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List of United States Supreme Court cases from the Rehnquist Court

1986–1989

Beginning of active duty of Chief Justice William Rehnquist, September 26, 1986
Keystone Bituminous Coal Ass'n v. Debenedictus, 480 U.S. 470 (1987): substantive due process, the takings clause of the Fifth Amendment
Turner v. Safley, 482 U.S. 78 (1987): free speech and marriage rights of prison inmates
First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. Los Angeles County, 482 U.S. 304 (1987): substantive due process, temporary taking
Edwards v. Aguillard, 482 U.S. 578 (1987): constitutionality of mandating teaching of creation science in conjunction with theory of evolution
South Dakota v. Dole, 483 U.S. 203 (1987): use of federal funding to encourage changes in state laws
Rankin v. McPherson, 483 U.S. 378 (1987): First Amendment Freedom of speech
Nollan v. California Coastal Commission, 483 U.S. 825 (1987): substantive due process, the takings clause
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier, 484 U.S. 260 (1988): freedom of speech in secondary school newspapers
Hustler Magazine v. Falwell, 485 U.S. 46 (1988): First Amendment; parody, emotional distress
Lying v. Northwest Indian CPA, 485 U.S. 439 (1988): religious rights of Native American vs. public interest
California v. Greenwood, 486 U.S. 35 (1988): Fourth Amendment; even absent a warrant, the search and seizure of garbage left for collection outside the curtilage of a home
Morrison v. Olson, 487 U.S. 654 (1988): independent counsel's office
Thompson v. Oklahoma, 487 U.S. 815 (1988):, Eighth Amendment; cruel and unusual punishment; capital punishment for juveniles under 16
Florida v. Riley , 488 U.S. 445 (1989): aerial surveillance and the Fourth Amendment
Lauro Lines s.r.l. v. Chasser et al., 490 U.S. 495 (1989): interlocutory appeals
Community For Creative Non-Violence v. Reid, 490 U.S. 730 (1989): copyright, work for hire
Martin v. Wilks, 490 U.S. 755 (1989):
Mistretta v. United States, 488 U.S. 361 (1989): United States Sentencing Commission, separation of powers
Texas v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397 (1989): freedom of speech (flag burning)
Webster v. Reproductive Health Services, 492 U.S. 490 (1989): abortion rights
County of Allegheny v. ACLU, 492 U.S. 573 (1989): holiday displays and state endorsement of religion
United States v. Verdugo-Urquidez, 494 U.S. 259 (1989): search and seizure of nonresident alien in foreign country

