The military hierarchy of the Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) and Three Kingdoms period (220–280 CE) of China.
Ministerial positions
edit| Chinese | Translation | Modern equivalent | Notes | Notable holders |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 太尉 tàiwèi |
Grand Commandant[1] | Defence Minister | Jia Xu (220–223); Sima Yi (235–238); Man Chong (238–242) | |
| 大司馬 dà sīmǎ |
Grand Marshal[2] | Cao Ren (?–223); Cao Xiu (227–228); Ding Feng (264–271) |
Permanent general positions
edit| Chinese | Translation | Modern equivalent | Notes | Notable holders |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 大將軍 dà jiāngjūn |
General-in-Chief / Chief General[2] | Field Marshal | When 大將軍 was combined with any of the permanent general ranks listed below, e.g., 驃騎大將軍 and 征東大將軍, it means "Senior General ..." | Lu Xun (229–244); Jiang Wei (256, 258–263); Sima Zhao (255–265) |
| 驃騎將軍 piào jì jiāngjūn |
General of Agile Cavalry[1] | General | Li Yan (230–231); Bu Zhi (229–246); Wang Chang (255–258) | |
| 車騎將軍 chē jì jiāngjūn |
General of Chariots and Cavalry[3] | Dong Cheng (199–200); Zhu Ran (229–246); Deng Zhi (243–251); Guo Huai (250–255) | ||
| 衛將軍 wèi jiāngjūn |
General of the Guards[4] | Shi Xie (?–226); Quan Cong (229–246); Jiang Wei (247–256); Sima Wang | ||
| 前將軍 qián jiāngjūn |
General of the Vanguard[1] | Gongsun Zan (192–199); Guan Yu (219–220); Zhang Liao (220–222); Zhu Huan (229–238) | ||
| 後將軍 hòu jiāngjūn |
General of the Rear[3] | Yuan Shu (189–190); Huang Zhong (219–220); He Qi (223–227); Wen Ping | ||
| 左將軍 zuǒ jiāngjūn |
General of the Left[5] | Liu Bei (197–219); Zhang He (220–229); Zhu Ju (229–246); Wu Yi (230–234) | ||
| 右將軍 yòu jiāngjūn |
General of the Right[5] | Yuan Shao (195–196); Zhang Fei (219–221); Xu Huang (220–227); Pan Zhang (223–234) | ||
| 征東將軍 zhēng dōng jiāngjūn |
General Who Attacks the East | Zhang Liao (215–220); Man Chong (230–238); Zhuge Dan (255–257) | ||
| 征南將軍 zhēng nán jiāngjūn |
General Who Attacks the South | Ma Teng (202–208); Xiahou Shang (220–225); Wang Ji (259–261); Yang Hu (276–278) | ||
| 征西將軍 zhēng xī jiāngjūn |
General Who Attacks the West | Han Sui (201–211); Xiahou Yuan (216–219); Wei Yan (231–234); Deng Ai (257–263) | ||
| 征北將軍 zhēng běi jiāngjūn |
General Who Attacks the North | Zhu Ran (223–229); Lu Kang (257–259); Lu Kai (258–264) | ||
| 鎮東將軍 zhèn dōng jiāngjūn |
General Who Guards the East | Zhang Ji (192–195); Zhao Yun (?–227); Guanqiu Jian (252–255) | ||
| 鎮南將軍 zhèn nán jiāngjūn |
General Who Guards the South | Liu Biao (192–208); Cao Xiu (220–221); Zhu Yi (252–257); Zhang Yi (255–259) | ||
| 鎮西將軍 zhèn xī jiāngjūn |
General Who Guards the West | Han Sui (192–195); Lu Xun (219–222); Cao Zhen (220–222); Jiang Wei (243–247) | ||
| 鎮北將軍 zhèn běi jiāngjūn |
General Who Guards the North | Sun Shao (229–?); Wang Ping (243–248); Wen Qin (255–258) | ||
| 安東將軍 ān dōng jiāngjūn |
General Who Stabilises the East | Tao Qian (190–194); He Qi (216–223) | ||
| 安南將軍 ān nán jiāngjūn |
General Who Stabilises the South | Ma Zhong (?–242); Lü Dai | ||
| 安西將軍 ān xī jiāngjūn |
General Who Stabilises the West | Xiahou Mao (220–?); Deng Ai (255–256) | ||
| 安北將軍 ān běi jiāngjūn |
General Who Stabilises the North | Zhang Hua | ||
| 平東將軍 píng dōng jiāngjūn |
General Who Pacifies the East | Lü Bu (197–199) | ||
| 平南將軍 píng nán jiāngjūn |
General Who Pacifies the South | Lü Fan (?–220); Yang Hu (272–276) | ||
| 平西將軍 píng xī jiāngjūn |
General Who Pacifies the West | Ma Chao (215–219) | ||
| 平北將軍 píng běi jiāngjūn |
General Who Pacifies the North | Zhang Yan (204–?); Pan Zhang (222–223); Ma Dai |
Non-permanent general positions
editThese general positions were created for ad hoc or ceremonial purposes. In some instances, the person holding the position had no real military command.
