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User:Tfmbty/1991 Pacific typhoon season

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Tfmbty/1991 Pacific typhoon season
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedMarch 5, 1991
Last system dissipatedDecember 5, 1991
Strongest storm
NameYuri
 • Maximum winds315 km/h (195 mph)
(1-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure890 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions38
Total storms28
Typhoons17
Super typhoons5
Total fatalities~5,505
Total damage> $10.1 billion (1991 USD)
Related articles
Pacific typhoon seasons
1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993

The 1991 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1991, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between May and November.[1] These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.

The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean, north of the equator and west of the international date line. Storms that form east of the date line and north of the equator are called hurricanes; see 1991 Pacific hurricane season. Tropical Storms formed in the entire west pacific basin were assigned a name by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Tropical depressions in this basin have the "W" suffix added to their number. Tropical depressions that enter or form in the Philippine area of responsibility are assigned a name by the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration or PAGASA. This can often result in the same storm having two names.

Season summary edit

Systems edit

32 tropical cyclones formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 30 became tropical storms. 17 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 5 reached super typhoon strength.

Typhoon Sharon edit

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationMarch 5 – March 16
Peak intensity120 km/h (75 mph) (1-min);
985 hPa (mbar)

Sharon hit the Philippines.

Typhoon Tim edit

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationMarch 20 – March 27
Peak intensity150 km/h (90 mph) (1-min);
975 hPa (mbar)

On March 17, a cluster of thunderstorms grouped together which formed a low pressure area far east of the Mariana islands. The low pressure area rapidly intensified and became a tropical storm 4 days after formation. Favorable conditions allowed the system to continue to intensify into a Category 1 typhoon. High wind shear on March 25 caused the system to weakened, and it transitioned into an extratropical cyclone.

Tropical Storm Vanessa edit

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationApril 23 – April 28
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (1-min);
994 hPa (mbar)

Vanessa deepened over the South China Sea.

Typhoon Walt edit

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationMay 5 – May 17
Peak intensity260 km/h (160 mph) (1-min);
915 hPa (mbar)

On May 3 an area of disturbed area formed south east of the Mariana Islands. A day later the system strengthened into a tropical depression, and continued to intensify into typhoon status four days later. The system showed annular characteristics on May 11, showing an axisymmetric shape. Walt reached peak intensity on May 12, before showing a distinct eyewall replacement cycle lasting four hours from late May 13 to May 14. When the eyewall replacement cycle was over, a new, larger eye measuring 65 kilometers across formed. Walt soon turned north east, becoming extratropical on May 17, before merging with another extratropical cyclone north east of Japan.

Typhoon Yunya edit

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationJune 12 – June 17
Peak intensity205 km/h (125 mph) (1-min);
945 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Typhoon Yunya (1991)

After a month without any activity in the Western Pacific, a weak tropical depression (with winds of only 10 knots) developed just east of the Philippines and south of the Tropical Upper Tropospheric Trough on June 11. Located in an area of little wind shear, it headed southwestward, developing spiral-band outflow and becoming a tropical storm on the 12th. As a small central dense overcast (CDO) developed over Yunya, it rapidly developed, becoming a typhoon on the 13th as it paralleled the eastern Philippines. The mid-level ridge forced Yunya westward, where it briefly reached a peak intensity of 120 mph (195 km/h) winds on the 14th. Subsequently, the eastward building of the subtropical ridge produced unfavorable vertical wind shear that weakened Yunya to a minimal typhoon before hitting Dingalan Bay, Luzon early on the 15th. Yunya left Luzon as a minimal tropical storm at Lingayen Gulf. It turned northward due to a break in the ridge, and dissipated on the 17th near southern Taiwan due to the vertical shear.

Yunya would normally have been an uneventful cyclone, but for the day it hit Luzon, was when the colossal eruption of Mount Pinatubo took place. The ash cloud that normally would have been dispersed across the oceans was redistributed over Luzon by the cyclonic winds of the typhoon, greatly exacerbating the damage caused by the eruption. The water-laden ash fell over the evacuated Clark Air Base, as well as the rest of Luzon, resulting in downed power lines and the collapse of flat-roofed buildings. In some areas it was practically raining mud.

