The United Nations Commission on Human Rights was a functional commission within the overall framework of the United Nations from 1946 until it was replaced by the UN Human Rights Council in 2006. It was a subsidiary body of the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), which elected members through the mechanism of the United Nations Regional Groups.
Membership by regional group (UNCHR) until 2005
editAfrican Group
edit
Asian Group
edit| 2005 |  Bhutan |
 People's Republic of China |
 India |
 Indonesia |
 Japan |
 Malaysia |
 Nepal |
 Pakistan |
 Qatar |
 South Korea |
 Saudi Arabia |
 Sri Lanka |
 Bangladesh
|
Eastern European Group
edit| 2005 |  Armenia |
 Hungary |
 Romania |
 Russian Federation |
 Ukraine
|
Latin American and Caribbean Group
edit| 2005 |  Argentina |
 Brazil |
 Costa Rica |
 Cuba |
 Dominican Republic |
 Ecuador |
 Guatemala |
 Honduras |
 Mexico |
 Paraguay |
 Peru
|
Western European and Others Group
edit| 1990 |  France |
 Italy |
 United States |
 Belgium |
 Canada |
 Sweden |
 Germany |
 Portugal |
 Spain |
 United Kingdom
|
| 1991 | Germany |
Portugal |
 Australia |
 Austria
| ||||||
| 1992 |  Netherlands |
Canada |
United Kingdom
| |||||||
| 1993 | France |
 Finland |
United States
| |||||||
| 1994 | Germany |
Italy |
Australia |
Austria
| ||||||
| 1995 | Netherlands |
Canada |
United Kingdom
| |||||||
| 1996 | France |
 Denmark |
United States
| |||||||
| 1997 | Germany |
Italy |
 Ireland |
Austria
| ||||||
| 1998 |  Luxembourg |
Canada |
United Kingdom
| |||||||
| 1999 | France |
 Norway |
United States
| |||||||
| 2000 | Germany |
Italy |
Portugal |
Spain
| ||||||
| 2001 | Belgium |
Canada |
United Kingdom
| |||||||
| 2002 | France |
Sweden |
Austria
| |||||||
| 2003 | Germany |
Australia |
Ireland |
United States
| ||||||
| 2004 | Netherlands |
Italy |
United Kingdom
| |||||||
| 2005 | France |
Finland |
Canada
| |||||||
| 2006 | Germany |
Australia |
Austria |
United States
|
Membership by regional group (UNHRC) From 2006
editAfrican Group
edit| 2006 |  Djibouti
|
 Cameroon
|
 Mauritius
|
 Senegal
|
 Nigeria
|
 Gabon
|
 Ghana
|
 Mali
|
 Zambia
|
 Algeria
|
 Morocco
|
 Tunisia
|
 South Africa
|
| 2007 | |||||||||||||
| 2008 |  Egypt
|
 Angola
|
 Madagascar
| ||||||||||
| 2009 |  Burkina Faso
| ||||||||||||
| 2010 | |||||||||||||
| 2011 |  Libya
|
 Mauritania
|
 Uganda
| ||||||||||
| 2012 |  Benin
|
 Botswana
|
 Congo
| ||||||||||
| 2013 |  Ethiopia
|
 Côte d'Ivoire
|
Gabon
|
 Sierra Leone
|
 Kenya
| ||||||||
| 2014 | Morocco
|
Algeria
|
 Namibia
|
South Africa
| |||||||||
| 2015 | Nigeria
|
Ghana
| |||||||||||
| 2016 |  Togo
|
 Burundi
| |||||||||||
| 2017 |  Rwanda
|
Egypt
|
Tunisia
| ||||||||||
| 2018 | Senegal
|
Angola
| |||||||||||
| 2019 |  Eritrea
|
Cameroon
|
Burkina Faso
|
 Somalia
| |||||||||
| 2020 | Libya
|
Mauritania
|
 Sudan
|
Namibia
| |||||||||
| 2021 | Côte d'Ivoire
|
 Malawi
|
Gabon
| ||||||||||
| 2022 | Benin
|
Eritrea
|
 Gambia
| ||||||||||
| 2023 | Algeria
|
Morocco
|
South Africa
| ||||||||||
| 2024 | Burundi
|
Ghana
|
Asia-Pacific Group
edit| 2006 |  Jordan