1990–1994

Chauffeurs, Teamsters, and Helpers Local No. 391 v. Terry, 494 U.S. 558 (1990): scope of Seventh Amendment right to jury trial in civil cases
Oregon v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990): religious freedom with respect to drug use
Westside School District v Mergens, 496 U.S. 226 (1990): Bible study clubs in schools
Missouri v. Jenkins, 495 U.S. 33 (1990): power of federal courts to order taxation by state or local governments
Illinois v. Rodriguez 497 U.S. 177 (1990): Fourth Amendment, "co-occupant consent rule"
Stewart v. Abend, 495 U.S. 207 (1990): rights of the successor of a copyright interest
Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health, 497 U.S. 261 (1990): incompetent persons may not refuse medical treatment under the Fourteenth Amendment
United States v. Eichman, 496 U.S. 310 (1990): freedom of speech (flag burning)
Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co., 497 U.S. 1 (1990): First Amendment and defamation--no "opinion privilege"
Maryland v. Craig, 497 U.S. 836 (1990): the right of criminal defendants to confront witnesses
Cheek v. United States, 498 U.S. 192 (1991): mistake of law is a valid defense to criminal tax evasion because of mens rea
Feist Publications v. Rural Telephone Service Co., 499 U.S. 340 (1991): minimal quantum of creativity is required for copyright protection
Carnival Cruise Lines, Inc. v. Shute, 499 U.S. 585 (1991): enforcement of forum selection clauses
Florida v. Bostick, 501 U.S. 429 (1991): random bus searches routinely conducted pursuant to passenger's consent
Harmelin v. Michigan, 501 U.S. 957 (1991): life sentence for cocaine possession
Hudson v. McMillian, 503 U.S. 1 (1992): excessive force against prison inmates, Eighth Amendment
United States v. Thompson-Center Arms Company, 504 U.S. 505 (1992): taxation of firearms
Gade v. National Solid Wastes Management Association, 505 U.S. 88 (1992): federal preemption of state labor safety laws
Forsyth County, Georgia v. The Nationalist Movement, 505 U.S. 123 (1992): First Amendment protection and police protection
New York v. United States, 505 U.S. 144 (1992): the take title provision of the Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 violated the Tenth Amendment
R. A. V. v. City of St. Paul, 505 U.S. 377 (1992): fighting words, hate speech
Lee v. Weisman, 505 U.S. 577 (1992): First Amendment, establishment of religion (prayer at high school graduations)
Planned Parenthood v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833 (1992): abortion
United States v. Fordice, 505 U.S. 717 (1992): segregation of colleges and universities
Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council, 505 U.S. 1003 (1992): per se rule of takings clause
Nixon v. United States, 506 U.S. 224 (1993): judicial impeachment, political question doctrine
Shaw v. Reno, 506 U.S. 630 (1993): appropriateness of considering race in redistricting
United States Department of Justice v. Landano, 508 U.S. 165 (1993): Freedom of Information Act and confidentiality
Wisconsin v. Mitchell, 508 U.S. 476 (1993): enhanced sentencing for hate crimes
Church of Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah, 508 U.S. 520 (1993): animal cruelty, freedom of religion
Lamb's Chapel v. Center Moriches Union Free School District, 508 U.S. 384 (1993): access by religious groups to public school facilities
Alexander v. United States, 509 U.S. 544 (1993):
Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, 509 U.S. 579 (1993): the Daubert Standard on the admissibility of the opinion of the expert witness
Hartford Fire Insurance Co. v. California, 509 U.S. 764 (1993): application of Sherman Antitrust Act to foreign companies
Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc., 510 U.S. 569 (1994): copyright, commercial fair use is possible, parody
C&A Carbone, Inc v. Town of Clarkstown, 511 U.S. 383 (1994): Dormant Commerce Clause
Dolan v. City of Tigard, 512 U.S. 374 (1994): substantive due process, takings clause
Board of Education of Kiryas Joel Village School District v. Grumet, 512 U.S. 687 (1994): school district coinciding with religious community
United Mine Workers of America v. Bagwell, 512 U.S. 821 (1994): constitutional limitations on the contempt powers of courts
United States v. Shabani, 513 U.S. 10 (1994): elements of criminal conspiracy (i.e., requirement for an overt act)