| Chinese | Translation | Modern equivalent | Notes | Notable holders |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 無上將軍 wúshàng jiāngjūn |
Supreme General | Generalissimo | See Army of the Western Garden | Emperor Ling of Han (188–189) |
| 上將軍 shàng jiāngjūn |
Senior General | General | Lü Lu (180 BCE) | |
| 上軍大將軍 shàng jūn dàjiāngjūn |
Senior General of the Upper Army | Cao Zhen (222) | ||
| 中軍大將軍 zhōng jūn dàjiāngjūn |
Senior General of the Central Army | Cao Zhen (222–227) | ||
| 鎮軍大將軍 zhèn jūn dàjiāngjūn |
Senior General Who Guards the Army | Sun Lü (?–232); Zong Yu (258–263); Wang Jun (?–285) | ||
| 南中大將軍 nánzhōng dàjiāngjūn |
Senior General of Nanzhong | |||
| 撫軍大將軍 fǔ jūn dàjiāngjūn |
Senior General Who Pacifies the Army | Sima Shi; Wang Jun (285) | ||
| 中軍將軍 zhōng jūn jiāngjūn |
General of the Central Army | |||
| 殿中將軍 diàn zhōng jiāngjūn |
General of the Palace | |||
| 騎將軍 jì jiāngjūn |
Cavalry General | Gongsun Ao; Gongsun He | ||
| 驍騎將軍 xiāo jì jiāngjūn |
General of Valiant Cavalry | Li Guang; Cao Ren (212–?); Qin Lang (227–238) | ||
| 輕車將軍 qīng chē jiāngjūn |
General of Light Chariots | Wang Zhong (220–?) | ||
| 強弩將軍 qiáng nǔ jiāngjūn |
General of Crossbows | Li Ju (124 BCE – ?) | ||
| 積射將軍 jī shè jiāngjūn |
General of Bow Production | |||
| 樓船將軍 lóuchuán jiāngjūn |
General of the Towered Ships | Yang Pu (112 BCE – ?) | ||
| 戈船將軍 gē chuán jiāngjūn |
General of the Poleaxe Ships | |||
| 寧朔將軍 níng shuò jiāngjūn |
General Who Stabilises the North | Sima Zhou | ||
| 威北將軍 wēi běi jiāngjūn |
General Who Dominates the North | Zhuge Ke (?–245) | ||
| 橫野將軍 héng yě jiāngjūn |
General Who Sweeps Across the Wilderness | Xu Huang (207–214) | ||
| 橫海將軍 héng hǎi jiāngjūn |
General Who Crosses the Sea | Han Yue (111–102 BCE | ||
| 凌江將軍 líng jiāng jiāngjūn |
General Who Rises Above the River | |||
| 伏波將軍 fú bō jiāngjūn |
General Who Calms the Waves | Lu Bode (111 BCE – ?); Ma Yuan (41–49); Chen Deng (199–?); Xiahou Dun (204–219) | ||
| 材官將軍 cái guān jiāngjūn |
General of Construction | Li Xi (133 BCE – ?) | ||
| 安漢將軍 ān hàn jiāngjūn |
General Who Stabilises Han | Mi Zhu (214–221); Li Hui (225–231); Wang Ping (?–238) | ||
| 度遼將軍 dù liáo jiāngjūn |
General Who Crosses the Liao River[2] | Qiao Xuan; Yan Rou; Guanqiu Jian (235–?) | ||
| 貳師將軍 èrshī jiāngjūn |
General of Osh | Li Guangli (104–88 BCE) | ||
| 征蜀將軍 zhēng shǔ jiāngjūn |
General Who Attacks Shu | Zhao Yan (239–?) | ||
| 鎮護將軍 zhèn hù jiāngjūn |
General Who Guards and Protects | |||
| 安眾將軍 ān zhòng jiāngjūn |
General Who Stabilises the Masses | |||
| 安夷將軍 ān yí jiāngjūn |
General Who Stabilises the Yi | |||
| 安遠將軍 ān yuǎn jiāngjūn |
General Who Stabilises Distant Lands | Yu Jin (221); Tang Zi (258–?) | ||
| 平寇將軍 píng kòu jiāngjūn |
General Who Pacifies Bandits | Xu Huang (214–220) | ||
| 平狄將軍 píng dí jiāngjūn |
General Who Pacifies the Di | Zhang He (206–215) | ||
| 平難將軍 píng nàn jiāngjūn |
General Who Pacifies Troubles | |||
| 武衛將軍 wǔ wèi jiāngjūn |
General of the Military Guards | Cao Shuang (227–239); Sun Jun (252–253) | ||
