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Xilinhot (Mongolian: 
; Chinese: 锡林浩特市) is a county-level city which serves as the seat of government for the Xilingol League in Inner Mongolia, China. In 2010, it has a jurisdiction area of 14,785 km2 (5,709 sq mi) and a population of 245,886; 149,000 people live in the Xilinhot urban area.[3]
Xilinhot
锡林浩特市 • ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ | |
|---|---|
  Xilinhot Location in Inner Mongolia  Xilinhot Xilinhot (China) | |
| Coordinates (Xilinhot municipal government): 43°56′00″N 116°05′10″E / 43.9334°N 116.0860°E | |
| Country | China |
| Autonomous region | Inner Mongolia |
| League | Xilingol |
| Incorporated (County-level city) | 10 October 1983 |
| Municipal seat | Xar Tal Subdistrict |
| Area | |
| • County-level city | 14,592.0 km2 (5,634.0 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 409.00 km2 (157.92 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 997 m (3,271 ft) |
| Population (2020)[2] | |
| • County-level city | 349,953 |
| • Density | 24/km2 (62/sq mi) |
| • Urban (2017)[1] | 213,000 |
| • Urban density | 520/km2 (1,300/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 026000 |
| Area code | 0479 |
| License plate prefixes | 蒙H |
| Website | www |
| Xilinhot | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 锡林浩特市 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 錫林浩特市 | ||||||
| |||||||
| Mongolian name | |||||||
| Mongolian Cyrillic | Шилийн хот | ||||||
| Mongolian script | ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ | ||||||
| |||||||
History
editDuring the Ming dynasty, the elder brother of Genghis Khan lived in Xilinhot area. As a result, the local Mongols were called Abganar, because Abgal in Mongolian means paternal uncle. When in the first half of the 17th century the Mongols submitted to the Manchu, the Abganar territories were divided into two banners: Abganar-Tszoitsi (Abganar left wing) and Abganar-Yuitsi (Abganar right wing). These wings were commanded by men in the rank of princes beile. The Abgal (阿巴嘎) and Hotsit (浩齊特) tribes also lived in the area. Xinlihot was renamed Beizi Temple (貝子廟) after the Qianlong Emperor built the Beizi Temple in 1743. Today, the Beizi temple is one of the largest temples on the Xilin Gol grassland.
In 1914, Beizi Temple was included in the newly founded Chahar Special Administrative Region, which became the Chahar Province in 1928. Later it was included in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In 1953, the county was renamed Xilinhot, and then Abahanaer Banner in 1956. In 1983, it was approved for classification as a county-level city by the state council, and once more renamed Xilinhot.
Geography
editThe elevation of Xilinhot is approximately 990 m (3,250 ft). The city is 610 and 620 km (380 and 390 mi) from Beijing and Hohhot (the capital of Inner Mongolia), respectively.
Climate
editXilinhot experiences a cold semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk) with long, very dry, and bitter winters and short, hot summers. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −18.8 °C (−1.8 °F) in January to 21.6 °C (70.9 °F) in July, with an annual mean temperature of 3.04 °C (37.5 °F). With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 59 percent in July to 73 percent in February, sunshine is abundant year-round. The city receives 2,970 hours of sunshine per year; due to the aridity, the diurnal temperature variation frequently approaches and exceeds 15 °C (27 °F). Most of the 264 mm (10.4 in) of annual rainfall occurs in July and August.
| Climate data for Xilinhot, elevation 1,003 m (3,291 ft), (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1939-present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 8.0 (46.4) |
14.5 (58.1) |
22.4 (72.3) |
32.3 (90.1) |
36.6 (97.9) |
37.4 (99.3) |
39.8 (103.6) |
39.4 (102.9) |
36.1 (97.0) |
28.4 (83.1) |
19.1 (66.4) |
9.3 (48.7) |
39.8 (103.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −11.8 (10.8) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
3.3 (37.9) |
13.5 (56.3) |
21.1 (70.0) |
26.0 (78.8) |
28.4 (83.1) |
27.0 (80.6) |
21.4 (70.5) |
11.7 (53.1) |
0.1 (32.2) |
−9.6 (14.7) |
10.4 (50.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −18.5 (−1.3) |
−13.7 (7.3) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
6.0 (42.8) |
13.8 (56.8) |
19.2 (66.6) |
22.1 (71.8) |
20.2 (68.4) |
13.8 (56.8) |
4.2 (39.6) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
−15.7 (3.7) |
3.4 (38.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −23.7 (−10.7) |
−19.8 (−3.6) |
−10.8 (12.6) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
6.4 (43.5) |
12.6 (54.7) |
16.1 (61.0) |
13.9 (57.0) |
7.0 (44.6) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
−12.1 (10.2) |
−20.8 (−5.4) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −41.1 (−42.0) |
−37.2 (−35.0) |
−32.8 (−27.0) |
−17.7 (0.1) |
−8.9 (16.0) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
6.0 (42.8) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
−20.0 (−4.0) |
−30.0 (−22.0) |
−37.8 (−36.0) |
−41.1 (−42.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.5 (0.10) |
2.9 (0.11) |
5.1 (0.20) |
9.0 (0.35) |
27.6 (1.09) |
55.3 (2.18) |
77.1 (3.04) |
52.7 (2.07) |
22.5 (0.89) |
13.5 (0.53) |
7.3 (0.29) |
4.5 (0.18) |
280 (11.03) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 7.3 | 11.0 | 12.6 | 9.2 | 6.7 | 4.6 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 80.4 |
| Average snowy days | 8.0 | 7.1 | 7.4 | 3.9 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 3.5 | 7.5 | 9.3 | 48.1 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 70 | 65 | 52 | 38 | 39 | 50 | 58 | 57 | 51 | 53 | 61 | 69 | 55 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 205.5 | 215.6 | 264.0 | 267.5 | 289.9 | 278.3 | 280.6 | 285.4 | 260.8 | 233.8 | 195.8 | 187.5 | 2,964.7 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 71 | 72 | 71 | 66 | 63 | 60 | 61 | 67 | 71 | 70 | 69 | 68 | 67 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration [4] [5]all-time extreme temperature[6] | |||||||||||||
Administrative divisions
editXilinhot is divided into 8 subdistricts, 1 town, and 3 sums.
