Wikipedia

List of spacecraft with electric propulsion

In chronological order, spacecraft are listed equipped with electric space propulsion. This includes both cruise engines and/or thrusters for attitude and orbit control. It is not specified whether the given engine is the sole means of propulsion or whether other types of engine are also used on a spacecraft. The list does not claim to be comprehensive.

Chronological overview edit

Spacecraft with electric propulsion
Spacecraft name Launch date End of life Thruster type No. Model Propellant Spacecraft customer Thruster prime Comment
Program 661A Flight A 18 Dec 1962 18 Dec 1962 Ion engine 1 Cesium   USAF   EOS (Electro-Optical Systems, Inc.) Suborbital, no operation of on-board ion engine
Kosmos 21 11 Nov 1963 11 Nov 1963 Pulsed plasma thruster PTFE     Kurchatov Institute/OKB-1 Launch failure
Zond 1 2 Apr 1964 14 May 1964 Pulsed plasma thruster PTFE     Kurchatov Institute/OKB-1 The experimental ion thruster-based attitude control system were tested but found to operate erratically, possibly due to the loss of pressure in the electronics compartment.
SERT 1 20 Jul 1964 20 Jul 1964 Ion engine 1
1		 Mercury
Cesium		   NASA   NASA
Hughes		 Space Electric Rocket Test, suborbital (31 min), the first demonstration of an ion engine in space - only the mercury engine by NASA was operated
Program 661A Flight B 29 Aug 1964 29 Aug 1964 Ion engine 1 Cesium   USAF   EOS Suborbital, experimental test (19 min operation)
Zond 2 30 Nov 1964 14 May 1965 Pulsed plasma thruster PTFE     Kurchatov Institute/OKB-1 Is widely regarded as the first application of electric propulsion systems in space (70 min of PPT operation)
Program 661A Flight C 21 Dec 1964 21 Dec 1964 Ion engine 1 Cesium   USAF   EOS Suborbital, experimental test (4 min operation)
Snapshot 3 Apr 1965 Ion engine 1 Cesium   USAF/Army   EOS Experimental 1 hour operation, SNAP-10A nuclear reactor
Zond 3 18 Jul 1965 Pulsed plasma thruster PTFE     Operation of thruster failed
Yantar-1 13 Oct 1966 13 Oct 1966 Ion engine Argon     Ballistic flight
Yantar-2 1968 1968 Ion engine Nitrogen     Ballistic flight
ATS-4 10 Aug 1968 Ion engine 2 Cesium   USAF/NASA   EOS Experimental 10 hours operation, Satellite Technology Applications
LES-6 26 Sep 1968 Pulsed plasma thruster 4 PTFE   USAF   MIT Lincoln Lab. Lincoln Experimental Satellite
Yantar-3 1969 1969 Ion engine Air     Ballistic flight
ATS-5 12 Aug 1969 Ion engine 2 Cesium   USAF/NASA   EOS Experimental
SERT 2 3 Feb 1970 Ion engine 2 Mercury   NASA   NASA/Westinghouse (Experimental), worked until 1981 (3781 hours)
Yantar-4 1971 1971 Ion engine Air     Ballistic flight
Meteor 1-10 29 Dec 1971 Hall effect thruster 2 SPT-60 Xenon     OKB Fakel Orbit control
L-4SC-3 20 Aug 1974 20 Aug 1974 Pulsed plasma thruster PTFE   ISAS Experimental, ballistic launch. Launch failure.