Yunya exited Luzon through the Lingayen Gulf as a weak tropical storm and then turned north toward a break in the subtropical ridge. The system continued to weaken due to the strong vertical wind shear. It then brushed the southern coast of Taiwan as a tropical depression and finally dissipated before it could complete full recurvature into the mid-latitude westerlies. Yunya directly caused one death from the flooding and heavy rainfall it left.[2]

Typhoon Zeke edit

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationJuly 9 – July 15
Peak intensity140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min);
970 hPa (mbar)

At least 23 people were killed by Zeke on Hainan Island.[3]

Typhoon Amy edit

Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationJuly 14 – July 20
Peak intensity230 km/h (145 mph) (1-min);
911 hPa (mbar)

145 mph Typhoon Amy, having developed on July 12 over the open Western Pacific, brushed southern Taiwan on the 18th. Its outflow became restricted, and Amy hit southern China on the 19th as a 120 mph typhoon. It caused heavy flooding, resulting in 99 casualties, 5000 people injured, and 15,000 people homeless. In addition, Amy caused the sinking of the freighter in a river, resulting in an additional 31 deaths.

Typhoon Brendan edit

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationJuly 19 – July 25
Peak intensity130 km/h (80 mph) (1-min);
975 hPa (mbar)

Brendan hit China.

Typhoon Caitlin edit

Main article: Typhoon Caitlin (1991)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationJuly 21 – July 30
Peak intensity195 km/h (120 mph) (1-min);
950 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Caitlin developed from a disturbance in the eastern Caroline Islands. A tropical depression formed on July 23 as the system moved towards the northwest. Tropical Storm Caitlin was named the on the 24th and was upgraded to a typhoon the next day. Typhoon Caitlin though several hundred miles away increased the monsoonal flow over the Philippines. Heavy rains caused landslides in the Mt. Pinatubo region killing 16 people. As Caitlin turned to the north the storm passed 60 miles (97 km) to the west of Kadena AB, Okinawa at peak intensity of 110 mph. The heavy rains from Caitlin helped to relieve the ongoing drought on the island, one death was reported. Typhoon Caitlin then began to accelerate northwards and passed through the Korea Strait before turning extratropical in the Sea of Japan. Heavy flooding in South Korea killed 2 people and caused $4 million in damage.[4]

Tropical Depression edit

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
DurationJuly 31 (Entered basin) – August 1
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);
1006 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Enrique formed in the eastern Pacific basin, where it reached its peak intensity as a category 1 Hurricane, becoming Hurricane Enrique. Enrique lasted for 6 days before becoming a remnant low, shortly after entering in the central Pacific.[5][6]

As Enrique approached the International Dateline, the system started to redevelop. Shortly after crossing the dateline, Enrique became a tropical storm again on August 1. It lasted for less than 24 hours before it lost its convection and thus the cyclone began to dissipate.[7] No damages or casualties were caused by Enrique.[6][7][8] It is one of only seven tropical cyclones to exist in all three tropical cyclone basins in the Pacific Ocean.[7] The others are 1986's Georgette,[9] 1994's Li and John, 1999's Dora, 2003's Jimena[10] and 2014's Genevieve

Tropical Storm Doug edit

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationAugust 7 – August 10
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min);
1000 hPa (mbar)

Doug was a tropical storm according to the JTWC.

Typhoon Ellie edit

Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationAugust 10 – August 19
Peak intensity155 km/h (100 mph) (1-min);
960 hPa (mbar)

Ellie hit Taiwan.

Typhoon Fred edit

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationAugust 11 – August 18
Peak intensity185 km/h (115 mph) (1-min);
960 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Fred organized from a monsoon trough situated to the east of the Central Philippines, a depression formed on August 11. The depression moved across northern Luzon Island, upon entering the South China Sea the depression was upgraded to Tropical Storm Fred. Fred reached typhoon intensity on August 14 as the storm moved south of Hong Kong. Typhoon Fred reached peak intensity of 110 mph (180 km/h) shortly before moving across Hainan Island. Fred then turned to the southwest across the Gulf of Tonkin and made a final landfall in northern Vietnam before dissipating. As Typhoon Fred moved south of Hong Kong the oil rig support barge DB29 sank with 195 people on board;[11] 22 people on board the ship were killed. On Hainan Island heavy flooding and landslides from Fred's rains killed 16 people.[12]

Tropical Depression 13W edit

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
DurationAugust 11 – August 13
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (1-min);
1002 hPa (mbar)

13W lasted two days.