1995-1999

McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Commission, 514 U.S. 334 (1995): anonymous campaign literature under the First Amendment
United States v. Alfonso Lopez, Jr., 514 U.S. 549 (1995): interstate commerce, gun-free school zones
Adarand Constructors v. Peña, 515 U.S. 200 (1995): constitutionality of race-based set-asides (strict scrutiny test)
Rosenberger v. University of Virginia, 515 U.S. 819 (1995): discrimination by state universities against student religious organizations
Vernonia School District 47J v. Acton, 515 U.S. 646 (1995): constitutionality of public school drug testing; Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments
Seminole Tribe v. Florida, 517 U.S. 44 (1996): Article I and the Eleventh Amendment
Markman v. Westview Instruments, Inc., 517 U.S. 370 (1996): claim construction of patents
44 Liquormart, Inc. v. State of Rhode Island, 517 U.S. 484 (1996): restrictions on commercial speech
BMW of North America, Inc. v. Gore, 517 U.S. 559 (1996): whether punitive damages are limited by substantive due process; Fourteenth Amendment
Romer v. Evans, 517 U.S. 620 (1996): equal protection, homosexuality
Jaffe v. Redmond, 518 U.S. 1 (1996): medical confidentiality
Gasperini v. Center For Humanities, Inc., 518 U.S. 415 (1996): Seventh Amendment, modern interpretation of the Erie doctrine
United States v. Virginia, 518 U.S. 515 (1996): separate but equal gender discrimination
Schenck v. Pro-Choice Network of Western New York, 519 U.S. 357 (1997): protesters of abortion clinics
Warner-Jenkinson Company, Inc. v. Hilton Davis Chemical Co., 520 U.S. 17 (1997): patent law, doctrine of equivalents
Clinton v. Jones, 520 U.S. 681 (1997): Executive privilege and immunity
City of Boerne v. Flores, 521 U.S. 507 (1997): scope of Congressional enforcement power under § 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment
Washington v. Glucksberg, 521 U.S. 702 (1997): constitutionality of state law forbidding assisted suicide
Raines v. Byrd, 521 U.S. 811 (1997): line item veto, legal standing; redirects to Clinton v. City of New York
Printz, Sheriff/Coroner, Ravalli County, Montana v. United States, 521 U.S. 898 (1997): background checks before purchasing handguns
Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union, 521 U.S. 844 (1997): free speech, obscenity, CDA
Oncale v. Sundowner Offshore Services, 523 U.S. 75 (1998): applicability of sexual harassment laws to same sex harassment
Federal Election Commission v. Akins, 524 U.S. 11 (1998): standing conferred by statute
United States v. Bajakajian, 524 U.S. 321 (1998): excessive fines
Clinton v. City of New York, 524 U.S. 417 (1998): Line Item Veto
Eastern Enterprises v. Apfel, 524 U.S. 498 (1998): Substantive Due Process, Economic Liberties
Marquez v. Screen Actors Guild Inc., 525 U.S. 33 (1998): union shop contracts
Pfaff v. Wells Electronics, Inc., 525 U.S. 55 (1998): on-sale bar of United States patent law
Saenz v. Roe, 526 U.S. 489 (1999): welfare benefits to new state citizens
Hunt v. Cromartie, 526 U.S. 541 (1999): gerrymandering
Kumho Tire Co. v. Carmichael 526 U.S. 137 (1999): expert testimony
Chicago v. Morales, 527 U.S. 41 (1999): loitering as gang activity
Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Board v. College Savings Bank, 527 U.S. 627 (1999): sovereign immunity of the States
Alden v. Maine, 527 U.S. 706 (1999): sovereign immunity of the States