ATS-6 30 May 1974 Ion engine 2 Cesium   NASA   EOS Experimental 92 hours operation
Meteor-Priroda 1 (Meteor 1-18) 9 Jul 1974 Hall effect thruster 2 SPT-60 Xenon     OKB Fakel Orbit control
Kren-1 (Kosmos-728) 18 Apr 1975 18 Apr 1975 Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Potassium     NIITP Ballistic flight
TIP-2 12 Oct 1975 Pulsed plasma thruster 2 TSPPS PTFE   US Navy   Republic Aviation Transit Improvement Program (Triad / NOVA), Teflon Solid Propellant Propulsion System
Kren-2 (Kosmos-780) 21 Nov 1975 21 Nov 1975 Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Potassium     NIITP Ballistic flight
Meteor-Priroda 2-1 (Meteor 1-25) 15 May 1976 Hall effect thruster 2 SPT-60 Xenon     OKB Fakel Orbit control
TIP-3 1 Sep 1976 Pulsed plasma thruster 2 TSPPS PTFE   US Navy   Republic Aviation Transit Improvement Program (Triad/NOVA), Teflon Solid Propellant Propulsion System
Meteor-Priroda 2-2 (Meteor 1-28) 29 Jun 1977 Hall effect thruster 2 SPT-50 Xenon     OKB Fakel Orbit control
Kust-1 7 Dec 1977 7 Dec 1977 Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Air     Ballistic flight, Russian acronym of Kubarev, thruster, jet
Kust-2 30 Nov 1978 30 Nov 1978 Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Air     Ballistic flight
Astrofizika (Kosmos 1066) 23 Dec 1978 Hall effect thruster 2 SPT-50 Xenon     OKB Fakel Orbit control
Kust-3 21 Jan 1979 21 Jan 1979 Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Air     Ballistic flight
SCATHA (P78-2) 30 Jan 1979 Ion source 1 Xenon   USAF/NASA   Hughes Satellite Positive Ion Beam System (SPIBS), No engine in the strict sense
Intelsat-5 F-2 6 Dec 1980 Resistojet Hydrazine   ITSO/Inmarsat Communications satellite, and 1984, eight satellites
MS-T4 (Tansei 4) 17 Feb 1980 13 May 1983 Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster Ammonia   ISAS Experimental, thruster for spin-up
ETS-4 (Kiku 3) 11 Feb 1981 24 Dec 1984 Pulsed plasma thruster PTFE   NASDA   AIST Engineering Test Satellite (experimental)
Nova-1 14 May 1981 Pulsed plasma thruster TSPPS PTFE   US Navy   Transit Improvement Program (Triad/NOVA), Teflon Solid Propellant Propulsion System
Meteor-Priroda 2-4 (Meteor 1-31) 10 Jul 1981 Hall effect thruster 2 SPT-50 Xenon     OKB Fakel Orbit control
MDT-2A 7 Dec 1981 7 Dec 1981 Pulsed plasma thruster PTFE     SSTC Academia Sinica Ballistic Missile
Potok 1/Geizer 1 (Kosmos 1366) 17 May 1982 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
ETS-3 (Kiku 4) 3 Sep 1982 8 Mar 1985 Ion engine 2 Mercury   NASDA   MELCO Engineering Test Satellite (experimental)
Potok 2/Geizer 2 (Kosmos 1540) 2 Mar 1984 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
Nova-3 12 Oct 1984 Pulsed plasma thruster TSPPS PTFE   US Navy   Transit Improvement Program (Triad/NOVA), Teflon Solid Propellant Propulsion System
Luch #1 (Kosmos 1700) 25 Oct 1985 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
Potok 3/Geizer 3 (Kosmos 1738) 4 Apr 1986 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
Plazma-A #1 (Kosmos 1818) 1 Feb 1987 Hall effect thruster 6 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel Orbit control, Topaz-1 nuclear reactor
Plazma-A #2 (Kosmos 1867) 10 Jul 1987 Hall effect thruster 6 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel Orbit control, Topaz-1 nuclear reactor
Start-1 7 Aug 1987 Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster AMPDT Air     Autonomous MPD Thruster
Start-2 9 Sep 1987 Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster AMPDT Argon     Autonomous MPD Thruster
Potok 4/Geizer 5 (Kosmos 1888) 1 Oct 1987 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
Luch #2 (Kosmos 1897) 26 Nov 1987 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
Nova-2 16 Jun 1988 Pulsed plasma thruster TSPPS PTFE   US Navy   Transit Improvement Program (Triad/NOVA), Teflon Solid Propellant Propulsion System
Potok 5/Geizer 6 (Kosmos 1961) 1 Aug 1988 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
Luch #3 (Kosmos 2054) 27 Dec 1989 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