Typhoon Gladys edit

Main article: Tropical Storm Gladys (1991)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationAugust 15 – August 24
Peak intensity120 km/h (75 mph) (1-min);
965 hPa (mbar)

Minimal typhoon Gladys brushed by southern Japan on August 22. It moved to the northwest, and hit the Korean Peninsula on the 23rd. It caused more than 20 million yen of damage in Japan, more than 270 million won of damage in South Korea, and in South Korea, it left 103 dead or missing and more than 20,000 homeless.

Tropical Depression 15W edit

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
DurationAugust 26 – August 30
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);
992 hPa (mbar)

15W was a long-lived depression that moved northwest.

Tropical Storm Harry edit

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationAugust 28 – August 31
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (1-min);
992 hPa (mbar)

Harry hit Japan.

Typhoon Ivy edit

Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationSeptember 2 – September 10
Peak intensity215 km/h (130 mph) (1-min);
950 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Ivy formed from a broad monsoon trough situated near Kosrae in the eastern Caroline Islands. A tropical depression formed on September 2 as the system moved towards the northwest, the next day the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Ivy. Ivy began to rapidly intensify and reached typhoon strength as the storm passed 130 miles (210 km) east of Tinian and Saipan in the Northern Mariana Islands. On Saipan one drowning death was reported, but only minor damage was reported in the Northern Marianas. Typhoon Ivy continued on a northwesterly path and reached peak strength of 130 mph (210 km/h) on September 7 prior to recurving to the northeast. Ivy paralleled the southeastern Japan coastline and turned extratropical 600 miles (970 km) to the east of Tokyo. As Typhoon Ivy made its closest approach to Honshū, Tokyo and surrounding areas were buffeted by high winds and heavy rains. Over 200 landslides were reported and one person was killed with 4 others missing. [13]

Tropical Storm Joel edit

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationSeptember 3 – September 8
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min);
985 hPa (mbar)

Joel hit southern China.

Typhoon Kinna edit

Main article: Typhoon Kinna (1991)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationSeptember 10 – September 14
Peak intensity185 km/h (115 mph) (1-min);
953 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Kinna formed in a monsoon trough in the western Caroline Islands. A tropical depression began to organize on September 10 to the west of Guam, Tropical Storm Kinna was named later the same day. As Kinna moved towards the northwest the storm began to gather strength and reached typhoon intensity on September 12 just prior to turning north threatening Japan. On the 12th Typhoon Kinna made a direct landfall on southern Okinawa Island at peak strength of 105 mph (169 km/h). Kinna maintained peak intensity after recurving to the north-northeast and making landfall on Kyūshū Island. Typhoon Kinna's eyewall passed directly over Nagasaki and Sasebo cities on September 13, both cities reported wind gusts of 115 mph (185 km/h). Kinna continued moving across Japan and became extratropical near the northern coast of Honshū Island. On Okinawa Kinna dropped more than 8 inches (200 mm) of rain, in Japan most of the damage occurred near Nagasaki. Throughout Japan and Okinawa 9 deaths were attributable to Typhoon Kinna's passage.[13]

Typhoon Mireille edit

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationSeptember 13 – September 28
Peak intensity250 km/h (155 mph) (1-min);
915 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Typhoon Mireille

On September 13, Tropical Depression 21W developed over the open Western Pacific. It tracked westward under the influence of the Subtropical Ridge, slowly organizing until becoming a tropical storm on the 15th. A small storm, Mireille rapidly became a typhoon on the 16th, but larger Tropical Storm Luke to its north and Typhoon Nat to its west kept Mireille a minimal typhoon. When the other two storms were far enough away, Mireille rapidly intensified, reaching super typhoon strength on the 22nd with a peak of 150 mph (240 km/h) winds. The storm recurved to the northeast, where it slowly weakened until hitting southwestern Japan on the 27th as a 105 mph (169 km/h) typhoon. Mireille continued to the northeast, and became extratropical later that day, after causing 52 casualties and heavy crop damage amounting to $3 billion (1991 USD). The name Mireille was retired after this season and was replaced by Melissa. The Panama flagged vessel MV "Darshan" loaded with cement clinker from Ube, Japan and intended to bound for Kuching, East Malaysia has grounded in the Eastern part of Hime-shima island "Princess Island".[citation needed]

