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Sultan Awais Gibari Swati(سلطان اویس گبری سواتی) also known as Sultan Awais Jahangiri was the last king of Sultanate of Swat from 1490 to 1519 belonging to the royal "House of Pakhal" whose rule was overthrown by his brother-in-law Malak Ahmad Khan Yousafzai in a series of battles for the 12 years.[1][2]
| Sultan Awais Swati سلطان اویس سواتی | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Titles - القابات
| |||||
| Last King of the Sultanate of Swat | |||||
| Reign | 1490-1519 (Sultan of Swat Sultanate) 1519-1530 (as a Sultan of Dir) | ||||
| Coronation | 1490 | ||||
| Predecessor | Sultan Pakhal Gibari II (The second) | ||||
| Successor | Feroz Shah ( as a Sultan of Dir) | ||||
| Born | Sultan Palace, Manglawar, Sultanate of Swat | ||||
| Died | Lahor Fort, Dir | ||||
| Spouse | Shahida Bibi Yousafzai(Queen of Swat)
ملکہ سوات شاہدہ بی بی (Sister of Malak Ahmed Khan Yousafzai) | ||||
| Issue | Feroz Shah Jahangiri Qazan Shah Jahangiri | ||||
| |||||
| House | Gibarids | ||||
| Father | Sultan Pakhal Gibari II | ||||
| Religion | Islam | ||||
Rule edit
Upon Sultan Awais ascending the throne, his kingdom remained to Swat, Dir, Buner, Malakand, Hazara, Baramulla at the gate of Srinagar, with Peshawar as one of its colonies.[3] Sultan Awais faced significant opposition from local Chief Mir Hassan Mitravi Swati and his first-cousin, Sultan Alaudin Swati, who ruled a substantial part of his kingdom. Internal conflicts weakened his defenses, allowing external enemies to seize opportunities. To strengthen foothold in Swat, Malak Ahmed Khan gave his sister Shahida Bibi Yousafzai in marriage to Sultan Awais Swati. However, as soon as an opportunity arose, prompted by a hint from Sultan Awais's wife, Shahida Bibi Yousafzai, the Yousafzais and their allied tribes launched an attack on Swat. Despite these efforts and multiple unsuccessful attacks on his capital over 12 years, Sultan Awais was eventually overwhelmed. He fled Swat and migrated to Nihag Dara in Dir and built a fortress there. His son Feroz Shah started ruling Dir while his second son Kazan Shah made continuous raids on Yousafzai army, latter killed by them.
Life edit
Swati Awais belonged to the "House of Jahangir", a sub-house of "House of Pakhal" of the Gibari tribe which is now a subsection of Swati tribe.[4]
Sultan Awais was son of Sultan Pakhal II and the great-grandson of Sultan Jahangeer Gibari and a heir of Sultan Pakhal Gibari's legacy. Sultan Awais married Shahida Bibi Yousafzai, a sister of Yousafzai Chief Malak Ahmed Khan.[5][6] Major Raverty wrote that Malak Ahmed Khan Yousafzai gave his sister in marriage to Sultan Awais Swati, in order to gain foot in Swat.[7][8]
Descendents edit
Sultan Awais took refuge in Nihag Dara, a village in Dir, where he built the Lahor Fort. He had two sons: Feroz Shah Jahangiri and Qazan Shah. Qazan Shah led frequent raids against Gaju Khan Yousafzai's army and was eventually slain by the Yousafzais. In contrast, Feroz Shah ascended to rule Dir. The lineage continued with Sultan Mah The Second and Sultan Zain Ali Shah Jahangiri, after which their historical trace disappears.[9]
Nonetheless, descendants of Sultan Jahangir Gibari reside in Mansehra and Battagram Districts and are known as Jahangiri Swatis. Babar Saleem Swati is a descendant of Sultan Jahangir through his son Prince Hasan Shah.
The 1860s Gazetteer of India provides a glimpse into Sultan Awais's lineage, mentioning Samandar Khan as the 8th hereditary Chief of the Swati tribe, 5th Khan of Garhi Habibullah, and an honorary magistrate of Hazara, who received grants from the British government. Currently, Habibullah Khan The Second holds the title of 14th Chief of the Swati tribe and 11th Khan of Garhi Habibullah belonging to Samandar Khan's lineage.
References edit
- ^ Raverty, Major. "Notes on Afghanistan and part of Baluchistan". Internet Archives.
- ^ Arlinghaus, Joseph Theodore (1988). The Transformation of Afghan Tribal Society: Tribal Expansion, Mughal Imperialism and the Roshaniyya Insurrection, 1450-1600. Duke University.
- ^ Inam-ur-Rahim; Viaro, Alain M. (2002). Swat: An Afghan Society in Pakistan : Urbanisation and Change in Tribal Environment. City Press. ISBN 978-969-8380-55-7.
- ^ Major, Raverty. "Notes on Afghanistan and Part of Balochistan". Internet Archives.
Sultan Awes Swati, son of Sultan Pakhal who also belongs to the Gibari tribe.
- ^ Yousafzai, Khan Roshan Khan. "Malika E Swat ( Queen of Swat)".
- ^ Irvine, William (January 1910). "Gazetteer of the Hazara District (1907). By H. D. Watson, Civil Service, Settlement Officer. London: Chatto & Windus, 1908". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland. 42 (1): 183–184. doi:10.1017/s0035869x00081880. ISSN 0035-869X.
- ^ Raverty, Major. "Notes on Afghanistan and part of Baluchistan". Internet Archives.
- ^ Raverty, H. G. (1888). Notes On Afghanistan And Part Of Baluchistan.
- ^ Raverty, Major. "Notes on Afghanistan and Balochistan". p. 231.
He left two sons; Feroz Shah and Qazan Shah, the latter was killed by Yousafzais and his head was brought to Kaju Khan. Feroz Shah was succeeded by Sultan Mah and Sultan Zain Ali.