Wikipedia

Carme Junyent

In this Catalan name, the first or paternal surname is Junyent and the second or maternal family name is Figueras; both are generally joined by the conjunction "i".

Maria Carme Junyent i Figueras (4 February 1955 – 3 September 2023), commonly known as Carme Junyent, was a Catalan linguist. Renowned in her work field, in particular for her defense of the Catalan language and studies on endangered languages, she was a professor of linguistics at the University of Barcelona.[1] She specialized in African languages and sociolinguistics.[2]

Carme Junyent
Junyent in the Basque Country, 2020
Born
Maria Carme Junyent i Figueras

(1955-02-04)4 February 1955
Masquefa, Catalonia, Spain
Died3 September 2023(2023-09-03) (aged 68)
Occupations
  • Linguist
  • language activist
  • university professor
Children2
HonoursCreu de Sant Jordi (2019)
Academic background
Alma mater
ThesisLa classificació de les llengües d'Àfrica: el bantu i una hipòtesi (més) sobre la seva expansió (1991)
Academic work
InstitutionsUniversity of Barcelona

Early life and education edit

Maria Carme Junyent i Figueras was born on 4 February 1955, in Masquefa, a small village in the province of Barcelona, Spain.[3] She studied philology at the University of Barcelona, and completed her education at the University of Marburg, the University of Cologne, and the University of California.[4] In 1991, she obtained her doctorate at the University of Barcelona with a thesis entitled La classificació de les llengües d'Àfrica: el bantu i una hipòtesi (més) sobre la seva expansió (lit. 'The classification of African languages: Bantu and a (further) hypothesis about its expansion') under the direction of linguist Jesús Tuson Valls [ca].[5][6]

Career edit

In 1992, Junyent created the University of Barcelona–based Endangered Languages Study Group [ca], which she directed until her death in 2023.[1][7] In 1996, she contributed to the Universal Declaration of Linguistic Rights as a consultant.[8]

The defense of Catalan was Junyent's main commitment as a linguist and she believed that the gradual loss of the social use of the language had succeeded in making it an endangered language.[9][10] In 1999, Junyent published the article "El català, una llengua en perill d'extinció?" (lit. '"Catalan, a language in danger of extinction?'), in which she analyzed the risk of Catalan ending up as a substituted language from the point of view of linguistic anthropology.[9] Junyent appealed to individual responsibility to save Catalan, that Catalan speakers should never stop speaking it and transmitting it even when they are spoken to in Spanish and that young people and teachers should be more conscious of using it and its normalization on the Internet.[9][10][11] She also considered that an eventual Catalan republic would not have to have an official language, since this was not a guarantor of the Catalan language but exclusively its use and transmission.[10]

Junyent also repeatedly expressed her rejection of inclusive language. In 2010, she organized the conference "Visibilitzar o marcar. Repensar el gènere en la llengua catalana" (lit. '"To make visible or to mark. Rethinking gender in the Catalan language"'), whose analysis and interventions were collected in a book published in 2013 with the same name.[12] This book is based on the use of the generic masculine as inclusive of the masculine and feminine genders, making the use of the split gender forms unnecessary, affirming that it is impossible for society to change by changing its language, as language is the reflection of a society and not the other way around.[12] In 2022, she published the book Som dones, som lingüistes, som moltes i diem prou (lit. '"We are women, we are linguists, we are many and we say enough"'), which she published together with 70 women linguists, in which she expressed her criticism of inclusive language and the need to put an end to what she called an "imposition".[13]

 
Junyent in Reus in 2020

Junyent also penned notable works about languages, such as El futur del català depèn de tu (lit. 'The future of Catalan depends on you'), Les llengües del món (lit. 'Languages of the world'), Didàctica i recorregut de les llengües del món (lit. 'Didactics and tour of the world's languages'), Les llengües d’Àfrica (lit. 'The languages of Africa'), Vida i mort de les llengües (lit. 'Life and death of the languages'), Les llengües a Catalunya (lit. 'The langiuages in Catalonia'), Trans-ferències. La manifestació dels processos extralingüístics en les llengües del món (lit. 'Transfers. The manifestation of extralinguistic processes in the languages of the world'), and Diversitat lingüística a l’aula. Construir centres educatius plurilingües (lit. 'Linguistic diversity in the classroom. Building multilingual educational centers')[1][3]

In 2019, Junyent was awarded the Catalan Creu de Sant Jordi honour "for her long career in the study and defence of linguistic diversity in Catalonia and around the world".[5]

