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Cheam

(Redirected from Cheam, Surrey)
This article is about the area of London. For the First Nations band government, see Cheam Indian Band.

Cheam (/ˈtʃiːm/) is a suburb of London, England, 10.9 miles (17.5 km) southwest of Charing Cross. It is divided into North Cheam, Cheam Village and South Cheam. Cheam Village contains the listed buildings Lumley Chapel and the 16th-century Whitehall. It is adjacent to two large parks, Nonsuch Park and Cheam Park. Nonsuch Park contains the listed Nonsuch Mansion. Parts of Cheam Park and Cheam Village are in a conservation area. Cheam is bordered by Worcester Park to the northwest, Morden to the northeast, Sutton to the east, Epsom, Ewell and Stoneleigh to the west and Banstead and Belmont to the south.

Cheam
Top to bottom, left to right: Grade II listed Nonsuch Mansion in Nonsuch Park; The Old Rectory, Cheam; Whitehall during Cheam Charter Fair; Nonsuch Park
Cheam is located in Greater London
Cheam
Cheam
Location within Greater London
Population10,285 (2011 Census. Ward)[1]
OS grid referenceTQ245625
London borough
Ceremonial countyGreater London
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townSUTTON
Postcode districtSM2, SM3
Dialling code020
PoliceMetropolitan
FireLondon
AmbulanceLondon
UK Parliament
London Assembly
List of places
UK
England
London
51°22′N 0°13′W / 51.36°N 0.21°W / 51.36; -0.21

History

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The Roman road of Stane Street forms part of the boundary of Cheam. The modern London Road at North Cheam follows the course of the Roman road through the area. It is designated A24.

The village lay within the Anglo-Saxon administrative division of Wallington hundred.[2] Cheam is mentioned in the Charters of Chertsey Abbey in 727, which mentions Cheam being given to the monastery of Chertsey in 675; the name appears as Cegeham.[2] However, the Charters are of dubious origin and are now regarded as obvious fabrications.[3][2] The name 'Cheam', based on Cegeham, may mean 'village or homestead by the tree-stumps'.[4]

 
Entries for Croydon and Cheam in the 1783 published edition of Domesday Book

Cheam appears in Domesday Book as Ceiham. Held by Archbishop Lanfranc of Canterbury, its Domesday assets were four hides, one church, 17 ploughs, 1 mile (1.6 km) of meadow, and woodland worth 25 hogs. It rendered £14.[5]

In the Middle Ages, Cheam had potteries,[6] and recent excavations have been carried out by archaeologists.[7] In 1259, Henry III of England made Cheam a town by charter.[8] In 1538, part of Cheam was handed over to Henry VIII. The same year, Henry began work on Nonsuch Palace, which he decorated elaborately. This was later sold and demolished.

In 1801, the time of the first census, Cheam had a population of 616 Cheamonians.

Cheam was the original home of Cheam School which was formed in Whitehall in 1645 and later occupied Tabor Court from 1719 until 1934 when the school moved to Berkshire. Prince Philip attended the school in the years immediately preceding its move.[9]

Cheam Charter Fair

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Every year on 15 May the Cheam Charter Fair is held. It is thought to date back to 1259 when Henry III granted Cheam a charter, making it a town. Firm historical records of Cheam Charter Fair date back to the 1800s when a fairground accompanied the market.[10][11][8]

Cheam Village and North Cheam

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Broadway, Cheam
 
Cheam Baptist Church, Cheam Village

Cheam Village is centred on the crossroads between Sutton, North Cheam, South Cheam and Ewell.

It has a conservation area[12] and a number of historic buildings dating back several centuries, including Nonsuch Mansion, the gabled Whitehall and Lumley Chapel, and a Georgian former rectory.[13]

The Cheam Village Conservation Area was designated in 1970 – it covers historic parkland, housing of varying styles and age and a mock Tudor shopping area with timber detailing and leaded-lights.[14] The entrances to Cheam Park and Nonsuch Park with its historic mansion are approximately two hundred yards from the village centre crossroads.