Potok 6/Geizer 7 (Kosmos 2085) 18 Jul 1990 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
Potok 7/Geizer 8 (Kosmos 2172) 22 Nov 1991 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
EURECA 2 Aug 1992 1 Jul 1993 Ion engine RIT-10 (RITA) Xenon ESA   MBB 240 hours operation
Telstar 401 16 Dec 1993 11 Jan 1997 Arcjet MR-508 Hydrazine   AT&T   Rocket Research Co. Communication satellite (Lockheed Martin AS-7000)
Gals-1 20 Jan 1994 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-100 Xenon     OKB Fakel Communication Satellite
ETS-6 (Kiku 6) 28 Aug 1994 9 Jul 1996 Ion engine XIES Xenon   NASDA   Mitsubishi Electric Experimental, Xenon Ion Engine System
Telstar 402 9 Sep 1994 9 Sep 1994 Arcjet MR-508 Hydrazine   AT&T   Rocket Research Co. Communication satellite (Lockheed Martin AS-7000), exploded shortly after launch
Potok 8/Geizer 9 (Kosmos 2291) 21 Sep 1994 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
Ekspress 1 13 Oct 1994 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-100 Xenon     OKB Fakel
Luch 4 16 Dec 1994 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
Space Flyer Unit (SFU) 18 Mar 1995 13 Jan 1996 Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster 1 EPEX Hydrazine   ISAS/NASDA   ISAS Electric Propulsion Experiment, 43395 pulses of operation
Potok 9/Geizer 10 (Kosmos 2319) 30 Aug 1995 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
Telstar 402R (Telstar 4) 24 Sep 1995 Sep 2003 Arcjet MR-508 Hydrazine   AT&T   Rocket Research Co. Communication satellite (Lockheed Martin AS-7000)
Luch2-1 11 Oct 1995 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
Gals-2 17 Nov 1995 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-100 Xenon     OKB Fakel Communication Satellite
Ekspress 2 26 Sep 1996 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-100 Xenon     OKB Fakel
A2100 1997 Arcjet MR-510   Lockheed/Aerojet Communication Satellite
PAS 5 (now: Intelsat 5) 28 Aug 1997 Ion engine XIPS Xenon   PanAmSat   Hughes-EDD Satellite bus based on HS-601HP (first commercial satellite with XIPS)
Kupon-1 12 Nov 1997 Mar 1998 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon   Bank of Russia   OKB Fakel Communication Satellite
Galaxy 8i 8 Dec 1997 2004 Ion engine XIPS Xenon   PanAmSat   Hughes-EDD Satellite bus based on Hughes HS-601HP
Astra 2A 30 Aug 1998 Ion engine XIPS Xenon   SES   Hughes-EDD Satellite bus based on Hughes HS-601HP
STEX (NROL-8) 3 Oct 1998 Hall effect thruster TAL-D55 Xenon   NRO   TsNIIMash EPDM (Electric Propulsion Demonstration Module)
Deep Space 1 24 Oct 1998 2001 Ion engine 1 NSTAR Xenon   NASA   NASA
Satmex 5 (now: Eutelsat 115 West A) 5 Dec 1998 Ion engine XIPS Xenon   Satmex   Hughes-EDD Satellite bus based on Hughes HS-601HP; propulsion failed on 27 Jan 2010
PAS 6B (now: Intelsat 6B) 21 Dec 1998 Ion engine XIPS Xenon   PanAmSat   Hughes-EDD Satellite bus based on Hughes HS-601HP
ARGOS (P91-1) 23 Feb 1999 31 Jul 2003 Arcjet ESEX Ammonia   USAF   Rocket Research Co. Experimental military satellite, Electric Propulsion Space Experiment
Orion 3 5 May 1999 Ion engine XIPS Xenon   Orion Network Systems   Hughes-EDD Satellite bus based on Hughes HS-601HP; injected into wrong orbit
Astra 1H 18 Jun 1999 Ion engine XIPS Xenon   SES   Hughes-EDD Satellite bus based on Hughes HS-601HP
Yamal 101 6 Sep 1999 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-70 Xenon   Gazcom   OKB Fakel Communications satellite
Yamal 102 6 Sep 1999 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-70 Xenon   Gazcom   OKB Fakel Communications satellite
DirecTV 1R 10 Oct 1999 Ion engine 4 XIPS Xenon   DirecTV   Hughes-EDD Communications satellite bus based on Hughes HS-601HP
Ekspress-A 1 27 Oct 1999 27 Oct 1999 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-100 Xenon   RSCC   OKB Fakel Communication satellite, satellite lost during launch
Galaxy 10R 25 Jan 2000 2009 Ion engine XIPS Xenon   PanAmSat   Hughes-EDD Satellite bus based on Hughes HS-601HP; reduced mission time due to malfunction in XIPS
