Parascolopsis inermis, the unarmed dwarf monocle bream, banded monocle bream, redbelt monocle bream or yellow monocle bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Nemipteridae, the threadfin breams. This fish is found in the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans.
| Parascolopsis inermis | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Spariformes |
| Family: | Nemipteridae |
| Genus: | Parascolopsis |
| Species: | P. inermis
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| Binomial name | |
| Parascolopsis inermis | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Taxonomy edit
Parascolopsis inermis was first formally described as Scolopsides inermis in 1843 by Coenraad Jacob Temminck and Hermann Schlegel with its type locality given as Japan.[3] The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies the genus Parascolopsis within the family Nemipteridae which it places in the order Spariformes.[4]
Etymology edit
Parascolopsis inermis has the specific name inermis which means "unarmed", referring to the suborbital finely serrated or smooth rear margin with a tiny spine at its angle.[5]
Description edit
Parascolopsis inermis has 10 spines and 9 soft rays supporting the dorsal fin while the anal fin is supported by 3 spines and 7 soft rays. The scales on the crown extend forward to the intraorbital region. The rear margin of the preoperculum has a slight slope towards the front. The lower limb of preoperculum has no scales. The rear edge of the suborbital is finely serrated and has a tiny spine at its upper angle. The pectoral fins are long, extending as far as or past the level of the anus. The pelvic fins are also long, extending as far as or near to the level of anus.[2] The depth of the body fits 2.6 to 2.9 times into its standard length and length of the snout is around equal to or slightly less than the diameter of the eye. The overall colour of the body is pale yellow, shading to silver ventrally. There are 4 wide dark reddish vertical bars along the back with light coloured bars in the spaces between the dark bars. The dorsal fin is yellowish with red spots.[6] This species has a maximum published standard length of 18 cm (7.1 in), although 12 cm (4.7 in) is more typical.[2]
Distribution and habitat edit
Parascolopsis inermis is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans from the Laccadive Islands and Sri Lanka east to southern Japan and the South China Sea[2] and south to northwestern Australia and the Coral Sea.[7] This species is found at depths between 60 and 131 m (197 and 430 ft) in offshore waters over sandy or muddy substrates, typically in small schools.[2]
References edit
- ^ Al Abdali, F.S.H.; Al Buwaiqi, B.; Al Kindi, A.S.M.; et al. (2019). "Parascolopsis inermis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T123440719A123494917. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T123440719A123494917.en. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- ^ a b c d e Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2023). "Parascolopsis inermis" in FishBase. October 2023 version.
- ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Parascolopsis". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- ^ Nelson, J.S.; Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 502–506. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. LCCN 2015037522. OCLC 951899884. OL 25909650M.
- ^ "Order SPARIFORMES: Families LETHRINIDAE, NEMIPTERIDAE and SPARIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. 17 October 2022. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
- ^ Barry C. Russell (2022). "Family Nemipteridae". In Phillip C Heemstra; Elaine Heemstra; David A Ebert; Wouter Holleman; John E Randall (eds.). Coastal Fishes of the Western Indian Ocean (PDF). Vol. 3. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity. pp. 328–340. ISBN 978-1-990951-32-9.
- ^ Bray, D.J. "Parascolopsis inermis". Fishes of Australia. Museums Victoria. Retrieved 14 November 2023.
- Russell, B.C., 1990. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 12. Nemipterid fishes of the world. (Threadfin breams, whiptail breams, monocle breams, dwarf monocle breams, and coral breams). Family Nemipteridae. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of nemipterid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(12):149p. Rome: FAO