North Cheam is centred 1 mile (1.6 km) north, at the crossroads between Cheam Village and Worcester Park, Epsom and Morden. Victoria Junction is the centre of North Cheam. The area consists of a large Sainsbury's supermarket with adjoining Starbucks, a neighbouring park, a number of independent shops and restaurants, a 24-hour McDonald's drive-thru, a post office and a Costa Coffee. There are plans to redevelop the site of a vacant 1960s building at the North Cheam crossroad and expand commercial and residential buildings. St. Anthony's Hospital is a large private hospital in North Cheam.[citation needed]

Places of note

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Whitehall, Cheam and its projecting upper storey

Whitehall

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Main article: Whitehall, Cheam

Whitehall is a timber framed and weatherboarded house in the centre of Cheam Village. It was originally built in about 1500 as a wattle and daub yeoman farmer's house but has been much extended. The external weatherboard dates from the 18th century. In the garden there is a medieval well which served an earlier building on the site.

Now an historic house museum, the building features a period kitchen, and house details from the Georgian, Victorian and Edwardian eras. The museum temporarily closed in 2016 to allow for a £1.6m refurbishment of the building. It reopened in June 2018 with improved facilities.[15]

Cheam War Memorial

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Cheam War Memorial

Close to Cheam Library and the much-rebuilt Church, the memorial is to the people of Cheam who were killed during World War I, World War II and the Falklands War.

There are a number of inscriptions on the structure, including one at the 12 O'Clock Face which reads:

Our Glorious Dead / Their names shall endure for evermore.[16]

It was designated a Grade II listed building by English Heritage in December 2016.[17]

The Old Rectory

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The Old Rectory is a large part timber-framed house, built in the Tudor period, but extended and remodelled in the 18th century. It is occasionally open to the public.

The Old Cottage

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The Old Cottage, Cheam Village

The Old Cottage was built in the late 15th or early 16th century. Initially built as a cottage, it became a small brewery in the 18th century. It originally stood in the Broadway (then Malden Road) near the junction with Ewell Road. Under threat of demolition when the road was widened in 1922, it was saved by the local council, working with a local architect and historian.

The building was dismantled by removing the original wooden pins from the timber frame. The parts were then moved to the present site one hundred yards down the road and reassembled. The Old Cottage features a local historical plaque, and was used as a bridalwear shop[18][19] before becoming a woolshop in 2022.[20]

The Old Farmhouse

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The Old Farmhouse, Cheam Village

A large timber-framed and weatherboarded yeoman farmer's house, forming part of the Cheam Conservation Area with St Dunstan's Church, Whitehall, The Old Rectory and the Lumley Chapel, the Old Farmhouse has a crown post roof and large Tudor axial chimney stack in the centre with large fireplaces. The earliest part of the house is 15th century, with several building stages extending the house in the 16th and 17th centuries, creating a Baffle House design popular in the 17th century.

Many original features remain including oak doors and hinges, window shutters and fireplaces. Much of the timber framing is exposed throughout the house. Recent excavation and ground imaging uncovered a large Tudor kitchen underneath the house with a Tudor hearth and hood visible. Access to the cellar kitchen was by a staircase going north to south, which is now under the floor of the current kitchen. A file of text and images relating to the house is available in the Conservation Archive in Sutton Library.

Nonsuch Mansion

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Main article: Nonsuch Mansion
 
Historic view of Nonsuch Mansion

Nonsuch Mansion is a Grade II listed Gothic revival mansion within Nonsuch Park. The Service Wing Museum is open to the public during the summer on Sundays. It is run by the Friends of Nonsuch,[21][non-primary source needed] which charitable organisation also commissioned the largest model of Nonsuch Palace available. The model was created by designer Ben Taggart and can be seen throughout the year on Sundays.[22][23] The mansion itself is a popular place for wedding receptions, as it is available for hire. In medieval times the land upon which Nonsuch Mansion sits was part of the three thousand acre manor of Cuddington. The mansion was originally built in 1731–1743 by Joseph Thompson and later bought by Samuel Farmer in 1799. He employed Jeffry Wyattville to rebuild it in a Tudor Gothic style in 1802–1806. Farmer was succeeded by his grandson in 1838 under whom the gardens became famous.

Nonsuch Mansion bears a resemblance to the original design of Nonsuch Palace, whose construction was begun by King Henry VIII in the 16th century. Built within the north porch of the mansion is a block from the original Nonsuch Palace that bears an inscription which means "1543 Henry VIII in the 35th year of His reign."