| 虎烈將軍 hǔ liè jiāngjūn |
General of Tiger's Vehemence | |||
| 宣威將軍 xuān wēi jiāngjūn |
General Who Declares Might | Bu Xuan | ||
| 宣德將軍 xuān dé jiāngjūn |
General Who Declares Virtue | |||
| 威遠將軍 wēi yuǎn jiāngjūn |
General Who Awes Distant Lands | Sun Shao (222–225) | ||
| 綏邊將軍 suí yuǎn jiāngjūn |
General Who Pacifies Borders | |||
| 討夷將軍 tǎo yí jiāngjūn |
General Who Attacks the Yi | |||
| 寧遠將軍 níng yuǎn jiāngjūn |
General Who Stabilises Distant Lands | |||
| 昭烈將軍 zhāo liè jiāngjūn |
General of Vehement Illustriousness | |||
| 殄吳將軍 tiǎn wú jiāngjūn |
General Who Destroys Wu | Cao Cuan | ||
| 殄夷將軍 tiǎn yí jiāngjūn |
General Who Destroys the Yi | Tian Yu | ||
| 揚烈將軍 yáng liè jiāngjūn |
General Who Spreads Vehemence | Wang Chang (227–?); Wang Ji (250–255) | ||
| 建忠將軍 jiàn zhōng jiāngjūn |
General Who Establishes Loyalty | Zhang Xiu (192–199) | ||
| 立義將軍 lì yì jiāngjūn |
General Who Establishes Righteousness | Pang De (216–219) | ||
| 复土將軍 fù tǔ jiāngjūn |
General Who Recovers Lands | |||
| 忠義將軍 zhōngyì jiāngjūn |
General of Loyalty and Righteousness | Lu Kang | ||
| 建節將軍 jiàn jié jiāngjūn |
General Who Establishes Virtue | |||
| 翼衛將軍 yì wèi jiāngjūn |
General of the Flank Guards | |||
| 平虜將軍 píng lú jiāngjūn |
General Who Pacifies Barbarians | Zhou Tai (217–219) | ||
| 討逆將軍 tǎo nì jiāngjūn |
General Who Exterminates Rebels[4] | Sun Ce (198–200); Wen Ping (209–?); Wu Yi (214–?) | ||
| 盪寇將軍 dàng kòu jiāngjūn |
General Who Defeats Bandits | Cheng Pu; Zhang Liao (205–215); Guan Yu (?–219) | ||
| 虎威將軍 hǔ wēi jiāngjūn |
General of Tiger's Might | Yu Jin (206–?); Lü Meng (217–220) | ||
| 武威將軍 wǔ wēi jiāngjūn |
General Who is Firm and Majestic[4] | Gongsun Du (?–204) | ||
| 厲鋒將軍 lì fēng jiāngjūn |
General of Sharp Edge | Cao Hong | ||
| 武牙將軍 wǔ yá jiāngjūn |
General of Martial Teeth | |||
| 冠軍將軍 guànjūn jiāngjūn |
Champion General | Ding Feng (252); Luo Xian (267–270) | ||
| 遊擊將軍 yóujī jiāngjūn |
Guerrilla General | Yue Jin | ||
| 折衝將軍 zhé chōng jiāngjūn |
General Who Breaks and Charges | Yue Jin (206–215); Gan Ning (215–?) | ||
| 執慎將軍 zhí shèn jiāngjūn |
General of Cautious Behaviour | Lai Min | ||
| 中堅將軍 zhōng jiān jiāngjūn |
General of Central Resilience | Zhang Liao (202–205); Cao Zhen (217–218); Xu Chu (216–220) | ||
| 龍驤將軍 lóng xiāng jiāngjūn |
Prancing Dragon General | Wang Jun (279–?) | ||
| 虎賁將軍 hǔbēn jiāngjūn |
General of the Huben | |||
| 輔漢將軍 fǔ hàn jiāngjūn |
General Who Assists Han | Li Yan (218–222); Zhang Yi (229–230) | ||
| 興業將軍 xīng yè jiāngjūn |
General Who Revives Glory | Li Yan (?–218) | ||
| 輔國將軍 fǔ guó jiāngjūn |
General Who Assists the State | Lu Xun (222–229); Dong Yun (243–244) | ||
| 軍師將軍 jūnshī jiāngjūn |
Military Adviser General | Zhuge Liang (214–221) | ||
| 都護將軍 dū hù jiāngjūn |
General Who Protects the Capital | Cao Hong; Xiahou Yuan (215–216) | ||
| 護軍將軍 hù jūn jiāngjūn |
General Who Protects the Army | Xiahou Yuan (?–215); Fa Zheng (219–220) | ||
| 領軍將軍 lǐng jūn jiāngjūn |
General Who Leads the Army | Jiang Ji (239–242) | ||
| 征虜將軍 zhēng lǔ jiāngjūn |