|
China
|
Malaysia
|
Saudi Arabia
|
Bangladesh
|
Pakistan
|
Japan
|
South Korea
|
Sri Lanka
|
India
|
Indonesia
|
 Bahrain
|
 Philippines
|
| 2007 | |||||||||||||
| 2008 | Qatar
| ||||||||||||
| 2009 | Bahrain
| ||||||||||||
| 2010 |  Kyrgyzstan
| ||||||||||||
| 2011 |  Thailand
|
Malaysia
|
 Maldives
| ||||||||||
| 2012 | India
|
 Kuwait
|
Philippines
|
Indonesia
| |||||||||
| 2013 | South Korea
|
 Kazakhstan
|
Pakistan
|
 United Arab Emirates
|
Japan
| ||||||||
| 2014 | China
|
Saudi Arabia
|
 Vietnam
| ||||||||||
| 2015 | Bangladesh
|
Qatar
| |||||||||||
| 2016 |  Mongolia
|
Philippines
|
Kyrgyzstan
| ||||||||||
| 2017 | Japan
|
 Iraq
| |||||||||||
| 2018 | Nepal
|
 Afghanistan
|
Pakistan
| ||||||||||
| 2019 | India
|
Bangladesh
|
 Fiji
|
Bahrain
| |||||||||
| 2020 | Indonesia
|
 Marshall Islands
|
South Korea
| ||||||||||
| 2021 | China
|
 Uzbekistan
| |||||||||||
| 2022 | Kazakhstan
|
Malaysia
|
Qatar
|
United Arab Emirates
| |||||||||
| 2023 | Bangladesh
|
Kyrgyzstan
|
Maldives
|
Vietnam
| |||||||||
| 2024 | Indonesia
|
Japan
|
Kuwait
|
Eastern European Group
edit| 2006 |  Azerbaijan
|
Russia
|
Romania
|
Ukraine
|
 Poland
|
 Czech Republic
| |
| 2007 | |||||||
| 2008 |  Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
 Slovenia
| |||||
| 2009 |  Slovakia
| ||||||
| 2010 | Hungary
| ||||||
| 2011 |  Moldova
|
Poland
| |||||
| 2012 | Romania
|
Czech Republic
| |||||
| 2013 |  Montenegro
|
 Estonia
| |||||
| 2014 | Russia
|
 North Macedonia
| |||||
| 2015 |  Albania
|
 Latvia
| |||||
| 2016 | Slovenia
|
 Georgia
| |||||
| 2017 |  Croatia
|
Hungary
| |||||
| 2018 | Slovakia
|
Ukraine
| |||||
| 2019 | Czech Republic
|
 Bulgaria
| |||||
| 2020 | Armenia
|
Poland
| |||||
| 2021 | | ||||||
| 2022 |  Lithuania
|
Montenegro
|
|
Czech Republic
| |||
| 2023 | Czech Republic
|
Georgia
|
Romania
| ||||
| 2024 | Albania
|
Bulgaria
| |||||
Latin American and Caribbean Group
edit| 2006 | Mexico
|
 Uruguay
|
Cuba
|
Brazil
|
Guatemala
|
Peru
|
Argentina
|
Ecuador
|
| 2007 | ||||||||
| 2008 |  Bolivia
|
 Nicaragua
| ||||||
| 2009 | Argentina
|
 Chile
| ||||||
| 2010 | ||||||||
| 2011 | Ecuador
|
Guatemala
| ||||||
| 2012 | Peru
|
Costa Rica
| ||||||
| 2013 | Argentina
|
Brazil
|
 Venezuela
| |||||
| 2014 | Cuba
|
Mexico
| ||||||
| 2015 | Paraguay
|
 El Salvador
|
Bolivia
| |||||
| 2016 | Ecuador
|
 Panama
| ||||||
| 2017 | Brazil
| |||||||
| 2018 | Peru
|
Chile
|
Mexico
| |||||
| 2019 | Argentina
|
 Bahamas
|
Uruguay
| |||||
| 2020 | Venezuela
| |||||||
| 2021 | Bolivia
|
Cuba
| ||||||
| 2022 | Honduras
|
Paraguay
| ||||||
| 2023 | Chile
|
Costa Rica
| ||||||
| 2024 | Brazil
|
Dominican Republic
|
Western European and Others Group
edit| 2006 | Germany
|
Canada
|
 Switzerland
|
France
|
United Kingdom
|
Finland
|
Netherlands
| |
| 2007 | ||||||||
| 2008 | Italy
| |||||||
| 2009 | ||||||||
| 2010 | Belgium
|
Norway
|
United States
| |||||
| 2011 | Spain
|
Switzerland
| ||||||
| 2012 | Italy
|
Austria
| ||||||
| 2013 | Germany
|
Ireland
| ||||||
| 2014 | United Kingdom
| |||||||
| 2015 | Netherlands
|
Portugal
| ||||||
| 2016 | Belgium
