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Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Arles

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The former French Catholic Archbishopric of Arles had its episcopal see in the city of Arles, in southern France.[1][2]

The former cathedral of St. Trophime, in Arles.

Diocesan history edit

The bishopric of Arles was founded in before the middle of the third century. Its status as a metropolitan archdiocese was defined by Pope Leo I in 450. The diocese was suppressed a first time under the first French republic, to become part of the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Aix. The diocese was restored by Pope Pius VII in 1816.

The Archbishopric of Arles was suppressed again, and incorporated into the Archdiocese of Aix in 1822. The latter is since officially called "Archdiocese of Aix (-Arles-Embrun)" and is no longer a Metropolitan but an archiepiscopal title, within the ecclesiastical province of Marseille.

Councils edit

Main article: Council of Arles

The first Council of Arles was held in 314, at the urging of the Emperor Constantine, for the purpose of putting an end to the Donatist controversy. Several bishops were invited by Constantine personally, including the bishop of Syracuse. Bishops from the western part of the empire including three from Britain attended. Claims that 600 or 300 bishops were present cannot be sustained; the synodial letter to Pope Sylvester was signed by thirty-three bishops, and a number of priests and deacons who held the proxies of bishops who did not attend. Archbishop Marinus of Arles presided, apparently on the appointment of Constantine. The synod confirmed the findings of the Council of Rome (313), recognizing the validity of the election of Caecilian of Carthage, and confirmed the excommunication of Donatus of Casae Nigrae. Its twenty-two canons dealing with various abuses that had crept into ecclesiastical life since the persecution of Diocletian (284-305) are important documents of early ecclesiastical legislation.[3]

In 353, the Emperor Constantius II campaigned against the imperial usurper Magnus Magnentius, who had killed his brother, the Emperor Constans. After the suicide of Magnentius, following his defeat in the Battle of Mons Seleucus, Constantius took up his residence in Arles. Pope Liberius sent ambassadors to him, requesting permission to hold a council in Aquileia, but Constantius instead summoned a council which met in Arles.[4] It was agreed beforehand that a compromise in which the orthodox Athanasius of Alexandria would be condemned, but that Arianism would also be condemned. The majority of the council, including Constantius himself and Archbishop Saturninus of Arles, was decidedly Arian in attitude. The two papal legates were compelled to reject communion with Athanasius, but the council refused to condemn Arius, an act which deeply disturbed the pope.[5] In 356, Archbishop Saturninus held another council at Béziers, where he attempted to turn the bishops against the orthodox Bishop Hilary of Poitiers, but with no success.[6]

In the synod of 443 (or 452), attended also by bishops of neighbouring provinces, fifty-six canons were formulated, mostly repetitions of earlier disciplinary decrees. Neophytes were excluded from major orders; married men aspiring to the priesthood were required to promise a life of continency, and it was forbidden to consecrate a bishop without the assistance of three other bishops and the consent of the metropolitan (Canon 5[7]).[8]

A council, called the third council of Arles, was held on 30 December of some year between 449 and 462, presided over by Archbishop Ravennius and inclduing twelve other bishops, to settle the differences that had arisen between Faustus, Abbot of Lérins, and Theodorus Bishop of Fréjus.[9]

Apropos of the conflict between the archiepiscopal See of Vienne and Arles a council was held in the latter city in 463, which had earlier called forth a famous letter from Pope Leo I (440–461), defining the metropolitan status of Arles.[10]

Between 475 and 480 another council was called by Archbishop Leontius, attended by thirty bishops, in which the teachings of the priest Lucidus on pre-destination were condemned.[11]

In 524 a council was held under the presidency of St. Caesarius of Arles; its canons deal chiefly with the conferring of orders. A number of Caesarius of Arles' works have been published in Sources Chrétiennes.

Little is known of the councils of 554 and 682.

The liturgical uses of Arles were recommended by pope Gregory the Great as a model for Augustine of Canterbury.