On 1 March 2022, the Government of Catalonia appointed Junyent as president of its newly created Linguistic Advisory Council.[1][14] As president of this Advisory Council, Junyent also promoted measures to improve the situation of the Aranese dialect in the Val d'Aran, especially in schools.[15]

In May 2022, after the ruling of the High Court of Justice of Catalonia ordering that at least 25% of subjects in Catalan schools be taught in Spanish, Junyent stated that it was the consequence of the Catalan Ministry of Education's years of silence in the face of complaints from professionals, but that, even so, it would have to be fulfilled with the condition of the vernacular use of Catalan in school as a way of "defending ourselves" against a Spain that "goes against Catalonia".[16]

Junyent was a regular contributor to Catalunya Radio and VilaWeb.[9]

In her last article, titled "Morir-se en català" (lit. 'Dying in Catalan') and published just after her death at her request on VilaWeb, Junyent talks about the right to die in Catalan and the importance of being able to express oneself in one's own language at the end of one's life.[17]

Personal life and death edit

A single mother by choice, she had two children.[18] She suffered from prosopagnosia.[19]

Junyent died from pancreatic cancer on 3 September 2023 at age 68.[5][20]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d Maresma Matas, Assumpció. "S'ha mort Carme Junyent, la dona sàvia que no es va rendir mai". VilaWeb (in Catalan). Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  2. ^ Zimmermann, Klaus; Amorós Negre, Carla; Cifuentes, Bárbara; Escobar, Anna María, eds. (2014). Prácticas y políticas lingüísticas: nuevas variedades, normas, actitudes y perspectivas. Nuevos hispanismos (in Spanish). Madrid: Iberoamericana. p. 384. ISBN 978-84-8489-797-2.
  3. ^ a b "Carme Junyent i Figueras". Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana (in Catalan). Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  4. ^ "Mor Carme Junyent, masquefina i lingüista de referència al país". City Council of Masquefa (in Catalan). 3 September 2023.
  5. ^ a b c Solé Ingla, Alba (3 September 2023). "Carme Junyent, renowned Catalan linguist, dies". El Nacional. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  6. ^ La classificació de les llengües d'Àfrica: el bantu i una hipòtesi (més) sobre la seva expansió (Thesis) (in Catalan). University of La Rioja. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  7. ^ "GELA, Grup d'Estudi de Llengües Amenaçades". University of Barcelona (in Catalan).
  8. ^ P., J. (3 September 2023). "Mor Carme Junyent, lingüista referent del català". El Punt Avui (in Catalan). Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  9. ^ a b c d Amat, Jordi (3 September 2023). "La llengua de Carme Junyent". El País (in Catalan).
  10. ^ a b c Martí, Pep (3 September 2023). "Carme Junyent: "En una Catalunya independent no hi hauria d'haver cap llengua oficial"". Nació Digital (in Catalan).
  11. ^ "El llegat de Carme Junyent en 10 idees clau". Diari Ara. 4 September 2023.
  12. ^ a b Zaballa, Bel (31 October 2010). "Carme Junyent: 'Que s'acabi aquesta comèdia de desdoblar en masculí i femení'". El Punt Avui (in Catalan).
  13. ^ "Muere la lingüista y referente del catalán Carme Junyent". El País (in Spanish). 3 September 2023.
  14. ^ Solé Ingla, Alba (1 March 2022). "ACORD GOV/32/2022, d'1 de març, pel qual es crea el Consell Lingüístic Assessor del Departament d'Educació". Official Gazzette of the Generalitat de Catalunya (in Catalan).
  15. ^ Junyent, Carme (2 October 2022). "Tenim un repte: l'aranès". VilaWeb.
  16. ^ "Junyent és partidària que si cal es compleixi la sentència del 25% però a condició que el centre funcioni en català". El Punt. 10 May 2022.
  17. ^ Junyent, Carme (3 September 2023). "Morir-se en català". VilaWeb (in Catalan). Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  18. ^ Ventura Farré, Gemma (27 October 2021). "Carme Junyent: "La gent no s'atreveix a dir el que pensa perquè no li posin l'etiqueta de masclista"". Catorze (in Catalan). Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  19. ^ Vallhonesta, Anna (11 May 2019). "T'imagines deixar de reconèixer els teus fills o la teva parella?". RAC 1 (in Catalan).
  20. ^ Camps, Magí (3 September 2023). "Fallece Carme Junyent, referente de la lengua catalana". La Vanguardia (in Spanish). Retrieved 5 September 2023.
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