General Who Attacks Barbarians | Liu Xun (199–?); Zhang Fei (209–?); Sun Jiao (215–219) | ||
| 討虜將軍 táo lǔ jiāngjūn |
General Who Attacks Barbarians | Sun Quan (200–209); Huang Zhong (214–218) | ||
| 捕虜將軍 bú lǔ jiāngjūn |
General Who Captures Barbarians | Li Dian | ||
| 破虜將軍 pò lǔ jiāngjūn |
General Who Defeats Barbarians | Sun Jian (190–191); Li Dian | ||
| 建威將軍 jiàn wēi jiāngjūn |
General Who Establishes Might | Lü Fan (220–?); Jia Kui (222–228) | ||
| 奮威將軍 fèn wēi jiāngjūn |
General of Vehement Might | Lü Bu (192–197); Zhou Tai (219–?); Chen Tai (249–255) | ||
| 振威將軍 zhèn wēi jiāngjūn |
General Who Inspires Might | Cheng Yu (200–203); Pan Zhang (219–222) | ||
| 揚威將軍 yáng wēi jiāngjūn |
General Who Spreads Might | Zang Ba (?–220); Sun Shao (221–229) | ||
| 建武將軍 jiàn wǔ jiāngjūn |
General Who Establishes Martial Might | Xiahou Dun (?–204); Meng Da (220–?); Sun Huan (224–?) | ||
| 振武將軍 zhèn wǔ jiāngjūn |
General Who Inspires Martial Might | Liu Yao (195–198); Sun Li (?–249) | ||
| 揚武將軍 yáng wǔ jiāngjūn |
General Who Spreads Martial Might | Zhang Xiu (199–200); Wu Jing (?–203); Fa Zheng (215–219); Wang Zhong (?–220) | ||
| 綏武將軍 suí wǔ jiāngjūn |
General of Pacifying Martial Might | |||
| 翊軍將軍 yì jūn jiāngjūn |
General Who Assists the Army | Zhao Yun (214–?) | ||
| 鎮軍將軍 zhèn jūn jiāngjūn |
General Who Guards the Army | Zhao Yun (227–229); Chen Tai (256); Lu Kang (259–264) | ||
| 撫軍將軍 fǔ jūn jiāngjūn |
General Who Pacifies the Army | Sima Zhou; Bu Xie | ||
| 綏軍將軍 suí jūn jiāngjūn |
General Who Pacifies the Army | Yang Yi (230–234) | ||
| 昭武將軍 zhāo wǔ jiāngjūn |
General of Military Illustriousness | Han Dang (223–227); Zhuge Dan (239–251); Lu Shu; Bu Chan | ||
| 昭文將軍 zhāo wén jiāngjūn |
General of Civil Illustriousness | Yi Ji (221–?) | ||
| 昭義將軍 zhāo yì jiāngjūn |
General of Righteous Illustriousness | |||
| 昭德將軍 zhāo dé jiāngjūn |
General of Virtuous Illustriousness | Jian Yong (214–?) | ||
| 撫邊將軍 fǔ biān jiāngjūn |
General Who Pacifies the Border | Lu Xun (219–220) | ||
| 綏南將軍 suí nán jiāngjūn |
General Who Pacifies the South | Quan Cong (220–223) | ||
| 橫江將軍 héng jiāng jiāngjūn |
General Who Crosses the River | Lu Su (214–217) | ||
| 牙門將軍 yá mén jiāngjūn |
General of the Standard | Zhao Yun (208–?); Wei Yan |
Lesser general positions
edit| Chinese | Translation | Modern equivalent | Notes | Notable holders |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 偏將軍 piān jiāngjūn |
Lieutenant-General[1] | Lieutenant-General | Guan Yu (200–?); Zhou Yu (209–210); Han Dang (219–222) | |
| 裨將軍 bì jiāngjūn |
Major-General[1] | Major-General | Li Dian (200–204); Huo Jun (214–216); Zhou Fang (228–?) |
General of the Household positions
editSome of these positions were created for ad hoc or ceremonial purposes. In some instances, the person holding the position had no real military command.
| Chinese | Translation | Modern equivalent | Notes | Notable holders |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 五官中郎將 wǔ guān zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household for All Purposes[4] | Brigadier / Brigadier-General | Chen Ji (189); Cao Pi (211–220) | |