|
Switzerland
| ||||||
| 2017 | United States
| |||||||
| 2018 | Australia
|
Spain
|
United States
|
 Iceland
| ||||
| Iceland[b]
| ||||||||
| 2019 | Denmark
|
Austria
|
Italy
| |||||
| 2020 | Germany
|
Netherlands
| ||||||
| 2021 | France
|
United Kingdom
| ||||||
| 2022 | Finland
|
Luxembourg
|
United States
| |||||
| 2023 | Belgium
| |||||||
| 2024 | Netherlands
| |||||||
- ^ Membership suspended from the Council by UN General Assembly Resolution ES-11/3 following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
- ^ The United States left the council in June 2018. Iceland finished the USA's term.[2]
Non-members
editThe list is a summary of all countries that have never been a member of United Nations Human Rights Council.[3]
| UN Member state | Regional Group |
|---|---|
 Andorra |
WEOG |
 Antigua and Barbuda |
GRULAC |
 Barbados |
GRULAC |
 Belarus |
E. European |
 Belize |
GRULAC |
| Bhutan |
Asia-Pacific |
 Brunei |
Asia-Pacific |
 Cambodia |
Asia-Pacific |
 Cabo Verde |
African |
 Central African Republic |
African |
 Chad |
African |
 Colombia |
GRULAC |
 Comoros |
African |
 Cyprus |
Asia-Pacific |
 Dominica |
GRULAC |
 Equatorial Guinea |
African |
 Eswatini |
African |
 Greece |
WEOG |
 Grenada |
GRULAC |
 Guinea |
African |
 Guinea-Bissau |
African |
 Guyana |
GRULAC |
 Haiti |
GRULAC |
 Iran |
Asia-Pacific |
 Israel |
WEOG |
 Jamaica |
GRULAC |
 Kiribati |
None[a] |
 Laos |
Asia-Pacific |
 Lebanon |
Asia-Pacific |
 Lesotho |
African |
 Liberia |
African |
 Liechtenstein |
WEOG |
 Malta |
WEOG |
 Micronesia |
Asia-Pacific |
 Monaco |
WEOG |
 Mozambique |
African |
 Myanmar |
Asia-Pacific |
 Nauru |
Asia-Pacific |
 New Zealand |
WEOG |
 Niger |
African |
 North Korea |
Asia-Pacific |
 Oman |
Asia-Pacific |
 Palau |
Asia-Pacific |
 Papua New Guinea |
Asia-Pacific |
 Saint Kitts and Nevis |
GRULAC |
 Saint Lucia |
GRULAC |
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |
GRULAC |
 Samoa |
Asia-Pacific |
 San Marino |
WEOG |
 São Tomé and Príncipe |
African |
 Serbia |
E. European |
 Seychelles |
African |
 Singapore |
Asia-Pacific |
 Solomon Islands |
Asia-Pacific |
 South Sudan |
African |
 Suriname |
GRULAC |
| Sweden |
WEOG |
 Syria |
Asia-Pacific |
 Tanzania |
African |
 Tajikistan |
Asia-Pacific |
 Timor-Leste |
Asia-Pacific |
 Tonga |
Asia-Pacific |
 Trinidad and Tobago |
GRULAC |
 Turkey |
WEOG |
 Turkmenistan |
Asia-Pacific |
 Tuvalu |
Asia-Pacific |
 Vanuatu |
Asia-Pacific |
 Yemen |
Asia-Pacific |
 Zimbabwe |
African |
- ^ As of May 2006, Kiribati is not a member of any regional group.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Scharioth, Nicolas (2010). Western Democracies in the UN, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, ISBN 978-3-8329-5374-4 Statistical Data Appendix
- ^ Dwyer, Colin (19 June 2018). "U.S. Announces Its Withdrawal From U.N. Human Rights Council". NPR. Washington. Retrieved 6 Jan 2022.
- ^ "Human Rights Council Membership". Retrieved 1 January 2024.
External links
edit- Official Document System of the United Nations – source of UN electoral records