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User:Jsavarino/Stimulus (physiology)

< User:Jsavarino

Introduction

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This is the proposal for the expansion of information on the Wikipedia page Stimulus (physiology). The project is for NeuroJoe’s BI481 Introduction to Neuroscience course with the purpose of expanding Wikipedia articles and information for the Society for Neuroscience.

The three group members who will work on this project are: Jeff Savarino, Lauren Ritter, and James Kaberna

In physiology, a stimulus (pl. stimuli) is a detectable change in the internal or external environment. The ability of an organism or organ to respond to external stimuli is called sensitivity. When a stimulus is applied to a sensory receptor, it elicits or influences a reflex via stimulus transduction. A stimulus is often the first component of a homeostatic control system. In order for a stimulus to be detected with high probability, its level must exceed the absolute threshold.

The group will revise and expand on the introduction listed above, which is already present on the current Stimulus (physiology) Wikipedia page

Proposal

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Topics to Cover

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  • General Definition of Stimulus (physiology)
  • History
  • Physiological Function - The group will discuss the function of stimuli as they relate to physiology
  • Transduction of Stimuli - via sensory cells
  • How are Stimuli Received - The group will discuss the various ways that stimuli are received, including both internal and external sensory receptors, and a discussion of Stimulus Coding
  • Types of Stimuli
  • Internal Stimuli - Changes in blood, stomach, and other parts of the body that elicit systematic changes
  • External Stimuli - Environmental changes, mechanical
  • Systematic Response to Stimuli
  • Nervous System Response - Action potentials and reflexes
  • Endocrine System Response - Hormone secretion
  • Circulatory System Response - Regulation of blood pressure and blood volume
  • Digestive System Response - Secretion of digestive enzymes and chemicals
  • Cell’s Response to Stimuli - Apoptosis, release of antioxidants
  • Stimuli and their Impact on Homeostasis
  • Diseases Involving Altered Response to Stimuli
  • References

Division of Work

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The group will do their best to ensure that all members are participating and contributing equally. One method of ensuring this is by adopting the use of Google Documents. Google Documents will allow the group to share articles and notes, consolidate information, and prepare the final project while allowing all group members to give input. The group will decide on individual deadlines to ensure that quality work is completed in a timely manner.

All group members will spend time researching and taking notes on relevant articles. References will be compiled by all group members. Each group member will focus on a particular part of the project, but they will all collaborate and give feedback to each other during the drafting process.

James Kaberna will focus on General Definition, History, and Physiological Function.

Jeff Savarino will focus on Types of Stimuli and the Systematic Response to Stimuli.

Lauren Ritter will focus on the Cell’s Response to Stimuli, their Impact on Homeostasis, and Diseases Involving Altered Response to Stimuli

Reviews and Articles

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Osmoregulation and control of vasopressin secretion in healthy humans[1]

Endocrinology of Shock[2]

Heat Regulation: homeostasis of central temperature in man[3]

Cell responses to oxidative stressors[4]

Apoptosis and free radicals[5]

Effects of cold exposure on older humans[6]

The Calcium Sensing Receptor: A Molecular Prospective[7]

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems[8]

A new view of pain as a homeostatic emotion[9]

The concept of auditory stimulus representation in cognitive neuroscience[10]

The Ionic Mechanisms of Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Action[11]

The Motor Unit: Anatomy and Physiology[12]

The versatile synapse[13]

Anticipatory physiological regulation in feeding biology[14]

Cephalic reflexes: their role in digestion and possible roles in absorption and metabolism. [15]

The concept of cellular "fight-or-flight" reaction to stress[16]

Catecholamines[17]

From Neuron to Brain[18]

