The Turkmen Air Force (Turkmen: Türkmen Howa Güýçleri) is the air force branch of the Armed Forces of Turkmenistan. It was formed from former Soviet Air Forces units within that region of the Turkestan Military District. The Turkmen Air Force inherited some 300 Soviet aircraft, and has pilots trained in Ukraine.[1]
| Turkmen Air Force | |
|---|---|
| Türkmen Howa Güýçleri (Turkmen) | |
 Turkmen Air Force roundel | |
| Founded | 1992 |
| Country |  Turkmenistan |
| Type | Air force |
| Role | Aerial warfare |
| Size | 3,000 personnel 99 aircraft |
| Part of | Turkmen Armed Forces |
| Headquarters | Ashgabat |
| Colours | Yellow, Blue, White |
| Commanders | |
| Supreme Commander-in-Chief | President Serdar Berdimuhamedow |
| Insignia | |
| Flag |  |
| Aircraft flown | |
| Attack | Su-25, Embraer EMB 314 Super Tucano, M-346 Master |
| Fighter | MiG-29, Mig-25 |
| Helicopter | Mil Mi-17, AW139, Eurocopter AS365 Dauphin |
| Attack helicopter | Mil Mi-24 |
| Transport | Antonov An-26, Antonov An-74, Alenia C-27J Spartan |
History
editAfter the division of the Turkestan Military District of the Soviet Armed Forces between the independent states of Central Asia, Turkmenistan inherited the largest aviation group in Central Asia, deployed at two large bases: one near Mary and one near Ashgabat.[2] In the 1990s, the Turkmen Air Force took over operation of Krasnovodsk Air Base (now Turkmenbashi International Airport), which was an interceptor aircraft facility for the Soviet Air Force. Among the former units of the Soviet Air Forces in Turkmenistan were the following: 67th Mixed Aviation Regiment, 366th Independent Helicopter Squadron, 179th Fighter Aviation Regiment, 217th Fighter/Bomber Aviation Regiment. In 2002, the Air Force was armed with up to 250 helicopters and aircraft of various systems. There were plans to strengthen the coastal naval force in 2015, which resulted in a moderate improvement in the Caspian Sea presence.[3]
Organization
edit- 99th Aviation Base (Mary-2 airbase) with MiG-29 and Su-25.[4]
- 47th Separate Mixed Aviation Squadron (Аk-Tepe/Ashkabad) with Аn-26/24, Mi-24 and Mi-8.
- 107th Fighter Aviation Regiment (Ak-Tepe) with 38 MiG-23 and 20 MiG-25 (not operational).
- 31st Separate Aviation Squadron (Chardzhou/Turkmenabad) with MiG-21, Su-7, L-39, Yak-28 and Аn-12 (not operational).
- 55th Fighter Aviation Regiment (Balkanabat) with MiG-23М (not operational).
- 56th Storage Base (Kyzyl-Arvat) with MiG-23.
- 1st Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment 'Turkmenbashi' (Bikrova/Ashkabad) with 2K11 Krug
- 2nd Radio-Technical Brigade
.jpg)
Akdepe Airdrome
editAkdepe Airdrome is the main airfield of the air force, located in Ashgabat. The border troops of Turkmenistan use the airfield for their own aircraft.[5] In June 2008, President of Turkmenistan Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedov flew over the capital of the country on a MiG-29 supersonic combat aircraft after visiting the airfield.[6]
Around 2015, conditions for local flights at the military airfield began to be prepared for the 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games.[7]
Mary-2 Airfield
editMary-2 airbase is located north of the city of Mary. In the Soviet era, it hosted two Tu-22M3 squadrons from the 185th Guards Heavy Bomber Aviation Regiment. During the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan, these two squadrons bombed the Afghan Mujahideen during the Panjshir offensives of the Soviet 40th Army. In early 1989, the last of these squadrons left the Mary-2 airfield and returned to their places of permanent deployment.[8] The long runway Mary-2 can accommodate all types of aircraft, including heavy transport aircraft and strategic bombers.[9] During the Iraq War, it was speculated that the airbase would be used to host United States Army equipment from the Karshi-Khanabad Air Base in neighboring Uzbekistan. In September 2004, a representative of the military attaché of the U.S. visited the Mary-2 airfield, and at around the same time, construction companies from the United Arab Emirates began work at the airfield to bring the facility to a state of full readiness for operation.[10][11]
Briefly during the Soviet period the Mary-2 airbase housed an aggressor squadron used for training Soviet fighter pilots in aerial combat, akin to the United States Navy's Top Gun school.[12]
Aircraft
editThe IISS in 2012 said the Air Force had 3,000 personnel with 94 combat capable aircraft.[13]
The total number of aircraft is 97[14]It said there were two fighter/ground attack squadrons with MiG-29/MiG-29UB (total of 24 both types), Sukhoi Su-17 Fitter-Bs (65), two Sukhoi Su-25 Frogfoots (with 41 more being refurbished) and twenty three Sukhoi Su-24 (which staying at Ashgabat air field). It reported one transport squadron with Antonov An-26 'Curl' (1), and Mi-8s and Mi-24s (8 and 10 listed in service respectively). Training units had Sukhoi Su-7 Fitter-As (3 listed in service) and L-39 Albatros. Air defence missile units had SA-2, SA-3, and SA-5.
