Horní Jiřetín (Czech pronunciation: [ˈɦorɲiː jɪr̝ɛciːn]; German: Obergeorgenthal) is a town in Most District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,200 inhabitants.
Horní Jiřetín | |
|---|---|
 Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Horní Jiřetín Location in the Czech Republic | |
| Coordinates: 50°34′30″N 13°32′43″E / 50.57500°N 13.54528°E | |
| Country |  Czech Republic |
| Region | Ústí nad Labem |
| District | Most |
| First mentioned | 1263 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Vladimír Buřt |
| Area | |
| • Total | 39.86 km2 (15.39 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 280 m (920 ft) |
| Population (2023-01-01)[1] | |
| • Total | 2,206 |
| • Density | 55/km2 (140/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 435 43 |
| Website | www |
Administrative parts edit
Horní Jiřetín consists of Černice, Dolní Jiřetín, Horní Jiřetín, Jezeří and Mariánské Údolí.
Geography edit
Horní Jiřetín is located about 9 kilometres (6 mi) northwest of Most and 35 km (22 mi) west of Ústí nad Labem. It lies on the border between the Most Basin and Ore Mountains. The highest point is a mountain at 852 m (2,795 ft) above sea level. The Loupnice Stream flows though the town. There are several ponds and artificial lakes in the municipal territory.
History edit
The first written mention of Horní Jiřetín is from 1263 under the name Jorenthal. In 1409, Jiřetín was divided into Horní ("Upper") and Dolní ("Lower") Jiřetín. During the 17th century, Horní Jiřetín was affected by the Thirty Years' War and by the great plague epidemic in 1680. From the 17th century, Horní Jiřetín, divided by the Jiřetínský stream, was mainly governed by the Lobkowicz and Waldstein families.[2]
Until the end of the World War II, the village was part of the German-speaking Sudetenland. In 1945, most of the population was expelled and replaced by Czechs.
Demographics edit
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| Source: Censuses[3][4] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Economy edit
In the past, the inhabitants of Jiřetín subsisted mainly on fishing in Lake Komořany, ore mining and various forms of agriculture, mainly arboriculture. Lignite has been continuously mined in Horní Jiřetín since the middle of the 19th century.[2] Today, a significant part of the municipal territory is occupied by a lignite surface mine, Lom ČSA. In 2015, the Ministry of Industry proposed breaking the mining limits imposed on the mine. This would lead to the demolition of 170 houses in Horní Jiřetín.[5] However, the proposal specifically for this mine was not accepted.[6]
In 1828, a cotton plant was built in Mariánské Údolí. It is still in operation today as the Triola company and it manufactures underwear and swimwear.[2]
Sights edit
The most important architectural monument is the Jezeří Castle incorporated into the slopes of the Ore Mountains. It was originally a Gothic castle from the 14th century, later rebuilt in the Renaissance and then in the Baroque style. Most of its English-style park was destroyed by coal mining.[2] Since 2023, it has been protected as a national cultural monument.[7]
In Horní Jiřetín is the valuable Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary. It was built in the early Baroque style in 1694–1700 according to design of the architect Jean Baptiste Mathey.[2]
Notable people edit
- Franz Joseph Glæser (1798–1861), Czech-Danish composer
- Vladimír Sommer (1921–1997), composer
- Walter Womacka (1925–2010), German artist
- Vladimír Buřt (born 1964), ecologist, mayor of the town
Twin towns – sister cities edit
Horní Jiřetín is twinned with:[8]
Battenberg, Germany
References edit
- ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2023". Czech Statistical Office. 2023-05-23.
- ^ a b c d e "O městě" (in Czech). Město Horní Jiřetín. Retrieved 2021-07-09.
- ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Most" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. pp. 1–2.
- ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
- ^ "Mládek navrhne částečné prolomení limitů, podporu v koalici nemá" (in Czech). ČT24. 2015-01-29. Retrieved 2021-07-09.
- ^ "Vláda rozhodla o prolomení limitů na lomu Bílina. Těžba se zastaví 500 metrů od domů" (in Czech). Aktuálně.cz. 2015-10-19. Retrieved 2021-07-09.
- ^ "Zámek" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-02-19.
- ^ "Partnerstädte" (in German). Battenberg (Eder). Retrieved 2020-06-17.
External links edit
