The Greater Yogyakarta, known locally as Kartamantul (Javanese: ꦏꦂꦠꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦭ꧀, romanized: Kartamantul), an acronym of Yogyakarta–Sleman–Bantul, is a built-up area in Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Although unofficial, the Greater Yogyakarta sometimes referred to as the Yogyakarta metropolitan area.
Yogyakarta metropolitan area
Kartamantul | |
|---|---|
| Regional transcription(s) | |
| • Javanese | ꦏꦂꦠꦩꦤ꧀ꦠꦸꦭ꧀ |
| Country |  Indonesia |
| Province |  Special Region of Yogyakarta |
| Core city | Yogyakarta |
| Regencies | Bantul Regency Sleman Regency |
| Area | |
| • Metro | 1,115.45 km2 (430.68 sq mi) |
| Population (mid 2021 estimate) | |
| • Metro | 2,542,441 |
| • Metro density | 2,300/km2 (5,900/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (Indonesia Western Time) |
| GDP metro | 2023[1] |
| - Total |  Rp 139.637 trillionUS$ 9.161 billionUS$ 29.340 billion (PPP) |
| - Per capita | Rp 54.922 millionUS$ 3,603US$ 11,540 (PPP) |
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History
editThe city of Yogyakarta is the urban core of Yogyakarta Sultanate and later Special Region of Yogyakarta. However, in recent years, the urban population of the city has been extend across the border to regency around the city, those are Sleman Regency and Bantul Regency. Before 2001, the local government in future Kartamantul were involved in the collaboration on Integrated Urban Infrastructure Development Program (IUIDP) in between 1980s and 1990s with Special Region of Yogyakarta planning and implementation. In 2001, the government of Yogyakarta, Sleman, and Bantul established joint secretariate (Indonesian: Sekretariat Bersama) of Kartamantul. The joint secretariate agreement signed by all heads of the local governments with governor support.[2][3][4]
Geography
editSimilar to Special Region of Yogyakarta, Kartamantul is located near the southern coast of Java, surrounded by the province of Central Java, and with the Indian Ocean on the south side. The exception are Kulon Progo Regency, which located on west of Progo River and Kartamantul, and Gunung Kidul Regency which located on east of Kartamantul. Mount Merapi is located to the immediate north of the city of Yogyakarta and Sleman Regency, hence to immediate north of Kartamantul. It is the most active volcano in Indonesia and has erupted regularly since 1548.
Economy
editThe economy of Kartamantul is dominated by agriculture, commonly in Sleman Regency and Bantul Regency. However, urban activities such as higher education, trade, tourism, art and handicraft industries are sharply increase with focus on the city of Yogyakarta. Kartamantul is the second largest tourist spot in Indonesia for local and international tourist. Kartamantul is known for educational institution hotspot in Indonesia.[3]
Transportation
editKartamantul is served by Adisutjipto International Airport and Yogyakarta International Airport, the latter being opened for minimum operations in late April 2019 and fully operational starting late March 2020. There are two main railway stations: Lempuyangan Station and Yogyakarta railway station.
Kartamantul is considered one of the major hubs that link the west–east main railway route in Java island. Yogyakarta Station is the main train station located in the center, and Lempuyangan Station is the second train station in the city. The two stations have their own schedule to and from other cities on Java island. The Prambanan Express commuter rail service operates west of Yogyakarta Station across Kulonprogo Regency to Purworejo, and KAI Commuter Yogyakarta Line electric commuter rail system operates from east of the station to Surakarta. To the south, in the Bantul region, is the Giwangan bus station, one of the largest bus station in Indonesia. The Yogyakarta metropolitan center is surrounded by a ring road.
Since 2008, the government of Special Region of Yogyakarta launched a bus rapid transit system, the Trans Jogja, which connects places in and around Kartamantul, including the airport and the Prambanan temple.[5]
Government and politics
editKartamantul is administered by one city government (city of Yogyakarta), two regency governments (Sleman Regency and Bantul Regency) and one special region government.
| Name | Capital | Area (km2) | Population
2000 Census |
Population
2010 Census |
Population
2020 Census |
Population
2023 Estimate [6] |
HDI[7]2023 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yogyakarta City | Yogyakarta City | 32.50 | 396,700 | 388,627 | 373,589 | 375,702 | 0.886 (Very High) |
| Bantul Regency | Bantul | 508.13 | 781,000 | 911,503 | 985,770 | 1,009,438 | 0.817 (Very High) |
| Sleman Regency | Sleman | 574.82 | 901,400 | 1,093,110 | 1,125,804 | 1,157,300 | 0.849 (Very High) |
| Total | 1,115.45 | 2,079,100 | 2,393,240 | 2,485,163 | 2,542,441 | 0.842 (Very High) | |
The joint secretariate is organized into three management layers. The first layer consist of political executives representation from the city and both regencies. The second layer consist of group senior administrative officers from the city and both regencies. The third layer consists of technical officers.[3]
The joint secretariat intended on managing infrastructure at cross-regional borders, which are (1) road infrastructure, (2) waste management, (3) transportation, (4) clean (drinking) water, (5) drainage and sewerage, and (6) spatial planning.[8]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Gross Regional Domestic Product of Regencies/Municipalities in Indonesia 2019-2023. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik. 2024.
- ^ Firman, Tommy (2014-09-02). "Inter-local-government partnership for urban management in decentralizing Indonesia: from below or above? Kartamantul (Greater Yogyakarta) and Jabodetabek (Greater Jakarta) compared". Space and Polity. 18 (3): 215–232. doi:10.1080/13562576.2014.959252. ISSN 1356-2576. S2CID 143626036.
- ^ a b c Firman, Tommy (2009). "Multi local-government under Indonesia's decentralization reform: The case of Kartamantul (The Greater Yogyakarta)". Habitat International. 34 (4): 400–405. doi:10.1016/j.habitatint.2009.11.005.
- ^ Andini, Isti; Djunaedi, Achmad (2019). "Sharing the Cake towards Sustainability: Power-sharing in Wastewater Governance - the Case of IPAL Kartamantul". Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Sustainable Environment and Architecture (SENVAR 2018). Surakarta, Indonesia: Atlantis Press. doi:10.2991/senvar-18.2019.24. ISBN 978-94-6252-666-2.
- ^ "Trans Jogja Busway: Yogyakarta, Central Java". Indonesialogue.com. 2008-02-26. Archived from the original on 2012-03-10. Retrieved 2011-02-07.
- ^ Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2023.
- ^ "Indeks Pembangunan Manusia 2023" (in Indonesian). Statistics Indonesia. 2024. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
- ^ Wardani, Laksmi Tungga Dewi Jaya Wisnu (2019). Value capturing for regional road development : a responsive institutional design approach for Indonesia. Johan Woltjer, Jos Arts. [Groningen]. ISBN 978-94-034-1294-8. OCLC 1082257115.
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