Ekspress-A 2 12 Mar 2000 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-100 Xenon   RSCC   OKB Fakel Communication satellite
SESAT 1 (now: Eutelsat 16C) 17 Apr 2000 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-100 Xenon   Eutelsat   OKB Fakel Communications satellite, Ekspress satellite bus by NPO PM
Galaxy 4R 19 Apr 2000 2006 Ion engine XIPS Xenon   PanAmSat   Hughes-EDD Satellite bus based on Hughes HS-601HP; XIPS failed by 2003
Ekspress-A 3 24 Jun 2000 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-100 Xenon   RSCC   OKB Fakel Communication satellite
Potok 10/Geizer 12 (Kosmos 2371) 4 Jul 2000 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-70 Xenon     OKB Fakel
MightySat II.1 19 Jul 2000 12 Nov 2002 Pulsed plasma thruster PTFE   AFRL   USAF/NASA/Olin Aerospace Co. Experimental satellite
PAS 9 (now: Intelsat 9) 28 Jul 2000 Ion engine XIPS Xenon   PanAmSat   Hughes-EDD Satellite bus based on Hughes HS-601HP
AMSAT-Phase 3-D (OSCAR-40) 16 Nov 2000 2004 Arcjet ATOS Ammonia   AMSAT   University of Stuttgart, IRS Arcjet Thruster on OSCAR Satellite, operated in cold gas mode
EO-1 21 Nov 2000 30 Mar 2017 Pulsed plasma thruster PTFE   NASA   Primex Aerospace Earth Observing-1, technology demonstrator
PAS 10 (now: Intelsat 10) 15 May 2001 Ion engine XIPS Xenon   PanAmSat   Boeing-EDD Satellite bus based on Hughes HS-601HP
Astra 2C 16 Jun 2001 Ion engine XIPS Xenon   SES   Boeing-EDD Satellite bus based on Hughes 601HP
Artemis 12 Jul 2001 Nov 2017 Ion engine 4 RIT-10 (RITA) and UK-10(T5) Xenon ESA   Astrium Advanced Relay Technology Mission ESA Artemis satellite using 4 ion engines (2 RIT and 2 UK-10) has paved the way for the use of electric propulsion in telecommunication spacecraft.[1]
DirecTV 4S 27 Nov 2001 Ion engine 4 XIPS Xenon   DirecTV   Boeing-EDD Satellite bus based on Boeing BSS-601HP
Ekspress-A 1R (Ekspress-A 4) 10 Jun 2002 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-100(?), KM-5[2] Xenon   RSCC   OKB Fakel(?), Keldysh Communication satellite
AsiaSat 4 11 Apr 2003 Ion engine 4 XIPS Xenon   AsiaSat   Boeing-EDD Satellite bus based on Boeing BSS-601HP
Hayabusa 9 May 2003 13 Jun 2010 Ion engine 4 μ10 Xenon   JAXA   JAXA/ISAS
SMART-1 28 Sep 2003 3 Sep 2006 Hall effect thruster 1 PPS-1350 Xenon ESA   Snecma Small Missions for Advanced Research in Technology
Galaxy 13 / Horizons 1 1 Oct 2003 Ion engine XIPS Xenon    PanAmSat/JSAT   Boeing-EDD Satellite bus based on Boeing BSS-601HP
Yamal 201 24 Nov 2003 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-70 Xenon   Gazcom   OKB Fakel
Yamal 202 24 Nov 2003 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-70 Xenon   Gazcom   OKB Fakel
Ekspress-AM 1 29 Oct 2004 10 Aug 2013 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-100 Xenon   RSCC   OKB Fakel
AMC 12 (Astra 4A / Star One C12 / now: NSS 10) 3 Feb 2005 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-100 Xenon   SES Americom   OKB Fakel Communications satellite based on Alcatel Alenia Spacebus-4000C3
Ekspress-AM 2 29 Mar 2005 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-100 Xenon   RSCC   OKB Fakel
Monitor-E 26 Aug 2005 Hall effect thruster SPT-100 Xenon   Roskosmos   OKB Fakel Earth observation satellite based on Khrunichev Yachta bus
MBSat 1 (ABS 2i / now: ABS 4 (Mobisat)) 13 Mar 2004 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-100 Xenon  
 		 MBCO
Sold to: ABS		   OKB Fakel Satellite based on Space Systems/Loral SSL-1300
Ekspress-AM 3 29 Oct 2004 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-100 Xenon   RSCC   OKB Fakel
AMC 23 29 Dec 2005 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-100 Xenon   SES Americom   OKB Fakel Communications satellite based on Alcatel Alenia Spacebus-4000C3
KazSat-1 18 Jun 2005 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-70 Xenon   JSC KazSat   OKB Fakel Communications satellite based on Khrunichev Yachta bus
ION 26 Jul 2006 26 Jul 2006 Vacuum arc thruster 4 μVAT Tungsten   UIUC   UIUC Satellite lost during injection phase
