The Hmaric languages (Hmar ṭawnghai) or Hmar languages[1] are a subbranch of the Kukish branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family which comprises Hmar proper (Khawsak Țawng/Trawng), Biate/Biete, Hrangkhol/Hrangkhawl, Sakachep/Sakechep, Zote, Darlong/Darlawng, Țhiek/Thriek, Saihriem (Faihriem), Leiri, Dulien/Duhlian(a sub-clan of Faihriem) and others.[2] The Hmar languages are often treated as dialects of a single language, since differences between them are reportedly minor.[3] The speakers of the language are also known as Hmar.
| Hmaric languages | |
|---|---|
| Hmar ṭawnghai | |
| Pronunciation | [m̥áːr] |
| Native to | India |
| Region | Mizoram, Manipur, Assam, Tripura, and Meghalaya |
| Ethnicity | Hmar |
| Latin | |
| Official status | |
Recognised minority language in | Assam, Manipur and Mizoram |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
| Glottolog | hmar1240 |
In Manipur, Hmar exhibits partial mutual intelligibility with the other Kukish dialects of the area including Thadou, Paite, Vaiphei, Simte, Kom and Gangte languages.[4]
References edit
- ^ "Glottolog 4.7 - Hmaric". glottolog.org. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
- ^ VanBik, Kenneth. 2009. Proto-Kuki-Chin: A Reconstructed Ancestor of the Kuki-Chin Languages. STEDT Monograph 8, p. 50.
- ^ Baruah, Dutta P.N. & V.L.Y. Bapui. 1996. Hmar Grammar. Mysore: Central Institute of Indian Languages, p. 3: "Different sub-tribes and clans speak different varieties [...] The differences among them, however, are marginal".
- ^ Singh, Chungkham Yashawanta (1995). "The linguistic situation in Manipur" (PDF). Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area. 18 (1): 129–134. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
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