Salvador López Rochac was a Salvadoran politician and military officer. He served as a supplement deputy of the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador in 1931 and as the minister of war, the navy, and aviation for one day in December 1931 before being overthrown in a coup d'état.
Salvador López Rochac | |
|---|---|
| 29th Minister of War, the Navy, and Aviation of El Salvador | |
| In office 1 December 1931 – 2 December 1931 | |
| President | Arturo Araujo |
| Preceded by | Maximiliano Hernández Martínez |
| Succeeded by | Osmín Aguirre y Salinas |
| Supplement Deputy of the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador from Sonsonate | |
| In office 1 March 1931 – 2 December 1931 | |
| Personal details | |
| Political party | Salvadoran Laborist Party |
| Relatives | Arturo Araujo (brother-in-law) |
| Occupation | Politician |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  El Salvador |
| Rank | Colonel |
Political career
editLópez was elected as a supplementary deputy of the Legislative Assembly from Sonsonate during the 1931 general election.[1][2] He assumed office on 1 March 1931, and on 20 March, he was elected as the first presidential designate — the individual who would assume the presidency of El Salvador in the event of a vacancy.[3] Salvadoran president Arturo Araujo (López's brother-in-law) also appointed López as the General Director of the Police.[4] According to Leopoldo Ovidio Rodríguez, a writer for the Opinión Estudiantil newspaper, López's appointment was illegal due to article 63 of the constitution of El Salvador prohibiting incumbent deputies of the Legislative Assembly from holding any other office with the exception of diplomatic offices.[5]
On 1 December 1931, Araujo removed Brigadier General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez from his position as minister of war, the navy, and aviation (defense minister) due to him questioning Martínez's loyalty to his government. Araujo appointed López to the position to replace Martínez.[6] The following day, the Armed Forces of El Salvador launched a coup d'état against Araujo. The military established the Civic Directory to rule El Salvador and replaced López as defense minister with Colonel Osmín Aguirre y Salinas.[7] Although López was the first presidential designate, he did not assume the presidency as he fled El Salvador along with Araujo. Doctor José Maximiliano Olano, the president of the Legislative Assembly and the second designate, would have assumed office, but the Civic Directory did not permit him to;[1][8] instead, it appointed Martínez as provisional president on 4 December 1931.[9]
References
editCitations
edit- ^ a b Cruz Zepeda 2006, p. 142.
- ^ Rodríguez 1931, p. 5.
- ^ Opinión Estudiantil 1931, pp. 1 & 4.
- ^ Opinión Estudiantil 1931, p. 4.
- ^ Rodríguez 1931, pp. 5–6.
- ^ Gould & Lauria Santiago 2008, p. 139.
- ^ Leistenschneider & Leistenschneider 1980, pp. 188–189.
- ^ Diario co Latino 2021.
- ^ Bernal Ramírez & Quijano de Batres 2009, p. 109.
Bibliography
edit- Bernal Ramírez, Luis Guillermo & Quijano de Batres, Ana Elia, eds. (2009). Historia 2 El Salvador [History 2 El Salvador] (PDF). Historia El Salvador (in Spanish). El Salvador: Ministry of Education. ISBN 9789992363683. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
- Cruz Zepeda, Ciro (2006). "Historia del Órgano Legislativo de la República de El Salvador" [History of the Legislative Organ of the Republic of El Salvador] (PDF) (in Spanish) (3rd ed.). Legislative Assembly of El Salvador. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
- Gould, Jeffrey & Lauria Santiago, Aldo A. (2008). To Rise in Darkness: Revolution, Repression, and Memory in El Salvador, 1920–1932. Durham, North Carolina and London: Duke University Press. doi:10.1215/9780822381242. ISBN 9780822342281. OCLC 174501636. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
- "Impago 1931 y Golpe de Estado (VII)" [Non-Payment 1931 and Coup d'État (VII)]. Diario co Latino (in Spanish). 13 August 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
- Leistenschneider, María & Leistenschneider, Freddy (1980). Gobernantes de El Salvador: Biografías [Governors of El Salvador: Biographies] (in Spanish). Ministry of the Interior. OCLC 7876291. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
- Rodríguez, Leopoldo Ovidio (30 May 1931). "Nombramiento Ilegal que Constituye Delito" [Illegal Appointment Which Constitutes a Crime] (PDF). Opinión Estudiantil (in Spanish). Vol. 6, no. 53. San Salvador, El Salvador. pp. 1–6. Retrieved 2 October 2024.
- "Un Golpe de Mesa en la Asamblea y Los Derechos Ciudadanos de Salvador López Rochac se Encuentran Suspendidos" [A Table Coup in the Assembly and The Citizens Rights of Salvador López Rochac Have Been Suspended] (PDF). Opinión Estudiantil (in Spanish). Vol. 6, no. 45. San Salvador, El Salvador. 21 March 1931. pp. 1–4. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