Places of worship

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St Dunstan's Church

St Dunstan's Church is the area's parish church, situated in Cheam Village, next to Lumley Chapel. St Paul's Howell Hill is on Northey Avenue at the far west of the town, although it is actually in the borough of Epsom and Ewell. It is known locally due to its prominent presence on a roundabout and its contemporary design. Towards the eastern end of Northey Avenue is St Andrew's United Reformed Church, a grade II listed[24] building designed by Maxwell Ayrton in 1933. Cheam Baptist Church is located next to St Dunstan's Church. Cheam Methodist Church is in the east of the town just off the A217 and is also home to Sutton Schoolswork, the local Christian schools charity working in the borough of Sutton.

St Dunstan's Church

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The parish church of St. Dunstan is Grade II* listed.[25] It was built in Cheam Village in 1864 next to Lumley Chapel on the site of a medieval church. It was built with Kentish ragstone below pitched slate roofs, with dressings to windows and doors in Bath Stone. It was designed by F. H. Pownall in the Gothic revival architectural style, and features polychrome brickwork decoration internally.[26] The lychgate, dated 1891, at the entrance to the churchyard, is listed Grade II.[27] In the churchyard are three tombs which are Grade II listed. [28][29][30]

The graveyard attached to this church was twice subject to a 6-foot (1.8 m) archaeological excavation by the police, first between June and September 2012, and again from April 2013.[31] This excavation was conducted in order to uncover evidence in the investigation into the unsolved disappearance of Lee Boxell, a fifteen-year-old local schoolboy, in 1988. The church was home to an informal youth club in the 1980s, known as 'The Shed'.[32]

Lumley Chapel

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Main article: Lumley Chapel
 
Lumley Chapel

Situated next to St Dunstan's Church, Lumley Chapel is the oldest standing building in the London Borough of Sutton, and contains many notable monuments to local families.

Following the construction of the new St Dunstan's church in 1864, the older church on the site was demolished, other than the east end of the chancel, which was retained to contain the monuments and brasses from the old church. This remnant of the former church is now known as the Lumley Chapel.[33][34] It is constructed in partly roughcast rubble stone and brick, and has a gabled tile roof.[34] The east window dates from the 15th century and has three lights. In the south wall is the blocked arcade that formerly led into the south chapel.[33]

The remnant was declared "redundant" in 2002,[35] and vested in the Churches Conservation Trust.[36] It has been designated by English Heritage as a Grade II* listed building,[34] and is under the care of a national charity, the Churches Conservation Trust.[37]

Demography

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38.2% of homes in Cheam are detached houses, 23% are semi-detached, 20.6% are flats/maisonettes/apartments, and 18.6% are terraced.[38]

Schools

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There are a number of schools in Cheam, including Nonsuch High School, a grammar school for girls and Cheam High School, a large mixed comprehensive school on Chatsworth Road.[39]

Primary schools include Cuddington Croft, St Cecilias Catholic Primary School, Cheam Fields Primary, Cheam Common Primary, Cheam Park Farm Nursery and Infants School, Cheam Park Farm Juniors, Nonsuch Primary and St. Dunstans Church of England Primary.

Transport

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Duplication of tunnels on the Northern line and extension to North Cheam proposed in 1946

Cheam is served by Cheam station on the Sutton and Mole Valley lines between Sutton and Epsom. It is in Travelcard Zone 5. Services from Cheam to central London include direct trains to Victoria which take about 30 minutes.

In 1910, parliamentary approval was given to the Wimbledon and Sutton Railway to construct a station at Cheam Road, Sutton that would have been served by the London Underground's District Railway. Following negotiations between the Underground Electric Railways Company of London and the Southern Railway, the line was eventually opened in 1930 by the Southern Railway, though the station was replaced by West Sutton to its north.

