The human genome is the complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans, encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in small DNA molecules found within mitochondria. This includes both protein-coding DNA sequences and various types of DNA that does not encode proteins. This schematic representation of the human diploid karyotype shows the organization of the human genome into chromosomes, as well as annotated bands and sub-bands as seen on G banding. The diagram shows both the female (XX) and male (XY) versions of the 23rd chromosome pair. Chromosomal changes during the cell cycle are displayed at the top center. The human mitochondrial genome is shown to scale at the bottom left.Diagram credit: Mikael Häggström