Terminologia Anatomica

Terminologia Anatomica is the international standard for human anatomical terminology. It is developed by the Federative International Programme on Anatomical Terminology, a program of the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA). The second edition was released in 2019 and approved and adopted by the IFAA General Assembly in 2020. Terminologia Anatomica supersedes the previous standard, Nomina Anatomica. It contains terminology for about 7500 human anatomical structures.

Categories of anatomical structures

Terminologia Anatomica is divided into 16 chapters grouped into five parts. The official terms are in Latin. Although equivalent English-language terms are provided, as shown below, only the official Latin terms are used as the basis for creating lists of equivalent terms in other languages.

Part I

Chapter 1: General anatomy

1. General terms
2. Reference planes
3. Reference lines
4. Human body positions
5. Movements
6. Parts of human body
7. Regions of human body

Part II: Musculoskeletal systems

Chapter 2: Bones

1. Axial skeleton
2. Appendicular skeleton
3. Bones
4. Cranium
5. Extracranial bones of head
6. Auditory ossicles
7. Teeth
8. Nasal cartilages
9. Cartilages of ear
10. Laryngeal cartilages
11. Vertebral column
12. Thoracic skeleton
13. Bones of upper limb
14. Bony pelvis
15. Bones of lower limb
16. Joints

Chapter 3: Joints

1. Joints of skull
2. Joints of auditory ossicles
3. Laryngeal joints
4. Joints of vertebral column
5. Thoracic joints
6. Joints of upper limb
7. Joints of lower limb

Chapter 4: Muscular system

1. Cranial part of muscular system
2. Cervical part of muscular system
3. Dorsal part of muscular system
4. Thoracic part of muscular system
5. Abdominal part of muscular system
6. Pelvic part of muscular system
7. Muscular system of upper limb
8. Muscular system of lower limb

Part III: Visceral systems

Chapter 5: Digestive system

1. Mouth
2. Fauces
3. Pharynx
4. Digestive canal
5. Liver
6. Gallbladder
7. Extrahepatic bile ducts
8. Pancreas

Chapter 6: Respiratory system

1. Nose
2. Paranasal sinuses
3. Larynx
4. Tracheobronchial tree
5. Lungs

Chapter 7: Thoracic cavity

1. Pleural cavity
2. Mediastinum

Chapter 8: Urinary system

1. Kidney
2. Ureter
3. Urinary bladder
4. Urethra

Chapter 9: Genital systems

1. Female genital system
2. Male genital system

Part IV: Integrating systems I

Chapter 11: Endocrine glands

1. Hypophysis
2. Pineal gland
3. Thyroid gland
4. Parathyroid glands
5. Suprarenal gland
6. Paraganglia

Chapter 12: Cardiovascular system

1. Blood
2. Lymph
3. Vessels
4. Vascular plexuses
5. Heart
6. Pulmonary vessels
7. Cardiac vessels
8. Systemic arteries
9. Systemic veins
10. Great lymphatic vessels

Chapter 13: Lymphoid organs

1. Primary lymphoid organs
2. Secondary lymphoid organs

Part V: Integrating systems II

Chapter 14: Nervous system

1. Central nervous system
2. Peripheral nervous system
3. Autonomic division of peripheral nervous system

Chapter 15: Sense organs

1. Olfactory organ
2. Eye
3. Ear
4. Gustatory organ

Chapter 16: The integument

1. Skin
2. Skin appendages
3. Subcutaneous tissue
4. Breast
5. Scalp

See also

• Terminologia Embryologica
• Terminologia Histologica
• Terminologia Neuroanatomica
• Foundational Model of Anatomy
• Anatomical terminology

External links

• Terminologia Anatomica
• Terminologia Anatomica, Second Edition, International Anatomical Terminology
• TA2Viewer, a searchable, dynamic web application of TA2 (2019)