| 羽林中郎將 yǔlín zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household of the Yulin | Zhuge Zhan (244–?) | ||
| 虎賁中郎將 hǔbēn zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household of the Huben | Huan Jie (213–?); Dong Yun (?–243) | ||
| 左中郎將 zuǒ zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household of the Left[5] | Huangfu Song (184); Fu Qian; Du Qiong | ||
| 右中郎將 yòu zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household of the Right[5] | Zhu Jun (184); Bao Xun (?–226) | ||
| 東中郎將 dōng zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household of the East | Dong Zhuo (184–?); Huan Fan | ||
| 南中郎將 nán zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household of the South | |||
| 西中郎將 xī zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household of the West | |||
| 北中郎將 běi zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household of the North | Lu Zhi (184); Wu Zhi (220–?) | ||
| 典農中郎將 diǎn nóng zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household for Agriculture | Ren Jun (196–?); Sima Wang | ||
| 護匈奴中郎將 hù xiōngnú zhōnglángjiàng |
Emissary to the Xiongnu / General of the Household in Charge of the Xiongnu[1] | Tian Yu (240–?) | ||
| 司金中郎將 sī jīn zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household for Metals | |||
| 武衛中郎將 wǔ wèi zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household of the Military Guards | |||
| 度支中郎將 dù zhī zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household for Fiscal Revenue | |||
| 武略中郎將 wǔ luè zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household for Military Strategy | |||
| 綏南中郎將 suí nán zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household Who Pacifies the South | Shi Xie; Zhang Yi (231–234) | ||
| 蕩寇中郎將 dàng kòu zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household Who Defeats Bandits | Ling Tong (215) | ||
| 振威中郎將 zhèn wēi zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household Who Inspires Might | |||
| 建義中郎將 jiàn yì zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household Who Establishes Righteousness | |||
| 奉義中郎將 fèng yì zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household Who Follows Righteousness | |||
| 平虜中郎將 píng lǔ zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household Who Pacifies Barbarians | |||
| 典軍中郎將 diǎn jūn zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household Who Arranges the Army | |||
| 撫軍中郎將 fǔ jūn zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household Who Pacifies the Army | |||
| 司律中郎將 sī lǜ zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household for Law | |||
| 率善中郎將 shuàishàn zhōnglángjiàng |
General of the Household for Shuaishan |
Non-general positions
editColonel positions
editSome of these positions were created for ad hoc or ceremonial purposes. In some instances, the person holding the position had no real military command.