MEASAT-3 11 Dec 2006 Ion engine 4 XIPS Xenon   MEASAT   L-3 ETI Satellite bus based on Boeing BSS-601HP
TacSat-2 16 Dec 2006 5 Feb 2011 Hall effect thruster 1 BHT-200 Xenon   USAF   Busek Microsatellite Propulsion Integration (MPI) Experiment, military applications
ETS-8 (Kiku 8) 18 Dec 2006 Ion engine 4 XIES Xenon   JAXA   Mitsubishi Electric
FalconSat-3 9 Mar 2007 Pulsed plasma thruster 4 MPACS PTFE   USAFA   Busek Experimental Satellite, Micro-Propulsion Attitude Control System
Dawn 27 Sep 2007 Ion engine 3 NSTAR Xenon   NASA   NASA
Telstar 11N 26 Feb 2009 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-100 Xenon   Loral Skynet   OKB Fakel Satellite based on Space Systems/Loral SSL-1300
GOCE 17 Mar 2009 11 Nov 2013 Ion engine 2 T5 Xenon ESA   QinetiQ
Sirius FM5 (Radiosat 5) 30 Jun 2009 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-100 Xenon   Sirius Satellite Radio   OKB Fakel Satellite based on Space Systems/Loral SSL-1300
STSAT-2A 25 Aug 2009 25 Aug 2009 Pulsed plasma thruster   KARI   KAIST/SaTReC Satellite lost during injection phase
NSS-12 29 Oct 2009 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-100 Xenon   SES New Skies   OKB Fakel Satellite based on Space Systems/Loral SSL-1300
GSAT-4 (Healthsat) 15 Apr 2010 15 Apr 2010 Hall effect thruster 2
2		 KM-45
(Unnamed)		 Xenon   ISRO    Keldysh
ISRO		 Launcher failed to reach orbit[3][4][5]
STSAT-2B 10 Jun 2010 10 Jun 2010 Pulsed plasma thruster   KARI   KAIST/SaTReC Satellite lost during injection phase
AEHF-SV-1 (USA-214) 14 Aug 2010 Hall effect thruster 4 BPT-4000 (XR-5) Xenon   USAF   Aerojet Satellite based on Lockheed Martin A2100; mission saved by Hall thruster
FalconSat-5 (USA-221) 20 Nov 2010 Hall effect thruster BHT-200 Xenon   USAF   Busek Experimental Satellite
KazSat-2 16 Jul 2011 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-70 Xenon   JSC KazSat   OKB Fakel Communications satellite based on Khrunichev Yachta bus
Fobos-Grunt 9 Nov 2011 15 Jan 2012 Hall effect thruster 3 SPT-140 Xenon   Roskosmos   OKB Fakel Failed to reach intended trajectory
SES-4 14 Feb 2012 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-100 Xenon   SES World Skies   OKB Fakel
AEHF-SV-2 (USA-235) 4 May 2012 Hall effect thruster BPT-4000 (XR-5) Xenon   USAF   Aerojet Satellite based on Lockheed Martin A2100
SES-5 9 Jul 2012 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-100 Xenon   SES World Skies   OKB Fakel
Kanopus-V 22 Jul 2012 Hall effect thruster 2 SPT-50 Xenon   Roskosmos   OKB Fakel Earth observation satellite
TET-1 22 Jul 2012 Resistojet 1 Aquajet Water   DLR   Aerospace Innovation Experimental
PROITERES 9 Sep 2012 Pulsed plasma thruster 4 PTFE   OIT   OIT Academic satellite, communication loss before propulsion test
Shijian-9A (SJ-9A) 14 Oct 2012 Hall effect thruster
Ion engine		 HET-40
LIPS-200		 Xenon   COSTIND   SISP
LIP		 Experimental satellite based on CAST-2000
Yamal 402 8 Dec 2012 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-100 Xenon   Gazcom   OKB Fakel Satellite based on Spacebus-4000C3, satellite failed to reach intended orbit
STRaND-1 25 Feb 2013 Pulsed plasma thruster   SSTL   SSTL 3U Cubesat propulsion demonstration
Alphasat (Inmarsat-4A F4) 25 Jul 2013 Hall effect thruster 4 PPS-1350 Xenon   Inmarsat/ESA   Snecma Operational
AEHF-SV-3 (USA-246) 18 Sep 2013 Hall effect thruster BPT-4000 (XR-5) Xenon   USAF   Aerojet Satellite based on Lockheed Martin A2100
CUSat 29 Sep 2013 16 Oct 2013 Pulsed plasma thruster PTFE   Cornell University   Cornell University
University of Washington		 Technology demonstration
STSAT-3 21 Nov 2013 Dec 2015 Hall effect thruster 1 Xenon   KARI   KAIST/SaTReC
DubaiSat-2 21 Nov 2013 Hall effect thruster 1 Xenon   MBRSC     Satrec Initiative
JAXA (Neutralizer)		 Satellite bus based on Satrec Initiative SI-300
Wren 21 Nov 2013 Pulsed plasma thruster 4   StaDoKo   StaDoKo 1U PocketQub propulsion
Ekspress-AM5 26 Dec 2013 Hall effect thruster SPT-100 Xenon   RSCC   OKB Fakel EP system used to insert the satellite into GEO. Unclear if EP is also used for station keeping.