2000–2005

Decided and reported

Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Environmental Services, Inc., 528 U.S. 167 (2000): standing, mootness, "voluntary cessation"
Nixon v. Shrink Missouri Government PAC, 528 U.S. 377 (2000): campaign contributions to state political parties
Rice v. Cayetano, 528 U.S. 495 (2000): race-based voting restrictions for state government offices
Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System v. Southworth, 529 U.S. 217 (2000): compulsory student fees to support political campus groups; First Amendment
United States v. Morrison, 529 U.S. 598 (2000): limits of Congress's power under the commerce clause
United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group, 529 U.S. 803 (2000): scrambling of adult material on cable channels; First Amendment
United States v. Hubbell, 530 U.S. 27 (2000): criminal charges based on subpeonaed documents
Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe, 530 U.S. 290 (2000): prayer in schools
Crosby v. National Foreign Trade Council, 530 U.S. 363 (2000): federal preemption of state foreign trade regulation
Dickerson v. United States, 530 U.S. 428 (2000): Miranda rights
Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 (2000): Juries must decide all elements proof beyond reasonable doubt for sentence enhancement
California Democratic Party v. Jones, 530 U.S. 567 (2000): freedom of association and political primary elections
Stenberg v. Carhart, 530 U.S. 914 (2000): "late term" or "partial birth" abortions
Boy Scouts of America v. Dale, 530 U.S. 640 (2000): right of free association, homosexuality
City of Indianapolis v. Edmond, 531 U.S. 32 (2000): use of dogs at random traffic stops
Bush v. Gore, 531 U.S. 98 (2000): vote recounts in presidential election
Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Ass’n, 531 U.S. 288 (2001): expansion of state action to include "public entwinement"
Board of Trustees of the University of Alabama v. Garrett, 531 U.S. 356 (2001): Eleventh Amendment sovereign immunity and Equal Protection in a disability case
Semtek International Inc. v. Lockheed Martin Corp., 531 U.S. 497 (2001): res judicata effect of federal judgments in state court
TrafFix Devices, Inc. v. Marketing Displays, Inc., 532 U.S. 23 (2001): trademark protection for patented designs
Easley v. Cromartie, 532 U.S. 234 (2001): racial discrimination, gerrymandering
Atwater v. City of Lago Vista, 532 U.S. 318 (2001): search and seizure
Rogers v. Tennessee, 532 U.S. 451 (2001): due process, "year and a day rule" in murder cases
Kyllo v. United States, 533 U.S. 27 (2001): refined meaning of 'search' in Fourth Amendment
Palazzolo v. Rhode Island, 533 U.S. 606 (2001): substantive due process, takings clause
Tahoe-Sierra Preservation Council, Inc. v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, 535 U.S. 302 (2002): substantive due process, takings clause
Festo Corp. v. Shoketsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kabushiki Co., 535 U.S. 722 (2002): prosecution history estoppel
Atkins v. Virginia, 536 U.S. 304 (2002): cannot execute mentally retarded
Ring v. Arizona, 536 U.S. 584 (2002): judge cannot find facts for death sentence without a jury
Zelman v. Simmons-Harris, 536 U.S. 639 (2002): constitutionality of school voucher program
Republican Party of Minnesota v. White, 536 U.S. 765 (2002): election of state judges, freedom of speech
Gratz v. Bollinger, 000 U.S. 02-516 (2003): racial discrimination, affirmative action, equal protection
Grutter v. Bollinger, 000 U.S. 02-241 (2003): racial discrimination, affirmative action, equal protection
Lawrence v. Texas, 000 U.S. 02-102 (2003): liberty, due process, homosexuality
McConnell v. FEC, 000 U.S. 02-1674 (2003): First Amendment; political speech
Virginia v. Black, 000 U.S. 01-1107 (2003): restricted speech
Doe v. Chao, 000 U.S. 02-1377 (2004): governmental violation of privacy rights
Crawford v. Washington, 000 U.S. 02-9410 (2004): prior testimony exception to hearsay in criminal trials, Sixth Amendment right to confront witnesses
United States v. Dominguez Benitez, 542 U.S. 74 (2004): appellate review standard for violations of Rule 11 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure
Locke v. Davey, 540 U.S. 712 (2004): a religion clauses case upholding a Washington state scholarship program which excluded funding devotional studies.
Tennessee v. Lane, 541 U.S. 509 (2004): Congress's power under the 14th amendment, section 5; Americans With Disabilities Act
Republic of Austria v. Altmann, 541 U.S. 677 (2004): retroactive application of the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act
Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296 (2004): right to jury trial, judge-enhanced criminal sentences
United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220 (2005): right to jury trial, judge-enhanced criminal sentences
Exxon Mobil Corp. v. Saudi Basic Industries Corp., 544 U.S. 280 (2005): state court decisions and the application of the Rooker-Feldman doctrine
Cutter v. Wilkinson, 544 U.S. 709 (2005): religious freedom for prison inmates

Decided, but not yet reported

The cases in this section are recently decided and have not yet been published in a reporter, and thus have not yet been assigned an official United States Reports citation (e.g., 537 U.S. 186). They are identified using their Supreme Court docket number. The date listed is the date of decision. In addition, some of these cases use one of the following citations: Supreme Court Reporter (___ S.Ct. ___); Supreme Courts Reports, Lawyer's Edition (___ L.Ed. ___) [1]; or U.S. Law Week [2]. See Court citation, Unpublished decisions for additional guidance.