Tropical Storm Luke edit

Main article: Tropical Storm Luke (1991)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationSeptember 14 – September 19
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min);
980 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Luke formed from a disturbance that moved through the Northern Marianas and became a tropical depression on September 14 just to the west of the islands. The depression began to slowly intensify as it moved towards the west-northwest and Tropical Storm Luke was named on September 15. Luke reached peak intensity of 60 mph (97 km/h) prior to recurving to the northeast and weakening due to increased shear. Tropical Storm Luke then paralleled the southeastern Japan coastline, dropping heavy rains. The resulting flooding and landslides killed 8 people and left 10 others missing prior to Luke turning extratropical east of central Honshū Island.[13]

Typhoon Nat edit

Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationSeptember 14 – October 3
Peak intensity205 km/h (125 mph) (1-min);
950 hPa (mbar)

Nat took an erratic track for over two weeks.

Typhoon Orchid edit

Main article: Typhoon Orchid (1991)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationOctober 3 – October 14
Peak intensity215 km/h (130 mph) (1-min);
940 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Orchid formed from a broad monsoon trough that moved through the Northern Marianas and became a tropical depression on October 4 to the west of the islands. The depression moved on a westerly path and strengthened into Tropical Storm Orchid later the same day. Orchid then began to rapidly intensify and reach peak strength on 130 mph (210 km/h) on October 7 prior to turning to the northeast and accelerating. Typhoon Orchid paralleled the southeast coast of Shikoku and Honshū Islands. As Orchid brushed the islands 96 landslides and heavy flooding were reported in and around the Tokyo region, one person was reported killed due to flooding. Though a great distance away the waves from Orchid and Typhoon Pat combined to produce tremendous waves resulting in the deaths of 2 people on Guam.[13]

Typhoon Pat edit

Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationOctober 4 – October 13
Peak intensity230 km/h (145 mph) (1-min);
919 hPa (mbar)

Pat stayed at sea.

Typhoon Ruth edit

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationOctober 19 – October 31
Peak intensity285 km/h (180 mph) (1-min);
895 hPa (mbar)

Super Typhoon Ruth formed from a tropical disturbance the originated between Chuuk and Pohnpei, as the disturbance moved on a westerly path, a tropical depression formed on October 20. Tropical Storm Ruth was named on the 21st as the storm moved to the southwest of Guam and began to steadily intensity. Ruth reached typhoon strength on October 22 and became a super typhoon on the 24th as the storm reached peak intensity of 165 mph (266 km/h). Super Typhoon Ruth began to slowly decline in strength as it neared the northern Philippines. Typhoon Ruth made landfall on October 27 on northern Luzon Island with winds of 115 mph (185 km/h) before weakening to a tropical storm. Heavy flooding and numerous landslides were reported on Luzon Island as a result 12 people were killed. After departing Luzon Island Tropical Storm Ruth recurved south of Taiwan and dissipated. Heavy seas caused the freighter Tung Lung to sink west of Taiwan, all 18 aboard were killed.[13]

Typhoon Seth edit

Category 4 super typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationNovember 1 – November 15
Peak intensity240 km/h (150 mph) (1-min);
910 hPa (mbar)

A Category 4 Super Typhoon that affected the northern part of the Philippines. During most of Seth's early life, Seth remained a Tropical Storm, until it encountered warmer waters, where it began to reach its peak intensity on November 5. Seth peaked as a strong category 4 storm, but considerably weakened under typhoon strength when it made landfall in the Philippines as a Tropical Storm. After crossing through the Philippines near the end of its life, Seth stalled and dissipated about halfway between the Philippines and mainland Asia. Seth did feature a well defined eye, and struck the same area of the Philippines right after Super Typhoon Ruth did.

Tropical Storm Thelma edit

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationNovember 1 – November 8
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (1-min);
986 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Tropical Storm Thelma

50 mph (80 km/h) Tropical Storm Thelma hit the central Philippines on November 4. It slowly tracked across the Archipelago, bringing heavy flooding across the islands. Vertical shear weakened it as it continued westward, and it dissipated on November 8 just after hitting southern Vietnam. Thelma, though a weak storm, caused dam failures, landslides, and flash flooding, resulting in a horrendous death toll of 6,000 people. Due to the massive casualties, the name Thelma was retired and replaced with Teresa.

