Genetic Makeup
editAttribute | S. cerevisiae | S. pombe |
---|---|---|
Sequenced genome | Yes[1][2] | Yes[3] |
Chromosomes | 16[1][2] | 3[3] |
Number of Genes | 5,570 - 5,651[1][2] | 4,824 - 4,940[3] |
Genes with Introns | 5%[3] | 43%[3] |
Duplicated Genes | Many[3] | Few[3] |
Centromeres | Small[4][2] | Elongated with Repeats[4][3] |
Cell Cycle
editAttribute | S. cerevisiae | S. pombe |
---|---|---|
Mitotic Spindle Present | From G1/S to Division[5] | Only in M Phase[5] |
Chromosome Condensation | Little[5] | Significant[5] |
Cell Division Regulation | G1 to S[5][6] | G1 to S and G2 to M[5][6] |
Generation Time | 1.25-2 hours[6][2] | 2-4 hours[6][3] |
Synchronize Cells Based on Cell Cycle Phase | Difficult/Based on Bud Emergence[6] | Centrifuge as size indicates age[6] |
Transcription and Translation
editAttribute | S. cerevisiae | S. pombe |
---|---|---|
Promoter Region Location | 10 bp upstream[6] | 25-35 bp upstream[6] |
Mammalian Promoter Active | No[6] | Yes including HIV1, SV40, and CaMV35S[6] |
Yeast Artificial Chromosome | Yes[7] | Yes[8][9] |
Human gene expression | Yes | Yes[10] |
Human gene substitution | Limited, usually requires alterations | Yes[11] |
Structure of Small Nuclear U2 and U6 RNA | Unique[6] | Similar to higher eukaryotes[12][13] |
RNA 5' Splicing Site | Unique[6] | Like Mammals[6] |
RNA 3' End Formation | AT-Rich; lack AAUAAA motif[6] | AT-Rich; lack AAUAAA motif[6] |
Alternative Splicing | Unique to S. cerevisiae[14] | Similar to higher eukaryotes[14][15] |
Codon usage | Similar to Fungi[16] | Similar to Fungi[16] |
Mammalian-like SRP RNAs | No | Yes[17] |
RNAi | Limited | Present[18], including microRNA and machinery[19] |
Post-translational Processing | Limited | Yes, well-formed Golgi Apparatus, terminal glucose and prenylation modifications |
Gene Expression and Signaling
editAttribute | S. cerevisiae | S. pombe |
---|---|---|
Inducible Gene Expression | Tight control, in presence of galactose using GAL4 promoter | Tight control, delayed repression (16 hours) with thiamine using nmt promoter |
Mating Signal usage to Enable Secretion | Yes | No |
Human Protein Similarity | Many | Many homologues[3], arguably closer in structure and function, including cdc2[11] and p53 |
Drug-Metabolizing Enzyme Expression (cytochrome P450) | Yes, 1% of Cell[6] | Yes[20][21][22], >10% of Cell[6] |
Transformed Membrane Protein Expression | Little | 1-2% of membrane, 1mg from 1L of culture |
Heat Shock Response | HSF constituitively bound to HSE | HSF binds to HSE upon heat shock |
Recognition of ER retention KDEL signal | No | Yes |
Classical Nuclear Localization Signal Recognition | Yes | Yes |
PY Nuclear Localization Signal Recognition | Limited | Limited studies, Possibility |
Foreign Signal Sequence Recognition | Limited | Yes |
Isolate Recessive Mutations | Convert to Haploid | Separate based on phenotype (already haploid) |
Properties
editAttribute | S. cerevisiae | S. pombe |
---|---|---|
Age Determination | Difficult | Size, larger size is older organism |
G-protein coupled receptor | Limited | Yes, can perpetuate signals |
Sexes | a and alpha[23] | h+, h-, and h90[24][25] |
Switching Sex | Both[23] | h90 only[26] |
Mating Induction | Rich Medium | Nitrogen Starvation |
Native State | Diploid[6] | Haploid[6] |
Mammalian-like apoptosis mechanism | No[27] | Yes[28][27] |
Cell Fusion With Mouse Cells Possible | No[6] | Yes[6] |
Mammalian-like actin | No | Yes |
Growth on Galactose | Yes | No |
Growth on malic acid | No | Yes |
Uptake of mevalonic acid | No | Yes |
Inositol required for growth | No | Yes |
Resistance against EtOH | Yes | Limited |
Resistance Against Heat | No | Yes |
Resistance against osmotic stress | No | Yes |
References
edit- ^ a b c http://downloads.yeastgenome.org/sequence/
- ^ a b c d e Goffeau, A., Johnston, M., Louis, E. J., Mewes, H. W., Murakami, Y., Philippsen, P., . . . Jacq, C. (1996). Life with 6000 genes. Science, 274(5287), 546-567. doi:10.1126/science.274.5287.546
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Wood, V., Baker, S., Gloux, S., Basham, D., Bowman, S., Brooks, K., . . . Dréano, S. (2002). The genome sequence of schizosaccharomyces pombe. Nature, 415(6874), 871-880. doi:10.1038/nature724
- ^ a b Polizzi, C. M. (1990). Analysis of centromere regions from the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. ProQuest, UMI Dissertations Publishing).