Note: Cases in this section are listed in order by the last name of the plaintiff (the name to the left of the "v."), and then, if necessary, by the name of the defendant (the name to the right):

04-368 (5/31/05) Arthur Andersen LLP v. United States (2005): legality of document destruction in the face of likely government investigation
02-891 (6/7/04) Central Laborers’ Pension Fund v. Heinz, 124 S.Ct. 2230 (2004): an ambiguity in the Employee Retirement Income Security Act
03-358 (6/7/04) Department of Transportation v. Public Citizen, 124 S.Ct. 2204 (2004): Presidential foreign affairs and foreign trade actions
02-1624 (6/14/04) Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow, 542 U.S. ___ (2004): validity of “under God” in Pledge of Allegiance; standing to bring suit on another’s behalf.
03-1454 (6/6/05) Gonzales v. Raich (2005): legitimacy of using marijuana as a medicine, and power of the federal government to regulate intrastate activities
03-6696 (6/28/04) Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, 542 U.S. ___ (2004): detention of American citizens
03-5554 (6/21/04) Hiibel v. Sixth Judicial District Court of Nevada, 542 U.S. ___ (2004): constitutionality of state law requiring citizens to identify themselves to police
03-923 (1/24/05) Illinois v. Caballes, 543 U.S. ___ (2005): Fourth Amendment Search and seizure
02-572 (6/21/04) Intel Corp. v. Advanced Micro Devices, Inc., 542 U.S. ___ (2004): foreign tribunals
04-108 (6/23/05) Kelo v. City of New London (2005): eminent domain; takings of private property for private development
03-1237 (6/13/05) Merck KGaA, Petitioner v. Integra Lifesciences I, Ltd., et al.: applicability of patents in preclinical studies
03-1693 (6/27/05) McCreary County v. ACLU of Kentucky (2005): constitutionality of a Ten Commandments display; potential reformulation of the Lemon test
04-277 (6/27/05) National Cable and Telecomm. Assn v. Brand X Internet Services 545 U.S. ___ (2005)
04-480 (6/27/05) MGM Studios, Inc. v. Grokster, Ltd. (2005): Copyright infringement in P2P file-sharing; re-examination of Sony Corp. v. Universal City Studios
03-334 (6/28/04) Rasul v. Bush, 542 U.S. ____ (2004): jurisdiction over foreign nationals detained in Guantanamo Bay
03-633 (3/1/05) Roper v. Simmons, 543 U. S. ____ (2005): Eighth Amendment; cruel and unusual punishment; capital punishment for juveniles under 18 (compare Thompson v. Oklahoma from 1988)
03-1027 (6/28/04) Rumsfeld v. Padilla, 124 S.Ct. 2230 (2004): detention of American citizens
03-750 (4/26/05) Small v. United States (2005): resolution of split appeals court decisions on inclusion of foreign courts in the term “any court”
03-1388 (6/06/05) Spector v. Norwegian Cruise Line Ltd. (2005): applicability of the Americans with Disabilities Act to foreign-held companies
04-617 (6/13/05) Stewart v. United States (2005): applicability of Commerce Clause in criminalizing private homemade automatic firearms
03-1395 (3/2/05) Tenet v. Doe, 544 U. S. ____ (2005): enforceability of contracts between the government and spies (undercover CIA agents)
03-1488 (5/31/05) Tory v. Cochran (2005): defamation, enjoinment of speech; continuity of injunction after death
03-1500 (6/27/05) Van Orden v. Perry (2005): legality of a Ten Commandments display