KazSat-3 28 Apr 2014 Hall effect thruster SPT-100 Xenon   JSC KazSat   OKB Fakel Communications satellite based on Ekspress 1000 NTA bus
Deimos-2 19 Jun 2014 Hall effect thruster HEPS Xenon   Deimos Imaging   Satrec Initiative Satellite bus based on Satrec Initiative SI-300
Hodoyoshi 4 19 Jun 2014 Ion engine 1 MIPS Xenon   University of Tokyo/NESTRA   University of Tokyo
MKA-FKI PN2 (Vernov) 8 Jul 2014 Dec 2014 Pulsed plasma thruster APPT-45-2 PTFE   Russian Academy of Sciences   RIAME Satellite based on bus Karat; communication loss before thruster operation
Ekspress-AM6 (Eutelsat 53A) 21 Oct 2014 Hall effect thruster SPT-100 Xenon   RSCC   OKB Fakel EP system used to insert the satellite into GEO. Unclear if EP is also used for station keeping.
Hayabusa2 3 Dec 2014 Ion engine 4 Xenon   JAXA   JAXA/ISAS
PROCYON 3 Dec 2014 Ion engine 1 I-COUPS Xenon   JAXA/University of Tokyo   University of Tokyo PRoximate Object Close flYby with Optical Navigation, experimental >200 h operation
Yamal 401 15 Dec 2014 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-100 Xenon   Gazcom   OKB Fakel Satellite based on bus Ekspress-2000A
ABS-3A 2 Mar 2015 Ion engine 4 XIPS-25 Xenon   ABS   L-3 ETI First Boeing 702SP all-electric satellites
Satmex 7 (now: Eutelsat 115 West B) 2 Mar 2015 Ion engine 4 XIPS-25 Xenon   Satmex   L-3 ETI First Boeing 702SP all-electric satellites
BRICsat-P 20 May 2015 Vacuum arc thruster 4 μCAT   USNA   GW University Detumbling, spin and a delta-V for a 1.5U cubesat in 500km orbit
AeroCube 8A 20 May 2015 Electrospray Thruster 1 SiEPro Ionic liquid   The Aerospace Corporation   MIT 1.5 U cubesat
AeroCube 8B 20 May 2015 Electrospray Thruster 1 SiEPro Ionic liquid   The Aerospace Corporation   MIT 1.5 U cubesat
KaiTuo-1A (XinJiShu YanZheng-2) 19 Sep 2015 Hall effect thruster 1
1		 LHT-100
(Unnamed)		 Xenon     LIP
BICE		 Experimental Satellite
Lisa Pathfinder 3 Dec 2015 Electrospray Thruster 8 CMNT Ionic Liquid Propellant ESA   Busek Very precise attitude control
Horyu-4 (AEGIS) 18 Feb 2016 Vacuum arc thruster   KIT   KIT
SES-9 4 Mar 2016 Ion engine 4 XIPS-25 Xenon   SES   L-3 ETI
ABS-2A 15 Jun 2016 Ion engine 4 XIPS-25 Xenon   ABS   L-3 ETI Satellite based on all-electric bus Boeing 702SP
Satmex 9 (now: Eutelsat 117 West B) 15 Jun 2016 Ion engine 4 XIPS-25 Xenon   Satmex   L-3 ETI Satellite based on all-electric bus Boeing 702SP
Shijian-17 (SJ-17) 3 Nov 2016 Hall effect thruster LHT-100 Xenon   CAST   LIP
AeroCube 8C 11 Nov 2016 Electrospray Thruster 1 SiEPro Ionic liquid   The Aerospace Corporation   MIT 1.5 U cubesat
AeroCube 8D 11 Nov 2016 Electrospray Thruster 1 SiEPro Ionic liquid   The Aerospace Corporation   MIT 1.5 U cubesat
AOBA-VELOX III 9 Dec 2016 Pulsed plasma thruster 1 PTFE  
 		 NTU
KIT		   NTU 2U-Cubesat propulsion, satellite piggyback on HTV-6, deployed from ISS on 16 Jan 2017
Hispasat 36W-1 (SmallGEO) 27 Jan 2017 Hall effect thruster 8 SPT-100 Xenon   Hispasat   OKB Fakel Satellite based on OHB Luxor bus
SES-10 30 Mar 2017 Hall effect thruster SPT-100 Xenon   SES   OKB Fakel