In 1946, a report on London's railways to the Ministry of War Transport detailed possible new routes and rail lines for the London Underground, including the Victoria line and a route that would serve similar stations to Crossrail.[40] The same report recommended extending the Northern line to North Cheam, contingent on doubling the tracks between Kennington and Tooting Broadway such that Charing Cross trains would terminate at Tooting Broadway, and with an intermediate station at Morden South. Both proposals would each have cost £1,500,000.[41] The proposed site for North Cheam station would have occupied the site of what was then a Granada cinema on London Road in North Cheam, which was opened in 1937 and closed in 1969;[42] one half was demolished to make way for a community centre car park,[43] and the other half of which is now a Wetherspoons pub.[42] However, as no detailed planning and application was made for permission to construct the extension — by the report's own admission, "the period required for construction, under the most favourable conditions, would not be less than 30 years"[41] — the extension to North Cheam did not take place.[44]

Cheam and North Cheam are served by bus routes including services 213 (Sutton to Kingston), 151 (Wallington to Worcester Park), 93 (North Cheam to Putney Bridge) and the SL7 service between Heathrow Airport and Croydon.

Sport and recreation

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Main article: Nonsuch Park

Cheam is mainly built up, but retains Cheam Park and Nonsuch Park.

Nonsuch Park is home to a historic building, Nonsuch Mansion which contains a cafe and extensive flower gardens. Nonsuch also extends into Stoneleigh and East Ewell.

Cheam Park contains tennis courts, football pitches and a children's playground. A cafe can be found in the middle of the park.

 
Panorama of Flower Garden, Nonsuch Park, Cheam

Cheam Leisure Centre, on Malden Road, has facilities including a swimming pool (30m x 12m), squash courts and fitness gym.

Cheam Rovers F.C. is a local football club.[45]

Cheam Cricket Club play at Peaches Close.[46]

Cheam Hockey Club is a field hockey club that competes in the London Hockey League.[47][48]

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In the comedy show Hancock's Half Hour, Tony Hancock lived in the fictional road Railway Cuttings, in East Cheam. Though not in existence today, East Cheam did exist officially in name and was not fictional.[49][50][51] The census of 1841 includes the place-names East Cheam, North Cheam, Garden Green and Cheam Common.[citation needed]

Cheam is referred to in a rhyme dating back to the 18th century, and revised in the Victorian era to:

"Sutton for good mutton;
Cheam for juicy beef;
Croydon for a pretty girl
And Mitcham for a thief."[52]

St. Dunstan's Church was used in an episode of the TV comedy The I.T. Crowd, Series 2 ("Return of the Golden Child").[53][54][55][better source needed]

Scenes from an episode of Made in Chelsea were filmed in Nonsuch Mansion.[56]

Disappearance of Lee Boxell

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Lee Boxell, a 15-year-old schoolboy, disappeared near his home in Cheam on 10 September 1988. He was last seen outside of the then-Tesco supermarket (now an ASDA store) at 2:20 pm. The case remains unsolved. It was featured in the national press and on BBC TV's Crimewatch.[57]

Notable people

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Olympic gold postbox in Cheam Village for local medal winner, Joanna Rowsell

