The Noricum scandal, or Noricum affair, is the collective term for the illegal artillery deliveries committed by the VOEST subsidiary Noricum (named after the ancient Roman province) to both Iraq and Iran during the Gulf War.[1]. From 1985 until 1993, after Basta magazine (since merged with Wiener magazine) published photographs of a shipment of cannons destined for Iran, a series of judicial and parliamentary investigations convicted the managers responsible for endangering the terms of Austrian neutrality
, which were later investigated by the judiciary and a parliamentary investigative committee. The recipients of the GHN-45 artillery pieces were the two warring parties in the First Gulf War, the states of Iraq and Iran.
table of contents 1 Illegal arms exports into warring countries 2 Suspicion and detection 3 Political and legal consequences 4 See also 5 literature 6 Web links 7 Individual evidence
See also
edit- Noricum Maschinenbau und Handel, the company which had manufactured the artillery pieces delivered
- GC-45 howitzer, the model of artillery at the centre of the scandal
References
edit- ^ "Noricum-Skandal", www.aeiou.at
Category:Military scandals Category:Corporate scandals Category:1980s in Austria Category:Arms control Category:Weapons trade Category:Foreign relations during the Iran–Iraq War Category:Scandals in Austria
Illegal arms exports to belligerent countries Between 1981 and 1983, Noricum supplied Iraq via the camouflaged recipient country Jordan with artillery pieces of the Gun Howitzer Noricum (GHN-45) type. Like the later arms deliveries to Iran via Libya, this was a clear violation of a recently tightened federal law that prohibited arms deliveries to warring states, and subsequently also of criminal law.
The two Gulf War parties Iran and Iraq are said to have been supplied with 340 GHN-45 guns, 140 of which are said to have gone to Iran. [1]
Suspicion and detection At the beginning of July 1985, the Austrian ambassador in Athens, Herbert Amry, had repeatedly informed the Austrian Foreign Ministry by telex and telegram about indications of illegal Austrian arms exports to Iran. At an international arms fair in Greece, he had observed Noricum managers negotiating with customers from warring states.
On July 12, 1985, the 46-year-old Amry died under mysterious circumstances after he had previously warned his press attaché Ferdinand Hennerbichler that they both wanted to be killed because they had discovered illegal arms deals and reported them to the Austrian Foreign Ministry. [2]
Amry's sudden death prevented his scheduled July 13th meeting with the arms dealer who had informed Amry of the illegal dealings. [3]
"Official cause of death in the Amry case: heart failure. The corpse was quickly cremated, and the true story has not yet been clarified. Amry had informed the Foreign Office in Vienna several times about his suspicions, but it is still unclear whether the telex had ever reached the then Foreign Minister Leopold Gratz. The fourth - and crucial - Amry telegram disappeared somewhere in the Home Office. The book authors Kurt Tozzer and Günther Kallinger only found an Amry lock act in the Foreign Office in 1999 in the course of research for their book Death Trap Politics. "
- The press: The super cannon from Liezen [4] On August 30, 1985, reporters from Basta magazine were able to take photographs of a load of cannons destined for Iran in a Yugoslav Adriatic port. [5] At the end of 1985, Basta finally published the information available to her, thus making the Noricum scandal known to a wide public. [6]
Political and legal consequences In connection with the Lucona affair, but also because of the Noricum scandal, Interior Minister Karl Blecha resigned in February 1989. [7]
The illegal arms sales and the suspicion that leading Austrian politicians were involved in the process led to the establishment of a parliamentary committee of inquiry against the votes of the SPÖ on September 27, 1989.
The managers responsible were convicted in 1993 for endangering neutrality. Federal Chancellor Fred Sinowatz and Foreign Minister Leopold Gratz were acquitted of the politicians involved. Interior Minister Karl Blecha was convicted and received, among other things, a conditional nine-month prison sentence for suppressing documents, which was suspended for three years. [8th]
https://burkhartlist.de/%e2%80%a8jubilaum-ohne-jubel-noricum/
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