Shijian-13 (SJ-13) 12 Apr 2017 Ion engine 4 LIPS-200 Xenon   CAST & ChinaSatcom   LIP Satellite based on DongFangHong-3B satellite bus
GSAT-9 (South Asian Satellite) 5 May 2017 Hall effect thruster 4 KM-45 Xenon   ISRO   Keldysh Station-keeping of satellite, including orbit changes [6][7][8][9]
SES-15 18 May 2017 Ion engine 4 XIPS-25 Xenon   SES World Skies   L-3 ETI Satellite based on all-electric bus Boeing 702SP
Eutelsat 172B 1 Jun 2017 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-140 Xenon   Eutelsat   OKB Fakel Satellite based on all-electric bus Eurostar-3000EOR
PEGASUS 23 Jun 2017 Pulsed plasma thruster 4 PTFE   FH Wiener Neustadt   FH Wiener Neustadt Cubesat propulsion; part of QB50
Shijian-18 2 Jul 2017 2 Jul 2017 Ion engine LIPS-300 Xenon     LIP Launcher failed to reach orbit
VENµS 2 Aug 2017 Hall effect thruster 2 IHET-300 Xenon  
 		 ISA
CNES		   Rafael Station-keeping, fine attitude control and orbit change
AsiaSat-9 28 Sep 2017 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-100 Xenon   AsiaSat   OKB Fakel Satellite based on Space Systems Loral SSL-1300 bus
SLATS (Tsubame) 23 Dec 2017 2 Oct 2019 Ion engine 1 XIES Xenon    
Flock-3p' 12 Jan 2018 FEEP 1 IFM Nano Indium   Planet Labs   Enpulsion First successful IOD of a FEEP thruster on a 3U Cubesat
SES-14 25 Jan 2018 Hall effect thruster SPT-140 Xenon   SES   OKB Fakel Satellite based on all-electric bus Eurostar Neo
SES-12 4 Jun 2018 Hall effect thruster SPT-140 Xenon   SES   OKB Fakel Satellite based on all-electric bus Eurostar Neo
NovaSAR 16 Sep 2018 Resistojet
Quad confinement thruster		 1
1
QCT-200		 Xenon   SSTL/ADS UK   SSTL
SSC/SSTL		 Satellite based on SSTL-300 bus
BepiColombo 20 Oct 2018 Ion engine 4 T6 Xenon
 		 ESA & JAXA   QinetiQ Solar Electric Propulsion System (SEPS)
(undisclosed) 2018 FEEP 4 IFM Nano Indium   Enpulsion
(undisclosed) 2018 FEEP 1 IFM Nano Indium   Enpulsion
FalconSat-6 3 Dec 2018 Hall effect thruster BHT-200 Xenon   USAF   Busek Experimental Satellite
UWE-4 27 Dec 2018 FEEP 4 NanoFEEP Gallium   Universität Würzburg   Morpheus Space First IOD of orbit control on a picosatellite using electric propulsion
AOBA-VELOX-IV 18 Jan 2019 Pulsed plasma thruster 4 PTFE  
 		 NTU
KIT		   NTU
Xiaoxiang-1 03 21 Jan 2019 Electrospray thruster   Spacety Aerospace Corp.   206th Institute
(undisclosed) 2019 FEEP 4 IFM Nano Indium   Enpulsion
PSN-6 (Nusantara Satu) 22 Feb 2019 Xenon   PT Pasifik Satelit Nusantara   SSL
(undisclosed) 2019 FEEP 7 IFM Nano Indium   Enpulsion
Starlink L0 23 May 2019 Hall effect thruster 60x? Krypton   SpaceX   SpaceX First operational Starlink satellite design
Yamal 601 30 May 2019 Hall effect thruster 4 SPT-100 Xenon   Gazprom   OKB Fakel Satellite based on bus Ekspress-2000A
(undisclosed) 2019 FEEP 4 IFM Nano Indium   Enpulsion
(undisclosed) 2019 FEEP 4 IFM Nano Indium   Enpulsion
JCSAT-18/Kacific-1[10][11] 17 Dec 2019 Ion engine 4 XIPS Xenon SKY Perfect JSAT / Kacific   Boeing-EDD Boeing 702
Shijian-20(SJ-20) 27 Dec 2019 Ion engine LIPS-300 Xenon   CAST   LIP Back-up of Shijian-18 based on DFH-5 Bus
Eutelsat KONNECT 17 Jan 2020 Spacebus Neo Xenon Propulsion System (XPS) Xenon