| Chinese | Translation | Modern equivalent | Notes | Notable holders |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 長水校尉 chángshuǐ xiàowèi |
Colonel of Changshui | Colonel | Ren Jun (?–204); Cai Mao; Liao Li (223–?) | |
| 城門校尉 chéngmén xiàowèi |
Colonel of the City Gates[6] | Zhu Jun; Yang Fu; Sun Li | ||
| 厲鋒校尉 lì fēng xiàowèi |
Colonel of Sharp Edge | Cao Ren | ||
| 射聲校尉 shè shēng xiàowèi |
Colonel of Shooters at Sounds | Zhang Yi (228–230); Sun Song | ||
| 典農校尉 diǎn nóng xiàowèi |
Colonel of Agriculture | Chen Deng; Fu Xuan | ||
| 屯騎校尉 tún jì xiàowèi |
Colonel of the Garrison Cavalry | Wang Lian (223–?); Liu Zan; Cao Zhao | ||
| 步兵校尉br>bùbīng xiàowèi | Colonel of Infantry | Xiang Lang (228–233) | ||
| 平東校尉 píng dōng xiàowèi |
Colonel Who Pacifies the East | He Qi (205–208) | ||
| 平虜校尉 píng lǔ xiàowèi |
Colonel Who Pacifies Barbarians | Yu Jin (196–200) | ||
| 鹽府校尉 yán fǔ xiàowèi |
Colonel of the Salt Office | Wang Lian | ||
| 越騎校尉 yuè jì xiàowèi |
Colonel of Striding Cavalry | Taishi Xiang; Yu Song | ||
| 護羌校尉 hù qiāng xiàowèi |
Colonel-Protector of the Qiang[3] | Su Ze (220); Wen Hui (223–?); Xu Miao (227–?) | ||
| 護東羌校尉 hù dōng qiāng xiàowèi |
Colonel Who Protects the Eastern Qiang | Deng Ai (255) | ||
| 護烏丸校尉 hù wūwǎn xiàowèi |
Colonel-Protector of the Wuhuan | Yan Rou (200–220); Guanqiu Jian (235); Tian Yu | ||
| 護鮮卑校尉 hù xiǎnbēi xiàowèi |
Colonel Who Protects the Xianbei | |||
| 輔義校尉 fǔ yì xiàowèi |
Colonel Who Upholds Righteousness | Liu Ji | ||
| 討寇校尉 tǎo kòu xiàowèi |
Colonel Who Attacks Bandits | Yue Jin (199–203) | ||
| 破賊校尉 pò zéi xiàowèi |
Colonel Who Defeats Bandits | Ling Cao (?–203) | ||
| 先登校尉 xiān dēng xiàowèi |
Colonel Who is First to Ascend | Han Dang | ||
| 贊軍校尉 zàn jūn xiàowèi |
Colonel Who Praises the Army | Lu Su (208–210) | ||
| 戊己校尉 wùjǐ xiàowèi |
Colonel(s) of Wu and Ji[4] | |||
| 建忠校尉 jiàn zhōng xiàowèi |
Colonel Who Establishes Loyalty | |||
| 西域校尉 xīyù xiàowèi |
Colonel of the Western Regions | |||
| 西戎校尉 xīróng xiàowèi |
Colonel of the Xirong | |||
| 東夷校尉 dōngyí xiàowèi |
Colonel of the Dongyi | Wen Yang (?–291) | ||
| 奮武校尉 fèn wǔ xiàowèi |
Colonel of Vehement Martial Might | Lu Su (210–?) |
Commandant positions
editA Commandant (都尉)[2] led 1 yíng (營) made up of 5 bùs or 2,000 men. Some of these positions were created for ad hoc or ceremonial purposes. In some instances, the person holding the position had no real military command.
