The chronology of the abdications of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V has been disputed since the very beginning.[1][2] The only date on which historians agree is that of the public speech given on 25 October 1555.[1]
- 25 October 1555 ― Resignation speech to the States General of the Netherlands; public abdication in favour of Philip II of Spain followed by a document recorded by Olivier de Wree.[3][4]
- 28 October 1555 ― Philip II signs the document of abdication (?).[3]
- 16 January 1556 ― Charles renounces the Spanish domains to Philip II; some sources say 17 January.[1]
- 17 February 1556 ― Charles reaffirms Philip II as new king.[3]
- 3 August 1556 ― Charles announces his abdication as Emperor and urges Ferdinand I, King of Germany, to take the throne (with the aproval of the electors).[5][6]
- 27 August 1556 ― Constitutio[7] / Rescriptum[8] renouncing the Empire in favour to Ferdinand. To the Imperial Chamber Court in Speyer, written in Ghent.
- 7 September 1556 ― Edictum[7][9] to all States of the Holy Roman Empire to recognize Ferdinand as ruler.
- 24[16] or 28[22] February 1558 ― Charles' abdication is recognized by the electors.
- 12 March 1558 ― Ferdinand recognized as Emperor elect.[23]
- 12 March 1558 ― Ferdinand crowned Emperor elect.[14]
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- ^ a b c Robertson, William (1829). Histoire de Charles-Quint (in French). Haumann. pp. 262-263 (note 1), 452–454.
- ^ Voltaire (1878) Annales de L'Empire. Charles-Quinte. Notes 39 & 40.
- ^ a b c Robertson, William (1829). Histoire de Charles-Quint (in French). Haumann. pp. 453–454.
- ^ The Abdication of Emperor Charles V (1555/56). German History in Documents and Images.
- ^ The Abdication of Emperor Charles V / Kaiserliche Instruktion für die Abdikationsgesandtschaft zu Ferdinand I. und zu den Kurfürsten. German History in Documents and Images.
- ^ Archiv für österreichische Geschichte (in German). Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. 1901. pp. 314–316.
Instruktion für die Abdikationsgesandtschaft (Instruction for the Abdication Mission)
- ^ a b Bernard, Jacques (1700). Recueil Des Traitez De Paix, De Treve, De Neutralite, etc (in French). Henry Et La Veuve De T. Boom. p. 276.
- ^ Lünig, Johann Christian (1720). Das deutsche Reichs-Archivs (in German). Vol. 4. pp. 355–356.
Rescriptum to the Chamber-Judges and Assessors of the Holy Imperial Chamber Court in Speyer, in which he refers them to the Roman King Ferdinandum I as their future ruler.
- ^ Lünig, Johann Christian (1711). Das deutsche Reichs-Archiv (in German). Vol. 6. pp. 288–289.
Edictum to all Electors and States of the Holy Roman Empire, that he entrusted his lord brother, the Roman King Ferdinand I, with the rule of the German Reich.
- ^ Clémencet, Charles (1784). L'art de verifier les dates des faits historiques (in French). Al. Jombert Jeune. p. 41.
- ^ Herbermann, Charles George (1836). Histoire politique du règne de l'empereur Charles Quint (in French). H. Tarlier. p. 738.
- ^ Chillany, F. Wilhelm (1865). Europaeische Chronik von 1492 bis Ende April 1865. pp. 16, 78.
- ^ Patxot, Fernando (1856). Los héroes y las grandezas de la tierra 6. p. 399
- ^ a b Setton, K. (1984). The Papacy and the Levant (1204–1571), Volume IV: The Sixteenth Century from Julius III to Pius V. Memoirs. Vol. 162. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society. p. 716. ISBN 978-0871691620.
- ^ Ruiz, Enrique Martínez (2020). Felipe II: El hombre, el rey, el mito. La Esfera de los Libros. p. vii.
- ^ [10][11][12][13][14][15]
- ^ William H. Prescott (1856). Historia del reinado de Felipe Segundo, Rey de España. p. 321.
- ^ Mignet, François Auguste Alexis (1878). Carlos Quinto: su abdicación, su estancia y muerte en el Monasterio de Yuste (in Spanish). Biblioteca Perojo. p. 307.
- ^ Bruno Gebhardt (1890). Gebhardts Handbuch der deutschen geschichte. p. 92.
- ^ de Cadenas y Vicent, Vicente (1999). Caminos y derroteros que recorrió el emperador Carlos V. Ediciones Hidalguia. p. 10.
- ^ Herbermann, Charles George (1908). The Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church. Robert Appleton Company. p. 629.
- ^ [17][18][19][20][21]
- ^ Young, M. (1860). The Life and Times of Aonio Paleario Or a History of the Italian Reformers in the 16th Century. Bell. p. 501.