An important council was held in 813, at the instigation of Charlemagne, for the correction of abuses and the reestablishment of ecclesiastical discipline. Its decrees insist on a sufficient ecclesiastical education of bishops and priests, on the duty of both to preach frequently to the people and to instruct them in the Catholic Faith, on the obligation of parents to instruct their children, etc.

In 1034 a council was held at Arles for the re-establishment of peace, the restoration of Christian Faith, the awakening in the popular heart of a sense of divine goodness and of salutary fear by the consideration of past evils.

From 1080 to 1098, Aicard continued to act as bishop even though he had been deposed. He was followed on the episcopal throne by Ghibbelin of Sabran, who was later Latin patriarch of Jerusalem.

In 1236 a council held under the presidency of Archbishop Jean Baussan, issued twenty-four canons, mostly against the prevalent Albigensian heresy, and for the observance of the decrees of the Lateran Council of 1215 and that of Toulouse in 1229. Close inspection of their dioceses is urged on the bishops, as a remedy against the spread of heresy; testaments are declared invalid unless made in the presence of the parish priest. This measure, met with in other councils, was meant to prevent testamentary dispositions in favour of known heretics.

In 1251, Jean, Archbishop of Arles, held a council near Avignon (Concilium Insculanum), among whose thirteen canons is one providing that the sponsor at baptism is bound to give only the white robe in which the infant is baptized.

In 1260 a council held by Archbishop Florentin decreed that confirmation must be received fasting, and that on Sundays and feast days the religious should not open their churches to the faithful, nor preach at the hour of the parish Mass. The laity should be instructed by their parish priests. The religious should also frequent the parochial service, for the sake of good example. This council also condemned the doctrines spread abroad under the name of Joachim of Flora.

In 1275, twenty-two earlier observances were promulgated anew at a Council of Arles.