- ^ a b c d e f Davis, L., & Smith, G. R. (2001). Meiotic recombination and chromosome segregation in schizosaccharomyces pombe. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 98(15), 8395-8402. doi:10.1073/pnas.121005598
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Giga-Hama, Y., & Kumagai, H. (1997). Foreign gene expression in fission yeast: Schizosaccharomyces pombe. New York: Springer.
- ^ Murray, A. W. & Szostak, J. W. E-Resource Login. Nature (1983).
- ^ Hahnenberger, K. M., Baum, M. P., Polizzi, C. M., Carbon, J., & Clarke, L. (1989). Construction of functional artificial minichromosomes in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 86(2), 577-581. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.2.577
- ^ Complete coverage of the schizosaccharomyces pombe genome in yeast artificial chromosomes. (1992). Nature Genetics, 1(4), 273-277. doi:10.1038/ng0792-273
- ^ Young, D. J., Nimmo, E. R., & Allshire, R. C. (1998). A schizosaccharomyces pombe artificial chromosome large DNA cloning system. Nucleic Acids Research, 26(22), 5052-5060. doi:10.1093/nar/26.22.5052
- ^ a b Lee MG, Nurse P. Complementation used to clone a human homologue of the fission yeast cell cycle control gene cdc2. Nature 1987; 327:31-35
- ^ Brennwald P, Porter G, Wise JA. U2 small nuclear RNA is remarkably conserved between Schizosaccharomyces pombe and mammals. Mol Cell Biol 1988: 8:5575-5580
- ^ Porter G, Brennwald P, Wise JA. U1 small nuclear RNA from Schizosaccharomyces pombe has unique and conserved features and is encoded by an essential single-copy gene. Mol Cell Biol 1990; 10:2874-2881
- ^ a b Guthrie L, Riedel N, Parker R et al. Genetic analysis of snRNAs and RNA processing in yeast. In: Hicks J, ed. Yeast Cell Biology Liss, New York 1986; 301-321
- ^ Mount SM. A catalogue of splice junction sequences. Nucleic Acid Res 1982; 10:459-472
- ^ a b Forsburg SL. Codon usage table for Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Yeast 1994; 10:1045-1047
- ^ Hughes JM, Koninngs DAM, Cesaraeni G. The yeast homologue of U3 snRNA. EMBO J 1987; 6:2145-2155
- ^ Reinhart, B. J., & Bartel, D. P. (2002). Small RNAs correspond to centromere heterochromatic repeats. Science, 297(5588), 1831-1831. doi:10.1126/science.1077183
- ^ Sigova, A., Rhind, N., & Zamore, P. D. (2004). A single argonaute protein mediates both transcriptional and posttranscriptional silencing in schizosaccharomyces pombe. Genes & Development, 18(19), 2359-2367. doi:10.1101/gad.1218004
- ^ Hakki, T., Hübel, K., Waldmann, H., & Bernhardt, R. (2011). The development of a whole-cell based medium throughput screening system for the discovery of human aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) inhibitors: Old drugs disclose new applications for the therapy of congestive heart failure, myocardial fibrosis and hypertension. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 125(1-2), 120-128. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2010.12.011
- ^ Tin, M. K., Hakki, T., & Bernhardt, R. (2011). Fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe as a new system for the investigation of corticosterone methyloxidase deficiency-causing mutations. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 124(1-2), 31-37. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.01.002
- ^ Hakki, T., & Bernhardt, R. (2014). Development and evaluation of a whole-cell system for the directed evolution of human cytochromes P450 in recombinant fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 103, 67-71. doi:10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.08.011
- ^ a b Thorner J. Pheromonal regulation of development in Saccharomyces: Life Cycle and Inheritance. Cold Spring Harbor, New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. 1981:143-180
- ^ Imai Y, Yamamoto M. The fission yeast mating pheromone P-factor: its molecular structure, gene structure, and ability to induce gene expression and G1 arrest in the mating partner. Gene & Dev 1994; 8:328-338
- ^ Davy J. Isolation and quantitation of M-factor, a diffusible mating factor from fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Yeast 1991; 7:357-366
- ^ Beach DH. Cell type switching by DNA transcription in fission yeast. Nature 1983; 305:682-687
- ^ a b B Ink, M Zörnig, B Baum, N Hajibagheri, C James, T Chittenden, & G Evan. (1997). Human bak induces cell death in schizosaccharomyces pombe with morphological changes similar to those with apoptosis in mammalian cells. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 17(5), 2468-2474.
- ^ Jürgensmeier, J. M., Krajewski, S., Armstrong, R. C., Wilson, G. M., Oltersdorf, T., Fritz, L. C., . . . Ottilie, S. (1997). Bax- and bak-induced cell death in the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 8(2), 325-339.