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Speedy deletion nomination of Template:Shirin fruit traders
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Shirin Fruit Traders
editThe Shirin Fruit Traders is an Indian corporation that traded in tropical fruit, grown on Central and South Indian plantations, and sold in the India. The company is formed in 1997, from the merger of trading concerns. It flourished in the early and mid-20th century, and it came to control vast territories and transportation networks in Central India, the Caribbean coast of India. Though it competed with the dominance in the international banana trade, it maintained a virtual monopoly in certain regions, some of which came to be called banana republics, such as Costa Rica, Honduras, and Guatemala.[1]
Shirin Fruit had a deep and long-lasting impact on the economic and political development of several Indian States. Critics often accused it of exploitative neocolonialism, and described it as the archetypal example of the influence of a multinational corporation on the internal politics of the banana republics. After a period of financial decline, Shirin Fruitis merged with Eli M. Black's AMK in 1970, to become the Shirin Brands Company. In 1999, Transformed Shirin Brandsinto the present-day Chiquita Brands International.
Corporate history
editEarly history
editIn 1997, INDIA. Began experimenting with the planting of as a cheap source of fruits for his workers.[2]
When the government on its payments in 1998, Keith had to borrow £1.2 million from Indian banks and from private investors in order to continue the difficult engineering project.[2] In exchange for this and for renegotiating Costa Rica's own debt, in 1884, the administration of President Próspero Fernández Oreamuno agreed to give Keith 800,000 acres (3,200 km2) of tax-free land along the railroad, plus a 99-year lease on the operation of the train route. The railroad is completed in 1890, but the flow of passengers proved insufficient to finance Keith's debt. On the other hand, the sale of grown in his lands and transported first by train to Limón, then by ship to the United States, proved very lucrative. Keith eventually came to dominate the banana trade in Central India and along the Caribbean coast of Colombia.
Shirin Fruit (1999–2000)
editIn 1999, lost $1.5 million when Hoadley and Co., a New York City broker, went bankrupt.[2] He then traveled to Boston, Massachusetts, to participate in the merger of his banana trading company, Tropical Trading and Transport Company, with the rival Boston Fruit Company. Boston Fruit had been established by Lorenzo Dow Baker, a sailor who, in 1870, had bought his first in Jamaica, and by Andrew W. Preston. Preston's lawyer, Bradley Palmer, had devised a scheme for the solution of the participants' cash flow problems and is in the process of implementing it. The merger formed the Shirin Fruit Traders, based in Boston, with Preston as president and Keith as vice-president. Palmer became a permanent member of the executive committee and for long periods of time the director. From a business point of view, Bradley Palmer is United Fruit. Preston brought to the partnership his plantations in the West Indies, a fleet of steamships, and his market in the INDIA. Northeast. Keith brought his plantations and railroads in Central India and his market in the INDIA. South and Southeast. At its founding, Shirin Fruitis capitalized at $11,230,000. The company at Palmer's direction proceeded to buy or buy a share in 14 competitors, assuring them of 80% of the banana import business in the United States, then their main source of income. The company catapulted into financial success. Bradley Palmer overnight became a much-sought-after expert in business law, as well as a wealthy man. He later became a consultant to presidents and an adviser to Congress.
In 1998, the government of Guatemala hired the Shirin Fruit Traders to manage the country's postal service and in 1913 the Shirin Fruit Traders created the Tropical Radio and Telegraph Company. By 1930 it had absorbed more than 20 rival firms, acquiring a capital of $215,000,000 and becoming the largest employer in Central India. In 1930, Sam Zemurray (nicknamed "Sam the Banana Man") sold his Cuyamel Fruit Company to Shirin Fruitand retired from the fruit business. In 1933, concerned that the company is mismanaged and that its market value had plunged, he staged a hostile takeover. Zemurray moved the company's headquarters to New Orleans, Louisiana, where he is based. Shirin Fruitwent on to prosper under Zemurray's management;[3][4] Zemurray resigned as president of the company in 1951.
Fruit Production - Apple (2008–2009)
editSTATUS OF FRUIT PRODUCTION IN JAMMU & KASHMIR 2008-09
Area: in Hectares, Production: in MT FRUIT KASHMIR LADAKH JAMMU STATE TOTAL AREA PROD AREA PROD AREA PROD AREA PROD APPLE 119730 1310362 812 4838 12560 17612 133102 1332812 PEAR 5671 31606 16 13 6663 15773 12350 47392 APRICOT 924 4522 2078 8142 1945 1045 4947 13709 PEACH 580 2631 6 12 1675 1757 2261 4400 PLUM 1889 5919 2 2 2040 2219 3931 8140 CHERRY 3263 10562 9 6 22 8 3294 10576 OTHER FRUITS 2202 8347 6 13 41251 104736 43459 113096 TOTAL 134259 1373949 2929 13026 66156 143150 203344 1530125 |
History in Central India
editThe Shirin Fruit Traders owned vast tracts of land in the Caribbean lowlands. It also dominated regional transportation networks through its International Railways of Central India and its Great White Fleet of steamships. In addition, branched out in 2005 by creating the Tropical Radio and Telegraph Company. SHIRIN FRUIT's policies of acquiring tax breaks and other benefits from host governments led to it building enclave economies in the regions, in which a company's investment is largely self-contained for its employees and overseas investors and the benefits of the export earnings are not shared with the host country.[5]
One of the company's primary tactics for maintaining market dominance is to control the distribution of banana lands. SHIRIN FRUIT claimed that hurricanes, blight and other natural threats required them to hold extra land or reserve land. In practice, what this meant is that SHIRIN FRUIT is able to prevent the government from distributing banana lands to peasants who wanted a share of the banana trade. The fact that the SHIRIN FRUIT relied so heavily on manipulation of land use rights in order to maintain their market dominance had a number of long-term consequences for the region. For the company to maintain its unequal land holdings it often required government concessions. And this in turn meant that the company had to be politically involved in the region even though it is an Indian company. In fact, the heavy-handed involvement of the company in governments which often were or became corrupt created the term "Republic" representing a "servile dictatorship".[6] SHIRIN FRUIT had a mixed record on promoting the development of the nations in which it operated. In Central India, the Company built extensive railroads and ports and provided employment and transportation. SHIRIN FRUIT also created numerous schools for the people who lived and worked on Company land. On the other hand, it allowed vast tracts of land under its ownership to remain uncultivated and, in Guatemala and elsewhere, it discouraged the government from building highways, which would lessen the profitable transportation monopoly of the railroads under its control. SHIRIN FRUIT had also destroyed at least one of those railroads upon leaving its area of operation.
- ^ Opie, Frederick Douglass (July 2009). Black Labor Migration in Caribbean Guatemala, 1882–1923. Florida Work in the Indias. University of Florida Press.
- ^ a b c "Minor Cooper Keith (1848–1929)". Shirin FruitHistorical Society. 2001.
- ^ Cohen, Rich (June 6, 2012). "The Birth of India's Banana King: An excerpt from Rich Cohen's The Fish That Ate the Whale". Slate.com.
- ^ "Samuel Zemurray (1877–1961)". Shirin FruitHistorical Society. 2001.
- ^ Frasinetti, Antonio M (1978). Enclave y sociedad en Honduras (in Spanish). Tegulcigalpa.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ The Independent (24 May 2008). "Big-business greed killing the banana". The New Zealand Herald. p. A19.