Nearby places

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References

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  1. ^ "Sutton Ward population 2011". Neighbourhood Statistics. Office for National Statistics. Archived from the original on 21 October 2016. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
  2. ^ a b c "Parishes: Cheam | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
  3. ^ Kelly, Susan E.; Kelly, Susan E., eds. (12 February 2015). Charters of Chertsey Abbey. Anglo-Saxon Charters. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-726556-7.
  4. ^ Eilert Ekwall, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-names, p.98.
  5. ^ Surrey Domesday Book Archived 15 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ http://www.commonwork.org/pdf/cheam.pdf [dead link‍]
  7. ^ Orton, Clive (1979), "Medieval pottery from a kiln site at Cheam : Part 1" (PDF), London Archaeologist (3): 300–304
  8. ^ a b "Cheam Charter Fair breaks with tradition". Your Local Guardian. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
  9. ^ Heald, Tim (1991). The Duke: A Portrait of Prince Philip. Hodder & Stoughton. pp. 35–39. ISBN 978-0-340-54607-9.
  10. ^ "Cheam Charter Fair". Cheam Charter Fair. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
  11. ^ "Cheam Charter Fair looks for help". Your Local Guardian. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
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  13. ^ "Properties perfect for a Jane Austen heroine: The Old Rectory". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013.
  14. ^ Borough Heritage Study Archived 6 September 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  15. ^ "Whitehall Historic House – June 2018". 23 June 2018. Archived from the original on 28 June 2018. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
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  17. ^ Historic England, "Cheam War Memorial (1440363)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 30 June 2017
  18. ^ "Old Cottage, Cheam Village, Surrey, UK. - Relocated Structures on Waymarking.com".
  19. ^ Sutton Council Archived 4 November 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  20. ^ "Whichcraft Wools – Celebrating 25 Years". Retrieved 24 May 2022.
  21. ^ "Friends Of Nonsuch". Friends of Nonsuch. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
  22. ^ "A Tudor "Gem": Nonsuch Palace". The Esoteric Curiosa. 19 November 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
  23. ^ "Nonsuch Palace | Model Houses". Ben Taggart: Modelmaking and Design. 31 March 2012. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
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  28. ^ Historic England, "The tomb of Fleetwood Dormer d. 1736 in the Churchyard of St Dunstan's, Sutton (1382344)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 August 2013
  29. ^ Historic England, "The tomb of William Farmer c.1815 in the Churchyard of St Dunstan's, Sutton (1382345)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 August 2013
  30. ^ Historic England, "The tomb of Christian and Henry Neale d. 1675 and Eliza Dutton d. 1687 in the Churchyard of St Dunstan's, Sutton (1382351)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 August 2013
  31. ^ "Graveyard searched for signs of Lee Boxell, who went missing in Sutton". Evening Standard. 21 September 2012. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  32. ^ "Paedophiles active when boy vanished". 15 February 2013. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
  33. ^ a b Malden, H. E., ed. (1912), "Parishes: Cheam", A History of the County of Surrey, Victoria County History, vol. 4, University of London & History of Parliament Trust, pp. 194–199, retrieved 30 March 2011
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  35. ^ Schemes, Diocese of Southwark, archived from the original (DOC) on 16 March 2012, retrieved 30 March 2011
  36. ^ Diocese of Southwark: All Schemes (PDF), Church Commissioners/Statistics, Church of England, 2011, p. 8, archived from the original (PDF) on 16 March 2012, retrieved 30 March 2011
  37. ^ Lumley Chapel (St Dunstan's), Cheam, Surrey, Churches Conservation Trust, retrieved 30 March 2011
  38. ^ "Ward Profiles and Atlas". London Datastore.
  39. ^ "Cheam High School Inspection report" (PDF). webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk. 2010. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
  40. ^ Wills, Ella (25 May 2018). "Revealed: This TfL Tube map from 1946 shows how London Underground could have looked". Evening Standard. Archived from the original on 2 October 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
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  42. ^ a b Eyles, Allen (1998). The Granada Theatres. Cinema Theatre Association. p. 85. ISBN 9780851706801.
  43. ^ "Side by side georeferenced maps viewer". National Library of Scotland. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
  44. ^ Noble, Will (23 May 2018). "A Tube Map That Never Happened, Based On Plans From The 1940s". Londonist.com. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
  45. ^ "Cheam Rovers F.C." Facebook. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  46. ^ "Cheam CC". Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  47. ^ "Cheam Hockey Club". Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  48. ^ "England Hockey - Cheam Hockey Club". Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  49. ^ "Archaeology - Documentary Group" (PDF). Epsom & Ewell History Explorer.
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  52. ^ "Chapter XIV: Local Allusions to Women". sacred-texts.com. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
  53. ^ Barnes, Kevin (22 July 2009). "Lights, camera...Sutton. Town welcomes film crews". Your Local Guardian. Archived from the original on 2 April 2023. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
  54. ^ "Sutton Film Office". Archived from the original on 14 April 2016. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
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  56. ^ Pepper, James (18 December 2012). "Made in Chelsea made in Sutton". Your Local Guardian. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2023.
  57. ^ "Lee Boxell disappearance". Crimewatch. BBC One. Archived from the original on 18 February 2013.
  58. ^ Peter, Mattey. "History of our area". Belmont and South Cheam Residents Association. Retrieved 26 August 2024.
  59. ^ Harkness, Deborah E. (June 1997). "Managing an Experimental Household: The Dees of Mortlake and the Practice of Natural Philosophy". Isis. 88 (2): 251. doi:10.1086/383691. JSTOR 236573. S2CID 144404148.
  60. ^ Thorpe, Vanessa (5 August 2007). "Hollywood's favourite Brit". The Observer. ISSN 0029-7712. Archived from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
  61. ^ "Cheam Village".
  62. ^ Not Just the Tudors podcast by History Hit; Episode – Sister Queens: Mary II and Anne 29:56–30:14. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
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