References

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  1. ^ Baylis, P (1). "Osmoregulation and control of vasopressin secretion in healthyhumans". American Journal of Physiology. 253 (5): R671–R678. doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1987.253.5.R671. PMID 3318505. Retrieved 15 September 2012. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ^ Woolf, Paul (December 1986). "Endocrinology of Shock". Annals of Emergency Medicine. 15 (12): 1401–1405. doi:10.1016/s0196-0644(86)80926-x. PMID 3535588. Retrieved 15 September 2012.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  3. ^ Benzinger, T (4). "Heat Regulation: homeostasis of central temperature in man". American Journal of Physiology. 49 (4): 671–759. doi:10.1152/physrev.1969.49.4.671. PMID 4898601. Retrieved 15 September 2012. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ^ Cataldi, Amelia (2010). "Cell responses to oxidative stressors". Current Pharmaceutical Design. 16 (12): 1387–1395. doi:10.2174/138161210791033969. PMID 20166986. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
  5. ^ Wood, Katherine A.; Youle, Richard J. (2006). "Apoptosis and Free Radicals". Annals of New York Academy of Sciences. 738: 400–407. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb21829.x. PMID 7832448. Retrieved 15 September 2012. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |year= / |date= mismatch (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  6. ^ Smolander, J (2002). "Effect of Cold Exposure on Older Humans". International Journal of Sports Medicine. 23 (2): 86–92. doi:10.1055/s-2002-20137. PMID 11842354. Retrieved 15 September 2012.
  7. ^ Mango, Aaron (1). "The Calcium-Sensing Receptor: A Molecular Perspective". Endocrine Reviews. 32 (1): 3–30. doi:10.1210 (inactive 2023-08-02). Retrieved 15 September 2012. {{cite journal}}: Check |doi= value (help); Check date values in: |date= and |year= / |date= mismatch (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2023 (link)
  8. ^ Sherwood, Lauralee (2013). Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems. Belmont, CA: Books/Cole. ISBN 978-1-111-57743-8.
  9. ^ Craig, Bud (June 2003). "A new view of pain as a homeostatic emotion". Trends in Neuroscience. 26 (6): 303–307. doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(03)00123-1. PMID 12798599. Retrieved 15 September 2012.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  10. ^ Näätänen, R.; Winkler, I. (1999). "The concept of auditory stimulus representation in cognitive neuroscience". Psychological Bulletin. 125 (6): 826–859. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.6.826. PMID 10589304. Retrieved 15 September 2012. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  11. ^ Eccles, J (July 1966). "The Ionic Mechanisms of Excitatory and Inhibitory Synaptic Action". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 137 (2): 473–494. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb50176.x. PMID 5338549. Retrieved 25 October 2012.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  12. ^ English, A. W.; Wolf, S. L. (1982). "The Motor Unit: Anatomy and Physiology". Journal of the American Physical Therapy Association. 62 (12): 1763–1772. doi:10.1093/ptj/62.12.1763. PMID 6216490. Retrieved 25 October 2012. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  13. ^ Pitman, Robert (September 1984). "The versatile synapse". The Journal of Experimental Biology. 112: 199–224. doi:10.1242/jeb.112.1.199. PMID 6150966. Retrieved 25 October 2012.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  14. ^ Power, M. L.; Schulkin, J. (2008). "Anticipatory physiological regulation in feeding biology". Apetite. 50 (2–3): 2–3. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2007.10.006. PMC 2297467. PMID 18045735. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  15. ^ Giduck, S. A.; Threatte, R. M.; Kare, M. R. (1987). "Cephalic reflexes: their role in digestion and possible roles in absorption and metabolism". The Journal of Nutrition. 117 (7): 1191–1196. doi:10.1093/jn/117.7.1191. PMID 3302135. Retrieved 25 October 2012. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  16. ^ Goligorsky, Michael (April 2001). "The concept of cellular "fight-or-flight" reaction to stress". American Journal of Physiology. 280 (4): F551–F561. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.2001.280.4.F551. PMID 11249846. Retrieved 25 October 2012.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  17. ^ Fluck, D (September 1972). "Catecholamines". British Heart Journal. 34 (9): 869–873. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2007.10.006. PMC 487013. PMID 18045735.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  18. ^ Nicholls, John (2001). From Neuron to Brain (Fourth ed.). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer. ISBN 0-87893-439-1. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
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