Archbishops edit

Before 1000 edit

1000–1300 edit

1300–1500 edit

1500–1792 edit

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ "Archdiocese of Arles" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved March 29, 2016
  2. ^ "Metropolitan Archdiocese of Arles" GCatholic.org. Gabriel Chow. Retrieved March 29, 2016
  3. ^ Karl Joseph von Hefele, A History of the Christian Councils: From the Original Documents, to the Close of the Council of Nicaea, A.D. 325, second edition, Volume 1 (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1894), pp. 180-196.
  4. ^ Sulpicius Severus, "Chronica" Book II. 39, (in Latin), in: Carolus Hahn (ed.), Sulpicii Severi Libri qui supersunt, (Vienna: Gerold, 1866), p. 92.
  5. ^ Charles Joseph Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church, Volume 2 (Edinburgh: Clark, 1876), pp. 203-204.
  6. ^ Hefele, Volume 2, p. 216.
  7. ^ "Episcopum sine metropolitano, vel epistola metropolitani, vel tribus comprovincialibus, non liceat ordinare: ita ut alii cpmprovinciales epistolis admoneanturm ut se suo responso consensisse significent. Quod si inter partes aliqua nata fuerit dubitatiok majori numero metropolitanus in electione consentiat.
  8. ^ Carl Joseph Hefele, A History of the Councils of the Church, Volume III (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1883), pp. 167-173.
  9. ^ Charles Munier (ed.), Concilia Galliae, A. 314 — A. 506 (Turnhold: Brepols 1963), pp. 131-134. Jacques Sirmond (ed.), Conciliorum Galliae Collectio (in Latin) Tomus primus (Paris: Didot 1789), pp. 579-584.
  10. ^ Leonis I, Opp., ed. Ballerini, I, 998; Hefele, Conciliengeschichte, II, 590. Jacques Sirmond (ed.), Conciliorum Galliae Collectio (in Latin) Tomus primus (Paris: Didot 1789), pp. 515-516.
  11. ^ Charles Munier (ed.), Concilia Galliae, A. 314 — A. 506 (Turnhold: Brepols 1963), pp. 159-160. Jacques Sirmond (ed.), Conciliorum Galliae Collectio (in Latin) Tomus primus (Paris: Didot 1789), pp. 631-640.
  12. ^ Trophimus is said to have been a disciple of Saint Peter or Saint Paul. Duchesne (1907), Fastes épiscopaux de l'ancienne Gaule: Volume I. Provinces du Sud-Est. p. 98, 253-254, no. 1.
  13. ^ Marcianus: Duchesne (1907), p. 254, no. 2.
  14. ^ Marinus: Duchesne (1907), p. 254, no. 3.
  15. ^ Heros: Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, pp. 18-20. Duchesne (1907), p. 255, no. 8.
  16. ^ Euladius is mentioned in the diptychs as the successor of Patroclus. Duchesne (1907), p. 256, note 2. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, p. 2-5. A shadowy figure, according to Ralph Matthisen, "whose tenure in office seems to be less than a year, and whose very existence was questioned until recently." Ecclesiastical Factionalism and Religious Controversy in Fifth-Century Gaul (Washington: Catholic University of America, 1989), pp. 86f.
  17. ^ Bishop Honoratus died in January 429. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, pp. 25-29. Duchesne (1907), p. 256, no. 10.
  18. ^ Hilary had been a monk of Lerins. He became bishop at the age of 29. He died on 5 May 449. Denis de Sainte-Marthe, Gallia christiana Vol. 1 (Paris: Typographia Regia 1716), pp. 528-531. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, pp. 29-36.Duchesne (1907), p. 256, no. 11.
  19. ^ Morèse had been Provost of Arles. Michel was elected archbishop in August 1202 (Albanès, p. 299). Pope Honorius III, in a letter of 17 January 1217, announced that he was sending Cardinal Bertrand as papal legate. In another letter, dated 10 February 1217, he remarked that he had already accepted the resignation of Archbishop Michel. The archbishop died on 21 July 1217. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, p. 332, nos. 838, 840. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, p. 103.
  20. ^ Hugo had previously been Bishop of Gap. He was elected Archbishop of Arles on 28 March 1217. He died on 29 August 1217. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, p. 332-334. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, pp. 103, 514.
  21. ^ Béroard: Eubel I, p. 103.
  22. ^ Malferrat: Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, p. 103.
  23. ^ Albanès and Chevalier (1901), pp. 754-766.
  24. ^ Allarmet was later Bishop of Viviers and Bishop of Ostia.
  25. ^ Louis Aleman was later Bishop of Maguelone.

Sources edit

Lists of bishops edit

  • Albanès, Joseph Hyacinthe; Ulysse Chevalier (1901). Gallia christiana novissima: Arles (in Latin). Valence: Soc. anonyme d'imprimerie montbéliardasie.
  • Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1913). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 1 (Tomus I) (second ed.). Munster: Libreria Regensbergiana. p. 527.
  • Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1914). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 2 (Tomus II) (second ed.). Munster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
  • Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1923). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 3 (Tomus III) (second ed.). Munster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
  • Gauchat, Patritius (Patrice) (1935). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 4 (IV) (1592-1667). Münster: Libraria Regensbergiana. Retrieved 2016-07-06. p. 219.
  • Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1952). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi (in Latin). Vol. 5 (V) (1667-1730). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio. Retrieved 2016-07-06.
  • Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1958). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi. Vol. 6 (Tomus VI) (1730–1799). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio.
  • Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1968). Hierarchia Catholica medii et recentioris aevi (in Latin). Vol. VII (1800–1846). Monasterii: Libreria Regensburgiana.
  • Remigius Ritzler; Pirminus Sefrin (1978). Hierarchia catholica Medii et recentioris aevi (in Latin). Vol. VIII (1846–1903). Il Messaggero di S. Antonio.
  • Pięta, Zenon (2002). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentioris aevi (in Latin). Vol. IX (1903–1922). Padua: Messagero di San Antonio. ISBN 978-88-250-1000-8.

Studies edit

External links edit


43°40′36″N 4°37′40″E / 43.6767°N 4.6278°E / 43.6767; 4.6278

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