Tropical Storm Verne edit

Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationNovember 5 – November 12
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (1-min);
980 hPa (mbar)

Verne curved away from land.

Typhoon Wilda edit

Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationNovember 14 – November 20
Peak intensity120 km/h (75 mph) (1-min);
985 hPa (mbar)

Wilda hit the Philippines.

Typhoon Yuri edit

Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationNovember 22 – December 1
Peak intensity305 km/h (190 mph) (1-min);
885 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Typhoon Yuri (1991)

Super Typhoon Yuri was the most powerful storm during the season, with winds reaching up to 120 knots (220 km/h), and a minimum recorded pressure of 895 mbar. This made Yuri the third most intense tropical cyclone on record at the end of 1991. Yuri caused $3 million (1991 USD) in damage to Pohnpei, including the loss of a radio tower. In Guam, the storm caused extensive beach erosion and destroyed between 60 and 350 buildings. There, damage totaled to $33 million (1991 USD).[14] It is one of the most closely observed storms ever, Its eye was studied for research.

Typhoon Zelda edit

Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationNovember 27 – December 5
Peak intensity155 km/h (100 mph) (1-min);
970 hPa (mbar)
Main article: Tropical Storm Zelda (1991)

Tropical Storm Zelda was the last storm of the 1991 Pacific typhoon season.

Storm names edit

See also: Lists of tropical cyclone names and Tropical cyclone naming

During the season 29 named tropical cyclones developed in the Western Pacific and were named by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center, when it was determined that they had become tropical storms. These names were contributed to a revised list from mid-1989.

Sharon Tim Vanessa Walt Yunya Zeke Amy Brendan Caitlin Doug Ellie Fred Gladys Harry Ivy
Joel Kinna Luke Mireille Nat Orchid Pat Ruth Seth Thelma Verne Wilda Yuri Zelda


Retirement edit

Due to extensive damage and a high death toll, the JTWC retired the names Mireille and Thelma, which were replaced by Melissa and Teresa. Both names were first used in the 1994 season.

Season effects edit

This table summarizes all the systems that developed within or moved into the North Pacific Ocean, to the west of the International Date Line during 1991. The tables also provide an overview of a systems intensity, duration, land areas affected and any deaths or damages associated with the system.

Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Category Wind speed Pressure
Sharon (Auring) March 5 – 16 Severe tropical storm 95 km/h (60 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Caroline Islands, Philippines None None
Tim March 20 – 27 Typhoon 165 km/h (105 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Philippines, Japan None None
Vanessa (Bebeng) April 23 – 28 Tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Philippines, Vietnam, China None None
Walt (Karing) May 5 – 17 Typhoon 185 km/h (115 mph) 915 hPa (27.02 inHg) Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands None None
TD May 20 Tropical depression Not specified 1010 hPa (29.83 inHg) None None None
Yunya (Diding) June 12 – 17 Typhoon 150 km/h (90 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) Philippines None 7
TD June 14 – 19 Tropical depression Not specified 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Caroline Islands None None
TD June 18 – 19 Tropical depression Not specified 1006 hPa (29.59 inHg) Mariana Islands None None
Zeke (Etang) July 9 – 15 Typhoon 120 km/h (75 mph) 970 hPa (28.79 inHg) Philippines, South China None 23
Amy (Gening) July 14 – 20 Typhoon 175 km/h (110 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, China Unknown 130
TD July 14 – 18 Tropical depression Not specified 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Philippines None None
Brendan (Helming) July 19 – 25 Severe tropical storm 110 km/h (70 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, South China None None
Caitlin (Ising) July 21 – 30 Typhoon 150 km/h (90 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea $4 million 19
Enrique July 31 – August 1 Tropical depression 65 km/h (40 mph) 1016 hPa (30.01 inHg) None None None
TD August 2 Tropical depression Not specified 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None None None
Doug August 7 – 10 Tropical depression 65 km/h (40 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None
Ellie (Mameng) August 10 – 19 Typhoon 130 km/h (80 mph) 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, East China None None
Fred (Luding) August 11 – 18 Typhoon 150 km/h (90 mph) 1000 hPa (27.53 inHg) Philippines, South China, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand Unknown 38
13W August 11 – 13 Tropical depression 45 km/h (30 mph) 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None None None
Gladys August 15 – 24 Severe tropical storm 110 km/h (70 mph) 965 hPa (28.65 inHg) Japan, Korean Peninsula, Northeast China $420,000 103
TD August 19 – 24 Tropical depression Not specified 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) None None None
15W August 26 – 30 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Japan, South Korea None None
Harry August 28 – 31 Tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Japan, South Korea None None
Ivy September 2 – 10 Typhoon 175 km/h (110 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Japan Unknown 1
Joel September 3 – 31 Tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Philippines, China, Taiwan None None
Kinna (Neneng) September 10 – 14 Typhoon 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Japan, Korean Peninsula Unknown 9
Mireille (Rosing) September 13 – 28 Typhoon 185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Marshall Islands, Mariana Islands, Japan, Korean Peninsula, Russia Far East $10 billion 64
Luke (Pepang) September 14 – 19 Severe tropical storm 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Mariana Islands, Japan None 8
Nat (Oniang) September 14 – October 3 Typhoon 150 km/h (90 mph) 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, China Unknown None
Orchid (Sendang) October 3 – 14 Typhoon 175 km/h (110 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Guam, Japan None None
Pat October 4 – 13 Typhoon 150 km/h (90 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Mariana Islands None None
Ruth (Trining) October 19 – 31 Typhoon 215 km/h (130 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg) Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Philippines Unknown 30
Seth (Warling) November 1 – 15 Typhoon 185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) Marshall Islands, Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Philippines Unknown None
Thelma (Uring) November 1 – 8 Tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Philippines, Vietnam $27.7 million 5,081
Verne November 5 – 12 Severe tropical storm 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Marshall Islands, Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands None None
Wilda (Yayang) November 14 – 31 Tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Philippines None None
Yuri November 22 – December 1 Typhoon 220 km/h (140 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg) Marshall Islands, Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands $36 million None
Zelda November 27 – December 5 Severe tropical storm 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Marshall Islands None None
Season aggregates
38 systems March 5 – December 5 220 km/h (140 mph) 895 hPa (26.43 inHg) >$10.1 billion ~5,505

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Gary Padgett. May 2003 Tropical Cyclone Summary. Archived 2010-12-20 at WebCite Retrieved August 26, 2006.
  2. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Typhoon Yunya. Retrieved on January 10, 2006.
  3. ^ https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/thestar/access/465634551.html?dids=465634551:465634551&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jul+20%2C+1991&author=Steve+Newman&pub=Toronto+Star&desc=Earthweek%3A+A+Diary+Of+The+Planet+For+the+week+ending+July+19%2F1991&pqatl=google
  4. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on June 7, 2011. Retrieved March 12, 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Retrieved on December 26, 2007.
  5. ^ Edward Rappaport (1991). "Preliminary Report Hurricane Enrique" (GIF). National Hurricane Center. p. 1. Retrieved December 22, 2006.
  6. ^ a b Edward Rappaport (1991). "Preliminary Report Hurricane Enrique" (GIF). National Hurricane Center. p. 2. Retrieved December 22, 2006.
  7. ^ a b c "Tropical Storm Enrique (06E)" (PDF). 1991 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. pp. 70–1. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 7, 2011. Retrieved March 3, 2009.
  8. ^ "The 1991 Central Pacific Tropical Cyclone Season". Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on December 11, 2006. Retrieved December 22, 2006.
  9. ^ Steve J. Fatjo. "Typhoons Georgette (11E) and Tip (10W)" (PDF). 1986 Annual Tropical Cyclone Report. Joint Typhoon Warning Center. pp. 58–66. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 7, 2011. Retrieved March 3, 2009.
  10. ^ "Eastern North Pacific Tracks File 1949–2007". Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. March 21, 2008. Archived from the original on August 22, 2008. Retrieved March 3, 2009.
  11. ^ "No. 52931". The London Gazette (Supplement). May 22, 1992. p. 8939.
  12. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. [1] Retrieved on December 26, 2007.
  13. ^ a b c d e Joint Typhoon Warning Center. [2] Retrieved on December 27, 2007.
  14. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Super Typhoon Yuri. Archived June 7, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on May 18, 2007.

External links edit


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