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Mongolian (Hudum Script) | Mongolian (Cyrillic) | Administrative division code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subdistricts | |||||
| Xar Tal Subdistrict | 希日塔拉街道 | Xīrìtǎlā Jiēdào | ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Шартал зээл гудамж | 152502001 |
| Bulgan Subdistrict | 宝力根街道 | Bǎolìgēn Jiēdào | ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Булган зээл гудамж | 152502002 |
| Hanggai Subdistrict | 杭盖街道 | Hánggài Jiēdào | ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Хангай зээл гудамж | 152502003 |
| Qulgan Subdistrict | 楚古兰街道 | Chǔgǔlán Jiēdào | ᠴᠢᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Чуулган зээл гудамж | 152502004 |
| Erden Subdistrict | 额尔敦街道 | É'ěrdūn Jiēdào | ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Эрдэн зээл гудамж | 152502005 |
| Nanjiao Subdistrict | 南郊街道 | Nánjiāo Jiēdào | ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Өмнө дүүрээгийн зээл гудамж | 152502006 |
| Bayan Qagan Subdistrict | 巴彦查干街道 | Bāyànchágān Jiēdào | ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Баянцагаан зээл гудамж | 152502007 |
| Bayan Xil Subdistrict | 巴彦锡勒街道 | Bāyànxīlè Jiēdào | ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠡᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠳᠤᠮᠵᠢ | Баяншл зээл гудамж | 152502008 |
| Town | |||||
| Arxan Bulag Town | 阿尔善宝拉格镇 | Ā'ěrshànbǎolāgé Zhèn | ᠷᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Рашаанбулаг балгас | 152502100 |
| Sums | |||||
| Bulgan Sum | 宝力根苏木 | Bǎolìgēn Sūmù | ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ | Булган сум | 152502200 |
| Qog Ul Sum | 朝克乌拉苏木 | Cháokèwūlā Sūmù | ᠴᠣᠭᠠ᠋ᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ | Цугуул сум | 152502201 |
| Bayan Bulag Sum | 巴彦宝拉格苏木 | Bāyànbǎolāgé Sūmù | ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ | Баянбулаг сум | 152502202 |
Others:
- Xilin Gol Economic-Technological Development Area (锡林郭勒盟经济技术开发区)
- Bayan Hure Ranch (白银库伦牧场)
- Bileg Ranch (贝力克牧场)
- Modon Ranch (毛登牧场)
Economy
edit
The market of the area is centered in Xilinhot and cattle is of particular importance. The rural area of Xilinhot consists of surface mining pits for coal.[7]
Culture and tourism
editThe historic center of Xilinhot contains an artistic temple.
The Naadam festival, a Mongolian feast, is celebrated every year. Naadam is a gathering of the Mongolian people that involves wrestling, horse trading, costume contests, horse racing, etc. It's the Mongolian summer festival with festival attendees wearing colorful costumes. Colorful yurts are set up to serve food and trinkets and supplies.
Mongolian culture is prevalent in the city scene; tapestries and monumental statues of Genghis Khan adorn homes, shops, and street corners.
Tourists can stay at nearby yurt resorts, where there are large yurts for dining surrounded by smaller individual yurts for sleeping. The Xilinhot countryside is marked by rolling grasslands populated by Mongolians who keep horses, sheep, goats, and cows. Mongolian meals consist of mutton, beef, cabbage, and other fruits and vegetables.
Cuisine
editThe diet of the area is centered around the local dairy and meat production. Products regularly eaten by residents include horse milk yogurt, milk, tofu, milk skin, beef and mutton string[clarification needed], hand meat[clarification needed], and grilled lamb.
Transportation
edit
Xilinhot Airport has regular flights to Beijing on Air China and China United Airlines. The airport is also served by Tianjin Airlines with multiple daily flights to Hohhot and a seasonal daily flight to Tianjin; there are also occasional direct flights to other major cities.[8]
The K7917 train connects Xilinhot with the national rail network and departs daily for Hohhot and Baotou.
China National Highway 207 and China National Highway 303 both terminate in the Xilinhot area. The S27 Xilingol-Kalgan Expressway also ends in a suburb of Xilinhot.
References
edit- ^ a b Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, ed. (2019). China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017. Beijing: China Statistics Press. p. 48. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- ^ Inner Mongolia: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
- ^ (in Chinese) Data from the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China Archived December 29, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ CMA台站气候标准值(1991-2020) (in Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 2023-04-11.
- ^ 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）. China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2010-05-25.
- ^ "Extreme Temperatures Around the World". Retrieved 2024-10-23.
- ^ "Choke Point: China/中国之瓶颈：水匮乏与能源需求 | Wilson Center". www.wilsoncenter.org. Retrieved 2024-05-23.
- ^ "Xilinhot Airport Live Flight Information". Retrieved 15 September 2015.