | Sunjo, Heonjong | |
| Park Jong-hun | 박종훈 | 朴宗薰 | 1837-1838 | Heonjong | |
| Kim Hong-geun | 김홍근 | 金弘根 | 1838-1842 | Heonjong | |
| Jeong Won-yong | 정원용 | 鄭元容 | 1842-1843 | Heonjong | |
| Gwon Don-in | 권돈인 | 權敦仁 | 1843-1845 | Heonjong | |
| Kim Do-hui | 김도희 | 金道喜 | 1845-1850 | Heonjong, Cheoljong | |
| Jeong Won-yong | 정원용 | 鄭元容 | 1850 | Cheoljong | |
| Kim Heung-geun | 김흥근 | 金興根 | 1851 | Cheoljong | |
| Park Yeong-won | 박영원 | 朴永元 | 1852 | Cheoljong | |
| Yi Heon-gu | 이헌구 | 李憲球 | 1852-1853 | Cheoljong | |
| Kim Do-hui | 김도희 | 金道喜 | 1856-1857 | Cheoljong | |
| Jo Du-sun | 조두순 | 趙斗淳 | 1858 | Cheoljong | |
| Park Hoe-su | 박회수 | 朴晦壽 | 1859-1860 | Cheoljong | |
| Jo Du-sun | 조두순 | 趙斗淳 | 1860-1864 | Cheoljong, Gojong | |
| Yi Yu-won | 이유원 | 李裕元 | 1864-1865 | Gojong | |
| Kim Byeong-hak | 김병학 | 金炳學 | 1865-1867 | Gojong | |
| Ryu Hu-jo | 류후조 | 柳厚祚 | 1867 | Gojong | |
| Yi Yu-won | 이유원 | 李裕元 | 1868 | Gojong | |
| Gang Ro | 강로 | 姜㳣 | 1872-1873 | Gojong | |
| Yi Choe-eung, Prince Heung-in | 흥인군 이최응 | 興寅君 李最應 | 1874-1875 | Gojong | |
| Kim Byeong-guk | 김병국 | 金炳國 | 1878-1882 | Gojong | |
| Seo Dang-bo | 서당보 | 徐堂輔 | 1882 | Gojong | |
| Song Geun-su | 송근수 | 宋近洙 | 1882 | Gojong | |
| Kim Byeong-guk | 김병국 | 金炳國 | 1882-1884 | Gojong | |
| Yi Jae-won, Prince Wan-rim | 완림군 이재원 | 完林君 李載元 | 1884 | Gojong | |
| Shim Soon-taek | 심순택 | 沈舜澤 | 1884 | Gojong | |
| Kim Hong-jip | 김홍집 | 金弘集 | 1884 | Gojong | |
| Kim Byeong-deok | 김병덕 | 金炳德 | 1885 | Gojong | |
| Kim Byeong-si | 김병시 | 金炳始 | 1886 | Gojong | |
| Kim Hong-jip | 김홍집 | 金弘集 | 1886 | Gojong | |
| Kim Byeong-si | 김병시 | 金炳始 | 1886 | Gojong | |
| Kim Hong-jip | 김홍집 | 金弘集 | 1887-1888 | Gojong | |
| Kim Byeong-si | 김병시 | 金炳始 | 1888 | Gojong | |
| Song Geun-su | 송근수 | 宋近洙 | 1892 | Gojong | |
| Jo Byeong-se | 조병세 | 趙秉世 | 1893-1894 | Gojong | last Jwauijeong |
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ a b "좌의정(左議政 ), Jwauijeong" (in Korean and English). The Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved 2009-01-31.
- ^ Choi (2006), The Origin of the Roman Catholic Church in Korea p. 372
- ^ a b c 좌의정 (左議政) (in Korean). Empas /EncyKorea. Retrieved 2009-01-31.
- ^ "도평의사사 (都評議使司), Dopyeonguisasa" (in Korean and English). The Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved 2009-01-31.
- ^ "우의정(右議政), uuijeong" (in Korean and English). The Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved 2009-01-29.
- ^ "정승(政丞), Jeongseung" (in Korean and English). The Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved 2009-01-29.
- Lee, Ki-Baik (1984). A New History of Korea. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-61575-1.
- Choi, Jai-Keun (2006). The Origin of the Roman Catholic Church in Korea. The Hermit Kingdom Press. ISBN 1-59689-064-9.