| Chinese | Translation | Modern equivalent | Notes | Notable holders |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 奉車都尉 fèng chē dūwèi |
Commandant of Equipage[2] | Commandant / Lieutenant-Colonel | Gu Tan (?–243); Huang Hao (258–263) | |
| 駙馬都尉 fùmǎ dūwèi |
Commandant of Attendant Cavalry[2] | Zhuge Qiao; Wang Guan (249–254) | ||
| 騎都尉 jì dūwèi |
Commandant of Cavalry[3] | Ren Jun; Sima Fang; Zhu Yi (237–241); Lu Jing | ||
| 承烈都尉 chéng liè dūwèi |
Commandant of Vehemence | Ling Tong (208–209) | ||
| 中領軍 zhōnglǐngjūn |
Commandant of the Central Army | Cao Xiu (219–220); Xiahou Shang (220); Xiang Chong (?–240) |
Major positions
editA Major (軍司馬)[3] led 1 bù (部) made up of 2 qǔs or 400 men
| Chinese | Translation | Modern equivalent | Notes | Notable holders |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 別部司馬 bié bù sīmǎ |
Senior Major / Major of a Separate Command[6] | Major | Guan Yu; Zhou Tai; Xiahou Yuan | |
| 前部司馬 qián bù sīmǎ |
Major of the Vanguard | |||
| 後部司馬 hòu bù sīmǎ |
Major of the Rear | Zhang Yu (214–219) | ||
| 左部司馬 zuǒ bù sīmǎ |
Major of the Left | |||
| 右部司馬 yòu bù sīmǎ |
Major of the Right | |||
| 中司馬 zhōng sīmǎ |
Major of the Centre | Zhuge Jin; Song Qian | ||
| 丞相司馬 chéngxiàng sīmǎ |
Major under the Imperial Chancellor | Wei Yan | ||
| 行軍司馬 xíng jūn sīmǎ |
Major of a Mobilised Army |
Other positions
edit| Chinese | Translation | Modern equivalent | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 都督 dū dū |
Chief Controller / Area Commander[2] | Governor-General / Viceroy | |
| 監軍 jiān jūn |
Army Supervisor | Political Commissar | |
| 護軍 hù jūn |
Protector of the Army / Commissioner over the Army[3] | N/A | Could be either:
|
| 軍侯 jūn hóu |
Captain | Led 1 qǔ (曲; company)[1] made up of 2 túns or 200 men | |
| 屯長 tún zhǎng |
Led 1 tún (屯) made up of 2 duìs or 100 men | ||
| 隊率 duì shuài |
Lieutenant | Led 1 duì (隊) made up of 5 shís or 50 men | |
| 甚長 shèn zhǎng |
Sergeant | Led 1 shí (什) made up of 2 wǔs or 10 men | |
| 伍長 wú zhǎng |
Corporal | Led 1 wǔ (伍) made up of 5 men | |
| 士 / 卒 / 兵 shì / zú / bīng |
Private |
References
edit- Sources
- de Crespigny, Rafe (1967). Official Titles of the Former Han Dynasty as Translated and Transcribed by H.H. Dubs. Canberra: Australian National University Press.
- de Crespigny, Rafe (2007). A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms 23-220 AD. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 9789004156050.
- Dubs, Homer H.; Wittfogel, Karl August; McGougan, Arlene; Dull, Jack L., eds. (24 May 2010), Official Titles of the Han Dynasty: A Tentative List Compiled for The Han Dynasty History Project, University of Washington (PDF), retrieved 18 December 2017