Double Asteroid Redirection Test 24 Nov 2021 26 Sep 2022 Next-C Ion Engine Xenon   NASA   Aerojet Rocketdyne
MicroHETSat 1 Dec 2023 Hall Effect Thruster Sitael HT100 Xenon   ESA   Sitael IOD for HT100

Planned missions edit

Planned missions
Spacecraft name Launch date Thruster type Model Propellant Spacecraft customer Thruster prime Comment
Starlink 1-1 to 1-60 2019 Hall effect thruster Krypton   SpaceX   SpaceX
Starlink 2-1 to 2-60 2019 Hall effect thruster Krypton   SpaceX   SpaceX
Starlink 3-1 to 3-60 2019 Hall effect thruster Krypton   SpaceX   SpaceX
APStar 6D 2019 Ion engine LIPS-300 Xenon     LIP DFH-5 bus
GSAT-20 2024 Hall effect thruster Xenon   ISRO   ISRO
SES-17 2021 Hall effect thruster Xenon   SES   Snecma (TBC) all-electric Spacebus Neo
Hotbird 13F 2021 Hall effect thruster PPS5000 (TBC) Xenon   Eutelsat   Snecma (TBC) all-electric bus Eurostar Neo
Hotbird 13G 2021 Hall effect thruster PPS5000 (TBC) Xenon   Eutelsat   Snecma (TBC) all-electric bus Eurostar Neo
ASTER 2021 Hall effect thruster PMHT Xenon   AEB   UnB MetNet bus
ETS-9 2021+ Hall effect thruster Xenon   JAXA   IHI Aerospace
Ionozond (Ionosfere 1 & 2) 2023+ Pulsed plasma thruster APPT-95 PTFE   Roskosmos   RIAME AOCS
NASA Gateway 2025 Hall effect thruster Xenon   NASA   L3-Aerojet Rocketdyne/Busek
AQUIS 2025 Vacuum Arc Jet Tungsten   Space Team Aachen   Space Team Aachen FEEP in development as upgrade
Soyuz-Sat-O ? Pulsed plasma thruster APPT-155 PTFE  
 		   RIAME

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Present and Future of Space Electric Propulsion in Europe" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-10-09.
  2. ^ "paper From RNII to Keldysh Research Center on page 56 of the magazine Земля и Вселенная #5 2013" (PDF). Retrieved 2020-05-06.
  3. ^ "IAC Archive — IAC-07/C4/4/1". iafastro.directory. Retrieved 2019-07-23.
  4. ^ "Review of works on Electric propulsion at Keldysh Research Center" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2019. Retrieved 23 July 2019.
  5. ^ "GSLV D3/GSAT-4 Brochure" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 December 2017. Retrieved 23 July 2019.
  6. ^ "ISRO to Test Electric Propulsion on Satellites". Archived from the original on December 2, 2015.
  7. ^ Murthy, P. V. N.; Raghavaiah, Vaddi; Sowjanya, P.; Renuka, R.; Kumar, Shiv S.; Hariharan, V. K.; Rao, M. Nageswara (Dec 2016). "Study on EMI/ESD effects of Electric Propulsion System on spacecraft systems and mitigation techniques". 2016 International Conference on ElectroMagnetic Interference & Compatibility (INCEMIC). IEEE. pp. 1–4. doi:10.1109/incemic.2016.7921463. ISBN 9781509058402. S2CID 44506648.
  8. ^ "Центр Келдыша разработал новый электроракетный двигатель". ТАСС. Retrieved 2019-07-23.
  9. ^ HUANG, WENSHENG (Dec 2017). "Electric rockets power bigger share".
  10. ^ "MediaRoom - News Releases/Statements". MediaRoom. Retrieved 2019-12-17.
  11. ^ "Kacific1 Milestones: Bus and Payload Integration Complete – Kacific". Retrieved 2019-12-17.
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