Current inventory
edit
| Aircraft | Origin | Type | Variant | In service | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Combat aircraft | |||||
| A-29 Super Tucano | Brazil | attack | A-29B | 5[15] | |
| Sukhoi Su-25 | Soviet Union | attack | 25[15] | ||
| M-346 Master | Italy | light combat aircraft | M-346FA | 5[15] | |
| Mikoyan MiG-29 | Soviet Union | multirole | 24[15] | ||
| Transport | |||||
| C-27J Spartan | Italy | transport | 2[15] | ||
| Antonov An-26 | Soviet Union | transport | 1[15] | ||
| Antonov An-74 | Soviet Union | transport | 2[15] | STOL capable aircraft | |
| Helicopters | |||||
| AgustaWestland AW109 | Italy | utility | 1[15] | ||
| AgustaWestland AW139 | Italy United Kingdom | utility | 8 on order[15] | ||
| Mil Mi-17 | Soviet Union | utility | 15[15] | ||
| Mil Mi-24 | Soviet Union | attack | 10[15] | ||
| Trainers | |||||
| M-346 Master | Italy | trainer | M-346FT | 2 on order[15][16] | |
| UAV | |||||
| Selex ES Falco | Italy Pakistan | reconnaissance | 3[14] | ||
| Bayraktar TB2 | Turkey | UCAV | 6[17] | ||
Commanders
editReferences
edit- ^ Игорь Елков, Вся постсоветская рать: Какая из бывших советских республик всех сильнее, Российская газета – Неделя №3893 от 7 октября 2005 г.[1]
- ^ "Статья с сайта Центра Анализа Стратегий и технологий". Archived from the original on 6 March 2016.
- ^ The Military Balance 2016,p.203
- ^ Vad777, Turkmenistan Archived 8 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "В погранвойска Туркменистана поступили первые беспилотники | Kazakhstan Today". www.kt.kz (in Russian). Retrieved 21 December 2020.
- ^ "Президент Туркмении облетел столицу страны на МиГ-29". Известия (in Russian). 26 June 2008. Retrieved 21 December 2020.
- ^ "Военный аэродром под Ашхабадом будет принимать местные авиарейсы (АвиаПорт)". АвиаПорт.Ru (in Russian). Retrieved 21 December 2020.
- ^ "Вооружения ВВС Дальний ракетоносец ТУ-26". vs.milrf.ru. Retrieved 21 December 2020.
- ^ "Гундогар :: Американская авиабаза в Туркменистане: решение или проблема?". gundogar.org. Retrieved 21 December 2020.
- ^ "Гундогар :: "Мары-2" к взлету готов". www.gundogar.org. Retrieved 21 December 2020.
- ^ "Американское военное присутствие в Туркменистане". zonakz.net (in Russian). Retrieved 21 December 2020.
- ^ Leone, Dario (15 August 2019), The Unknown Story of the Soviet MiG-29 Aggressor Unit Tasked to Simulate USAF F-15 Fighters, The Aviation Geek Club
- ^ IISS 2012 p.290
- ^ a b "Arms Transfers Database". Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Hoyle, Craig (2023). "World Air Forces 2024". Flight Global. flightglobal.com. Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ GDC (29 August 2021). "Italian Leonardo Scored Major M-346 Trainer Deal From Egypt, Greece, Poland and Turkmenistan". Global Defense Corp. Retrieved 30 August 2021.
- ^ Ozberk, Tayfun (1 October 2021). "In first, Turkmenistan shows off Bayraktar TB2 drone". Defense News. Retrieved 2 October 2021.
- ^ "Сапармурат Ниязов Наблюдал За Военными Учениями | Интернет-Газета". Turkmenistan.ru. 25 September 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
- ^ "Начальник Генштаба Туркмении Обвиняется В Пособничестве Участникам Заговора | Интернет-Газета". Turkmenistan.ru. 25 September 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
- ^ "п÷я─п╣п╥п╦п╢п╣п╫я┌ п╒я┐я─п╨п╪п╣п╫п╦п╦ п╬я┌п©я─п╟п╡п╦п╩ п╡ п╬я┌я│я┌п╟п╡п╨я┐ я│п╦п╩п╬п╡я▀я┘ п╪п╦п╫п╦я│я┌я─п╬п╡". Vesti.ru. 24 January 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
- ^ "Colonel Gurbanguly Gurbangulyyev Appointed Commander Of Air Force And Air Defence Troops Of Turkmen Armed Forces". Turkmenistan.ru. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
- ^ "В Туркменистане бывший командующий ВВС осужден на 11 лет | Kazakhstan Today". www.kt.kz.
- ^ "Командующий ВВС Туркменистана освобожден от занимаемой должности". 10 June 2010.
- ^ "Бывший командующий ВВС Туркмении осужден на 11 лет за падение старого вертолета, заодно посадили и его братьев, 13 сентября 2010 – аналитический портал ПОЛИТ.РУ". Polit.ru. Retrieved 22 November 2021.
- ^ "ГУРБАНГУЛЫЕВ Гурбангулы Тачтурдыевич | ЦентрАзия". centrasia.org. Retrieved 27 December 2020.