The Tamansky otdel,[a] known before 1910 as the Temryuksky otdel,[b] was a Cossack district (otdel) of the Kuban oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Yeysky otdel to the north, the Black Sea to the west, the Black Sea Governorate to the south, and the Kavkazsky and Yekaterinodarsky otdels to the east. The area of the Tamansky otdel mostly corresponded to the contemporary Krasnodar Krai region of Russia. The district's administrative capital was the stanitsa of Slavyanskaya (Slavyansk-na-Kubani).[1]
Tamansky otdel
Таманскій отдѣлъ | |
|---|---|
 Location in the Kuban Oblast | |
| Country | Russian Empire |
| Viceroyalty | Caucasus |
| Oblast | Kuban |
| Established | 1869 |
| Abolished | 1924 |
| Capital | Slavyanskaya (present-day Slavyansk-na-Kubani) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 16,130.71 km2 (6,228.10 sq mi) |
| Population (1916) | |
| • Total | 518,379 |
| • Density | 32/km2 (83/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 7.31% |
| • Rural | 92.69% |
Administrative divisions edit
The subcounties (uchastoks) of the Tamansky otdel in 1912 were as follows:[2]
| Name | 1912 population |
|---|---|
| 1-y uchastok (1-й участокъ) | 42,868 |
| 2-y uchastok (2-й участокъ) | 47,981 |
| 3-y uchastok (3-й участокъ) | 86,929 |
| 4-y uchastok (4-й участокъ) | 58,359 |
Demographics edit
Russian Empire Census edit
According to the Russian Empire Census, the Tamansky otdel—then known as the Temryuksky otdel—had a population of 342,976 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 174,107 men and 168,869 women. The majority of the population indicated Ukrainian to be their mother tongue, with a significant Russian speaking minority.[3]
| Language | Native speakers | % |
|---|---|---|
| Ukrainian | 257,918 | 75.20 |
| Russian | 58,660 | 17.10 |
| Greek | 13,812 | 4.03 |
| Romanian | 3,393 | 0.99 |
| German | 2,335 | 0.68 |
| Armenian | 2,078 | 0.61 |
| Turkish | 767 | 0.22 |
| Belarusian | 763 | 0.22 |
| Czech | 578 | 0.17 |
| Circassian | 463 | 0.13 |
| Tatar[c] | 447 | 0.13 |
| Kyurin | 403 | 0.12 |
| Polish | 309 | 0.09 |
| Romani | 295 | 0.09 |
| Jewish | 211 | 0.06 |
| Georgian | 192 | 0.06 |
| Bulgarian | 63 | 0.02 |
| Persian | 42 | 0.01 |
| Mordovian | 38 | 0.01 |
| Kalmyk | 32 | 0.01 |
| Avar-Andean | 30 | 0.01 |
| Kazi-Kumukh | 17 | 0.00 |
| Bashkir | 8 | 0.00 |
| Lithuanian | 5 | 0.00 |
| Estonian | 4 | 0.00 |
| Kumyk | 4 | 0.00 |
| Ossetian | 4 | 0.00 |
| Abkhaz | 2 | 0.00 |
| Kabardian | 2 | 0.00 |
| Latvian | 2 | 0.00 |
| Karachay | 1 | 0.00 |
| Nogai | 1 | 0.00 |
| Other | 97 | 0.03 |
| TOTAL | 342,976 | 100.00 |
Kavkazskiy kalendar edit
According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Tamansky otdel had a population of 518,379 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 260,844 men and 257,535 women, 296,096 of whom were the permanent population, and 222,283 were temporary residents:[6]
| Nationality | Urban | Rural | TOTAL | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| Russians | 37,256 | 98.36 | 474,881 | 98.83 | 512,137 | 98.80 |
| Armenians | 230 | 0.61 | 2,844 | 0.59 | 3,074 | 0.59 |
| Other Europeans | 116 | 0.31 | 1,399 | 0.29 | 1,515 | 0.29 |
| North Caucasians | 37 | 0.10 | 1,362 | 0.28 | 1,399 | 0.27 |
| Jews | 216 | 0.57 | 16 | 0.00 | 232 | 0.04 |
| Roma | 9 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.00 | 9 | 0.00 |
| Shia Muslims[d] | 8 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.00 | 8 | 0.00 |
| Asiatic Christians | 5 | 0.01 | 0 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.00 |
| TOTAL | 37,877 | 100.00 | 480,502 | 100.00 | 518,379 | 100.00 |
Notes edit
- ^
- ^
- ^ Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".[4][5]
- ^ Primarily Tatars.[7]
References edit
- ^ Tsutsiev 2014.
- ^ Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 176–183.
- ^ a b "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-05-17.
- ^ Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
- ^ Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
- ^ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 222–229.
- ^ Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.
Bibliography edit
- Bournoutian, George A. (2018). Armenia and Imperial Decline: The Yerevan Province, 1900–1914. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-06260-2. OCLC 1037283914.
- Hovannisian, Richard G. (1971). The Republic of Armenia: The First Year, 1918–1919. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520019843.
- Кавказский календарь на 1913 год [Caucasian calendar for 1913] (in Russian) (68th ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1913. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022.
- Кавказский календарь на 1917 год [Caucasian calendar for 1917] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021.
- Tsutsiev, Arthur (2014). Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus (PDF). Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300153088. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2023.